Hunter-Gatherer Language Database

thunder

Semantic Field: environment
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish: truenos
Meaning Portuguese: trovão

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Language	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Loan Source	General Notes	Source
Achagua	túʒunau; éenu (R01)	túʒunau; éenu (R01)		unique; inheritance			See Language page
Aché		čono		unique			See Language page
Aguaruna	ipamát	ipamat		inheritance			See Language page
Akawaio	kormee	kɔrme		inheritance	Akawaio-Pemon		See Language page
Akawaio/Ingariko dialect	kɔrumɛ	kɔrumɛ					See Language page
Andoke	dǝ(ü)doh (RW52)			unique			See Language page
Apalai	konomeru	konomeru		inheritance			See Language page
Arabana	kuraradunjinta			unique
Araona		tili-tili				Tacn form is tiri.	See Language page
Ashuar	ipiamát	ipiamat					See Language page
Ayoreo		'gee-ode uruu-'odeʔ				Lit. 'clouds/rain's words'. Also kučaa ahaamo'mini.	See Language page
Baniwa	éeno	éeno		inheritance			See Language page
Bankalachi Toloim	nim'-yets 209			loan
Barasano	bɨ'hó há-se	bɨ'hó há-se					See Language page
Bardi	jiidam(u)	jiidam(u)		inheritance
Bará		bɨ'po					See Language page
Barí		bihdāri				Colombia: di'korərə.	See Language page
Baure	ṛ̌o'čoṛ̌eow	ṛ̌o'tʃoṛ̌eow		unique			See Language page
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone	to7ompaix, toom-piccih			inheritance
Bora	čʰixčʰi, taʔnáʔo	tʃʰixtʃʰi, taʔnáʔo		inheritance			See Language page
Bunuba	malngirri (also lightning)			unknown
Burarra	durrja			unknown
Cahuilla	tawva-l			inheritance			S&H 1979
Camsa	waxuesajá	waxuesajá					See Language page
Candoshi-Shapra	kariya	karija		unique			See Language page
Canela		hakkoo				Jê form is zako; *zakor.	See Language page
Carapana	bɨ'pó	bɨ'pó					See Language page
Carijona	kahu (thunder, sky) (M2000)			unique			See Language page
Cavineña	tiri-ti-ya	tiri-ti-ya		inheritance/Panoan			See Language page
Cayuvava		čãrãrã					See Language page
Central Aymara	q´ejjo q´ejjo	qʔeχo qʔeχo					See Language page
Central Sierra Miwok	Time:/l-			inheritance
Cha'palaa		'kwidʸa					See Language page
Chipaya		xorxorɲi					See Language page
Chiriguano		ama-r-ɨapu		inheritance			See Language page
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja		#NAME?					See Language page
Chumash Barbareno	soxk'on'			inheritance			Wash 2001:190
Chumash Cruzeno	hoqk'ohon			inheritance			JPH
Chumash Ineseno	s-oxk'on			inheritance			A 247
Chumash Obispeno	(t)pismono “el trueno”			unknown			JPH
Chumash Ventureno	so7oxk'oho “the thunder”(once he writes oqk'oho)			unknown			JPH
Chácobo	tɨrɨ-ʔaina (intransitive form)	tɨrɨ-ʔaina (intransitive form)		inheritance/Panoan			See Language page
Cocopa	shu:ki/r			inheritance
Cofán	tsanda	tsanda				phonemic transcriptions are ESTIMATIONS	See Language page
Comanche	tomojakety			inheritance
Cubeo	õpo	õpo		inheritance			See Language page
Cuiva		jámɨxɨ (busi), huruhúrei	trueno, thunder				Huber & Reed 1992:69
Cupeño	taw$henve'et	[tawşənvəɁət]		inheritance
