Hunter-Gatherer Language Database

sharp

Semantic Field: quality
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish: afilado, filudo, filoso
Meaning Portuguese: afiado

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Language	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Loan Source	General Notes	Source
Achagua	ké:mai, ké:ʒa	ké:mai, ké:ʒa		inheritance			See Language page
Aché		ĩbe		inheritance			See Language page
Aguaruna	úyuk	ujuk		unique			See Language page
Apalai	taere	taere		unique			See Language page
Arabana	yati-yati			unique
Araona		akʷeo				Tacn form is keŕo-da, which also means 'pointed' 12.352.	See Language page
Ashuar	ére	ɨrɨ					See Language page
Ayoreo		aasii'ko-i; aasii'ko					See Language page
Baniwa	kemána	kemána		inheritance			See Language page
Bankalachi Toloim	soot'kan-nah “a point” 215, han-net “sharp” 217			unknown
Barasano	bɨha-se	bɨha-se					See Language page
Bardi	garrya	karrya		inheritance
Bará		aho'joa					See Language page
Barí		ihkobaaini				Colombia: ʔiko'bayninə. Chibchan form is 'iaʔ.	See Language page
Baure	ko-'se-ro	ko-'se-ro		inheritance			See Language page
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone	kyma (of edge)			inheritance
Bora	tsʰḯʔxɨβá-ne	tsʰɯ́ʔxɨβá-nɛ		inheritance			See Language page
Bunuba	nayirri			unknown
Burarra	-dirrartka			unknown
Cahuilla	tama-wet (that which is sharp)			inheritance			S&H 1979
Camsa	bɕá-xa, ngmitʃí-bxa	bɕá-xa, ngmitʃí-bxa					See Language page
Carapana	ká-ó-ro	ká-ó-ro					See Language page
Carijona	aesaka (SM)			inheritance			See Language page
Cavineña	kʷero-da; hakʷa-ya (kʷero-da also means "pointed")	kʷero-da; hakʷa-ya		inheritance			See Language page
Cayuvava		βɨrɨ; ra-βɨrɨ				Means 'to sharpen, make edge'.	See Language page
Central Aymara	ari	ari					See Language page
Cha'palaa		'tʸai-'ke-nu; 'tʸa-ya; da-				First form is verbal. 'tʸa-yan-'guyi refers to a knife. South Barbacoan form is tʸeya-.	See Language page
Chemehuevi	kywa/gai (V)			inheritance
Chipaya		ari; xat-				Verbal form is xat-š.	See Language page
Chiriguano		haiᵐbe		inheritance			See Language page
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja		tasaxay					See Language page
Chumash Barbareno	c'ec' “be sharp”			inheritance			Mithun 1997:226
Chumash Ineseno	c'yc'y			inheritance			A 99
Chumash Obispeno	-ewe			inheritance			Klar 1977:65
Chumash Ventureno	c'yc'			unknown			Harrington 1974:6
Chácobo	kɨno; kɨno-sɨni (latter is "very sharp")	kɨno; kɨno-sɨni (latter is "very sharp")		inheritance			See Language page
Cocopa	ya:p “to be sharp”, lyaqlyaq “to be sharp-pointed”			inheritance
Cofán	tsintssia	tsi̡tshia				phonemic transcriptions are ESTIMATIONS	See Language page
Comanche	kymapy “sharp edge”			inheritance
Cubeo	ʉpʉjino	ɨpɨxino		unknown			See Language page
Cuiva		xíjoi, xuíjoi	afilado, sharp				Huber & Reed 1992:339
Cupeño	ngava'i-sh	[ŋavəɁɪʃ]		inheritance
Desano	usiri	usiɾi		inheritance			See Language page
Dhangu	[missing]			missing
Dhuwal	raywal
Dhuwala	raywal			unknown
Diyari	tjerkara			inheritance
DiyariREU	[missing]			missing
Djambarrpuyngu	raywal
Djapu	raywal			unknown
Djeoromitxi	hürü	hørø					See Language page
Djinang	djarrkuṯ			unknown
Dâw	sâày	ʃə̂j		semantic shift			See Language page
Epena		pʰewe'dee					See Language page
Ese Ejja		-šexi; išio-		unknown			See Language page
Ese Ejja/Huarayo	kia-hewi	kia-hewi					See Language page
Eñepa	t-ɨyɨh-ke (IDS)	t-ɨjɨh-ke (IDS)		unknown			See Language page
Gabrielino	7ata:m(b)rot (knife edge)			inheritance
Gajirrabeng	jalgoorrng			unique	NJ
Gooniyandi	jalgoordoo			loan
Guayabero		pabɨaˀ		inheritance	Proto-Guahiban		See Language page
Gupapuyngu	raywal			unknown
Gurindji	kutukutu			loan	Miriwung
Hodï		aʰkuwe'te		unique			See Language page
Huambisa	tsakatskatu	tsakatskatu					See Language page
Hup	j’ɨ́g	ɟ’ɨ́g		unique			See Language page
Ignaciano		tikasiriʔi				Means sharp-pointed. Also -'e'sesuka; -'e'sesureka, verbal forms.	See Language page
Iipay 'Aa	werraaw	[wəˈraˑu]		unknown
Ingá	filu (Spanish loan)	filu (Spaniʃ loan)					See Language page
Iquito	cucuána	kukuána		unknown			See Language page
Itonama		wasiwahna; yaʔihe				Latter form is verbal.	See Language page
Jabirr-Jabirr	gardj	karrj		inheritance
Jaru	jalbin			inheritance?
