Languages of hunter-gatherers and their neighbors

sharp

Semantic Field
quality
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish
afilado, filudo, filoso
Meaning Portuguese
afiado

Languages

Language Orthographic Form Phonemicized Form Gloss as in Source Etymology Code Proto-Form Proto-Language Loan Source Wanderwort Status Etyma Set Etymology Notes General Notes Source
Bankalachi Toloim soot'kan-nah “a point” 215, han-net “sharp” 217 unknown
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone kyma (of edge) inheritance
Cahuilla tama-wet (that which is sharp) inheritance S&H 1979
Chemehuevi kywa/gai (V) inheritance
Chumash Barbareno c'ec' “be sharp” inheritance Mithun 1997:226
Chumash Ineseno c'yc'y inheritance A 99
Chumash Obispeno -ewe inheritance Klar 1977:65
Chumash Ventureno c'yc' unknown Harrington 1974:6
Cocopa ya:p “to be sharp”, lyaqlyaq “to be sharp-pointed” inheritance
Comanche kymapy “sharp edge” inheritance
Cupeño ngava'i-sh [ŋavəɁɪʃ] inheritance
Gabrielino 7ata:m(b)rot (knife edge) inheritance
Iipay 'Aa werraaw [wəˈraˑu] unknown
Kawaiisu mogowa-ga-dy (of edge) unknown
Kiliwa yaaw-p h-yuw inheritance
Kitanemuk tamawyt inheritance
Lake Miwok hu/na (of knife; also “pain, disease”) unknown
Luiseño Sowa~i “to be sharp” inheritance
Maidu t'o/k inheritance
Mojave iidoyv= inheritance
Mutsun micci unknown NW (JPH)
Nisenan tok inheritance
Northern Paiute kaakwaba unique Thornes 03:231
Northern Sierra Miwok kyt:e- inheritance
Plains Miwok syca-; unknown
Salinan A (k)Le/7tax (A), (k)Le/7talax (pl) “sharp” unknown
Salinan M missing missing
Seri (Comcaac) coco/ctim unknown
Serrano haca:7i-7 unknown
Southern Sierra Miwok kyt:e- (edge) inheritance
Southern Ute mag'aakatY inheritance
Tümpisa Shoshone kyma- (of edge) inheritance
Wappo shahka/li (see “tooth”) inheritance
Washo yek'i/lgi unknown J109
Western Mono ky/waa/by/ :object with a sharp edge” inheritance
Wintu tutuha “sharp-edged” unknown
Yavapai yo_:va inheritance
Yuki 7a,l inheritance S&S 1984
Yuma ta:dho:yv “to sharpen edged tool” H5:93 inheritance
Baniwa kemána kemána inheritance See Language page
Carijona aesaka (SM) inheritance See Language page
Cubeo ʉpʉjino ɨpɨxino unknown See Language page
Dâw sâày ʃə̂j semantic shift See Language page
Desano usiri usiɾi inheritance See Language page
Eñepa t-ɨyɨh-ke (IDS) t-ɨjɨh-ke (IDS) unknown See Language page
Hodï aʰkuwe'te unique See Language page
Waorani wa-ẽ-ga unique See Language page
Hup j’ɨ́g ɟ’ɨ́g unique See Language page
Kakua ʔěp inheritance See Language page
Makushi ikeʔ (IDS) ikeʔ (IDS) unknown See Language page
Ninam namo (EM72) namo inheritance See Language page
Nukak ʔɛʔ4 inheritance See Language page
Maihiki jɨsɨjɨ xɨ̃sɨxɨ̃ inheritance See Language page
Pemon etesak, te kenak (A1981) etesak, te kenak (A1981) unknown See Language page
Sanumá namo (EM72) namo inheritance See Language page
Sikuani barü (2)(noun) bárɨ, xíu-hai, tséke-hai ('punta' - 'point') inheritance Sik-Cuiva-Playero group See Language page
Tariana pimaníta pimaníta inheritance See Language page
Tukano ɨsojohá- ɨsojohá- inheritance See Language page
Kotiria sio sio unknown cognate Piratapuyo See Language page
Yanomam namo (EM72) namo inheritance See Language page
Yanomami hiroroa, hirorano, hirorowë hiɾoɾoa, hiɾoɾano, hiɾoɾowə unique See Language page
Yukuna puwe'ení puweʔení unknown See Language page
Yuhup c'ɨg c'ɨg unique See Language page
Arabana yati-yati unique
Bardi garrya karrya inheritance
Bunuba nayirri unknown
Burarra -dirrartka unknown
Dhangu [missing] missing
Dhuwal raywal
Dhuwala raywal unknown
Diyari tjerkara inheritance
DiyariREU [missing] missing
Djambarrpuyngu raywal
Djapu raywal unknown
Djinang djarrkuṯ unknown
Gajirrabeng jalgoorrng unique NJ
Gooniyandi jalgoordoo loan
Gupapuyngu raywal unknown
Gurindji kutukutu loan Miriwung
Jabirr-Jabirr gardj karrj inheritance
Jaru jalbin inheritance?