Desano	bupu	bupu		inheritance			See Language page
Dhangu	[missing]			missing
Dhuwal	wolma
Dhuwala	bulkuŋu			unknown
Diyari	tjiltijindata			loan
DiyariREU	tjiltijindata			loan
Djambarrpuyngu	[missing]			missing
Djapu	[missing]			missing
Djeoromitxi	uhõhõ	uhõhõ					See Language page
Djinang	wulma			unknown
Dâw	pẽy	pæ̃j		inheritance			See Language page
Epena		pa; pa hĩ'waa				The latter 'thunder to.sound'.	See Language page
Ese Ejja		kʷehi ~ kʷehe		unique			See Language page
Ese Ejja/Huarayo	kwehi	kwehi					See Language page
Eñepa	kanoʔ pərən (IDS)	kanoʔ pərən (IDS)		inheritance			See Language page
Gabrielino	tawvar			inheritance
Gajirrabeng	deroorr			unique
Gooniyandi	naya			doubtful loan
Guayabero		ˀíam nahúw (ref. see 'lightning' - ʧamx)		unique			See Language page
Gupapuyngu	bulkuŋu			unknown
Gurindji	turlurlup			loan	Jaminjung
Hodï	co'ai			unique			See Language page
Huambisa	ipamat	ipamat					See Language page
Hup	pǽ̃y	~pǽj		inheritance			See Language page
Ignaciano		tirureka					See Language page
Iipay 'Aa	shuullaw	[şuˑ˅ˈɫau]		unknown
Ingá	triwinu (Spanish loan)	triwinu (Sp loan)					See Language page
Itonama		puyululu				Verbal forms: puyuluʔna; čˀeʔerohnaʔke.	See Language page
Jaru	naya			unique
Kaingang	ta tỹ tỹrỹr he	ta tə̃ tə̃rə̃r hɛ; kɔhun					See Language page
Kakua		ʔeno		loan	Arawak		See Language page
Kalapalo	isilu	isilu		unique			See Language page
Kamayurá	tupã (K12)	tupã (K12)		inheritance			See Language page
Karajarri	djidama			loan	Nyulnyulan
Kariña	konomeru	konomeru	thunder				Yamada 2010:751
Katukina		nai i-					See Language page
Kawaiisu	taza-no7o-ry			unique
Kija	turlturlp			unique
Kiliwa	7-kW-iy-h-mii, ha7=kw=ny=mar kWiy			unknown
Kitanemuk	taoch			inheritance
Kokama	tupa	tupa		inheritance			See Language page
Koreguaje	caraʉ	karaʉ		doubtful loan	Witoto		See Language page
Kotiria	wʉpo (Waltz)	wʉpo (Waltz)		inheritance	E Tuk		See Language page
Kwazá	bɛrɛ-	bɛrɛ-					See Language page
Lake Miwok	ta/alawa			inheritance
Lengua		takha					See Language page
Lokono	akhorakali	akʰorakali	thunder				Fanshawe 1949:58
Luiseño	to:ma-wu-t			inheritance
Maca		texen (m.)					See Language page
Macaguan		kɨɨkɨrre, juwáo		unique			See Language page
Maidu	wity/mty\m,			unknown
Maihiki	mɨja bichi ja	mɨ̃xa bitʃi xã		inheritance			See Language page
Makuna	semantically similar: bʉjo 'thunderstorm' (cf. lightning) and ja-re 'to thunder' (cf. hit, pound/beat)	bɨxo; xa-ɾe		inheritance			See Language page
Makushi	waraʔnapiya taa (IDS)	waraʔnapiya taa (IDS)		inheritance			See Language page
Malyangapa	pirndi			loan direction unknown
Mandawaka	é:nu (R01)	é:nu (R01)					See Language page
Mangala	ilijarduju (T)			unknown
Mapoyo	ka'tawai (same as lightning)	ka'tawai (same as lightning)					See Language page
Mapudungun		ṭ͡ʀalkan				Ranquel form is ṭ͡ʀɨnɨnɨ-, verb.	See Language page
Matses	abu	abu		unknown			See Language page
Minica Witoto	gïrḯ-de	gɯrɯ́-dɛ					See Language page
Miriwung	derroorr			unique	NJ
Mithaka	[missing]			missing
Mocoví		n-alat-aʁa				Lit. 'prefix-rumble-action (nom)'.	See Language page
