Languages of hunter-gatherers and their neighbors

red

Semantic Field
colour
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish
rojo
Meaning Portuguese
vermelho

Languages

Language Orthographic Form Phonemicized Form Gloss as in Source Etymology Code Proto-Form Proto-Language Loan Source Wanderwort Status Etyma Set Etymology Notes General Notes Source
Bankalachi Toloim mel-mel'-lă-pul 219 unique
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone ainka, enka- (Cherry Creek) inheritance
Cahuilla selnek-ish inheritance S&H 1979
Central Sierra Miwok jolol:-i- unknown
Chemehuevi anga/-ga (V) inheritance
Chumash Barbareno tasin unknown Ono 1996:33
Chumash Cruzeno lishHy “colorado” unknown JPH
Chumash Obispeno L-kupe, L-qupe inheritance Klar 1977:106
Chumash Ventureno 7al-uqshtahaj unknown JPH
Cocopa xwaT “to be red” inheritance
Comanche ekapI inheritance
Cupeño kwatikwati'i-sh [kʷatiˈkʷatiɁɪʃ] loan
Gabrielino kwaxo:xa7 loan into protolanguage
Iipay 'Aa 'ehwatt [Ɂəˈxʷat] inheritance
Kawaiisu 7aga-ki- inheritance
Kiliwa 7-kwal inheritance
Kitanemuk kwashypk loan into protolanguage
Lake Miwok 7a/wa- unknown
Luiseño qwaya/qwya-sh, 7ava- “to be red” loan into protolanguage
Maidu la/kla\kpe inheritance
Mojave 7ahwat= inheritance
Mutsun Taskuhmin “red one” unknown O77:36,82
Nisenan lak (?) inheritance
Northern Paiute atsa unique Thornes 03:200
Northern Sierra Miwok weTeT:i- inheritance
Plains Miwok wete7te- inheritance
Salinan A (k)itcka:/ten (A), unknown
Salinan M tc'kA/ten' unknown Mason 1918:149
Seri (Comcaac) cheel unknown
Serrano Syri:- inheritance
Southern Paiute angqa-S angqa-ga- to be red inheritance
Southern Sierra Miwok jococ-:i unknown
Southern Ute aka-, akag'arY inheritance
Tübatulabal mel7melyppyyl unique
Tümpisa Shoshone angkapi(tyn) inheritance
Wappo chi/pe unknown
Washo a/shung unknown J327
Western Mono aqabanagi- inheritance
Wintu te:di inheritance
Yavapai (?)hWa/t- “red; blood” inheritance
Yokuts Palewyami holo/tsgai unique K1963
Yokuts Yawdanchi badjikin 244 inheritance K07:244
Yokuts Yowlumne pac'alwiyi “turn red” inheritance N1944:59
Yuki 7a,:sich, 7a,(:)si:7ich, etc. (see “blood”) inheritance S&S 1984
Yuma 7axwe/T H3:209 inheritance
Baniwa íirai íiɻai inheritance See Language page
Carijona tamiremɨ inheritance See Language page
Cubeo jũaco (f.), jũacʉ (m.), jũaro (inan.) xĩako (f.), xĩakɨ (m.), xĩaɾo (inan.) inheritance See Language page
Dâw nôò nô inheritance See Language page
Desano diari diari unique See Language page
Eñepa t-ukin-ke t-ukin-ke unique See Language page
Hodï lu'wa doubtful loan Saliban; possible inheritance? See Language page
Waorani opatawæ̃ unique See Language page
Hup dó dó inheritance See Language page
Kakua dɨ̂-ni [be.red-adjvz] doubtful loan Nadahup: Hup dó; also Desano diari See Language page
Makushi suyú suyú inheritance N Amaz subgroup See Language page
Nheengatu piranga piɾaŋga inheritance See Language page
Ninam ĩe; wake ĩe; wake unique; inheritance See Language page
Nukak mɛ̃lu2 unique See Language page
Maihiki ma ma inheritance See Language page
Pemon chuyu, chaviyu (A1981); chuuwiiyuu (E1980); chuuyu (M2000) tʃudʒu, tʃavidʒu (A1981); tʃuwiʎu (E1980) inheritance N Amaz subgroup See Language page
Resígaro kedávií́? kedávií́ʔ inheritance See Language page
Sanumá hanaha hanaha unique See Language page
Sikuani tsó:-bia inheritance See Language page
Tariana iɾíte 'vermelho, laranya, amarelo escuro; maduro' iɾíte inheritance See Language page
Tukano sõ' á- sõ'á- inheritance E Tuk See Language page
Kotiria ~so'a ~soʔa inheritance E Tuk See Language page
Yanomam wakə wakə inheritance See Language page
Yanomami wakə wakə inheritance See Language page
Yukuna kerani keɾani inheritance See Language page
Yuhup hěɟ hěɟ inheritance See Language page
Arabana arkapa unique
Bardi erer erer inheritance
Bunuba marlmarli unknown
Burarra -mugulumberrpa doubtful loan
Dhangu miku(') inheritance
Dhuwal miku(')
Dhuwala ṉipiṉ unknown
Diyari marralyi unique
DiyariREU mirawili unique
