Languages of hunter-gatherers and their neighbors

when?

Semantic Field
grammar
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish
cuando
Meaning Portuguese
quando

Languages

Language Orthographic Form Phonemicized Form Gloss as in Source Etymology Code Proto-Form Proto-Language Loan Source Wanderwort Status Etyma Set Etymology Notes General Notes Source
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone himpai, himpe inheritance
Cahuilla mipa unknown S&H 1979
Central Sierra Miwok mi-ta\-n inheritance
Chemehuevi hano/k(o) inheritance
Chumash Barbareno ashnim inheritance Beeler 1978
Chumash Cruzeno homi7inI inheritance JPH
Chumash Ineseno asnym inheritance A 177
Chumash Obispeno 7amy unknown JPH
Chumash Ventureno 7asnym, ki7ashnym (3(69)oo16L) unknown Harrington 1974:7
Cocopa knyayu/m inheritance
Comanche hipe inheritance
Cupeño mi-pa [mipə] inheritance
Gabrielino hami:ngko- inheritance
Iipay 'Aa kumyum, ma'yum [kʊmˈjʊm], [maɁˈjʊm] unknown
Kawaiisu ha-na-7oko inheritance
Kiliwa 7-mat=p=7i-m unknown
Kitanemuk hinipa7 inheritance
Lake Miwok hi/ntikat inheritance
Luiseño mi:ki-nga inheritance
Maidu hesa/nteni inheritance
Mojave kanyaduum inheritance
Mutsun hinwa unknown O77:84, 315
Northern Paiute hanano inheritance Thornes 03:188
Northern Sierra Miwok mitan inheritance
Salinan A kacta- p. 35 unknown
Salinan M prefix?? missing
Seri (Comcaac) zi/mjOc unknown
Serrano hai:pa7n inheritance
Southern Paiute an:oq:o- inheritance
Southern Sierra Miwok mi-taH- inheritance
Southern Ute ano” inheritance
Tümpisa Shoshone himpe inheritance
Wappo 7i/ha7 unknown
Washo gute/:shngahe/:sh “when?” unknown J?
Western Mono hino7o (is this ? JHH) inheritance
Wintu he:s inheritance
Yavapai kanyyu^me_? inheritance
Yokuts Yawdanchi haudau unknown K07:228
Yuki 7i:win inheritance S&S 1984
Baniwa koame kawálhi? koame kawálhi? unknown See Language page
Carijona ətɨtawə unique See Language page
Cubeo aipiyede aipijede unique See Language page
Dâw rata’ hataʔ unique See Language page
Desano doʔ'pã́rĩkɨ̃ doʔ'pã́rĩkɨ̃ inheritance See Language page
Eñepa sɨnkae-ya; sɨnka-ya-wo (IDS) sɨnkae-ja; sɨnka-ja-wo (IDS) inheritance See Language page
Hodï tolã unique See Language page
Waorani æ-yedẽ-dõ unique See Language page
Hup hɨ̃-m'ǽ ~hɨ-~b'ǽ unique See Language page
Kakua dédn=bǔ inheritance same as 'where' See Language page
Makushi ɨʔ pensa (IDS) ɨʔ pensa (IDS) unique See Language page
Nheengatu ramẽ, maramẽ (ma=mã´ã=coisa, ramẽ=quando) ramẽ, maramẽ (ma=mãʔã=coisa, ramẽ=quando) inheritance See Language page
Ninam haperi thəm (EM72) hapeɾi tʰəm unique See Language page
Nukak dee3maniʔ4 unique See Language page
Maihiki quenu kenu inheritance See Language page
Pemon e daktai (A1981); okyatai (E1977); ö'da'tai (M2000) e daktai, (A1981); okʎatai (E1977) unknown See Language page
Resígaro hidee?tsí hideeʔtsí unknown See Language page
Sanumá mina kə, wena kə kutote (EM72) mina kə, wena kə kutote unique See Language page
Sikuani pa-kúhinae inheritance See Language page
Tukano deʔró niikã́ deʔró niikã́ inheritance E Tuk See Language page
Kotiria do'se doʔse inheritance E Tuk See Language page
Yanomam wɨti thəm wɨti tʰəm inheritance See Language page
Yanomami weti tëhë weti təhə inheritance See Language page
Yukuna mékechami méketʃami unique See Language page
Yuhup hɨ̃-tɔh ~hɨ-tɔh unique See Language page
Arabana unkulu unique
Bardi -gar -karr inheritance
Bunuba nginjayha unknown
Burarra [missing] missing
Dhangu [missing] missing
Dhuwal nhätha
Dhuwala nhätha inheritance
Diyari winhtha inheritance
DiyariREU unkulu loan
Djambarrpuyngu [missing] missing