Kabiyari	pu-ma-ná	pu-ma-ná					See Language page
Kaingang	yã; yukɛn; yãkɛn (IDS)	yã; yukɛn; yãkɛn					See Language page
Kakataibo		kʷɨno-				Panoan kʷɨno- with related meanings 'sharp edge, cutting edge, knife, iron, point, tip'.	See Language page
Kakua		ʔěp		inheritance			See Language page
Kamayurá	ajme	ajme		inheritance			See Language page
Karajarri	jawa kaniny			inheritance
Kariña	tyjeke	tɨjeke	sharp				Yamada 2010:816
Karitiana	ky´e	kɨʔe		unknown			See Language page
Katukina		kɨwã					See Language page
Kawaiisu	mogowa-ga-dy (of edge)			unknown
Kija	jalingkiri			unique
Kiliwa	yaaw-p h-yuw			inheritance
Kitanemuk	tamawyt			inheritance
Kokama	tsapaka ('sharpen')	tsapaka ('sharpen')		unique			See Language page
Koreguaje	hɨ̃hɨsɨ-	hɨ̃hɨsɨ-		inheritance			See Language page
Kotiria	sio	sio		unknown	cognate Piratapuyo		See Language page
Kwazá	byru-, karuru-	byru-, karuru-					See Language page
Lake Miwok	hu/na (of knife; also “pain, disease”)			unknown
Lengua		#NAME?					See Language page
Lokono	kamanan	kamanan	sharp				Pet 1987:370
Luiseño	Sowa~i “to be sharp”			inheritance
Maca		yasɬax					See Language page
Macaguan		bɨr-óbinɨ		inheritance	Proto-Guahiban		See Language page
Maidu	t'o/k			inheritance
Maihiki	jɨsɨjɨ	xɨ̃sɨxɨ̃		inheritance			See Language page
Makiritare	ākə̄tədɨɨ (IDS)	ākə̄tədɨɨ (IDS)		unknown			See Language page
Makuna	to be sharp: odi-rise	odi-ɾise		unknown			See Language page
Makushi	ikeʔ (IDS)	ikeʔ (IDS)		unknown			See Language page
Malyangapa	[missing]			missing
Mangala	jaliny			unknown
Mapudungun		yuŋe				Same in Ranquel.	See Language page
Matses	cuënu	kuɨnu		inheritance			See Language page
Minica Witoto	ha.í-re-de	ha.í-rɛ-dɛ					See Language page
Miriwung	jalgoorrng			unique	NJ
Mithaka	[missing]			missing
Mocoví		y-aʁar-aik				Lit. 'sharp-augmentative-adj (masc)'.	See Language page
Mojave	iidoyv=			inheritance
Mosetén-Chimané		mo'taksi					See Language page
Movima	pe-res-ni	pe-res-ni					See Language page
Mudburra	ngarrangarrarra
Mudburra	ngarrangarrarra			inheritance?
