Languages of hunter-gatherers and their neighbors

Dhuwala

Family
Pama-Nyungan
Region
Australia
ISO 639-3
guf
Location
-12.19°, 135.41°
Notes
Features
Basic Vocabulary
Flora Fauna Vocabulary
Cultural Vocabulary
Ethnographic Information
Data Sources
none


Basic Vocabulary (186)
English Spanish Portuguese Semantic Field Part of Speech Orthographic Form Phonemicized Form Gloss as in Source Etymology Code Proto-Form Proto-Language Loan Source Wanderwort Status Etyma Set Etymology Notes General Notes Source
1pl.excl nosotros (exclusivo) nós (exclusivo) grammar nganapurru inheritance
1pl.incl nosotros (inclusivo) nós (inclusivo) grammar ŋalimurru semantic shift
1sg yo eu grammar ŋarra inheritance
2pl ustedes vocês grammar nhuma semantic shift
2sg xx xx grammar nhe inheritance
3pl ellos/ellas eles/elas grammar walal(a) inheritance
3sg el/ella ele/ela grammar ŋayi inheritance
above encima, arriba acima location garrwar inheritance
again de nuevo, otra vez de novo grammar bulu inheritance
all todo todos other warrpam' inheritance
and y e grammar ga inheritance
ankle tobillo tornozelo body yaṯa inheritance
armpit axila, sobaco axila body wuḏuy unknown
ashamed xx xx mental mirrwiḻi unknown
ashes xx xx environment ḻirrgi(') inheritance
at en, a em, a location -ŋura inheritance
back espalda costas body muta unknown
bad mal mal quality biḏila unknown
be alive xx xx body walnga inheritance
belly barriga barriga body wuwa' unknown
below abajo, debajo abaixo location rol unknown
big grande grande quality dhamburru inheritance
bite morder morder body ḻäwum(a) inheritance
black negro preto colour gurrŋan(') unknown
blood sangre sangue body wuruŋgal unknown
blow soplar soprar body boy' inheritance
blunt xx xx quality dhumuk inheritance
bone hueso osso body murrutjuwal inheritance
boomerang xx xx manufacture gaḻigaḻi(') inheritance
breast pecho, seno peito body ŋamini doubtful loan
breathe respirar respirar body ŋar'yun inheritance
burn quemar queimar environment buḻpuḻyun unknown
chew masticar, mascar mastigar body [missing] missing
child niño, niña criança human djamarrkuḻi(') inheritance
climb subir subir motion giḻaŋdhun unknown
cloud nube nuvem environment wutjun unknown
cold frío frio quality ŋulwitj unknown
come venir vir motion buna unknown
cook cocinar cozinhar impact nyirmarama unknown
count contar contar mental bothurru loan
cry llorar chorar mental ŋapŋapthun unknown
cut xx xx impact mit inheritance
die/be dead morir morrer state dhiŋgam(a) unknown
dig cavar cavar impact ŋangi'yun unknown
dingo/wolf fauna wärraŋ unknown
dirty sucio sujo quality [missing] missing
dream soñar sonhar mental bukaway inheritance
drink beber, tomar beber body [missing] missing
dry seco seco quality mulka(') unknown
dust polvo poeira environment [missing] missing
ear oreja orelha body buthuru loan
earth/soil tierra terra environment munatha(') inheritance
eat comer comer body nyaḻuma unknown
egg huevo ovo fauna mapu(') inheritance
eye ojo olho body mi:l inheritance
faeces heces, mierda, excremento, estiércol fezes body guḻa' unknown
fall caer cair motion wirrdjawirrdja'yun unknown
far lejos longe quality barrku inheritance
fat/grease grasa gordura body djukurr(') inheritance
father padre, papá pai kinship djawuḻpa unknown
fear miedo medo mental barrari unknown
feather pluma pena fauna buḻuk unknown
fire fuego fogo environment gurtha inheritance
fish xx xx fauna ŋutjatja loan
flow fluir fluir motion [missing] missing
flower flor flor environment [missing] missing
fly volar voar motion wurruḻuḻ(') unknown
fog niebla, neblina nevoeira, bruma, neblina environment [missing] missing
foot pie pé body baŋgina unknown
fruit fruta fruta flora gäku inheritance
good bueno bom quality walutju unknown
grow crecer crescer state [missing] missing
hair (of head) cabello cabelo body marwat inheritance
hand mano mão body ŋarambiya(') unknown
head cabeza cabeça body djuḻuḻu unknown
hear oír ouvir mental ŋäma inheritance
heavy pesado pesado quality ŋonuŋ unknown
hide esconder esconder motion djuḻuḻ'yun unknown
hit golpear, pegar bater impact ḏar' unknown
hit (with hand) xx xx impact [missing] missing
hold correr, asegurar, sostener segurar other [missing] missing
how? como como grammar [missing] missing
if si se grammar [missing] missing
in/inside dentro, adentro dentro location djinawa(') inheritance
intestines intestinos intestinos body biyapiya inheritance
itch hormiguear, sentir comezón coçar body ḏamurruŋ' inheritance
kill matar matar impact [missing] missing
know/be knowledgeable saber, conecer saber, conhecer mental miṯan unknown
lake lago lago environment [missing] missing
