Languages of hunter-gatherers and their neighbors

water

Semantic Field
environment
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish
agua
Meaning Portuguese
agua

Languages

Language Orthographic Form Phonemicized Form Gloss as in Source Etymology Code Proto-Form Proto-Language Loan Source Wanderwort Status Etyma Set Etymology Notes General Notes Source
Bankalachi Toloim pahl' 205; bal (K1907) inheritance
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone paa inheritance
Cahuilla pa-l inheritance S&H 1979
Central Sierra Miwok ki/k:y- inheritance
Chemehuevi paa inheritance
Chumash Barbareno 7o7 inheritance Klar 1977:115
Chumash Cruzeno mihi inheritance Klar 1977:82
Chumash Ineseno 7o7 inheritance Klar 1977:115
Chumash Obispeno to7 inheritance Klar 1977:115
Chumash Ventureno 7o inheritance Klar 1977:115
Cocopa xa inheritance
Comanche paa, pai inheritance
Cupeño pa-l [pal] inheritance
Esselen asa/snax,; asa-nax loan Shaul 1995:219
Gabrielino pa:r inheritance
Iipay 'Aa 'ehaa [Ɂəˈxaˑ] inheritance
Kawaiisu po7o inheritance
Kiliwa 7-xa7 inheritance
Kitanemuk pach inheritance
Lake Miwok ki/ik inheritance
Luiseño pa:l inheritance
Maidu mo\mi/ inheritance
Mojave 7aha, 7ahavir inheritance
Mutsun si: inheritance O77:49
Nisenan mom inheritance
Northern Paiute paa inheritance Thornes 03:113
Northern Sierra Miwok kik:y- inheritance
Plains Miwok ki:k inheritance
Salinan A (t)ca7, tcha7 (A), unknown
Salinan M Thca', tHca', tcHxa' unknown Mason 1918:132
Seri (Comcaac) hax (fresh) unknown
Serrano pa:-T inheritance
Southern Paiute pa:-S inheritance
Southern Sierra Miwok kik:y- inheritance
Southern Ute paa, paarI7i inheritance
Tübatulabal paa-l inheritance
Tümpisa Shoshone paa(ttsi) inheritance
Wappo me/y loan
Washo i/me7 unknown J556
Western Mono pa/ya inheritance
Wintu me:m inheritance
Yavapai ?ha inheritance
Yokuts Palewyami 7elik' inheritance JPH &W&G
Yokuts Yawdanchi 7itikH inheritance K07:243
Yokuts Yowlumne 7ilik' inheritance K 1963, W&G
Yuki 7u:k, 7u7uk loan into protolanguage S&S 1984
Yuma 7axa/ H2:151 inheritance
Baniwa óoni úuni inheritance See Language page
Carijona tuna inheritance See Language page
Cubeo oco oko inheritance See Language page
Dâw nâáx nǝ̌x inheritance See Language page
Desano deco de ko inheritance See Language page
Eñepa tɨna tɨna inheritance See Language page
Hodï au unique See Language page
Waorani æ-pæ̃ unique See Language page
Hup děh děh inheritance See Language page
Kakua maʔ unique See Language page
Makushi tuna tuna inheritance See Language page
Nheengatu i'i ii iʔi, ii (the two differ by refering to one water being considered fresher than the other) inheritance See Language page
Ninam maup, maɨp (EM72) maup, maɨp (EM72) inheritance See Language page
Nukak kaan2de1 unique See Language page
Maihiki oco ja oko xã inheritance See Language page
Pemon tuna (A1981) tuna (A1981) inheritance See Language page
Resígaro hooní hooní inheritance See Language page
Sanumá maatu (EM72) maatu (EM72) unique See Language page
Sikuani mé:ra inheritance See Language page
Tariana úni, úːni úni, úːni inheritance See Language page
Tukano ocó okó inheritance E-W Tuk See Language page
Kotiria ko kóo (stenz) inheritance E-W Tuk See Language page
Yanomam maup (EM72) maup inheritance See Language page
Yanomami maũ ũ, maaupə (EM72) maũ ũ, ma:upə (EM72) inheritance See Language page
Yukuna juni húni inheritance See Language page
Yuhup dêh dêh inheritance See Language page
Arabana kutha inheritance
Bardi uula uula inheritance
Bunuba garuwa unknown
Burarra bugula unknown
Dhangu gutjark loan
Dhuwal gutjark loan
Dhuwala wakutu(') unknown
Diyari ngapa inheritance
DiyariREU ngapa inheritance
Djambarrpuyngu 284 unknown
Djapu gutjark loan
Djinang djurumuḻ unknown
Gajirrabeng gabeng unique
Gooniyandi gamba unique
Gunin ngawa ngawa loan into proto-language?
