Languages of hunter-gatherers and their neighbors

ear

Semantic Field
body
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish
oreja
Meaning Portuguese
orelha

Languages

Language Orthographic Form Phonemicized Form Gloss as in Source Etymology Code Proto-Form Proto-Language Loan Source Wanderwort Status Etyma Set Etymology Notes General Notes Source
Bankalachi Toloim nahng'-hang 173; nahingal (K1907) inheritance
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone nainkih, nenkih inheritance
Cahuilla naq-al inheritance S&H 1979
Central Sierra Miwok To:koshu- inheritance
Chemehuevi nanka/-v(y) inheritance
Chumash Barbareno tu7 loan direction unknown Klar 1977:23
Chumash Cruzeno tu7u, tu loan direction unknown Klar 1977
Chumash Ineseno tu7 loan direction unknown Klar 1977:23
Chumash Obispeno tu7 loan direction unknown Klar 1977:23
Chumash Ventureno tu loan direction unknown Klar 1977:23
Cocopa shma:l inheritance
Comanche nakI inheritance
Cupeño -naq [naq-] inheritance
Esselen tkxususu “ears”, tusu/s-- see S. voc. loan direction unknown Shaul 1995:200; Turner 1983:240)
Gabrielino 7ananax inheritance
Iipay 'Aa hemall [xəˈmaɫ] inheritance
Kawaiisu naga-vi-vi inheritance
Kiliwa smaql inheritance
Kitanemuk kavac inheritance
Lake Miwok 7a/lok inheritance
Luiseño naq-la inheritance
Maidu bono/ inheritance
Mojave ismalyk inheritance
Mutsun tuksus inheritance C1962
Nisenan bono: inheritance
Northern Paiute naka inheritance Thornes 04:476
Northern Sierra Miwok To:kos-u inheritance
Plains Miwok solo:to- unknown
Salinan A ick'o/7ol (A), unknown
Salinan M e/ntAt A is alpha unknown Mason 1918:126
Seri (Comcaac) isla unknown
Serrano -qAv, qAva:-c "ear, leaf" inheritance
Southern Paiute nangqava-S inheritance
Southern Sierra Miwok Tolkoh- inheritance
Southern Ute nykavI inheritance
Tübatulabal nangha-l inheritance
Tümpisa Shoshone nangki inheritance
Wappo c'e/ma loan direction unknown
Washo p'i/sew unknown J326
Western Mono na/qa(7) inheritance
Wintu ma:t unknown
Yavapai sma/lka inheritance
Yokuts Palewyami tok inheritance K 1963
Yokuts Yawdanchi tHukH inheritance K07, G64
Yokuts Yowlumne tHuk' inheritance Golla 1964
Yuki sha,m, shom, shum, $a:m loan direction unknown S&S 1984
Baniwa -héeni, -hináko-liko -héeni, -hináko-ɺiko inheritance See Language page
Carijona hana inheritance See Language page
Cubeo cã́muca kã́muka inheritance See Language page
Dâw xũùy xũ̂j unique See Language page
Desano gãmiro gãmiro inheritance See Language page
Eñepa -pana- -pana- inheritance See Language page
Hodï onéka unique See Language page
Waorani õnõmõka mõka ?? unique See Language page
Hup bɔtɔ́k bɔtɔ́k inheritance See Language page
Kakua mũrĩ-ʧû [ear-cl.cover] inheritance See Language page
Makushi u-pana (IDS) u-pana (IDS) inheritance See Language page
Nheengatu nambi nambi inheritance See Language page
Ninam yũmuk, yɨmə (EM72) jũmuk, jɨmə inheritance See Language page
Nukak mũnĩ4 nɨ̃t1 inheritance compare Puinave mut See Language page
Maihiki ajodo ja ãxõdo xã inheritance See Language page
Pemon pana (A1981) pana (A1981) inheritance See Language page
Resígaro henákó henákó inheritance See Language page
Sanumá tsɨmɨka (EM72) tsɨmɨka inheritance See Language page
Sikuani pe-muxu-joró-to inheritance See Language page
Tariana di-whéni di-whéni inheritance See Language page
Tukano o'mépero o'mépero inheritance E-W Tuk See Language page
Kotiria ~kha'bo ~kʰaʔbo inheritance E-W Tuk See Language page
Yanomam yə̃məka jə̃məka inheritance See Language page
Yanomami pei yɨmɨ-ka-kɨ, yɨ̃məkə (EM72) pei jɨmɨ-ka-kɨ, jɨ̃məkə inheritance See Language page
Yukuna i'ijwijí iʔihwihí inheritance See Language page
Yuhup bu'dɔk bu'dɔk inheritance See Language page
Arabana yarri doubtful loan
Bardi laaba XXgl earwax laaba inheritance
Bunuba bina loan
Burarra gelama unknown
Dhangu buthuru loan
Dhuwal buthuru loan
Dhuwala buthuru loan
Diyari tharlpa inheritance
DiyariREU jerri loan Thura-Yura
Djambarrpuyngu 1468 loan
Djapu buthuru loan
Djinang miṉinggarri unknown
Gajirrabeng ngarnderrang unique NJ
Gooniyandi man.ga loan
Gupapuyngu buthuru loan
Gurindji langa inheritance
Jabirr-Jabirr nilababa nilababa inheritance
Jaru man.ga inheritance
Jawi neelamurr nilamurr inheritance
Karajarri 4243 inheritance
Kija yarte unique
Malyangapa ure inheritance
Mangala kuran (T), nilarba (McK) unknown
Miriwung ngarnderrang unique NJ
Mithaka ngara inheritance
Mudburra langa
Mudburra langa inheritance
Ngamini talpa inheritance
Ngandi ma-ganam unique
Ngarluma gurlga inheritance
Ngumbarl neelabub nilabab inheritance
Nhirrpi thalpa inheritance
Northern Mangarla rnirlapa loan Nyikina
Northern Nyangumarta kurlka loan Ngarluma?