laugh reír rir mental ŋamarama unknown
leaf hoja folha environment [missing] missing
left/left hand izquierdo esquerdo location/body wirrkaḏay' unknown
leg/foot pierna perna body balwak unknown
lie down acostarse, echarse deitar motion ḏuy unknown
lightning rayo, relámpago relampago environment maykarraṉ(') loan
liver hígado figado body ngalthiri inheritance
long largo comprido, longo quality lambirri unknown
louse piollo, piojo piolho fauna mukmuk unknown
lung pulmón pulmão body burrgutj inheritance
man/male hombre homem human ḏirramu inheritance
meat/flesh carne carne fauna ŋanak inheritance
moon luna lua environment walmuḏa unknown
mother madre, mamá mãe kinship ngama7 inheritance
mouth boca boca body djoliŋ unknown
name nombre nome human ŋaykaṉa unknown
nape base del cuello, nuca nuca body dhungurrk unknown
near/close cerca de perto quality galki inheritance
neck cuello pescoço body mayaŋ(') unknown
new nuevo novo quality yuṯa inheritance
night noche noite time munha inheritance
no/not no não grammar yaka inheritance
nose nariz nariz body ngurru inheritance
old viejo velho quality norrutj unknown
one uno um number wanggañ inheritance
open/uncover abrir abrir other dayaŋgi unknown
other otro outro grammar [missing] missing
person/human being persona pessoa human yolŋu inheritance
pimple xx xx body mäpaṉ inheritance
rain lluvia chuva environment waṉbana unknown
red rojo vermelho colour ṉipiṉ unknown
right/right hand derecha direita location/body [missing] missing
road/path camino caminho manufacture [missing] missing
roof xx xx manufacture [missing] missing
root raíz raiz flora [missing] missing
rotten podrido podre quality boḻuku unknown
sand arena areia environment [missing] missing
say decir dizer mental ŋayawurkthun unknown
scratch rascar rasgar impact wirrk unknown
see ver ver mental ḏirrgiyun unknown
sharp afilado, filudo, filoso afiado quality raywal unknown
shoot tirar, disparar, balear atirar impact biḻtjawunuma unknown
short corto curto quality dhumbuḻ' unknown
shoulder hombro ombro body rlambarr loan direction unknown
sick xx xx body dhuŋumirr(i) unknown
sit sentar(se) sentar state dhut unknown
skin piel pele body minyaŋalaŋal unknown
sky cielo céu environment djiwarr(') unknown
sleep dormir dormir body yakurr inheritance
small pequeño pequeno quality nyumikiny inheritance
smell (tr/intr) xx xx body nhuman inheritance
smoke humo fumaça environment ŋawulul(') inheritance
spit escupir cuspir body dhuba'yun inheritance
split partir, dividir rachar, dividir, partir impact balbaw'marama unknown
squeeze estrujar, exprimir espremer impact ḏitjpunuma unknown
stab/pierce apuñalar, acuchillar apunhalar impact dhämalkuma unknown
stand estar de pié ficar em pé state birr unknown
star estrella estrela environment ganyu(') unknown
steal robar roubar other [missing] missing
stone piedra pedra environment waṯapa(') unknown
suck chupar chupar body [missing] missing
sun sol sol time walu inheritance
sweat sudar suor, suar body wuburr' inheritance
swell hincharse inchar body [missing] missing
swim nadar nadar motion watjkaḻyun unknown
tail cola, rabo rabo body miraŋ unknown
that ese/esa esse grammar ŋunhi inheritance
thick grueso, gordo, espeso grosso quality ŋutu(') unknown
thin delgado fino quality bär' unknown
think pensar pensar mental guyaŋirr(i) inheritance
this este/esta este grammar dhuwala unknown
three tres tres number ḻurrkun' inheritance
throat garganta garganta body miwura unknown
throw tirar, lanzar atirar, jogar impact ḏup unknown
thunder truenos trovão environment bulkuŋu unknown
tie up/fasten atar, amarrar amarrar impact ḏamarr'marama unknown
tongue lengua lingua body matha inheritance
tooth diente dente body gikina inheritance
true xx xx quality rumbal semantic shift
turn girar, volter, torcer virar other ŋanydjaḻa'yun unknown
two dos dois number märrma' inheritance
vomit vomitar vomitar body [missing] missing
walk caminar, andar andar motion garama inheritance
water agua agua environment wakutu(') unknown
wet mojado molhado quality djurruk unknown
what? que, qué que grammar nhä inheritance
when? cuando quando grammar nhätha inheritance
where? donde onde grammar wanhala inheritance
white blanco branco colour watharr inheritance
who? quien, quién quem grammar wäri inheritance
wife esposa esposa kinship galay inheritance
wind viento vento environment bawuthu unknown
wing ala asa body binbarr unknown
woman/female mujer mulher human baṯami loan
work trabajar trabalhar other dhotju unknown
yawn bostezar bocejar body [missing] missing
yellow amarillo amarelo colour buthalak inheritance


