Bankalachi Toloim |
nŭ-ge' 223; nögi (K1907) |
|
|
inheritance |
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|
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone |
ny |
|
|
inheritance |
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Cahuilla |
ne' |
|
|
inheritance |
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|
S 1977 |
Central Sierra Miwok |
ka:n |
|
|
inheritance |
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|
Chemehuevi |
nyy, nyyni |
|
|
inheritance |
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|
Chumash Barbareno |
no7 (indep. pro) |
|
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loan |
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|
Ono 1996:21, 96 |
Chumash Cruzeno |
no7o |
|
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loan |
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JPH |
Chumash Ineseno |
no7 |
|
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loan |
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A 7 |
Chumash Obispeno |
mitYy |
|
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inheritance |
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JPH |
Chumash Ventureno |
no, ne7e (indep pronoun), k- |
|
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loan |
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Harrington 1974:6 |
Cocopa |
subject nya:c (and various prefixes) |
|
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inheritance |
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Comanche |
ny7 |
|
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inheritance |
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Cupeño |
ne' |
[nəɁ] |
|
inheritance |
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Esselen |
eni |
|
|
unknown |
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|
Shaul 1995:209 |
Gabrielino |
no:- |
|
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inheritance |
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Iipay 'Aa |
'enyaach |
[Ɂəˈɲaˑtʃ] |
|
inheritance |
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|
Kawaiisu |
ny7y |
|
|
inheritance |
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Kiliwa |
nya7-(p) |
|
|
inheritance |
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Kitanemuk |
ny7 |
|
|
inheritance |
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|
Lake Miwok |
ka/nni, ka/ni |
|
|
inheritance |
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|
|
Luiseño |
no:7 |
|
|
inheritance |
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Maidu |
ni/ |
|
|
inheritance |
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Mojave |
7inyech |
|
|
inheritance |
|
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Mutsun |
ka:n |
|
|
inheritance |
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|
O77:104, 165 |
Nisenan |
ni |
|
|
inheritance |
|
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|
|
Northern Paiute |
ny |
|
|
inheritance |
|
|
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|
|
Thornes? |
Northern Sierra Miwok |
kan:i- (etc.) |
|
|
inheritance |
|
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|
|
Plains Miwok |
kan:i-, |
|
|
inheritance |
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|
|
Salinan A |
he:'kh (A), |
|
|
unknown |
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Salinan M |
kHe' |
|
|
unknown |
|
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|
Mason 1918:32 |
Seri (Comcaac) |
he |
|
|
unknown |
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|
|
Serrano |
ny:7 |
|
|
inheritance |
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|
Southern Paiute |
ny7, ny-, =ni |
|
|
inheritance |
|
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|
Southern Sierra Miwok |
kan:i, kan: |
|
|
inheritance |
|
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|
Southern Ute |
ny7 |
|
|
inheritance |
|
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|
|
Tübatulabal |
ki (it's a clitic) |
|
|
loan |
|
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|
|
Tümpisa Shoshone |
ny, nyy |
|
|
inheritance |
|
|
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|
|
Wappo |
7a/h |
|
|
loan direction unknown |
|
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Washo |
Le/ |
|
|
unknown |
|
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|
J87, 402, K 268 |
Western Mono |
nyy/ |
|
|
inheritance |
|
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|
|
Wintu |
ni |
|
|
inheritance |
|
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|
|
Yavapai |
?nya/- |
|
|
inheritance |
|
|
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|
|
Yokuts Palewyami |
na7 (genitive is ken) |
|
|
inheritance |
|
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|
|
Gamble 1991 |
Yokuts Yawdanchi |
naa-, -na |
|
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
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|
|
K07, G64 |
Yokuts Yowlumne |
na: N 229 |
|
|
inheritance |
|
|
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|
|
N1944:229 |
Yuki |
7a,p (agent) |
|
|
inheritance |
|
|
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|
|
S&S 1984 |
Arabana |
antha |
|
|
semantic shift |
|
|
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|
|
Bardi |
ngay(u) |
ngay(u) |
|
inheritance |
|
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|
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|
|
|
|
Bunuba |
[missing] |
|
|
missing |
|
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|
|
Burarra |
[missing] |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
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|
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|
|
Dhangu |
ŋarra |
|
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
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|
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|
|
Dhuwal |
ŋarra |
|
|
inheritance |
|
|
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|
|
Dhuwala |
ŋarra |
|
|
inheritance |
|
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|
|
Diyari |
nganhi |
|
|
inheritance |
|
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|
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|
|
DiyariREU |
ngani |
|
|
inheritance |
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|
Djambarrpuyngu |
ŋarra |
|
|
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Djapu |
ŋarra |
|
|
inheritance |
|
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|
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|
|
Djinang |
irr |
|
|
inheritance |
|
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|
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|
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|
|
Gajirrabeng |
genya |
|
|
inheritance |
|
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|
|
Gooniyandi |
nganyi |
|
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Gupapuyngu |
ŋarra |
|
|
inheritance |
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|
|
Gurindji |
ngayu |
|
|
inheritance |
|
|
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|
|
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|
|
Jaru |
ngaju |
|
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
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|
|
Jawi |
ngi |
ngi |
|
inheritance |
|
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|
|
Karajarri |
ngaju kaniny |
|
|
inheritance |
|
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|
|
Kija |
ngayin |
|
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
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|
|
Malyangapa |
upa |
|
|
