Languages of hunter-gatherers and their neighbors

lung

Semantic Field
body
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish
pulmón
Meaning Portuguese
pulmão

Languages

Language Orthographic Form Phonemicized Form Gloss as in Source Etymology Code Proto-Form Proto-Language Loan Source Wanderwort Status Etyma Set Etymology Notes General Notes Source
Bankalachi Toloim iCH'-kin, mah'-so-hahn 177 unknown
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone sonko inheritance
Cahuilla yavayva unique S&H 1979
Central Sierra Miwok po/shkaly- inheritance
Chemehuevi soo/v(i), soo/g(y) inheritance
Chumash Barbareno stot loan direction unknown Beeler 1978
Cocopa nymya:S unknown
Comanche soomo inheritance
Cupeño -qiqilyve [qiqiʎvə] unknown
Gabrielino 7a$a:r; inheritance
Iipay 'Aa chehwaall, iichih [ʦəˈxʷaˑɫ], [iˑˈʧɪɰ̥] unknown
Kawaiisu soo-vy inheritance
Kiliwa nkhwal, x-7_kwiiy=waa-u7 inheritance
Kitanemuk shongach inheritance
Lake Miwok po/SSol “lungs” inheritance
Luiseño sava/-sva-sh inheritance
Maidu huhu/ inheritance
Mojave chakwathath unknown
Mutsun honaS (CHM) unknown NW (CHM)
Nisenan huhu: Ultan 1964 inheritance
Northern Paiute so'ngo inheritance Nichols 1974:177
Northern Sierra Miwok pohkal-y- inheritance
Plains Miwok pohkal, poh:ol inheritance
Salinan A ck'o/7il (A), “lung, gizzard” unknown
Salinan M to/hul 'lung, gizzard' unknown Mason 1918:128
Seri (Comcaac) isct unknown
Serrano a-$unga loan Stubbs08:205
Southern Paiute soo-S inheritance
Southern Sierra Miwok pohkal- inheritance
Southern Ute so”o”vY inheritance
Tübatulabal moshoohat unknown
Tümpisa Shoshone somo, songwo inheritance
Wappo cho/pha loan
Washo dap'a/:p'ysh unknown J84
Western Mono so/no inheritance
Wintu lyoso unknown
Yavapai chkWa/l “lungs” inheritance
Yokuts Palewyami co\mat inheritance K 1963
Yokuts Yawdanchi comot 241 inheritance K07:241
Yokuts Yowlumne haSbay'al doubtful loan K 1963 N1, N1964
Yuki 7o7oTam, 7o:Tam inheritance S&S 1984
Baniwa ttáattani t̪áat̪ani unique See Language page
Carijona eresosobə (SM) inheritance See Language page
Cubeo vʉibo vɨibo unique See Language page
Dâw ‘woók w’ɔ̌k unique See Language page
Desano sĩaĩdiru (contains a form of sĩaĩ-ri 'to breathe') sĩaĩdiɾu unique See Language page
Eñepa -kupu-; -y-awaaso- (IDS) -kupu-; -j-awaaso- (IDS) inheritance See Language page
Hodï woihlo tiha (plural) unique See Language page
Waorani wĩdõta unique See Language page
Hup hɔ wowǒw’ hɔ wowǒw’ unique See Language page
Kakua ʧǎâ inheritance See Language page
Makushi u-yarakku (IDS) u-yarakku (IDS) inheritance N Amaz subgroup See Language page
Nheengatu angariru, piayawewa´á angaɾiɾu, piajawewaʔá unique; unique See Language page
Nukak tʃaa2tʃaa2hat1 inheritance See Language page
Maihiki maɨbɨ ja maɨbɨ xã unique See Language page
Pemon darurupue (A1981) daɾuɾupue (A1981) unique shared Akawaio See Language page
Resígaro váfó?ootsí váfóʔootsí loan Ocaina? See Language page
Sikuani kafofowi (2) inheritance See Language page
Tariana karahtá karahtá unique See Language page
Tukano ehéribĩ-rĩ ahuro ehéribĩ-rĩ ahuro inheritance See Language page
Kotiria yajeri naria; yajeri sãaria (all Waltz) jajeri naɾia; jajeɾi sãaɾia (all Waltz) inheritance Branch 2, E Tuk See Language page
Yanomami herekɨ heɾekɨ unknown See Language page
Yukuna maja'ajéreji mahaʔahérehi unique See Language page
Yuhup pu pûh pu pûh inheritance See Language page
Arabana bunnga inheritance
Bardi aalarn aalarn inheritance
Bunuba gawu loan
Burarra -jikwich doubtful loan Yolngu djikiwitj
Dhangu burrwutj inheritance
Dhuwal burrwutj
Dhuwala burrgutj inheritance
Diyari punnga inheritance
DiyariREU [missing] missing
Djambarrpuyngu burrwutj semantic shift
Djapu [missing] missing
Djinang birarrgirarr unknown
Gajirrabeng jawarrgang loan Jaminjung
Gooniyandi kawoo loan
Gupapuyngu burrgutj inheritance
Gurindji yaya unique
Jaru rawungu unique
Karajarri wangalwangal inheritance
Kija kawu-m inheritance
Malyangapa yarka inheritance
Mangala ralyuralyu inheritance
Miriwung gawoogawoong inheritance
Mithaka muRali inheritance
Mudburra jaalyakbalyaku
Mudburra yaya unique
Ngamini [missing] missing
Ngandi X missing
Ngarluma walharn
Ngumbarl barrja barrja semantic shift
Nhirrpi muRali inheritance
Nimanburru walan walan inheritance
Northern Mangarla [missing] missing
Northern Nyangumarta wangalwangal inheritance
Nyangumarta ralyu-ralyu inheritance
Nyikina wangalwangal wangalwangal inheritance
Nyulnyul barrij barrij inheritance
Paakantyi ḏalga unique
Pirriya [missing] missing
Pitta-Pitta [missing] missing
Rirratjingu [missing] missing
Ritharrngu warr'warr loan
Walmajarri kawu loan
Wangkayutyuru [missing] missing
Warrwa buu buu inheritance
Wubuy warr inheritance?