Karajarri jawa kaniny inheritance
Kija jalingkiri unique
Malyangapa [missing] missing
Mangala jaliny unknown
Miriwung jalgoorrng unique NJ
Mithaka [missing] missing
Mudburra ngarrangarrarra
Mudburra ngarrangarrarra inheritance?
Ngamini tjerkara inheritance
Ngandi X missing
Ngarluma bajaburdu unique
Ngumbarl neelirr <neelirr> semantic shift
Nhirrpi [missing] missing
Nimanburru gardj karrj inheritance
Northern Mangarla jaliny
Northern Nyangumarta yiri inheritance
Nyangumarta yiri (2) inheritance
Nyikina jalirr jalirr unique
Nyulnyul gardj karrj inheritance
Paakantyi budjala
Pirriya [missing] missing
Pitta-Pitta [missing] missing
Rirratjingu [missing] missing
Ritharrngu marltjarr unique
Walmajarri jiri inheritance
Wangkayutyuru tharipurlka (tha(r)lipulka) unique
Wubuy marlgurra unique
Yan-nhangu dhalku unknown
Yandruwandha tjalpatjalparri loan Wangkumarra
Yarluyandi [missing] missing
Yawarrawarrka tjerkara inheritance
Yawuru djiri jiri loan Marrngu
Achagua ké:mai, ké:ʒa ké:mai, ké:ʒa inheritance See Language page
Piapoco caserùnica kaserùnika See Language page
Kabiyari pu-ma-ná pu-ma-ná See Language page
Yavitero ka'mena-hi kaʔmena-hi See Language page
Wapishana ɖimana ɖimana inheritance Proto North Arawak See Language page
Wayuu k-asa-sɨ See Language page
Yine phewna See Language page
Ignaciano tikasiriʔi Means sharp-pointed. Also -'e'sesuka; -'e'sesureka, verbal forms. See Language page
Trinitario -kosri; eksiičo The latter is lit. to make a nose (pointed), to sharpen. See Language page
Baure ko-'se-ro ko-'se-ro inheritance See Language page
Waurá ke-kic̷i ke-ki¢i inheritance See Language page
Cha'palaa 'tʸai-'ke-nu; 'tʸa-ya; da- First form is verbal. 'tʸa-yan-'guyi refers to a knife. *South Barbacoan form is *tʸeya-. See Language page
Bora tsʰḯʔxɨβá-ne tsʰɯ́ʔxɨβá-nɛ inheritance See Language page
Muinane sɨ́ɨ́xéβa-no sɨ́ɨ́xέβa-no See Language page
Apalai taere taere unique See Language page
Tiriyó aesa(ka) aesa(ka) inheritance See Language page
Makiritare ākə̄tədɨɨ (IDS) ākə̄tədɨɨ (IDS) unknown See Language page
Wai Wai t-Φot-ke t-Φot-ke unknown See Language page
Waimiri Atroari txika tʃika See Language page
Yukpa jiyit, peneyipta See Language page
Muisca asicaz bquysqua asikatʂ βkuɨskua See Language page
Barí ihkobaaini Colombia: ʔiko'bayninə. *Chibchan form is *'iaʔ. See Language page
Northern Emberá pebedhéa pebedhéa, pepedhéa-bʉ́ See Language page
Epena pʰewe'dee See Language page
Guayabero pabɨaˀ inheritance Proto-Guahiban See Language page
Macaguan bɨr-óbinɨ inheritance Proto-Guahiban See Language page
Cuiva xíjoi, xuíjoi afilado, sharp Huber & Reed 1992:339
Playero híe-hai See Language page
Cofán tsintssia tsi̡tshia phonemic transcriptions are ESTIMATIONS See Language page
Páez chŭjwa tʃŭxwa See Language page
Urarina ahina ahina unique See Language page
Camsa bɕá-xa, ngmitʃí-bxa bɕá-xa, ngmitʃí-bxa See Language page
Pumé gaipa See Language page
Puinave [-de + yak] de + jak unique See Language page
Ashuar ére ɨrɨ See Language page
Huambisa tsakatskatu tsakatskatu See Language page
Aguaruna úyuk ujuk unique See Language page
Matses cuënu kuɨnu inheritance See Language page
Kakataibo kʷɨno- *Panoan *kʷɨno- with related meanings 'sharp edge, cutting edge, knife, iron, point, tip'. See Language page
Katukina kɨwã See Language page
Pacahuara 'ɨika 'Sharp enough'. See Language page
Shipibo-Konibo kɨ̃-šo See Language page
Yaminahua iškia See Language page
Chácobo kɨno; kɨno-sɨni (latter is "very sharp") kɨno; kɨno-sɨni (latter is "very sharp") inheritance See Language page