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mangala |
jipangu |
|
|
inheritance |
|
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|
|
Miriwung |
ngayoo |
|
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
Mithaka |
nganyi |
|
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
Mudburra |
ngayi |
|
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
Mudburra |
ngayi |
|
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
Ngamini |
nganyi |
|
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
Ngarluma |
ngayi |
|
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ngumbarl |
ngai, ngaia |
ngay(a) |
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
Nhirrpi |
nganyi |
|
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
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|
|
Nimanburru |
XXngl ngayu |
ngayu |
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Northern Mangarla |
ngayu |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
Northern Nyangumarta |
ngaju pukurl |
|
|
inheritance |
|
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|
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|
|
Nyangumarta |
ngaju |
|
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nyikina |
ngayu |
ngayu |
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nyulnyul |
ngay |
ngay |
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
Paakantyi |
ŋadu |
|
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
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|
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|
|
Pirriya |
nganawa |
|
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pitta-Pitta |
ngantya |
|
|
semantic shift |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rirratjingu |
ŋaya (I), nha:na (me) |
|
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ritharrngu |
ngarra |
|
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Walmajarri |
ngaju |
|
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Wangkayutyuru |
miraratha |
|
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Warrwa |
ngaio |
ngayio |
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Yan-nhangu |
ŋarra |
|
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Yandruwandha |
nganyi |
|
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Yarluyandi |
[missing] |
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Yawarrawarrka |
nganji |
|
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Yawuru |
ngayu |
ngayu |
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Achagua |
nuja |
nuja |
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Piapoco |
núa |
núa |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Yukuna |
nuká |
nuká |
|
inheritance |
|
|
no/nu forms cognate in Arawak; but compare quechuan nuka |
|
|
|
For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Tariana |
nuha |
nuha |
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Baniwa |
nhóa |
nhóa |
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Resígaro |
ó |
ó |
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Kabiyari |
nhú, nu- |
nhú, nu- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Yavitero |
nuya-ha |
nuja-ha |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Bare |
nuni |
nuni |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Wapishana |
ũgar-ɨ |
ũgar-ɨ |
|
inheritance |
|
|
Proto North Arawak? |
|
|
|
For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Mandawaka |
nújaha, nu- |
nú-jaha |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Wayuu |
|
ta-ya |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Yine |
|
hita; -no |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
My' is no-; n-. *Piro-Apuriná form for 'I' is *hi/'no-ta; for 'my' is *n(V)-. |
See Language page |
Paresi |
natyo |
natyo |
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Ignaciano |
|
'nu-ti |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Trinitario |
|
n- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Assimilates to m- before /p/. Pronoun is nuti. |
See Language page |
Baure |
ni-; n-ti |
ni-; n-ti |
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Waurá |
na-tu |
na-tu |
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Arutani |
maykate/ ma- / tsa- |
maykate/ ma- / tsa- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Sape |
mɨ |
mɨ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Cha'palaa |
|
i; 'i-ya |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
-ya is a contrast emphasis suffix. Possessive: 'my' is in; 'mine' is 'in-či. |
See Language page |
Bora |
oó |
oó |
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Muinane |
úú-xóʔo |
úú-xóʔo |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Akawaio |
uurö |
urö |
|
inheritance |
|
|
Pemongan |
|
|
|
For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Akawaio/Ingariko dialect |
urɤ |
urɤ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Apalai |
ywy |
ɨwɨ |
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Wayana |
ïwu |
ɨwu |
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Carijona |
əwɨ |
|
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Tiriyó |
wi[:] |
wi: |
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Eñepa |
yu |
ju |
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Makiritare |
ɨwɨ (IDS); üwü (KH) (also means 'me') |
ɨwɨ |
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Makushi |
u-rɨ |
u-rɨ |
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Mapoyo |
wïhï (wï') |
wʊhʊ (wʊ') |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Pemon |
yuurö (E1980); yuurö (E1980) |
yuurö (E1980) |
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Wai Wai |
owɨ |
owɨ |
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Waimiri Atroari |
awy, aa, kara~kra |
awi, aː, kara~kra |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Yabarana |
|
wəre |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Yukpa |
abe, au |
a'wi |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Kalapalo |
uge |
uge |
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Muisca |
hycha |
hɨʂa |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Barí |
|
nãi |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Colombia: nay. *Chibchan form is *'da; first person prefix is *dã-. |
See Language page |
Northern Emberá |
mʉ̃ |
mʉ̃ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Epena |
|
mɨ; 'mɨči |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Respectively: unmarked; marked. 'Mine' is më're, underlying form: mɨ-'de, 'I/me-of'. |
See Language page |
Guayabero |
|
xan |
|
inheritance |
|
|
Proto-Guahiban |
|
|
|
For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Macaguan |
kan |
kan |
|
inheritance |
|
|
Proto-Guahiban |
|
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|
For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Sikuani |
xanü (2) |
xánɨ |
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inheritance |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Cuiva |
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xan |
yo, I |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
Huber & Reed 1992:200 |
Playero |
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xáni |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Cofán |
ña |
ɲa |
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phonemic transcriptions are ESTIMATIONS For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Candoshi-Shapra |
nova |
nowa |
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unique |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Taushiro |
uyo, u |
ujo, u |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