Nyangumarta kurlka inheritance
Nyikina nilaba(ba) nilaba(ba) inheritance
Nyulnyul nalebab nalebab inheritance
Paakantyi yuri doubtful loan
Pirriya manga inheritance
Pitta-Pitta ngarrawa inheritance
Rirratjingu buthuru loan
Ritharrngu buthurru loan
Walmajarri pina inheritance
Wangkayutyuru ngarawa inheritance
Warrwa nilawa nilawa inheritance
Wubuy warang unique
Yan-nhangu buthuru loan English
Yandruwandha thalpa inheritance
Yarluyandi thalpa inheritance
Yawarrawarrka kutjera inheritance
Yawuru bidyara bijara loan
Achagua wíba wíba inheritance See Language page
Piapoco uwi uwi See Language page
Kabiyari u'uwi uʔuwi See Language page
Yavitero tasine tasine See Language page
Wapishana -tʰaini -tʰaini inheritance See Language page
Wayuu ta-čeʔe See Language page
Yine xnako; xepi *Piro-Apuriná form is *kẽ'pi-ta. See Language page
Paresi itinihe itinihe inheritance See Language page
Ignaciano #NAME? 'Hearing' is -kiɲa. See Language page
Trinitario #NAME? See Language page
Baure čoko-n; senoki tʃoko-n; senoki inheritance; inheritance See Language page
Waurá -tu'lũ -tu'lũ unknown See Language page
Arutani watika watika See Language page
Sape awi awi See Language page
Cha'palaa pungi 'pu-'nu is 'be inside' + -gi 'do'. *South Barbacoan form is *puNki. See Language page
Bora nïïmɨʔo nɯɯmɨʔo inheritance See Language page
Muinane nɨ́xɨ-meeʔu nɨ́xɨ-mɛɛʔu See Language page
Akawaio pana pana inheritance Proto-Carib See Language page
Akawaio/Ingariko dialect enu enu See Language page
Apalai pana pana inheritance See Language page
Wayana pana pana inheritance See Language page
Tiriyó pana pana inheritance See Language page
Makiritare hāna (IDS); hana ha:na (IDS); hana (KH) inheritance See Language page
Mapoyo pana-ri; pana wankiri-'bë (earlobe) pana-ri; pana wankiri-'bɛ (earlobe) See Language page
Wai Wai o-Φana-rɨ o-Φana-rɨ inheritance See Language page
Waimiri Atroari pana pana See Language page
Yabarana pa'nari See Language page
Yukpa apana dʒipana See Language page
Kalapalo ifanagï ifanagɨ inheritance See Language page
Muisca cuhuca kuhuka See Language page
Barí koḳčii Colombia: kokčirə. *Chibchan form is *'kuhka; *kuhkua. See Language page
Northern Emberá kʉwʉrʉ́ kʉwʉrʉ́ See Language page
Epena 'kʰɨɨrɨ See Language page
Guayabero netʃóʔ-t unique See Language page
Macaguan -m(o)kórat -m(o)kórat inheritance Proto-Guahiban See Language page
Cuiva pe-muxu-joró-to oreja, ear Huber & Reed 1992:7
Cofán tsosina tsosina phonemic transcriptions are ESTIMATIONS See Language page
Candoshi-Shapra kĩtsĩch kĩtsĩʃ doubtful loan, direction unknown Jivaroan See Language page
Taushiro a´oo aʔoo See Language page
Páez tógnue towẽ See Language page
Tikuna tʃinɨ unique See Language page
Urarina iriʨu iɽitʃu unique See Language page
Camsa matskuáz matskuas See Language page
Andoke #NAME? #NAME? unique See Language page
Pumé tãrãpuȩ See Language page
Puinave -but; -butuk -but; -butuk unique See Language page
Máku čikaʔte tʃikaʔte See Language page
Ashuar kuwísh kuwiʃ See Language page
Huambisa kuish kuiʃ See Language page
Aguaruna kuwísh kuwíʃ doubtful loan, direction unknown Candoshi See Language page
Nadëb/Roçado dialect nabuːj inheritance See Language page
Nadëb/Rio Negro dialect nabuːj See Language page
Matses pabiate pabiate inheritance See Language page
Kakataibo pa'βi *Panoan *pa-; *paβĩki. See Language page
Katukina pãṣ̌o See Language page
Pacahuara 'paʔoki d'Orb paoki, pahoki. Heath paski, {pas-qui}. See Language page
Shipibo-Konibo pa-βiki; pa- See Language page
Yaminahua pačo See Language page
Chácobo paʔoki paʔoki inheritance See Language page
Yagua {-jay} xaj unique See Language page