Djapu [missing] missing
Djinang nyadji inheritance
Gajirrabeng gawoothag inheritance
Gooniyandi [missing] missing
Gupapuyngu nhätha inheritance
Gurindji nyangurla inheritance
Jabirr-Jabirr -gar -karr inheritance
Jaru nyangulala inheritance
Karajarri nyangara inheritance
Kija kapukana inheritance
Malyangapa Mal: wintju inheritance
Mangala nyangal-nga loan Nyulnyulan
Miriwung gawoothag inheritance
Mithaka winytyala unique
Mudburra nyangu(r)la
Mudburra nyangula inheritance
Ngamini wintja inheritance
Ngandi mala-itjwo unique
Ngarluma nhalawarra unique
Ngumbarl banna <banna> inheritance
Nhirrpi [missing] missing
Nimanburru -gar -karr inheritance
Northern Mangarla nyangal-nga
Northern Nyangumarta nyanga inheritance
Nyangumarta nyanga inheritance
Nyikina bana bana inheritance
Nyulnyul -gar -karr inheritance
Paakantyi [missing] missing
Pirriya [missing] missing
Pitta-Pitta winku unique
Rirratjingu [missing] missing
Ritharrngu nhaathang inheritance
Walmajarri nyangurla inheritance
Wangkayutyuru winkulu unique
Warrwa bana bana inheritance
Wubuy lhal-ngargu unique
Yan-nhangu nhätha inheritance
Yandruwandha ngara, walpi unique
Yarluyandi wintja inheritance
Yawarrawarrka wintja inheritance
Yawuru bana-gara bana-karra inheritance
Achagua na: na: semantic shift from 'what' See Language page
Piapoco càicaalíná, chácaalíná kàikaalíná, tʃákaalíná See Language page
Yavitero ájetsa, játsa ájetsa, játsa See Language page
Bare ika-buɻe ika-buɻe See Language page
Wapishana naʔapainim naʔapainim unique See Language page
Wayuu ouha See Language page
Yine hikľɨ See Language page
Paresi otene, aliyeheko otene, alijeheko unique See Language page
Ignaciano 'tahamuʔu See Language page
Trinitario taha-muʔi; kaeera See Language page
Baure kaeerapoka kaeerapoka inheritance See Language page
Waurá ka-ic̷a-wa-ki-ya ka-i¢a-wa-ki-ja unique See Language page
Cha'palaa 'naa-ma See Language page
Bora -kʰookʰa, mḯixʸḯʔxáa -kʰookʰa, mɯ́ixʲɯ́ʔxáa inheritance See Language page
Muinane (kú)súmi (kú)súmi See Language page
Akawaio ökratai öʔra'taɪ inheritance Akawaio-Pemon See Language page
Akawaio/Ingariko dialect a'tai (SM) aʔtai (SM) See Language page
Apalai ahtao, otãtahtao, tahtao, tãtahtao ahtao, otãtahtao, tahtao, tãtahtao inheritance See Language page
Wayana talaptau talaptau inheritance See Language page
Tiriyó eekanmao eekanmao unique See Language page
Makiritare əičənnāwəkəɨ (IDS) əičənnāwəkəɨ (IDS) inheritance See Language page
Mapoyo tonwaraya tonwaraja See Language page
Wai Wai ahče-maw ahče-maw unique See Language page
Waimiri Atroari apia iaky apia iakɨ See Language page
Yabarana ekkwaɾi'ʝawa See Language page
Yukpa totpe See Language page
Muisca fesua pesua See Language page
Barí aaibi See Language page
Northern Emberá sã́mbe sã́mbe See Language page
Epena sãa'pai; sãa'weda Respectively: in future; in past. See Language page
Guayabero mas-wɨ́t unique See Language page
Macaguan ipokén inheritance Central+Macaguan subgroup See Language page
Cuiva é-ta poxónae cuando, when int., poxonae Huber & Reed 1992:303
Playero ínʧa honéta See Language page
Cofán maqui maki phonemic transcriptions are ESTIMATIONS See Language page
Páez manch mantʃ See Language page
Tikuna nuxgu [5, 4] nuʔgu unique See Language page
Urarina hana hana unique See Language page
Camsa or or See Language page
Andoke híbo-pʌʌ́ híbo-pʌʌ́ unique See Language page
Pumé nüparö See Language page
Puinave bəi-dik bat bəi-dik bat unique See Language page
Ashuar warútia warutia See Language page
Huambisa urutia urutia See Language page
Aguaruna wajutí, wajutíya waxuti, waxutija inheritance See Language page