Muinane	sɨ́ɨ́xéβa-no	sɨ́ɨ́xέβa-no					See Language page
Muisca	asicaz bquysqua	asikatʂ βkuɨskua					See Language page
Murui Witoto	jaìrede	haìrɛdɛ (B83)		inheritance/Witoto			See Language page
Mutsun	micci			unknown			NW (JPH)
Napo Lowland Quichua	jilu	xilu					See Language page
Ngamini	tjerkara			inheritance
Ngandi	X			missing
Ngarluma	bajaburdu			unique
Ngumbarl	neelirr	<neelirr>		semantic shift
Nhirrpi	[missing]			missing
Nimanburru	gardj	karrj		inheritance
Ninam	namo (EM72)	namo		inheritance			See Language page
Nisenan	tok			inheritance
Nivaclé		iklas-ši; -akɔʔx	sharp				https://ids.clld.org/
Northern Emberá	pebedhéa	pebedhéa, pepedhéa-bʉ́					See Language page
Northern Mangarla	jaliny
Northern Nyangumarta	yiri			inheritance
Northern Paiute	kaakwaba			unique			Thornes 03:231
Northern Sierra Miwok	kyt:e-			inheritance
Nukak		ʔɛʔ4		inheritance			See Language page
Nyangumarta	yiri (2)			inheritance
Nyikina	jalirr	jalirr		unique
Nyulnyul	gardj	karrj		inheritance
Nɨpode Witoto	ha.í-re-de	ha.í-rɛ-dɛ					See Language page
Ocaina	goou ('afilar' verb)	gooɯ		unique			See Language page
Paakantyi	budjala
Pacahuara		'ɨika				'Sharp enough'.	See Language page
Paraguayan Guaraní		haiᵐbe					See Language page
Pemon	etesak, te kenak (A1981)	etesak, te kenak (A1981)		unknown			See Language page
Piapoco	caserùnica	kaserùnika					See Language page
Piaroa	ća'énpuɨh huná'wa'a	s'aɁénpuɨh hunáɁwaɁa		unknown			See Language page
Pilagá		y-aik				Lit. 'sharp-masc. adj'.	See Language page
Pirriya	[missing]			missing
Pitta-Pitta	[missing]			missing
Plains Miwok	syca-;			unknown
Playero		híe-hai					See Language page
Puinave	[-de + yak]	de + jak		unique			See Language page
Pumé	gaipa						See Language page
Páez	chŭjwa	tʃŭxwa					See Language page
Rirratjingu	[missing]			missing
Ritharrngu	marltjarr			unique
Salinan A	(k)Le/7tax (A), (k)Le/7talax (pl) “sharp”			unknown
Salinan M	missing			missing
Sanapaná/Dialect Angaité		ahantoho					See Language page
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet		was; akma hamtek; akmahamet					See Language page
Sanumá	namo (EM72)	namo		inheritance			See Language page
Secoya	jëjësico	hɨ̃hɨ̃sikɔ					See Language page
Selknam		wičè					See Language page
Seri (Comcaac)	coco/ctim			unknown
Serrano	haca:7i-7			unknown
Shipibo-Konibo		kɨ̃-šo					See Language page
Sikuani	barü (2)(noun)	bárɨ, xíu-hai, tséke-hai ('punta' - 'point')		inheritance	Sik-Cuiva-Playero group		See Language page
Siona	së'iji	sɨʔihi		inheritance			See Language page
Siriano	u'sípu-	u'sípu-					See Language page
Sirionó	erĩ̯me	erĩ̯me		inheritance			See Language page
Southern Sierra Miwok	kyt:e- (edge)			inheritance
Southern Ute	mag'aakatY			inheritance
Sáliva	fiji	fihi		doubtful loan	Spanish		See Language page
Tacana		keho-da				'To sharpen' is rakʷa-.	See Language page
Tanimuca	o'pi 'ki i'taka	o'pi 'ki i'taka		unknown			See Language page
Tariana	pimaníta	pimaníta		inheritance			See Language page
Tatuyo	oó-	oó-					See Language page
Tehuelche		'or 'ter-				Lit. 'point long' 01.343, 04.230; 12.570.	See Language page
Tiriyó	aesa(ka)	aesa(ka)		inheritance			See Language page
Toba		yi-ta; lʸaʔ					See Language page
Trinitario		-kosri; eksiičo				The latter is lit. to make a nose (pointed), to sharpen.	See Language page
Tukano	ɨsojohá-	ɨsojohá-		inheritance			See Language page
Tuyuka	asi'jóa	asi'jóa					See Language page
Tümpisa Shoshone	kyma- (of edge)			inheritance
Urarina	ahina	ahina		unique			See Language page
Wai Wai	t-Φot-ke	t-Φot-ke		unknown			See Language page
Waikhana	sio-	sio-					See Language page
Waimaja	he'jó-hãjũ	he'jó-hãjũ					See Language page
Waimiri Atroari	txika	tʃika					See Language page
Walmajarri	jiri			inheritance
Wangkayutyuru	tharipurlka (tha(r)lipulka)			unique
Waorani	wa-ẽ-ga			unique			See Language page
