Languages of hunter-gatherers and their neighbors

three

Semantic Field
number
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish
tres
Meaning Portuguese
tres

Languages

Language Orthographic Form Phonemicized Form Gloss as in Source Etymology Code Proto-Form Proto-Language Loan Source Wanderwort Status Etyma Set Etymology Notes General Notes Source
Bankalachi Toloim pi' (M); pāhi (K1907) inheritance
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone paihtyn, pahai inheritance
Cahuilla pah inheritance S&H 1979
Central Sierra Miwok tolo:/koshu- inheritance
Chemehuevi pahi inheritance
Chumash Barbareno masix inheritance Klar 1977:120
Chumash Cruzeno masyx inheritance Klar 1977:121
Chumash Ineseno masyx inheritance A 184, K1977:120
Chumash Obispeno misy' inheritance Klar 1977:120
Chumash Ventureno masyq inheritance Klar 1977:120
Cocopa xmuk, xmu:k “to be three” inheritance
Comanche pahitY inheritance
Cupeño pah [pah] inheritance
Esselen kxulep unknown Shaul 1995:198
Gabrielino pa:hi inheritance
Iipay 'Aa hemuk [xəˈmʊk] inheritance
Kawaiisu pehe-yu inheritance
Kiliwa xmi7q inheritance
Kitanemuk pahi7 inheritance
Lake Miwok dele/eka, tele/eka inheritance
Luiseño pa:hay inheritance
Maidu sa/p'y inheritance
Mojave hamok inheritance
Mutsun kaphan inheritance O77:25
Nisenan sapwij inheritance
Northern Paiute pahi inheritance Thornes 03:142
Northern Sierra Miwok tolo:kos-u- inheritance
Plains Miwok tel:ok:o- inheritance
Salinan A kLa/pai (A), loan
Salinan M la/pai loan Mason 1918:153
Seri (Comcaac) capxa unknown
Serrano pa:hi7 inheritance
Southern Paiute pai- inheritance
Southern Sierra Miwok tolo:kot- inheritance
Southern Ute pa7aini, peiku, peini inheritance
Tübatulabal paay inheritance
Tümpisa Shoshone pahi(ttyn), pai(ttyn) inheritance
Wappo hopo/k'a unknown
Washo he/lme7 unknown J87
Western Mono pahi/ inheritance
Wintu panuly inheritance
Yavapai hmu/(:)ki inheritance
Yokuts Palewyami So:pHin inheritance W&G
Yokuts Yawdanchi sho:pHin inheritance K07, G64
Yokuts Yowlumne So:pHin inheritance W&G 1986
Yuki molme inheritance S&S 1984
Yuma xamo/k “to be three” H4:21 inheritance
Baniwa madali- madaɺi- inheritance See Language page
Carijona serawərə inheritance See Language page
Cubeo yóbecʉrõa (three), yóbecʉriyoa ãmuyoa ĩni (three fingers out. . .see "one") jóbɛkɨrõa, jóbɛkɨrijoa ãmujoa ĩni unknown See Language page
Dâw mũtwap mũtwáp inheritance See Language page
Desano ʉhre ɨ ʔre unknown See Language page
Eñepa asonwa asonwa inheritance See Language page
Hodï hweya'tɨ unique See Language page
Waorani bẽ-a go ado-ke unique See Language page
Hup mɔtaʔǎp, mɔtwɨgʔap ['rubber-tree-seed-quantity'] mɔtaʔǎp, mɔtwɨgʔap ['rubber-tree-seed-quantity'] inheritance See Language page