Djambarrpuyngu 1930
Djapu miku(')
Djinang miki inheritance
Gajirrabeng ngenhengbe- inheritance
Gooniyandi thiwa inheritance
Gupapuyngu ṉipiṉ
Gurindji winkilying unique
Jaru girrgirr unique
Karajarri 4502 inheritance
Kija ngenheng- inheritance
Malyangapa Mal: parkarditjulu unique
Mangala piḎpurr unknown
Miriwung nganangbe inheritance
Mithaka tjirtiti unique
Mudburra pilyingpilyinga
Mudburra bilyingbilyinga loan
Ngamini marlalyi unique
Ngandi rlirrwitj unique
Ngarluma martamarta
Ngumbarl doggul, dogul, doogul <doggul, dogul, doogul> unique
Nhirrpi pidibidi inheritance
Nimanburru werer werer inheritance
Northern Mangarla rnurrkurl
Northern Nyangumarta pilyarri inheritance
Nyangumarta mijimiji unknown
Nyikina bilyi bilyi inheritance
Nyulnyul werer werer inheritance
Paakantyi ŋalgina unique
Pirriya thikarriwina unique
Pitta-Pitta kurrhi loan Kalkatungu
Rirratjingu miku
Ritharrngu rlirrbuku loan
Walmajarri pirljipirlji inheritance
Wangkayutyuru karamarra unique
Warrwa bilyi bilyi inheritance
Wubuy mirlmirla inheritance
Yan-nhangu miku inheritance
Yandruwandha pirtipirti inheritance
Yarluyandi pitjirina inheritance?
Yawarrawarrka pidipidi inheritance
Yawuru bilyurrbilyurr bilyurrbilyurr inheritance
Achagua kírai kírai inheritance See Language page
Piapoco quíiraca kí:ɾaka See Language page
Kabiyari kíira kíiɾa See Language page
Yavitero sitami sitami See Language page
Wapishana wɨẓa-ʔu wɨẓa-ʔu inheritance Proto-Arawak See Language page
Mandawaka kílali kílali See Language page
Wayuu išosɨ; iši-to-ľu See Language page
Yine sero See Language page
Paresi xotya, xotere ʃotya, ʃotere inheritance See Language page
Ignaciano tic̷i See Language page
Trinitario -ic̷ʸoro; tic̷i See Language page
Baure moro'sero- moro'sero- inheritance See Language page
Waurá mɨhɨža; k-ɨža mɨhɨža; k-ɨža inheritance See Language page
Arutani araʔwi aɾaʔwi See Language page
Sape ayña ayɲa See Language page
Cha'palaa 'lʸu'ba-ba; 'unga'lala See Language page
Bora thɯ́xpha-njɛ inheritance See Language page
Muinane tɨ́ɸai-no tɨ́ɸai-no See Language page
Akawaio apiiyuu, juuweeyuu apiyu, dʒuweyu unique See Language page
Apalai kamirarame, tahpire kamirarame, tahpire inheritance See Language page
Wayana takpilem takpilem unique See Language page
Tiriyó taamiire taamiire inheritance See Language page
Makiritare seweičato (IDS) (also means 'ripe') seweitʃato (IDS) unknown See Language page
Mapoyo tapiire tapiire See Language page
Wai Wai ču-ču-re ču-ču-re inheritance See Language page
Waimiri Atroari xiwia ʃiwia See Language page
Yabarana ta'pirəmu See Language page
Yukpa isuncha pa'tuma See Language page
Kalapalo tupisuGiñe tupisuGiñe inheritance See Language page
Muisca heczen mague hektʂen maγe See Language page
Barí bohḳaraa Colombia: boko'ranə. See Language page
Northern Emberá dyipurrú dʒipurrú See Language page
Epena pʰo'ree See Language page
Guayabero pa-sói-jax inheritance Proto-Guahiban See Language page
Macaguan tsobí tsobí inheritance Proto-Guahiban See Language page
Cuiva tsóbia rojo, red Huber & Reed 1992:294
Cofán cu´a kɯʔa phonemic transcriptions are ESTIMATIONS See Language page
Taushiro achiya aʃija See Language page
Páez be be See Language page
Tikuna daux [5] dauʔ unique See Language page
Urarina lanahaj lanahaj unique See Language page
Camsa buángana buangana See Language page
Andoke pe- pe- unique cf. Paez See Language page
Pumé kǫȩ See Language page
Puinave #NAME? #NAME? unique See Language page
Máku leme leme See Language page
Warao simo (any shade of a dark color?) simo (any shade of a daɾk coloɾ?) See Language page
Ashuar kapántin kapantin See Language page
Huambisa kapantin kapantin See Language page
Aguaruna kapántu kapántu inheritance See Language page
Nadëb/Roçado dialect hiːn inheritance cognate Yuhup See Language page
Nadëb/Rio Negro dialect hiːɟ See Language page
Matses shin ʃin inheritance See Language page
Katukina hõčĩ Same as 'yellow' 15.690. See Language page
Pacahuara 'šini d'Orb šini 'red'; čenixna 'to color red'; iroho-čini 'red monkey'. See Language page
