Languages of hunter-gatherers and their neighbors

where?

Semantic Field
grammar
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish
donde
Meaning Portuguese
onde

Languages

Language Orthographic Form Phonemicized Form Gloss as in Source Etymology Code Proto-Form Proto-Language Loan Source Wanderwort Status Etyma Set Etymology Notes General Notes Source
Bankalachi Toloim he'-ō'k 221 loan
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone haka-ppun which way? inheritance
Cahuilla miva' inheritance S&H 1979
Central Sierra Miwok mi/n:i- inheritance
Chemehuevi haga/-va (loc) inheritance
Chumash Barbareno nuk'a k'e unknown Wash 2001:88
Chumash Cruzeno nuka-, we-, we7e inheritance JPH
Chumash Ineseno taka7 unknown A 171
Chumash Obispeno tYi unknown JPH
Chumash Ventureno neL; ne7le 69:0049R unknown JPH
Comanche hakaapu, hakuse7, hakY inheritance
Cupeño mivi- [miˈvi-] inheritance
Esselen ke/ya- unknown Henshaw in Shaul 1995:208
Gabrielino 7ami:nga, hami:nga inheritance
Iipay 'Aa maay [maˑi] unknown
Kawaiisu ha-ga-nu inheritance
Kiliwa 7ap-l, 7ap-q unknown
Kitanemuk haypea inheritance
Lake Miwok 7eke/e inheritance
Luiseño micha/-7 inheritance
Maidu homo/ndi inheritance
Mojave makii inheritance
Mutsun hanni, ha:ni, ha:ne inheritance O77:92, 322
Nisenan homo inheritance
Northern Paiute hanno inheritance Thornes 03:188
Northern Sierra Miwok min:i- inheritance
Plains Miwok minim inheritance
Salinan M Ake:ton- (?) unknown Mason 1918:36
Seri (Comcaac) ha/qui unknown
Serrano hai:ngkwa7, haip, hai:piu7 inheritance
Southern Sierra Miwok mi-n:i- inheritance
Southern Ute ag'a, ag'ava inheritance
Tübatulabal maa-l inheritance
Tümpisa Shoshone hakapan inheritance
Wappo 7iTa unknown
Washo kung-a unknown K269
Western Mono hau/tI/ (direction), unique
Wintu heke inheritance
Yavapai vke/? unknown
Yokuts Palewyami helliw inheritance JPH Gamble 91
Yokuts Yawdanchi hide7e inheritance K07
Yokuts Yowlumne hiyuk (subj), hiyo'uk (loc), hiye:tuk (abl) inheritance N1944:235
Yuki 7im inheritance S&S 1984
Yuma makyi/k H I:26 inheritance
Baniwa kálhe? kálhe? unique See Language page
Carijona əsa inheritance See Language page
Cubeo ã́ri ã́ɾi unique See Language page
Dâw rid hid inheritance See Language page
Desano dõʔ'ṍ dõʔ'ṍ inheritance See Language page
Eñepa əhtə; əhtə-na; əhtɨ-no (IDS) əhtə; əhtə-na; əhtɨ-no (IDS) inheritance See Language page
Hodï 'ʰtebolã unique See Language page
Waorani æ-yõbõ-dõ unique See Language page
Hup hɨ̃-cóʔ, hɨ̃t ~hɨ-cóʔ, ~hɨt inheritance See Language page
Kakua dédn=bǔ inheritance See Language page
Makushi oʔnon pata (IDS) oʔnon pata (IDS) inheritance See Language page
Nheengatu maciwã, mamẽ masiwã, mamẽ inheritance; inheritance See Language page
Ninam haperi ha (EM72) hapeɾi ha unique See Language page
Nukak dedn4-diʔ1 inheritance See Language page
Maihiki cado kado unknown See Language page
Pemon atente (A1981); atïngtö (E1977); atöntö (M2000) atente, (A1981); atiŋto (E1977) inheritance See Language page
Resígaro heᵰéé hen̟éé unique See Language page
Sanumá witi ha (EM72) witi ha inheritance See Language page
Sikuani itsa-hóta (dé:tsa: hóta, int.) inheritance See Language page
Tukano noʔó noʔó inheritance E Tuk See Language page
Kotiria do'se; ~do'o doʔse; nõʔõ inheritance E Tuk See Language page
Yanomam wɨti ha wɨti ha inheritance See Language page
Yanomami weti hamɨ weti hamɨ inheritance See Language page
Yukuna méño'ojo méɲoʔoho unique See Language page
Yuhup hɨ̃t ~hɨt inheritance See Language page
Arabana intja-li inheritance
Bardi djanaba janaba inheritance
Bunuba ngaa unknown
Burarra gu-yanngiya
Dhangu ŋala inheritance
Dhuwal wanhaŋumi
Dhuwala wanhala inheritance
Diyari wardayari inheritance
DiyariREU [missing] missing
Djambarrpuyngu wanha
Djapu wanhaŋumi inheritance