Kakua bík-pêjʔ-kan-nit [other-?-neg-sg.inan] unknown See Language page
Makushi séúru-né séúru-né inheritance See Language page
Nheengatu muçapíri musapíɾi inheritance See Language page
Ninam pək, yãmi (EM72 "few") pək, jãmi inheritance yãmi (EM72 "few") See Language page
Maihiki bababɨ ja bababɨ xã unique See Language page
Pemon eseurau, eseurawe-nan (A1981); seeuurawöknee (E1980); esearau (M2000) eseuɾau, eseuɾawenan (A1981); seurawöʔne (E1980) inheritance See Language page
Resígaro migaakú? sagú? migaakúʔ sagúʔ calque two and one (as elsewhere in region) See Language page
Sanumá išinati (EM72 "few") iʃinati unique See Language page
Sikuani akueyabi (3), akueyabi pabeje akúeyabi inheritance shared Cuiva See Language page
Tariana madalí-da madalí-da inheritance See Language page
Tukano i'tiár'ã i'tiár'ã inheritance E Tuk See Language page
Kotiria tia tia inheritance E Tuk See Language page
Yanomam yãmi (EM72 "few") jãmi inheritance See Language page
Yanomami yãmi (EM72 "few"), (according to MM07 no term exists, instead porakapi or pruka (many) is used) jãmi inheritance See Language page
Yukuna weji kele wehi kele unique See Language page
Yuhup mɔdɨg-w’áp mɔdɨg-w’áp inheritance See Language page
Arabana kulpari inheritance
Bardi irrjar irrjar inheritance
Bunuba ngarlgurru unknown
Burarra [missing] missing
Dhangu ḻurrkun' inheritance
Dhuwal ḻurrkun'
Dhuwala ḻurrkun' inheritance
Diyari parkulu semantic shift
DiyariREU parkuluwora unique
Djambarrpuyngu ḻurrkun'
Djapu ḻurrkun' unknown
Djinang ḻurrkun inheritance
Gajirrabeng merrgern inheritance
Gooniyandi ngaroodoo inheritance
Gupapuyngu ḻurrkun' inheritance
Gurindji murrkun loan
Jabirr-Jabirr irdjowar irrjowarr inheritance
Jaru murrgun inheritance
Jawi edjar irrjar inheritance
Karajarri kujarra warany inheritance
Kija merrkern- inheritance
Malyangapa Mal: paRulkuRu unique
Mangala murrkun doubtful loan
Miriwung merrgen inheritance
Mithaka [missing] missing
Mudburra murrkuna
Mudburra murrkuna inheritance
Ngamini paRkuna nganha? unique
Ngandi X missing
Ngarluma burrgu
Ngumbarl koordidee <koordidee> unknown
Nhirrpi parrkulu kurnu inheritance
Nimanburru irdjowar irrjowarr inheritance
Northern Mangarla murrkurn
Northern Nyangumarta [missing] missing
Nyangumarta wirrpamarta
Nyikina gujarralayana kujarralayana inheritance
Nyulnyul irrjawar irrjawar inheritance
Paakantyi boola nicha
Pirriya kurːbara inheritance
Pitta-Pitta barcoola noora unique
Rirratjingu [missing] missing
Ritharrngu rlurrkun inheritance
Walmajarri mungkartu inheritance
Wangkayutyuru parrkulukunyu inheritance
Warrwa leina leina unknown
Wubuy wulanybaj inheritance?