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Páez |
andy, ũ´cue |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
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Tikuna |
chamax [5, 4] |
tʃamaʔ |
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unique |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
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Urarina |
kanï |
kanʉ |
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unique |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Camsa |
átz |
ats |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
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Andoke |
o'ə |
oʔə |
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unique |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
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Waorani |
bo-tõ |
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unique |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
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Hodï |
ye |
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unique |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
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Pumé |
kɔdɛ |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
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Tinigua |
hikwa |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
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Puinave |
am
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am |
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unique |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
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Máku |
te:ne |
te:ne |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
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Warao |
ine |
ine |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
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Ashuar |
wi, wíka |
wi, wíka |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
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Huambisa |
wi |
wi |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
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Aguaruna |
wi |
wi |
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inheritance |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Nukak |
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wɛɛm2 |
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inheritance |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
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Kakua |
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wěm |
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inheritance |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
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Hup |
ʔã́h |
~ʔáh |
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inheritance |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
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Yuhup |
ʔãh |
~ʔah |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
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Dâw |
ãr |
ʔãh |
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inheritance |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
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Nadëb/Roçado dialect |
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ʔɨ̃h |
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inheritance |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
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Nadëb/Rio Negro dialect |
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ʔɨ̃h |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
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Matses |
ë |
ɨ |
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inheritance |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Kakataibo |
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ʔɨ- |
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*Panoan *ʔɨ. |
See Language page |
Katukina |
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ɨa; ɨã; ɨ̃ |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
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Pacahuara |
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'ɨa |
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d'Orb ea. Arm ea, noe. |
See Language page |
Shipibo-Konibo |
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ɨ-a |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
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Yaminahua |
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ɨ̃; ɨa |
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Respectively: ergative (subject of transitive verb); absolutive (object of transitive verb). |
See Language page |
Chácobo |
ɨ; ɨa |
ɨ; ɨa |
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inheritance |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Yagua |
day |
daj |
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unique |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Southern Pastaza Quechua |
ñuca |
ɲuka |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Ingá |
nuka |
nuka |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Napo Lowland Quichua |
ñuca |
ɲuka |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
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Quechua Ayacuchano |
ñoqa |
ɲoqa |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Piaroa |
tjü |
thɨ |
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unknown |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Sáliva |
jĩsi |
hĩsi |
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unknown |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Bará |
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jɨ'ɨ́ |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Barasano |
jʉ |
jʉ |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Cubeo |
yʉ |
jɨ |
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inheritance |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Carapana |
yʉ |
jɨ |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Desano |
yʉhʉ |
jɨ ʔɨ |
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inheritance |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Kotiria |
yʉ'ʉ/ jʉ |
jʉʔʉ/ jʉ |
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inheritance |
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E-W Tuk |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Makuna |
jɨ |
jɨ |
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inheritance |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Yuruti |
jɨ́ |
jɨ́ |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Waikhana |
jɨ'ʔɨ |
jɨ'ʔɨ |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Siriano |
yʉʉ́ |
jɨɨ́ |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Tanimuca |
dyiʔ'i |
ʎiʔ'i |
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inheritance |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Tatuyo |
jɨɨ |
jɨɨ |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Tukano |
yʉ'ʉ́ |
jɨ'ɨ́ |
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inheritance |
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E-W Tuk |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Tuyuka |
yɨ'ɨ |
jɨʔɨ |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Waimaja |
dyɨ́ |
djɨ́ |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Maihiki |
yi |
ji |
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inheritance |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Koreguaje |
chʉ'ʉ |
dʒʉʔʉ |
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inheritance |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Siona |