Mojave	huulas			inheritance
Mosetén-Chimané		behna'yi					See Language page
Movima	wurul-čeɬ	wurul-tʃeɬ					See Language page
Mudburra	durdurdarra
Mudburra	dududarra			loan
Muinane	sísi	sísi					See Language page
Murui Witoto	guru-de	guru-dɛ		inheritance/Witoto			See Language page
Mutsun	Tura:Tarahtak “it's thundering in the sky”			inheritance			O77:92
Máku	ülü						See Language page
Nadëb/Rio Negro dialect		naruk					See Language page
Nadëb/Roçado dialect		daruŋ		unique			See Language page
Napo Lowland Quichua	rayu (Spanish loan)	ɾaju					See Language page
Ngamini	kuRaRamungku			unique
Ngandi	X			missing
Ngarluma	woleberree			unique
Ngumbarl	naia	<naia>		unique
Nheengatu	trovã [Pt loan]	trovã [Pt loan]		loan	Portuguese trovão		See Language page
Nhirrpi	[missing]			missing
Nimanburru	djidam	jidam		inheritance
Ninam	yãrɨ (EM72)	jãɾɨ		inheritance			See Language page
Nisenan	jowwo:			inheritance
Nivaclé		kuukten	thunder				https://ids.clld.org/
Northern Emberá	bá	bá					See Language page
Northern Mangarla	jitama
Northern Nyangumarta	ngurrngurr kurrumunurru			unknown
Northern Paiute	niniaba			unique			Thornes 03:106
Northern Sierra Miwok	tim:e:le-			inheritance
Nukak		hɨhɨ2at1		unique			See Language page
Nyangumarta	katurany			unknown
Nyikina	djidama	jidama		inheritance
Nyulnyul	jidam	jidam		inheritance
Nɨpode Witoto	gïrḯ-de	gɯrɯ́-dɛ					See Language page
Ocaina	am̈unhño	am:ɯ̃ʔɲo		unique			See Language page
Paakantyi	brinda			loan direction unknown
Pacahuara		'naina					See Language page
Paraguayan Guaraní		sunu					See Language page
Paresi	onetalolo	onetalolo		inheritance			See Language page
Pemon	waranapi, korume (A1981)	waɾanapi, koɾume (A1981)		inheritance			See Language page
Piapoco	énu (lightning, thunder, gun)	énu (lightning, thunder, gun)					See Language page
Piaroa	ku'u'pE kue'ɨh	kuɁuɁpæ kueɁɨh		unique			See Language page
Pilagá		n-alim-'aʁa				Lit. 'prefix-sound-action (nom.)'.	See Language page
Pirriya	manimani			unique
Pitta-Pitta	mungka			unique
Plains Miwok	lil:ik			inheritance
Playero		húru -húru-hái					See Language page
Puinave	kudu-kudu i-mo-yu	kudu-kudu i-mo-ju		unique			See Language page
Pumé	tĩba baʊ						See Language page
Páez	capixs	kapiʃ					See Language page
Qawasqar		aryor				Also Ag records keyero, which means 'red' 15.660. Bo, SpC, Gui record takal for Central QWS. Fi, Hy record kayero for South QWS.	See Language page
Resígaro	eénó (R01)	eénó (R01)		inheritance			See Language page
Rirratjingu	[missing]			missing
Ritharrngu	X			missing
Salinan A	T'e/lowA7 (A),			unknown
Salinan M	T'eLxo'			unknown			Mason 1918:133
Sanapaná/Dialect Angaité		takha					See Language page
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet		keɬteŋyaweyaamˀ					See Language page
Sanumá	tsani tə (EM72)	tsani tə		inheritance			See Language page
Secoya	mojopi caji	mõ'hõpi' kahi					See Language page
Selknam		ʔoneri					See Language page
Seri (Comcaac)	iinj			unknown
Serrano	taY:7-T			inheritance
Shipibo-Konibo		ririiti; tirĩ iti					See Language page