Yan-nhangu ḻurrkun inheritance
Yandruwandha parrkukurnu inheritance
Yarluyandi parakuauna inheritance
Yawarrawarrka parkukulno inheritance
Yawuru gurdirdi kurdirdi unknown
Achagua matáli matáli inheritance See Language page
Piapoco máisiba máisiba See Language page
Yavitero te'resi te'resi See Language page
Bare kiɻiku-nama (?+mouth) kiɻiku-nama (?+mouth) See Language page
Wapishana idikʰinaɨdaʔɨ idikʰinaɨdaʔɨ unique See Language page
Wayuu apɨnɨin See Language page
Yine mapa See Language page
Paresi hanama hanama inheritance? See Language page
Ignaciano mapana; mapaki, mapapi See Language page
Trinitario mopona See Language page
Baure m'po-n m'po-n inheritance See Language page
Waurá kamaukula kamaukula unique See Language page
Cha'palaa 'pema See Language page
Bora pʰápʰiʔčʰḯï (lit. 'algo montado') pʰápʰiʔtʃɯ́ɯ unique See Language page
Muinane míínokkɨ sááno {two one} míínokkɨ sááno {two one} See Language page
Akawaio oozourau ozɔʊraʊ inheritance Proto-Carib See Language page
Apalai oseruao oseruao inheritance See Language page
Wayana ëhelowao ǝhelowao inheritance See Language page
Tiriyó əerao (three, several) əerao inheritance See Language page
Makiritare aduwawə (IDS); a:duwa:wö (KH) aduwawə (IDS); a:duwa:wə (KH) inheritance See Language page
Mapoyo tomiñakënë tomiñakɛnɛ See Language page
Waimiri Atroari takynyny takɨnɨnɨ See Language page
Yabarana petomiake'rema See Language page
Yukpa kóer ko'sets̺a See Language page
Kalapalo tilako tilako inheritance See Language page
Muisca mica mika See Language page
Barí tentoḳou; bitentoḳou Colombia: bətitikorə. *Chibchan form is *'bai. See Language page
Northern Emberá ũ'bea (IDS) ũ'bea (IDS) See Language page
Epena õ'pee See Language page
Guayabero pamópa-x-he unique See Language page
Macaguan jóbeje hóbehe unknown See Language page
Cuiva akóibi tres, three Huber & Reed 1992:183
Cofán ccoanifué´cco (fue=one) kʰʷanɪɸïɛʔkʰo phonemic transcriptions are ESTIMATIONS See Language page
Candoshi-Shapra tóochpá tóotʃpá unique See Language page
Páez tec (loan?) tek See Language page
Tikuna tomaxexpü [3, 1, 5, 5] tomaʔeʔpɨʔ unique See Language page
Urarina niʨata nitʃata unique See Language page
Camsa únga únga See Language page
Andoke ʌisidé ʌʌ́hʌmá (lit. "one two") ʌiçidé ʌʌ́hʌmá calque one two See Language page
Pumé tjararĩ See Language page
Puinave pəi pəi unique See Language page
Máku šünalá See Language page
Warao dihana -mo (dihana=bunch, -mo=ABL, (fingers) coming from a bunch) dihana -mo (dihana=bunch, -mo=ABL, (fingeɾs) coming fɾom a bunch) See Language page
Ashuar kampátam, menáintu kampatam, mɯnaintu See Language page
Huambisa menain mɨnain See Language page
Aguaruna kampátum kampátum inheritance See Language page
Nadëb/Roçado dialect tamaʔwób inheritance lexicalized with ta- 3rd person prefix See Language page
Matses abentsëc choec, abentsëc chonoc abentsɨc tʃoek, abentsɨc tʃonok unknown See Language page
Kakataibo kimiša See Language page
Katukina nɨska-βɨkoĩ wɨsti-s See Language page
Shipibo-Konibo kimiša See Language page
Yaminahua [tiris] See Language page
Yagua mumuri mumuri unique See Language page
Southern Pastaza Quechua quimsa kimsa See Language page
Ingá kimsa kimsa See Language page
Napo Lowland Quichua quimsa kimsa See Language page
Quechua Ayacuchano kimsa kimsa See Language page
Piaroa wämetúkwä wæme'tukwæ unique See Language page
Sáliva jehdubahdu heʔdubaʔdu unique See Language page
Bará iti'á- See Language page
Barasano idía- idía- See Language page
Carapana 'ítía 'ítía See Language page