Yan-nhangu burrugutj inheritance
Yandruwandha bunnga inheritance
Yarluyandi tardinu unique
Yawarrawarrka mirimiri unique
Yawuru waŋal waŋal waŋal waŋal inheritance
Piapoco misàale misàale See Language page
Yavitero júwite, júwitetunaja húwite, húwitetunaha See Language page
Wapishana [-]šiin [-]šiin unique See Language page
Wayuu ta-soso See Language page
Yine čiyľe ~ čiiľe See Language page
Paresi emaxahera emaxahera unique See Language page
Ignaciano #NAME? See Language page
Trinitario -'romone 'Bofe' is -haha. See Language page
Baure ta'ha ta'ha unknown See Language page
Waurá -ĩ'wĩ -ĩ'wĩ unique See Language page
Cha'palaa 'he'nana See Language page
Bora βaʔβákʷa, βaxɨ́ʔkʰo, maráʔpa, marááʔo βaʔβákʷa, βaxɨ́ʔkʰo, maráʔpa, marááʔo inheritance prob. loan into Ocaina, Resigaro See Language page
Muinane βáβáágano, βáaβaga (sing.), xɨ́-gisɨ-ba (blow?) βáβáágano, βáaβaga (sing.), xɨ́-gisɨ-ba (blow?) See Language page
Akawaio diioro diɔrɔ unique shared Pemon See Language page
Wayana sowo sowo inheritance? See Language page
Makiritare ʔtaway-dɨ (IDS) ʔtaway-dɨ (IDS) unique See Language page
Mapoyo mbakuna-ri (pl) mbakuna-ri (pl) See Language page
Wai Wai soso soso inheritance See Language page
Yukpa yobapku, yobapkuku, yuorérampsi, tatpoyubasare See Language page
Muisca fumy pumɨ See Language page
Barí ašiše Colombia: bosərə. See Language page
Northern Emberá póthopotho, pótho-pothóa póthopotho, pótho-pothóa See Language page
Epena pʰopʰo'tʰoo See Language page
Guayabero peh xataedal unique See Language page
Macaguan pe-kopi unique See Language page
Cuiva pe-koɸóbi pulmones, lungs Huber & Reed 1992:35
Cofán tssotssopa tshotshopa phonemic transcriptions are ESTIMATIONS See Language page
Candoshi-Shapra vacháchkorich (pl.) watʃátʃkoɾitʃ doubtful loan, direction unknown Jivaroan See Language page
Taushiro a'jan aʔxan See Language page
Páez me´cy shŭ meʔky shŭ See Language page
Tikuna ñuxmi [2-3, 1] ɲuʔmi unique See Language page
Urarina laha (pl) laha (pl) unique See Language page
Camsa béxnatse béxnatse See Language page
Pumé pʰuru See Language page
Puinave [-sabak-ot] (pl.) sabak-ot unique See Language page
Ashuar wuwách wũwãtʃ See Language page
Huambisa suwach suwatʃ See Language page
Aguaruna súwach suwatʃ doubtful loan (into protolg?), direction unknown Candoshi See Language page
Nadëb/Roçado dialect ʃa pu:w inheritance See Language page
Nadëb/Rio Negro dialect ʃa pu:w See Language page
Matses isese padish isese padiʃ unknown See Language page
Kakataibo kaṣ̌aɨṣ̌ See Language page
Katukina tãsã See Language page
Pacahuara 'taṣ̌a See Language page
Shipibo-Konibo βõṣ̌ã See Language page
Yaminahua tãṣ̌a See Language page
Chácobo taša taša inheritance See Language page
Yagua saritu sari:tu unique See Language page
Southern Pastaza Quechua pulmu (Spanish loan) pulmu See Language page
Ingá iura sungu iura sungu See Language page
Napo Lowland Quichua puscu shungu (lungs) pusku tʃungu See Language page
Quechua Ayacuchano surq'an (CP94) surq'an See Language page
Piaroa cupʰærepʰa tʃupʰærepʰa unknown See Language page
Sáliva bojehmo boheʔmo unknown See Language page
Bará je'eri hãrĩke See Language page