Yagua jimyura ximyura unique See Language page
Ingá filu (Spanish loan) filu (Spaniʃ loan) See Language page
Napo Lowland Quichua jilu xilu See Language page
Piaroa ća'énpuɨh huná'wa'a s'aɁénpuɨh hunáɁwaɁa unknown See Language page
Sáliva fiji fihi doubtful loan Spanish See Language page
Bará aho'joa See Language page
Barasano bɨha-se bɨha-se See Language page
Carapana ká-ó-ro ká-ó-ro See Language page
Makuna to be sharp: odi-rise odi-ɾise unknown See Language page
Yuruti 'óoro, ɨ'séjo- 'óoro, ɨ'séjo- See Language page
Waikhana sio- sio- See Language page
Siriano u'sípu- u'sípu- See Language page
Tanimuca o'pi 'ki i'taka o'pi 'ki i'taka unknown See Language page
Tatuyo oó- oó- See Language page
Tuyuka asi'jóa asi'jóa See Language page
Waimaja he'jó-hãjũ he'jó-hãjũ See Language page
Koreguaje hɨ̃hɨsɨ- hɨ̃hɨsɨ- inheritance See Language page
Siona së'iji sɨʔihi inheritance See Language page
Secoya jëjësico hɨ̃hɨ̃sikɔ See Language page
Karitiana ky´e kɨʔe unknown See Language page
Kokama tsapaka ('sharpen') tsapaka ('sharpen') unique See Language page
Wayampi aimɛ aimɛ inheritance See Language page
Aché ĩbe inheritance See Language page
Chiriguano haiᵐbe inheritance See Language page
Paraguayan Guaraní haiᵐbe See Language page
Sirionó erĩ̯me erĩ̯me inheritance See Language page
Kamayurá ajme ajme inheritance See Language page
Ocaina goou ('afilar' verb) gooɯ unique See Language page
Nɨpode Witoto ha.í-re-de ha.í-rɛ-dɛ See Language page
Minica Witoto ha.í-re-de ha.í-rɛ-dɛ See Language page
Murui Witoto jaìrede haìrɛdɛ (B83) inheritance/Witoto See Language page
Iquito cucuána kukuána unknown See Language page
Wari šaʔ ʃaʔ E.g. a knife. To be 'sharp' ka maʔ ne šinain, 'when it has teeth'. See Language page
Araona akʷeo *Tacn form is *keŕo-da, which also means 'pointed' 12.352. See Language page
Ese Ejja -šexi; išio- unknown See Language page
Ese Ejja/Huarayo kia-hewi kia-hewi See Language page
Tacana keho-da 'To sharpen' is rakʷa-. See Language page
Cavineña kʷero-da; hakʷa-ya (kʷero-da also means "pointed") kʷero-da; hakʷa-ya inheritance See Language page
Central Aymara ari ari See Language page
Cayuvava βɨrɨ; ra-βɨrɨ Means 'to sharpen, make edge'. See Language page
Itonama wasiwahna; yaʔihe Latter form is verbal. See Language page
Kwazá byru-, karuru- byru-, karuru- See Language page
Mosetén-Chimané mo'taksi See Language page
Movima pe-res-ni pe-res-ni See Language page
Kaingang yã; yukɛn; yãkɛn (IDS) yã; yukɛn; yãkɛn See Language page
Djeoromitxi hürü hørø See Language page
Chipaya ari; xat- Verbal form is xat-š. See Language page
Mocoví y-aʁar-aik Lit. 'sharp-augmentative-adj (masc)'. See Language page
Pilagá y-aik Lit. 'sharp-masc. adj'. See Language page
Toba yi-ta; lʸaʔ See Language page
Lengua #NAME? See Language page
Sanapaná/Dialect Angaité ahantoho See Language page
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet was; akma hamtek; akmahamet See Language page
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay yey Refers to 'edge', but see note in12.353. Also i-c̷e'ɬoh. See Language page
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja tasaxay See Language page
Maca yasɬax See Language page
Nivaclé iklas-ši; -akɔʔx sharp https://ids.clld.org/
Ayoreo aasii'ko-i; aasii'ko See Language page
Mapudungun yuŋe Same in Ranquel. See Language page
Selknam wičè See Language page
Tehuelche 'or 'ter- Lit. 'point long' 01.343, 04.230; 12.570. See Language page
Lokono kamanan kamanan sharp Pet 1987:370
Kariña tyjeke tɨjeke sharp Yamada 2010:816