Sikuani		já:maxɨ (huru-húru-hai 'el sonido del trueno' - 'sound of thunder)		inheritance	shared Cuiva		See Language page
Siona	mëjo	mɨho		inheritance			See Language page
Siriano	bu'pú	bu'pú					See Language page
Sirionó	si̯eu; eri̯eu; ama ni̯eu; amã ɲẽẽ (the former is the verb, the rest are the noun)	si̯eu; eri̯eu; ama ni̯eu; amã ɲẽẽ		inheritance			See Language page
Southern Paiute	un:ua- “to thunder”			inheritance
Southern Pastaza Quechua	misha	miʃa					See Language page
Southern Sierra Miwok	tim:ele-:li-			inheritance
Southern Ute	tunu7nirY			unknown
Tacana		tiri-tia					See Language page
Tanimuca	wĩ'põã	wĩ'põã		inheritance			See Language page
Tariana	énu	énu		inheritance			See Language page
Tatuyo	bɨ'pó	bɨ'pó					See Language page
Taushiro	je´jovu	xɨʔxowu					See Language page
Tehuelche		ka'rōtˀn ~ ka'rūtˀn					See Language page
Tikuna	nei-dórô (Alv44)	neiʔdóro		unique			See Language page
Tinigua	tihiːkhi						See Language page
Tiriyó	tïrïm	tɨrɨm		inheritance			See Language page
Toba		n-alat-aʁa				Lit. 'prefix-rumble-action (nom)'.	See Language page
Trinitario		#NAME?					See Language page
Tukano	bɨpô	bɨpô		inheritance	E Tuk		See Language page
Tuyuka	bɨ'pó	bɨ'pó					See Language page
Tümpisa Shoshone	toojakai”, toojakaityn			unique
Urarina	aḍzaḍza	atʃatʃa		unique			See Language page
Wai Wai	tarayi	tarayi		inheritance			See Language page
Waikhana	ɨ'po	ɨ'po					See Language page
Waimaja	bɨ́ᵽó	bɨ́ɸó					See Language page
Waimiri Atroari	tarara	tarara					See Language page
Walmajarri	manji			inheritance
Wangkayutyuru	tharupadi-			unique
Waorani	detæ-bo			unique			See Language page
Wapishana	tʰuruwanarɨ	tʰuruwanarɨ		doubtful loan	Portuguese trouvão		See Language page
Wappo	lahya/ke			unknown
Wari	comerem (E&K97)	komerem (E&K97)					See Language page
Warrwa	ganyingana	kanyingana		unknown
Washo	dewhi/wi			unknown			J79, 487
Waurá	enu-c̷itʸa	enu-¢itʸa		inheritance			See Language page
Wayampi	tupã	tupã		inheritance			See Language page
Wayana	taitatai katop	taitatai katop		unique			See Language page
Wayuu		atɨttaa huya (~a-tɨr̃ɨ-ta-)				Also hɨ-tɨr̃ɨ-ľa huya; huya is 'rain' 01.750.	See Language page
Western Mono	toojaga-			inheritance
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay		peɬa-'čˀe					See Language page
Wintu	thumu:ka, thumu:kit, thumu:kus			unknown
Worrorra	jandaria	jandaria		loan	English
Wubuy	ngurrurruwa-			unique
Yabarana		ɜttɨ'ɾikɜɾi					See Language page
Yagua	ruvatarya	ru:vatarja		unique			See Language page
Yaminahua		nai tiri iki				Means 'sky thunders'.	See Language page
Yan-nhangu	[missing]			missing
Yandruwandha	indri, ngandjarri indri,			unique
Yanomam	yãrɨ	jãɾɨ		inheritance			See Language page
Yanomami	yãru	jãɾu		inheritance			See Language page
Yarluyandi	makuwarda			unique
Yavapai	v?u_:v?u_:?ik “thunder sound”			unknown
Yavitero	iye enu	iye enu					See Language page
Yawarrawarrka	nganjarajinkindri			unique
Yawuru	djidama	jidama		inheritance
Yine		hitľohita				'Faint thunder' is wroľoxi.	See Language page