Matses mitsino mitsino inheritance See Language page
Katukina hawɨ-tiã-ra See Language page
Yaminahua aβɨtĩa...-mɨ̃ See Language page
Chácobo hɨ-nino hɨ-nino unknown See Language page
Yagua nutyerivye nu:tjerivje unique See Language page
Southern Pastaza Quechua imawras imawɾas See Language page
Ingá imauatak imauatak See Language page
Napo Lowland Quichua ima uras ima uɾas See Language page
Quechua Ayacuchano haykapi, haykap hajkapi, hajkap See Language page
Piaroa ko'me'na' koɁmeɁnaɁ unknown See Language page
Bará de'ero bi'iri See Language page
Barasano dṍ kṍ-rõ, di-ka dṍ kṍ-rõ, di-ka See Language page
Carapana 'dṍṍ-kã́rõ, di-wa'tóa 'dṍṍ-kã́rõ, di-wa'tóa See Language page
Makuna dõ kãtã dõ kãtã inheritance See Language page
Yuruti dõ'kã́watoa dõ'kã́watoa See Language page
Waikhana dɨʔ'se i'higɨ̃ dɨʔ'se i'higɨ̃ See Language page
Siriano dí-poe dí-poe See Language page
Tanimuca bãrã pa'ti bãrã pa'ti inheritance See Language page
Tatuyo 'dõo-'kõo 'dõo-'kõo See Language page
Tuyuka de'é-biri de'é-biri See Language page
Waimaja dõ'kṍrṍ, 'díí watoa dõ'kṍrṍ, 'díí watoa See Language page
Koreguaje jeerʉmʉ, kerʉmʉ xeerʉmʉ, kerʉmʉ inheritance See Language page
Siona quejeito keheito inheritance See Language page
Secoya jesoe hɛsoɛ See Language page
Karitiana tikat tikat unknown See Language page
Kokama mañapucatipa maɲapucatipa inheritance See Language page
Wayampi manɨwɔ-lɛmɛ̃ manɨwɔ-lɛmɛ̃ inheritance See Language page
Aché matɨ rõ inheritance See Language page
Chiriguano kerẽi-ɲãwe-pa inheritance See Language page
Paraguayan Guaraní arakaʔe See Language page
Sirionó manose (P85) manose inheritance See Language page
Kamayurá maramuẽ maramuẽ inheritance See Language page
Ocaina dzoʔ-kã, dzoʔ-aa dzoʔ-kã, dzoʔ-aa unknown See Language page
Nɨpode Witoto nï-rúi-do nɯ-rúi-do See Language page
Minica Witoto nï-rúi-do nɯ-rúi-do See Language page
Murui Witoto nɨrui, nɨruido nɯrui, nɯruido (B83) inheritance/Witotoan See Language page
Iquito jɨ'ɨticari hɨ'ɨtikari inheritance See Language page
Záparo tiyakari tijakaɾi See Language page
Araona kʷipac̷io; kec̷io, c̷io 'How long a period of time?' is kec̷ono. See Language page
Ese Ejja -ho; ačešono inheritance See Language page
Ese Ejja/Huarayo ače šono ače šono See Language page
Tacana lagi See Language page
Cavineña ehe-c̷ono ehe-čono inheritance See Language page
Central Aymara kunapacha kunarsa See Language page
Cayuvava kera- See Language page
Itonama kote See Language page
Mosetén-Chimané hund'siʔ See Language page
Movima eɬ-lomah eɬ-lomah See Language page
Trumai hele=tsis hele=tsis unique See Language page
Kaingang kə̃ (IDS) kə̃ See Language page
Canela hakkʰa; yakʰaa *Jê form is *za-ka. See Language page
Karajá tiu; u See Language page
Djeoromitxi hatxiä hatʃiǝ See Language page
Chipaya č̣ʰulora See Language page
Mocoví lagi See Language page
Pilagá 'haiʔči gaʔme noloʔ See Language page
Toba lagi See Language page
Sanapaná/Dialect Angaité inkai akwaam See Language page
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay eeʔ ho'te 'nahi See Language page
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja napa-we See Language page
Maca pan ipɬuʔ-u-kˀuy See Language page
Nivaclé ta tˀeɬeš when? https://ids.clld.org/
Ayoreo gee'de 'dee-hi rike e Means 'Where was the sun?' See Language page
Mapudungun čumɨl Same form in Ranquel. See Language page
Qawasqar aḳwac̷ḳyoḳ See Language page
Selknam kiṣ ḳ haʔyuk See Language page
Tehuelche 'kenoš < ['kenus] See Language page
Lokono kha kʰa when Pet 1987:377
Kariña ohten ohten when Yamada 2010:782