Djinang nyanydjili inheritance
Gajirrabeng gama unique NJ
Gooniyandi ngoonyiya inheritance
Gupapuyngu wanhala inheritance
Gurindji wanyjika inheritance
Jabirr-Jabirr arrag arrak inheritance
Jaru wanyjila inheritance
Jawi jennabia XXgl from where jennabiya inheritance
Karajarri wanyjani inheritance
Kija kayi unique
Malyangapa wanta inheritance
Mangala jani unknown
Miriwung gama unique
Mithaka wardali inheritance
Mudburra nganangka
Mudburra wanyjiwarra inheritance
Ngamini warada unique
Ngandi wo:-gi unique
Ngarluma wantharni
Ngumbarl janna, janna goon <janna, janna goon> inheritance
Nhirrpi ilanggi unique
Northern Mangarla [missing] missing
Northern Nyangumarta wañca inheritance
Nyangumarta wanyjarni inheritance
Nyikina jana jana inheritance
Nyulnyul anog anok inheritance
Paakantyi windjara inheritance
Pirriya [missing] missing
Pitta-Pitta winhtha inheritance
Rirratjingu ŋala
Ritharrngu rning'ngara unique
Walmajarri wanyjurla inheritance
Wangkayutyuru [missing] missing
Warrwa jana jana inheritance
Wubuy a-ji-ga unique
Yan-nhangu nhäŋara inheritance
Yandruwandha "yilang.gi (where to), yilakarri" unique
Yarluyandi [missing] missing
Yawarrawarrka jilakari unique
Yawuru dyana, dyanakun jana, janakun inheritance
Achagua kta kta unknown See Language page
Piapoco càicatáiná, cháná kàikatáiná, tʃáná See Language page
Yavitero kisa kisa See Language page
Bare awati awati See Language page
Wapishana naʔiam (di:) naʔiam (di:) unique See Language page
Wayuu haľa ya See Language page
Yine hinaka See Language page
Paresi aliyo alijo unique See Language page
Ignaciano 'tawiʔa; 'tawiʔapuka Also ac̷eta; c̷eta. See Language page
Trinitario ooyo See Language page
Baure oypoka; ṛ̌a'βiyowon? oypoka; ṛ̌a'βijowon? inheritance See Language page
Waurá ka-na-i; kayenai ka-na-i; kajenai inheritance See Language page
Cha'palaa 'nu'ka-a; 'nunba See Language page
Bora kʰía, mḯtsʰií, tsʰátsʰii, kʰétsʰií kʰía, mɯ́tsʰií, tsʰátsʰii, kʰέtsʰií unknown See Language page
Muinane kúúka kúúka See Language page
Akawaio naiyau naɪyaʊ doubtful loan Wapishana naʔiam See Language page
Apalai aza aza inheritance See Language page
Wayana ëitë ǝitǝ unique See Language page
Tiriyó anpo anpo unknown See Language page
Makiritare ə̄išaɨ (IDS) ə̄išaɨ (IDS) inheritance See Language page
Wai Wai ahto ahto inheritance See Language page
Waimiri Atroari epe epe See Language page
Yabarana ɜ'kɜttɜ See Language page
Yukpa oyépak, oyipa See Language page
Kalapalo una; unde una; unde doubtful loan Kamayura See Language page
Muisca epquac oa epkuak oa See Language page
Barí abããhã Colombia: ʔəbə'hə. *Chibchan form is *bia. See Language page
Northern Emberá samá samá See Language page
Epena 'sã-ma; sã-'maa Respectively: to be where; to go where. See Language page
Guayabero am-xót (am-xót xotóx) inheritance Proto-Guahiban See Language page
Macaguan ipohát inheritance Proto-Guahiban See Language page
Cuiva é-ta xóta, e-xóta donde, where int., iʧaxota Huber & Reed 1992:304
Playero ínʧa-hóta dojá See Language page
Cofán mani mani phonemic transcriptions are ESTIMATIONS See Language page
Páez matée, manca matée, manca See Language page
Tikuna ŋiɛʔta ŋiɛʔta unique See Language page
Urarina dʒʉ tʃʉ unique See Language page
Camsa ndm-óka, ndaj-éntɕe ndm-óka, ndaj-éntɕe See Language page
Andoke híb híb unique See Language page
Pumé tjãnã rö tjãnã röpẽ See Language page
Puinave bən bən unique See Language page
Ashuar tunía tunia See Language page
Huambisa tui tui See Language page
Aguaruna tú tu inheritance See Language page
Nadëb/Roçado dialect nɨ:-b, nɨ: ba unique See Language page
Matses mida, mimintsi, mitsi mida, mimintsi, mitsi unknown See Language page
Katukina hãto-ra See Language page
Yaminahua βaki...-mɨ̃ Also tʰanã-rʊ-pɛ̃; yipɛ̃. See Language page