Shipibo-Konibo hošĩ See Language page
Yaminahua õši Also means 'ripe'. See Language page
Chácobo piši; šini; či-'šini piši; šini; či-'šini inheritance See Language page
Yagua runay- runãj unique See Language page
Southern Pastaza Quechua puca puka See Language page
Ingá pichi, puka pitʃi, puka See Language page
Napo Lowland Quichua puca puka See Language page
Quechua Ayacuchano puka puka See Language page
Piaroa tua'a tũɑ̃ ʔɑ̃ inheritance See Language page
Sáliva duwa duwa inheritance See Language page
Bará hũ'ã́ See Language page
Barasano ~sua-se ~sua-se See Language page
Carapana jõãrĩqũẽ, jũãrĩqũẽ xɔ̃ãɾĩxɛ̃, xũãɾĩxɛ̃ See Language page
Makuna ~sua-rise ~sua-rise inheritance See Language page
Yuruti sõ'ã- sõ'ã- See Language page
Waikhana sõʔã sõʔã See Language page
Siriano buidi buidi See Language page
Tanimuca hũ'ã 'ka; hũ'ã i'taka hũ'ã 'ka; hũ'ã i'taka inheritance See Language page
Tatuyo hũ'ã- hũ'ã- See Language page
Tuyuka sõ'ã sõʔã See Language page
Waimaja hṹã́ hṹã́ See Language page
Koreguaje maaja'ñe maaxaʔɲe inheritance See Language page
Siona ma; mahei-hi ma; mahei-hi inheritance See Language page
Secoya ma ja'ico ma 'jaʔikɔ See Language page
Kokama pɨtani (to be red) pɨtani inheritance See Language page
Wayampi pilã; pɨtã pilã; pɨtã inheritance See Language page
Aché pirã inheritance See Language page
Chiriguano pɨ̃ta inheritance See Language page
Paraguayan Guaraní pɨtã See Language page
Sirionó ei̯reĩ̯ ei̯reĩ̯ inheritance See Language page
Kamayurá ipirang ipirang inheritance See Language page
Ocaina tsíího tsííʔo unique See Language page
Nɨpode Witoto hí.aï-re-de hí.aɯ-rɛ-dɛ See Language page
Minica Witoto hí.aï-re-de hí.aɯ-rɛ-dɛ See Language page
Murui Witoto hi.aï-re-de hi.aɯ-rɛ-dɛ inheritance/Witoto See Language page
Iquito ácusana ákusana unique See Language page
Záparo natuka natuka See Language page
Wari pakaʔ pakaʔ See Language page
Araona asele See Language page
Ese Ejja -woʔo unique See Language page
Ese Ejja/Huarayo yoʔo; woʔo yoʔo; woʔo See Language page
Tacana ðere-na; hoti-da See Language page
Cavineña pode-da; ča-ča-da (G71) pode-da; ča-ča-da (G71) unique See Language page
Central Aymara wila čupika See Language page
Cayuvava tɨrɨrɨ; patɨha Cf. 'blood' 04.150. See Language page
Itonama i-dahke; čˀerasna, čˀeresna See Language page
Kwazá kiʔỹ- kiʔỹ- See Language page
Mosetén-Chimané heih'natč; heih'nas See Language page
Movima rapal rapal See Language page
Trumai tsi-omat̯ tsi-omat̯ unique See Language page
Kaingang kusũg kɔsɔŋ; kusũŋ See Language page
Canela prɨɨ *Jê form is *prɨ. Maxacalí form is pɨtahat, pɨtat. Cf. 'foot' 04.370. See Language page
Suyá nɛpčí nɛpčí See Language page
Karajá isɔ See Language page
Djeoromitxi nõrü nõrø See Language page
Chipaya lxok Also means 'blood' 04.150. See Language page
Mocoví tok; le-tog-aʁaik The latter, 'prefix-red-adj (masc)'. See Language page
Pilagá 'toom-aʁad-aik Lit. 'red-augment-masc. adj'. See Language page
Toba tok; tog-aʁad-aik tok ~ tog- mean 'red'. See Language page
Lengua #NAME? See Language page
Sanapaná/Dialect Angaité akyiswasima See Language page
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet akyeɬwaseem; kas See Language page
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay čot; i-'čot The latter form is verbal. See Language page
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja isyet See Language page
Maca sʔeʔ See Language page
Nivaclé yuk red https://ids.clld.org/
Ayoreo kara-'taai; kara-'tee Also koni'nii-n̥ai; koni'niin̥a. 'Bright red' is gaa'tii; ga'tii-a. See Language page
Mapudungun kelɨ Ranquel form is kelɨ ~ kolɨ. See Language page
Qawasqar ḳyeyero Sk, Bo, SpC record kyero for Central QWS. SpS records tˀel for South QWS. Cf. 'yellow' 15.690. See Language page
Selknam òtè; pòʔtè See Language page
Tehuelche 'ḳˀāpˀ-; 'ḳˀāpˀ-n-k The latter, lit. 'red-rel.-masc'. See Language page
Lokono kolhen koɽen red Pet 1987:369
Kariña tapire tapire red Yamada 2010:808