yɨʔɨ |
jɨʔɨ |
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inheritance |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Secoya |
yë'ë |
jɨʔ'ɨ |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Karitiana |
y, ỹn, ỹnỹ |
ɨ, ɨ̃n, ɨ̃nɨ̃ |
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unknown |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Nheengatu |
ixé |
iʃé |
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inheritance |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Kokama |
etse |
etse |
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inheritance |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Wayampi |
a-; iyɛ |
a-; ijɛ |
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inheritance |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Aché |
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čo |
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inheritance |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Chiriguano |
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če; se |
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inheritance |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Paraguayan Guaraní |
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če |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Sirionó |
se |
se |
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inheritance |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Kamayurá |
ije |
ije |
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inheritance |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Ocaina |
xo, xoun |
xo, xõɯ̃ |
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inheritance |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Nɨpode Witoto |
kúe |
kúɛ |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Minica Witoto |
kúe |
kúɛ |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Murui Witoto |
kue, ku.e |
kuɛ, ku.ɛ |
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inheritance |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Ninam |
kami-ye; ya, kamatša (EM72) |
kami-je; ja |
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inheritance |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Yanomam |
kamiyə (EM72) |
kamije |
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inheritance |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Yanomami |
ya, kamiyə (EM72) |
ja, kamije |
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inheritance |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Sanumá |
kamitʃa |
kamitʃa |
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inheritance |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Iquito |
qui-, cu- (before verbs beginning with /a/, quíija (stand-alone pronominal form) |
ki-, ku- (before verbs beginning with /a/, kíiha (stand-alone pronominal form) |
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inheritance |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Záparo |
ku. |
ku |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Wari |
wataʔ |
wataʔ |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Araona |
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ema; yama |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Ese Ejja |
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eya; e(y)aya |
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inheritance |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Ese Ejja/Huarayo |
e-ya; e-ya-ya |
e-ya; e-ya-ya |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Tacana |
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ema; yama |
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Intransitive and transitive, respectively. |
See Language page |
Cavineña |
i-ke; e-ra (former is absolutive form, latter is ergative form) |
i-ke; e-ra |
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inheritance |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Central Aymara |
naya |
naya |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Cayuvava |
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hi-; a-; -ri; -ro |
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na'ičiro means 'me, mine'. |
See Language page |
Itonama |
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osni; osniʔka |
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Respectively: masc.; fem. |
See Language page |
Kwazá |
si |
si |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Mosetén-Chimané |
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yo'ẽ |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Movima |
inɬa |
inɬa |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Trumai |
ha; hai; hai-ts |
ha; hai; hai-ts |
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unique |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Kaingang |
inh |
ʔiɲ |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Canela |
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kʰam |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Suyá |
pá |
pá |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Karajá |
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ǰiarɨ̃ |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Djeoromitxi |
hü |
hø |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Chipaya |
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werx; wexr-ki |
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Note metathesis. Suffix -ki is a focus particle. 'My' is wext. |
See Language page |
Mocoví |
|
ayim; yim |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Pilagá |
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hayim |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Toba |
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ayim |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Lengua |
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koo |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Sanapaná/Dialect Angaité |
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koo |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet |
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koʔo |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay |
|
oɬam |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja |
|
y-em |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Maca |
|
y-akhaʔ |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Nivaclé |
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yi-'waača |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
https://ids.clld.org/ |
Ayoreo |
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yu; uu'yu |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Mapudungun |
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in-če |
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Same form in Ranquel. |
See Language page |
Qawasqar |
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c̷e |
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Also means 'we' 02.940. Sk, Bo record c̷eɬ for Central QWS. SpS records c̷o for South QWS. |
See Language page |
Selknam |
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y-ah |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Tehuelche |
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y- ~ i-; 'yā |
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For pronouns: include bound/cliticized pronominal forms where significantly different from the free forms |
See Language page |
Lokono |
de |
de |
1st SG. |
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Pet 1987:23 |
Kariña |
awu |
awu |
1sg |
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Courtz 2007:52 |