Barasano ɨsɨ́ kõã-rĩ-hoa ɨsɨ́ kõã-rĩ-hoa See Language page
Carapana je'rí 'hóríkáro je'rí 'hóríkáro See Language page
Makuna wa'cʉ wa'kɨ unique See Language page
Yuruti 'jéridẽẽrõ 'jéridẽẽrõ See Language page
Waikhana pah'sari tʰu pah'sari tʰu See Language page
Siriano jɨ'hɨ́-ãĩ-rĩ jɨ'hɨ́-ãĩ-rĩ See Language page
Tanimuca wi'a wi'a unique See Language page
Tatuyo jeri 'hórikaro jeri 'hórikaro See Language page
Tuyuka bɨkɨ-jẽbẽditi bɨkɨ-jẽbẽditi See Language page
Waimaja jéri pũdã jéri pũdã See Language page
Koreguaje kuãʔu-pɨ kuãʔu-pɨ unique See Language page
Siona sãɨ̃-bɨ sãɨ̃-bɨ unique See Language page
Secoya hua'ëo wãʔɨ̃õ See Language page
Karitiana hanĩmpa pawak hanĩmpa pawak unknown See Language page
Wayampi tuluɛwɨy tuluɛwɨj unique See Language page
Aché juewo unique See Language page
Chiriguano (če-)pɨtũe unique See Language page
Paraguayan Guaraní ɲeʔã ve'vui; ve'vɨi See Language page
Sirionó ečĩ̯ã mebi̯ (Literally "heart light (weight)"; (ečĩ̯ã mean heart)) ečĩ̯ã mebi̯ unknown See Language page
Ocaina fávaaxo ɸáβaaxo loan Boran See Language page
Nɨpode Witoto hágï-dʒï hágɯ-dʒɯ See Language page
Minica Witoto ɸéko-dʒï, háθai-dʒï ɸέko-dʒɯ, háθai-dʒɯ See Language page
Murui Witoto jasacɨ,jasallɨ (DME) haθakɯ, haθadʒɯ (DME) inheritance/Witoto See Language page
Iquito sasája sasáha inheritance? See Language page
Záparo suaka suaka See Language page
Wari hoho' nexi' (E&K97) hohoʔ neʃiʔ (E&K97) See Language page
Araona mosozata *Tacn form is *e-ća-. See Language page
Ese Ejja e-šaho; hekišeha inheritance See Language page
Ese Ejja/Huarayo e-šaho; e-s̆a-ho (Girard 1971) e-šaho; e-s̆a-ho See Language page
Tacana eď̶ata See Language page
Cavineña e-hasa e-hasa inheritance See Language page
Central Aymara čuyma See Language page
Itonama uh-warastˀaʔtˀa See Language page
Kwazá erixykãjã, exykãjã, -xykãjã (all refer to the plural lungs ) erixykãjã, exykãjã, -xykãjã (all refer to the plural lungs ) See Language page
Mosetén-Chimané šaba'bač See Language page
Movima pulmone pulmone See Language page
Kaingang fe kãnhvy, jẽngèj Φɛ kãɲwɨ; yɛ̃nŋey See Language page
Djeoromitxi bähenõ bǝhenõ See Language page
Chipaya č̣ʰoxri See Language page
Mocoví l-ači See Language page
Pilagá l-ačiʔ Lit. '3pp-lungs plsv.'. See Language page
Toba l-ači-ʔ Plural form. See Language page
Lengua kohoy See Language page
Sanapaná/Dialect Angaité akwaha apankok Also akwaha ankok, See Language page
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet kohox eŋak See Language page
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay -yaɬ'his; -pe'hʷes Respectively: referring to human; animal. -yaɬ is 'breath' 04.510. See Language page
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja #NAME? See Language page
Maca #NAME? Cf. 'breathe' 04.510; 'air' 01.710. See Language page
Nivaclé -kafof lung https://ids.clld.org/
Ayoreo pu'n̥ui Cf. 15.820. See Language page
Mapudungun pon̯on̯ Ranquel form is ponon. See Language page
Qawasqar paroḳs From Ag. See Language page
Selknam xàmi See Language page
Tehuelche 'golt See Language page
Kanamarí -mo'ohuhnham -moʔohɯhɲam pulmão Magalhães 2018:353
Lokono tuttulla tuttulla the lung DeGoeje 1928:166