Makuna ɨdia- ɨdia- inheritance See Language page
Yuruti 'ítia- 'ítia- See Language page
Waikhana iʔ'tia- iʔ'tia- See Language page
Siriano ʉirerã́ (animate), ʉirerí (inanimate) ɨirerã́ (animate), ɨirerí (inanimate) See Language page
Tanimuca bã'ẽ 'kãrã ka'o bã'ẽ 'kãrã ka'o unknown See Language page
Tatuyo í'tía í'tía See Language page
Tuyuka iti'a- itiʔa- See Language page
Waimaja í'tía- í'tía- See Language page
Koreguaje choteñoã dʒoteɲoa unique See Language page
Siona samute samute unique See Language page
Secoya toaso toa'sõ See Language page
Karitiana mỹnhỹm mɨ̃ɲɨ̃m unknown See Language page
Kokama mutsapɨrɨca mutsapɨɾɨka inheritance See Language page
Wayampi maapɨ maapɨ inheritance See Language page
Aché buǰa unique See Language page
Chiriguano ᵐbapɨ inheritance See Language page
Paraguayan Guaraní ᵐbohapɨ See Language page
Sirionó ɲeremo ɲeremo unique See Language page
Kamayurá moapɨt (M2000) moapɨt (M2000) inheritance See Language page
Ocaina han̵ãã-maʔ-tʸáá-maʔ {two-one} han̵ãã-maʔ-tʲáá-maʔ {two-one} inheritance See Language page
Nɨpode Witoto da.áma-ni {one brotherless} da.áma-ni {one brotherless} See Language page
Minica Witoto da.áma-ni da.áma-ni See Language page
Murui Witoto da(h)e ama-ni da(h)ɛ ama-ni inheritance See Language page
Iquito sɨɨsaramajɨtáami (inanimate), sɨɨsaramajɨtáapɨ (animate) (MC: bad-having a same-sex siblingɨ?ɨanimacy) sɨɨsaramahɨtáami (inanimate), sɨɨsaramahɨtáapɨ (animate) (Mk: bad + having a same-sex sibling + ?animacy) unique See Language page
Záparo aymukumara aʲmukumaɾa See Language page
Araona kimiša See Language page
Ese Ejja e-ɓe'ka-peeximaʔ unknown See Language page
Tacana kimiša Cf. Quechua, Aymara. See Language page
Cavineña kimiša (According to IDS, from Quechua kimša) kimiša loan Quechua See Language page
Central Aymara kimsa (Quechua loan?) kimsa See Language page
Cayuvava kurapa See Language page
Itonama o-tere See Language page
Kwazá emã emã See Language page
Mosetén-Chimané tči'bin See Language page
Movima tas-ra tas-ra See Language page
Trumai uštaxme uštaxme unique See Language page
Kaingang tãgtũ tãŋtũ; tãŋtũŋ See Language page
Canela #NAME? *Jê form is *ɲa; *ɲar. See Language page
Karajá inataõ See Language page
Djeoromitxi djeboäbo dʒeboǝbo See Language page
Chipaya čʰep Uru-J form is čʰep. Uru-I form is čʰipi. See Language page
Mocoví [trees]-olḳaiʔ From Span. 'tres' + diminutive (plural several). See Language page
Pilagá [trees]-olḳ-a See Language page
Toba [trees]-olḳ-a; [trees]-ole From Span. 'tres-diminutive'. Respectively: masc and fem. See Language page
Lengua #NAME? See Language page
Sanapaná/Dialect Angaité mitki amiɬma mook See Language page
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet naʔatkeʔ; [tres] See Language page
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay lah-tihʷayaeʔɬ Also [ta'les], from Span. 'tres'. See Language page
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja iwyeʔc̷yela See Language page
Maca wec̷hetkˀ-ewił See Language page
Nivaclé puʔxaʔna three https://ids.clld.org/
Ayoreo gadi'ok; gadi'o-i; gadi'o-ge Respectively: verb; adj.; adj. Also gadi'o-godeʔ; gadi'o-ge-dieʔ. See Language page
Mapudungun kɨla Same in Ranquel. See Language page
Qawasqar woḳs-tow From Ag. Sk, Bo record wokɬ-tow for Central QWS. Cf. 'two' 13.020 and 'other' tow. Fi, Hy record kopep for South QWS. See Language page
Selknam ṣ-è-àwken See Language page
Tehuelche 'ḳaʔš See Language page
Lokono kabyn kabɨn three Pet 1987:374
Kariña oruwa eruwa three Yamada 2010:784