Southern Pastaza Quechua rinri ɾinɾi See Language page
Ingá ringri ringri See Language page
Napo Lowland Quichua rinri ɾinɾi See Language page
Quechua Ayacuchano rinri ɾinɾi See Language page
Piaroa chäja (oído) tʃæ̃hã unknown See Language page
Sáliva ãxoxo ãxoxo unknown See Language page
Bará ãbõ'pe-ro See Language page
Barasano ~gabo-ro ~gabo-ro See Language page
Carapana ãmoorõ ãmɔɔɾɔ̃ See Language page
Makuna ~gabo-ro ~gabo-ro inheritance See Language page
Yuruti kabõ-'péero kabõ-'péero See Language page
Waikhana kaʔ'bõ-dõ kaʔ'bõ-dõ See Language page
Siriano gããmípũ gããmípũ See Language page
Tanimuca ãʔ'bũã ãʔ'bũã inheritance See Language page
Tatuyo ã'bõõ-rõ ã'bõõ-rõ See Language page
Tuyuka kãbõ'pe-ro kãbõʔpe-ro See Language page
Waimaja ã́mṍᵽeřò ã́mṍɸerò See Language page
Koreguaje cãjoro kãxoro inheritance See Language page
Siona kˀãho-tˀo kˀãho-tˀo inheritance See Language page
Secoya cajaro kahã'řo See Language page
Karitiana opirisap opiɾisap unknown See Language page
Kokama nami nami inheritance See Language page
Wayampi apɨa-kwa ('ear-hole') apɨa-kwa ('ear-hole') unknown See Language page
Aché nabi inheritance See Language page
Chiriguano (če-)naᵐbi inheritance See Language page
Paraguayan Guaraní naᵐbi See Language page
Sirionó eisa eisa unique See Language page
Kamayurá nami nami inheritance See Language page
Ocaina xoñoon xoɲõõ unique? See Language page
Nɨpode Witoto hépo hέpo See Language page
Minica Witoto héɸo hέɸo See Language page
Murui Witoto heɸo hɛɸo inheritance/Witoto See Language page
Iquito túucu túuku inheritance See Language page
Záparo taw+r+kaw tawɨɾɨkaw See Language page
Wari tara-yišiʔ (taraʔ) tara-jiʃiʔ (taraʔ) See Language page
Araona e-iza-ha *Tacn form is *ića-xa. See Language page
Ese Ejja e-ša-xa inheritance See Language page
Ese Ejja/Huarayo e-šaxa e-šaxa See Language page
Tacana e-iď̶aha See Language page
Cavineña iha-ka; iha-ka-kani (G71) iha-ka; iha-ka-kani (G71) inheritance See Language page
Central Aymara jinchu xinču See Language page
Cayuvava hiǰike; biǰike Also 'riǰikæ. See Language page
Itonama oh-mostˀoʔdo See Language page
Kwazá ñãsi, -nãsi ñãsi, -nãsi See Language page
Mosetén-Chimané 'čuiɲ See Language page
Movima lon̉-toto lon̉-toto See Language page
Trumai (ha) faptɨ (ha) faptɨ unique See Language page
Kaingang nĩgrẽg -nĩŋrɛ̃ŋ See Language page
Canela in-krɛ *Jê form is *ŋrɛ. See Language page
Karajá nohõti See Language page
Djeoromitxi nipi nipi See Language page
Chipaya kʰuɲi Uru-J form is kʰuɲi. See Language page
Mocoví l-keʔla See Language page
Pilagá le-ke'tela See Language page
Toba l-tela See Language page
Lengua #NAME? See Language page
Sanapaná/Dialect Angaité ahaikok See Language page
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet eŋhaykok See Language page
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay -čˀu'te Cf. 'deaf' 04.950. See Language page
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja -kyoteʔ ~ -c̷yoteʔ ~ -yoteʔ (f.) See Language page
Maca -ikfiʔ ~ -ekfiʔ (f.) See Language page
Nivaclé -kfeʔ ear https://ids.clld.org/
Ayoreo a'ŋorone Also a'ŋo-niŋini, lit. 'the ear's hole'. See Language page
Mapudungun pilun Same in Ranquel. See Language page
Qawasqar ḳyawe Bo, Be, Co record the same for Central QWS. AgC, Sk, Bo, Lu, Gui record kwerkyal; Sk, Bo, Fe record tel-kyol, which also means 'hear, listen', for Central QWS. Hy records tel; Fi records tel-tel for South QWS. Cf. 'hear' 15.410. See Language page
Selknam sin See Language page
Tehuelche 'šān See Language page
Kanamarí -matsahdak -matʃahdak orelha Magalhães 2018:352
Lokono dike(-he) dike(-he) ear Pet 1987:356
Kariña pana pana ear, fish sting Yamada 2010:787