Wapishana	ɖimana	ɖimana		inheritance	Proto North Arawak		See Language page
Wappo	shahka/li (see “tooth”)			inheritance
Wari	šaʔ	ʃaʔ				E.g. a knife. To be 'sharp' ka maʔ ne šinain, 'when it has teeth'.	See Language page
Washo	yek'i/lgi			unknown			J109
Waurá	ke-kic̷i	ke-ki¢i		inheritance			See Language page
Wayampi	aimɛ	aimɛ		inheritance			See Language page
Wayuu		k-asa-sɨ					See Language page
Western Mono	ky/waa/by/ :object with a sharp edge”			inheritance
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay		yey				Refers to 'edge', but see note in12.353. Also i-c̷e'ɬoh.	See Language page
Wintu	tutuha “sharp-edged”			unknown
Wubuy	marlgurra			unique
Yagua	jimyura	ximyura		unique			See Language page
Yaminahua		iškia					See Language page
Yan-nhangu	dhalku			unknown
Yandruwandha	tjalpatjalparri			loan	Wangkumarra
Yanomam	namo (EM72)	namo		inheritance			See Language page
Yanomami	hiroroa, hirorano, hirorowë	hiɾoɾoa, hiɾoɾano, hiɾoɾowə		unique			See Language page
Yarluyandi	[missing]			missing
Yavapai	yo_:va			inheritance
Yavitero	ka'mena-hi	kaʔmena-hi					See Language page
Yawarrawarrka	tjerkara			inheritance
Yawuru	djiri	jiri		loan	Marrngu
Yine		phewna					See Language page
Yuhup	c'ɨg	c'ɨg		unique			See Language page
Yuki	7a,l			inheritance			S&S 1984
Yukpa	jiyit, peneyipta						See Language page
Yukuna	puwe'ení	puweʔení		unknown			See Language page
Yuma	ta:dho:yv “to sharpen edged tool” H5:93			inheritance
Yuruti	'óoro, ɨ'séjo-	'óoro, ɨ'séjo-					See Language page


Achagua
Aché
Aguaruna
Apalai
Arabana
Araona
Ashuar
Ayoreo
Baniwa
Bankalachi Toloim
Barasano
Bardi
Bará
Barí
Baure
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone
Bora
Bunuba
Burarra
Cahuilla
Camsa
Carapana
Carijona
Cavineña
Cayuvava
Central Aymara
Cha'palaa
Chemehuevi
Chipaya
Chiriguano
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja
Chumash Barbareno
Chumash Ineseno
Chumash Obispeno
Chumash Ventureno
Chácobo
Cocopa
Cofán
Comanche
Cubeo
Cuiva
Cupeño
Desano
Dhangu
Dhuwal
Dhuwala
Diyari
DiyariREU
Djambarrpuyngu
Djapu
Djeoromitxi
Djinang
Dâw
Epena
Ese Ejja
Ese Ejja/Huarayo
Eñepa
Gabrielino
Gajirrabeng
Gooniyandi
Guayabero
Gupapuyngu
Gurindji
Hodï
Huambisa
Hup
Ignaciano
Iipay 'Aa
Ingá
Iquito
Itonama
Jabirr-Jabirr
Jaru
Kabiyari
Kaingang
Kakataibo
Kakua
Kamayurá
Karajarri
Kariña
Karitiana
Katukina
Kawaiisu
Kija
Kiliwa
Kitanemuk
Kokama
Koreguaje
Kotiria
Kwazá
Lake Miwok
Lengua
Lokono
Luiseño
Maca
Macaguan
Maidu
Maihiki
Makiritare
Makuna
Makushi
Malyangapa
Mangala
Mapudungun
Matses
Minica Witoto
Miriwung
Mithaka
Mocoví
Mojave
Mosetén-Chimané
Movima
Mudburra
Mudburra
Muinane
Muisca
Murui Witoto
Mutsun
Napo Lowland Quichua
Ngamini
Ngandi
Ngarluma
Ngumbarl
Nhirrpi
Nimanburru
Ninam
Nisenan
Nivaclé
Northern Emberá
Northern Mangarla
Northern Nyangumarta
Northern Paiute
Northern Sierra Miwok
Nukak
Nyangumarta
Nyikina
Nyulnyul
Nɨpode Witoto
Ocaina
Paakantyi
Pacahuara
Paraguayan Guaraní
Pemon
Piapoco
Piaroa
Pilagá
Pirriya
Pitta-Pitta
Plains Miwok
Playero
Puinave
Pumé
Páez
Rirratjingu
Ritharrngu
Salinan A
Salinan M
Sanapaná/Dialect Angaité
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet
Sanumá
Secoya
Selknam
Seri (Comcaac)
Serrano
Shipibo-Konibo
Sikuani
Siona
Siriano
Sirionó
Southern Sierra Miwok
Southern Ute
Sáliva
Tacana
Tanimuca
Tariana
Tatuyo
Tehuelche
Tiriyó
Toba
Trinitario
Tukano
Tuyuka
Tümpisa Shoshone
Urarina
Wai Wai
Waikhana
Waimaja
Waimiri Atroari
Walmajarri
Wangkayutyuru
Waorani
Wapishana
Wappo
Wari
Washo
Waurá
Wayampi
Wayuu
Western Mono
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay
Wintu
Wubuy
Yagua
Yaminahua
Yan-nhangu
Yandruwandha
Yanomam
Yanomami
Yarluyandi
Yavapai
Yavitero
Yawarrawarrka
Yawuru
Yine
Yuhup
Yuki
Yukpa
Yukuna
Yuma
Yuruti

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