Flora Fauna Vocabulary (9)
English Spanish Portuguese Semantic Field Part of Speech Linnean Name Orthographic Form Phonemicized Form Gloss as in Source Etymology Code Proto-Form Proto-Language Loan Source Etymology Notes Wanderwort Status Etyma Set Range of Term Word Structure Word Structure Notes Classifier Classifier Notes Hypernym Source Association with Social Categories Ritual/Mythologically Significant Ritual Notes Food Source Food Notes Medicinal Medicinal Notes How Collected Who Collects How Prepared Psychotropic Psychotropic Notes Traded Trade Notes Distribution Habitat Dangerous Ethnobiology Notes Species Notes General Notes
tree árbol arvore flora-fauna gäyu unknown
ant (generic) hormiga formiga flora-fauna wuṯili unknown
bird pajaro, ave passaro flora-fauna djikay(') inheritance
blowfly/housefly mosca mosca flora-fauna gathiŋaḻi(') unknown
dog (camp, domestic) perro cachorro flora-fauna wuŋgan inheritance
grass hierba, pasto capim, grama flora-fauna buḻwutja(') unknown
kangaroo (generic) flora-fauna weṯi(') inheritance
snake (generic) culebra, serpiente cobra flora-fauna djäḻki(') unknown
spider araña aranha flora-fauna garrwiḏi unknown


Cultural Vocabulary (8)
English Spanish Portuguese Semantic Field Part of Speech Orthographic Form Phonemicized Form Gloss as in Source Etymology Code Proto-Form Proto-Language Loan Source Wanderwort Status Etyma Set Etymology Notes Word Structure Word Structure Notes General Notes Source
rope/string mecate, cuerda, soga corda culture guwal unknown
bottom grinding stone manufacture [missing] missing
digging stick subsistence tool waliya unknown
winnow aventar, tirar (sementes) joeirar manufacture [missing] missing
top grinding stone metate, mano; piedra de moler metate, mano manufacture [missing] missing
spearthrower subsistence tool biḏitj unknown
spear lanza lança subsistence tool matjaka unknown
house other dhulmarr unknown


Ethnographic Information
Current Population (speakers) Former Population Estimate Subsistence Preference Density Sedentism Ecotome Marriage Pattern Notes Source
medium HG dense mobile yes