Gupapuyngu wakutu(') unknown
Gurindji ngawa inheritance
Jabirr-Jabirr wul wul inheritance
Jaru ngaba inheritance
Jawi orla orrla inheritance
Karajarri ngapa inheritance
Kija kurlu- inheritance
Malyangapa nocho inheritance
Mangala kankinyjangka unknown
Miriwung gelung inheritance
Mithaka ngapa inheritance
Mudburra nguku
Mudburra nguku loan Alawa
Ngamini ngapa inheritance
Ngandi bun- gu-jark unique
Ngarluma baba
Ngumbarl woola, oola <woola, oola> inheritance
Nhirrpi ngapa inheritance
Nimanburru wol wol inheritance
Northern Mangarla kaninyjangka
Northern Nyangumarta ngapa inheritance
Nyangumarta wanayirti inheritance
Nyikina wila wila inheritance
Nyulnyul wu(r)l wu(r)l inheritance
Paakantyi ŋugu inheritance
Pirriya kaku unique
Pitta-Pitta ngapu inheritance
Rirratjingu gapu, wakudu inheritance
Ritharrngu gutjark loan
Walmajarri ngapa inheritance
Wangkayutyuru kutha loan
Warrwa wela, wila wela, wila inheritance
Wubuy guugu unique
Wunambal ngawa, ja:wal (C40) ngawa, ja:wal (C40) loan into proto-language?
Yan-nhangu gapu inheritance
Yandruwandha ngapa inheritance
Yarluyandi ngapa inheritance
Yawarrawarrka ngapa inheritance
Yawuru wula wula inheritance
Achagua ʃiátai ʃiátai unique See Language page
Piapoco ú(u)ni ú(u)ni See Language page
Kabiyari úuni úuni See Language page
Yavitero weni weni (=river) See Language page
Bare ũni ũni See Language page
Wapishana wɨnɨ wɨnɨ inheritance Proto-Arawak See Language page
Mandawaka ú:ni ú:ni See Language page
Wayuu wɨin paľaa refers to sea water. kučisa refers to rain water. See Language page
Yine ha; honɨ 'Churning water' is pomča. 'Fluid' is xha; xpa. See Language page
Paresi one one inheritance See Language page
Ignaciano une 'Liquid' is amairi-ama; -(a)ma is the shape class suffix for 'water, liquid'. See Language page
Trinitario une; -'une-ra Possessed form, 'nunera 'my water' (for drinking). 'Liquid' is unʸomo. See Language page
Baure in in inheritance See Language page
Waurá unɨ unɨ inheritance See Language page
Arutani akohã (also used for rain) akohã (also used for rain) See Language page
Sape nam nam See Language page
Cha'palaa pi 'Rain water' is 'šu-pi; 'clear water' is 'iš-pi. See Language page
Bora nḯ-xphakhyo nɯ́-xphakhjo inheritance See Language page
Muinane ɸaiʔu, nɨ́-ɸáíʔu {water-liquid/gas} ɸaiʔu, nɨ́-ɸáíʔu {water-liquid/gas} See Language page
Akawaio tuuna tuna inheritance Proto-Carib See Language page
Akawaio/Ingariko dialect tuna tuna See Language page
Apalai tuna tuna inheritance See Language page
Wayana tuna tuna inheritance See Language page
Tiriyó tuna tuna inheritance See Language page
Makiritare tuna (IDS, KH) tuna inheritance See Language page
Mapoyo tuna tuna See Language page
Wai Wai tuuna tuuna inheritance See Language page
Waimiri Atroari syna sɨna See Language page
Yabarana tuna See Language page
Yukpa ku'na See Language page
Kalapalo tuwa; tűwakoŋofo tuwa; tűwakoŋofo inheritance See Language page
Muisca sie sie See Language page
Barí šiima Colombia: šimənə. *Chibchan form is *'diʔ. *Chibchan forms for 'liquid' are *di- and *'li. See Language page
Northern Emberá bháidho bháidho See Language page
Epena pa'nia See Language page
Guayabero min inheritance Proto-Guahiban See Language page
Macaguan men inheritance Proto-Guahiban See Language page
Cuiva méra agua, water Huber & Reed 1992:48
Cofán tsa´ccu tsaʔkʰɯ phonemic transcriptions are ESTIMATIONS See Language page
Candoshi-Shapra kógó kónkó unique See Language page
Taushiro vei wɨi See Language page
Páez yo yo See Language page
Tikuna dexa [3-5, 1] deʔa unique See Language page
Urarina akaʉ akaʉ unknown cf. similar forms in Tukanoan, Zaparo, Quechua See Language page
Camsa buyísh buχiʃ See Language page
Andoke dú'u dúʔu unique See Language page
Pumé uí See Language page
Puinave ɨt ɨt unique See Language page
Máku naʔme naʔme See Language page
Warao ho ho See Language page
Ashuar yúmi jumi See Language page
Huambisa entsa ɨntsa See Language page
Aguaruna yúmi júmi inheritance See Language page
Nadëb/Roçado dialect naʔǝŋ inheritance See Language page
Nadëb/Rio Negro dialect naʔǝŋ See Language page
Matses acte akte unknown See Language page