Yokuts Palewyami	longlo			unique			K1963
Yokuts Yawdanchi	t:akaa			unique			K07:243
Yokuts Yowlumne	mimyaTH			inheritance			Golla 1964:65;
Yuhup	pæ̃j	~pæj		inheritance			See Language page
Yuki	7a,la:mal,7ola:mal			inheritance			S&S 1984
Yukpa	kuruk, noskrota, okato, tapana, tampana, toin, tukruyi, toyi						See Language page
Yukuna	pichaní mejé (rayo=?)	pitʃaní mehé (rajo=?)		unique			See Language page
Yuruti	'bɨ́po	'bɨ́po					See Language page
Záparo	maharu	mahaɾu					See Language page


Achagua
Aché
Aguaruna
Akawaio
Akawaio/Ingariko dialect
Andoke
Apalai
Arabana
Araona
Ashuar
Ayoreo
Baniwa
Bankalachi Toloim
Barasano
Bardi
Bará
Barí
Baure
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone
Bora
Bunuba
Burarra
Cahuilla
Camsa
Candoshi-Shapra
Canela
Carapana
Carijona
Cavineña
Cayuvava
Central Aymara
Central Sierra Miwok
Cha'palaa
Chipaya
Chiriguano
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja
Chumash Barbareno
Chumash Cruzeno
Chumash Ineseno
Chumash Obispeno
Chumash Ventureno
Chácobo
Cocopa
Cofán
Comanche
Cubeo
Cuiva
Cupeño
Desano
Dhangu
Dhuwal
Dhuwala
Diyari
DiyariREU
Djambarrpuyngu
Djapu
Djeoromitxi
Djinang
Dâw
Epena
Ese Ejja
Ese Ejja/Huarayo
Eñepa
Gabrielino
Gajirrabeng
Gooniyandi
Guayabero
Gupapuyngu
Gurindji
Hodï
Huambisa
Hup
Ignaciano
Iipay 'Aa
Ingá
Itonama
Jaru
Kaingang
Kakua
Kalapalo
Kamayurá
Karajarri
Kariña
Katukina
Kawaiisu
Kija
Kiliwa
Kitanemuk
Kokama
Koreguaje
Kotiria
Kwazá
Lake Miwok
Lengua
Lokono
Luiseño
Maca
Macaguan
Maidu
Maihiki
Makuna
Makushi
Malyangapa
Mandawaka
Mangala
Mapoyo
Mapudungun
Matses
Minica Witoto
Miriwung
Mithaka
Mocoví
Mojave
Mosetén-Chimané
Movima
Mudburra
Mudburra
Muinane
Murui Witoto
Mutsun
Máku
Nadëb/Rio Negro dialect
Nadëb/Roçado dialect
Napo Lowland Quichua
Ngamini
Ngandi
Ngarluma
Ngumbarl
Nheengatu
Nhirrpi
Nimanburru
Ninam
Nisenan
Nivaclé
Northern Emberá
Northern Mangarla
Northern Nyangumarta
Northern Paiute
Northern Sierra Miwok
Nukak
Nyangumarta
Nyikina
Nyulnyul
Nɨpode Witoto
Ocaina
Paakantyi
Pacahuara
Paraguayan Guaraní
Paresi
Pemon
Piapoco
Piaroa
Pilagá
Pirriya
Pitta-Pitta
Plains Miwok
Playero
Puinave
Pumé
Páez
Qawasqar
Resígaro
Rirratjingu
Ritharrngu
Salinan A
Salinan M
Sanapaná/Dialect Angaité
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet
Sanumá
Secoya
Selknam
Seri (Comcaac)
Serrano
Shipibo-Konibo
Sikuani
Siona
Siriano
Sirionó
Southern Paiute
Southern Pastaza Quechua
Southern Sierra Miwok
Southern Ute
Tacana
Tanimuca
Tariana
Tatuyo
Taushiro
Tehuelche
Tikuna
Tinigua
Tiriyó
Toba
Trinitario
Tukano
Tuyuka
Tümpisa Shoshone
Urarina
Wai Wai
Waikhana
Waimaja
Waimiri Atroari
Walmajarri
Wangkayutyuru
Waorani
Wapishana
Wappo
Wari
Warrwa
Washo
Waurá
Wayampi
Wayana
Wayuu
Western Mono
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay
Wintu
Worrorra
Wubuy
Yabarana
Yagua
Yaminahua
Yan-nhangu
Yandruwandha
Yanomam
Yanomami
Yarluyandi
Yavapai
Yavitero
Yawarrawarrka
Yawuru
Yine
Yokuts Palewyami
Yokuts Yawdanchi
Yokuts Yowlumne
Yuhup
Yuki
Yukpa
Yukuna
Yuruti
Záparo

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