Chácobo hawɨnia; haʔa; haʔɨniani hawɨnia; haʔa; haʔɨniani unknown See Language page
Yagua nutiy; teta nu:tij; teta unique See Language page
Southern Pastaza Quechua maypi majpi See Language page
Ingá maipi maipi See Language page
Napo Lowland Quichua mai mai See Language page
Quechua Ayacuchano may may See Language page
Piaroa te'nehE' teɁnehæɁ inheritance See Language page
Sáliva tejeja teheha inheritance See Language page
Bará dõ'ṍ, dõõ-pɨ See Language page
Barasano dõ, di-hɨ, di-ku dõ, di-hɨ, di-ku See Language page
Carapana 'dṍ-pɨ 'dṍ-pɨ See Language page
Makuna dõ-hɨ̃ dõ-hɨ̃ inheritance See Language page
Yuruti 'dṍpɨ 'dṍpɨ See Language page
Waikhana dõ'ʔo-pɨ dõ'ʔo-pɨ See Language page
Siriano dõʔ'ṍ dõʔ'ṍ See Language page
Tanimuca dõʔ'õrã dõʔ'õrã inheritance See Language page
Tatuyo 'dõõ-pɨ 'dõõ-pɨ See Language page
Tuyuka dõ'õ dõ'õ See Language page
Waimaja dõõ, 'dṍṍ-pɨ dõõ, 'dṍṍ-pɨ See Language page
Koreguaje jeecheja jeecheja inheritance See Language page
Siona onde (Spanish loan) onde (Spanish loan) loan Spanish See Language page
Secoya jero hɛrɔ See Language page
Karitiana ta´i (where is it?) taʔi unknown See Language page
Kokama macatipa macatipa inheritance See Language page
Wayampi mapɛ mapɛ inheritance See Language page
Aché mapekrã inheritance See Language page
Chiriguano kea-pe-pa unique See Language page
Paraguayan Guaraní moõ See Language page
Sirionó mã; mãŋe (P85) mã; mãŋe inheritance See Language page
Kamayurá uma/umam uma/umam inheritance See Language page
Ocaina dsoo, dsoon, dsoonh dzoo; dzõõ,dzõõʔ unknown See Language page
Nɨpode Witoto nï-nó, nï-né nɯ-nó, nɯ-nέ See Language page
Minica Witoto nï-nó, nï-né nɯ-nó, nɯ-nέ See Language page
Murui Witoto nï-no, nï-ne nɯ-no nɯ-nɛ inheritance/Witotoan See Language page
Iquito tɨ'ɨti tɨ'ɨti inheritance See Language page
Záparo tayi taji See Language page
Araona ko, koc̷o Also hiko; kewe; kea; keipa. See Language page
Ese Ejja ačakʷa; ačeho inheritance See Language page
Ese Ejja/Huarayo ače-xe ače-xe See Language page
Cavineña eho; ehe dʸane; eho-oke; eheho; eho-to-; aiho eho; ehe dʸane; eho-oke; eheho; eho-to-; aiho inheritance See Language page
Central Aymara kawki kawkinsa See Language page
Cayuvava pari'čaihi; pečaipe See Language page
Itonama i-toʔko See Language page
Mosetén-Chimané ha'naʔ See Language page
Movima nay-aʔa naj-aʔa See Language page
Trumai ham ham doubtful loan Kamayura See Language page
Kaingang hè-tà tə; hɨ̃n; hɛ̃-tə See Language page
Djeoromitxi hadjo, hau hadʒo, hau See Language page
Chipaya xaḳsi; xaḳsi-kin See Language page
Mocoví w-a-ʔge Lit. '(zero)3p actor-free location-aspect-along'. See Language page
Pilagá 'hega See Language page
Toba 'w-a-ʔage See Language page
Lengua hathko See Language page
Sanapaná/Dialect Angaité inkai See Language page
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet koho; ko ɬaʔa; (ko) ɬaʔa mˀa; (ko) ɬaʔ akpayhoo; (ko) ɬaʔ akyetna See Language page
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay eeʔ 'ihi Also eeʔ ɬe-'hi, lit. 'where (its) is'. See Language page
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja napa See Language page
Maca pan For example, pan ɬa-n-i, lit. '(interrogative) 2nd verbal-locative', 'where is it'. See Language page
Nivaclé ta yi-šiʔ; pɔʔne where?; where? https://ids.clld.org/
Ayoreo 'dee-hi 'rike e; 'tia The latter refers to 'a little farther'. See Language page
Mapudungun čew Same form in Ranquel. See Language page
Qawasqar aḳwac̷ḳyoḳ Also means 'when?'. See Language page
Selknam kiṣ See Language page
Tehuelche 'ken-ay; 'ken-ay-kˀr; 'ken-ay-kˀo Respectively: where; with movement; without movement. See Language page
Lokono alon alon where Pet 1987:377
Kariña owe owe where Yamada 2010:785