Kakataibo ʔõ'paṣ̌ Means 'water in container'. *Panoan *ʔomapaṣ̌a; *waka. *Panoan *ɨnɨ with related meanings 'liquid, broth, river'. See Language page
Katukina waka See Language page
Pacahuara 'hɨnɨ d'Orb xene, ene, jene. Heath xéne, xene, {jé-ne}. Arm xene, jene. See Language page
Shipibo-Konibo hɨnɨ; õpaṣ̌; na-; nɨ- First form refers to water in natural state. See Language page
Yaminahua βaka [waʔa] Also means 'river' 01.360. See 'soup' ɨnɨ 05.640; 'milk' 05.860, also means 'liquid, water'. See Language page
Chácobo hɨ-nɨ hɨ-nɨ inheritance See Language page
Yagua ja xa unique See Language page
Southern Pastaza Quechua yacu jaku See Language page
Ingá iaku iaku See Language page
Napo Lowland Quichua yacu jaku See Language page
Quechua Ayacuchano yaku yaku See Language page
Piaroa ajiya ahija unknown See Language page
Sáliva caha kaʔa unknown See Language page
Bará o'ko See Language page
Barasano oko oko See Language page
Carapana oco ɔkɔ See Language page
Makuna ide ide unique See Language page
Yuruti óko óko See Language page
Waikhana a'ko a'ko See Language page
Siriano decó de kó See Language page
Tanimuca o'koa o'koa inheritance See Language page
Tatuyo óko óko See Language page
Tuyuka o'ko oʔko See Language page
Waimaja ókʰó ókʰó See Language page
Koreguaje oko okho inheritance See Language page
Siona ʔoko ʔoko inheritance See Language page
Secoya oco ɔh'k'ɔ See Language page
Karitiana ese ese unknown See Language page
Kokama uni uni loan Arawak See Language page
Wayampi ɨɨ ɨɨ inheritance See Language page
Aché ɨʔɨ inheritance See Language page
Chiriguano ɨ (> ɨɨ) inheritance See Language page
Paraguayan Guaraní ɨ See Language page
Sirionó i; ama i; ama inheritance See Language page
Kamayurá ˀɨ ˀɨ inheritance See Language page
Ocaina noon(jun) ɲõõ(hɯ̃) unknown See Language page
Nɨpode Witoto háïnoi háɯnoi See Language page
Minica Witoto háïnoi háɯnoi See Language page
Murui Witoto hïnui hɯnui inheritance/Witotoan See Language page
Iquito aáca aáka unknown cf. similar forms Tukanoan, Quechua, Ticuna See Language page
Záparo murichaha muɾitʃaha See Language page
Wari kom (komišiʔ) kom (komiʃiʔ) See Language page
Araona e-na; eowi Respectively: river w. (also means 'liquid'); potable w. To water something is kʷiso; name; zaza. *Tacn form is *ena. See Language page
Ese Ejja ena inheritance See Language page
Ese Ejja/Huarayo e-'na e-'na See Language page
Tacana yawi 'Liquid' is na; 'rainwater' is nai, see 'rain' 01.750. See Language page
Cavineña e-na e-na inheritance See Language page
Central Aymara uma uma See Language page
Cayuvava ta; kita; dabe 'The water' is ki-dabe. 'Liquid' is ki-ta-re; 'juicy' is kunu. See Language page
Itonama wanuʔwe 'A current of water' is sululu. See Language page
Kwazá hã, -mã- hã, -mã- See Language page
Mosetén-Chimané uh'ɲi Also means 'river' 01.360. See Language page
Movima tomi tomi See Language page
Trumai misu misu unique See Language page
Kaingang goj ŋoy See Language page
Suyá ŋó ŋó See Language page
Karajá be; bera See Language page
Djeoromitxi bziru bziru See Language page
Chipaya ḳʰaš Uru-J form is ḳʰaši. Uru-I form is ḳoši. See Language page
Mocoví waʁayaḳ See Language page
Pilagá noʁop See Language page
Toba ʔet-aʁat Lit. 'drink-item (masc.)'. See Language page
Lengua yiŋmin See Language page
Sanapaná/Dialect Angaité yimin See Language page
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet yeŋmen; ayeŋmenek See Language page
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay i'not See Language page
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja anat See Language page
Maca iweli (m.) See Language page
Nivaclé inɔʔt water Arribeños dialect has innaʔt. https://ids.clld.org/
Ayoreo yoo'di See Language page
Mapudungun ko Same form in Ranquel. See Language page
Qawasqar c̷efa-lay Also akc̷awes; akc̷o-lay. Bo records akc̷o-lay for Central QWS. AgC, Gus, Sk, Bo, Be, SpC, Cy record akc̷o-kwar for Central QWS. All these forms also mean 'drink'. Fi, Hy, SpS record c̷awas for South QWS. See Language page
Selknam čòhwn See Language page
Tehuelche 'leʔ Also means 'drink' 05.130. See Language page
Lokono iniabo iniabo water Pet 1987:376
Kariña tuna tuna water; river Yamada 2010:814