Hunter-Gatherer Language Database

good

Semantic Field: quality
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish: bueno
Meaning Portuguese: bom

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Language	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Loan Source	General Notes	Source
Achagua	sáika	sáika		unique			See Language page
Aché		gatu		inheritance			See Language page
Aguaruna	pégkeg	pɨngkɨng		inheritance			See Language page
Akawaio	wagɨ	wagɨ		inheritance	Akawaio-Pemon		See Language page
Akawaio/Ingariko dialect	wakï	wakɤ					See Language page
Andoke	fə'ñé	ɸəʔñé		unique			See Language page
Apalai	kure	kure		inheritance			See Language page
Arabana	alju			doubtful loan
Araona		ahai; da; hai-ǰa					See Language page
Arutani	taseri	taseɾi					See Language page
Ashuar	péngker	pɯŋkɯr					See Language page
Ayoreo		a're-i; a're-ge				Also ka'nii-raai; ka'nii-ree, lit. 'generous'; oo'm-i, oo'me 'good temperament'.	See Language page
Baniwa	mátsia	mátsia		inheritance			See Language page
Bankalachi Toloim	too'-wah “good person” 179			loan
Barasano	~keda-se	~keda-se					See Language page
Bardi	gorna	korna		inheritance
Bare	id'auaɻi	id'auaɻi					See Language page
Bará		ã'jṹ					See Language page
Barí		sasaaini; sabaini				Colombia: sa'baininə.	See Language page
Baure	'heni	'heni		unique			See Language page
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone	caan-tyn “generous, good”			inheritance
Bora	imí-kwï, ɨ́mɨáá-ne, ɨ́mɨáá-pé	imí-kwɯ, , ɨ́mɨáá-nɛ, ɨ́mɨáá-pέ		inheritance			See Language page
Bunuba	jalungurru			doubtful loan
Burarra	manymak			loan	areal
Cahuilla	acha-'e			inheritance			S&H 1979
Camsa	tɕabá, tɕábe	tɕabá, tɕábe					See Language page
Carapana	ñurĩjẽ (inanimate), animates: caroʉ́, caroao, caruʉ́, caruao	ɲuɾĩxɛ̃ (inanimate), animates: kaɾɔɨ́, kaɾɔaɔ, kaɾuɨ́, kaɾuaɔ					See Language page
Carijona	kure, kurano (M2000)			inheritance			See Language page
Cavineña	hida; hida-kʷita; hi-da-pore-ama (G71)	hida; hida-kʷita; hi-da-pore-ama (G71)		inheritance			See Language page
Cayuvava		'i-raha; ra					See Language page
Central Aymara	suma	suma					See Language page
Central Sierra Miwok	kuchi:/-			inheritance
Cha'palaa		'ʔura ~ 'uwa				South Barbacoan form is ʔora.	See Language page
Chemehuevi	ha7y/-c(i) V			inheritance
Chipaya		šuma; wali					See Language page
Chiriguano		katu; kawi		inheritance			See Language page
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja		-es ~ -se				Also means 'well' 04.830; 'clean' 15.870; 'beautiful' 16.810.	See Language page
Chumash Barbareno	-chHo-			inheritance			Mithun 1997:227
Chumash Cruzeno	jaja			unknown			JPH
Chumash Ineseno	chHo “to be good”			inheritance			A 5
Chumash Obispeno	chtYu, kLtyu (011R)			unknown			JPH
Chumash Ventureno	washych			unknown			JPH
Chácobo	hia; hɨnima; hiaṣ̌ɨni	hia; hɨnima; hiaṣ̌ɨni		unique			See Language page
Cocopa	mi:xa:/n, xany, xa:ny			inheritance
Cofán	ño´a, ñotssi	ɲotshi				phonemic transcriptions are ESTIMATIONS	See Language page
Comanche	tsaa, tsaaty			inheritance
Cubeo	meaco (f.), meacʉ (m.), mearo (inan.)	mɛako (f.), mɛakɨ (m.), mɛaro (inan.)		unique			See Language page
Cupeño	'achi'a	[ɁatʃiɁa]		inheritance
Desano	õari	õari		unique			See Language page
Dhangu	ŋuwakurru			unknown
Dhuwal	manymak
Dhuwala	walutju			unknown
Diyari	manyu			inheritance
DiyariREU	jelpa			unique
Djambarrpuyngu	1564			loan
Djapu	manymak			loan
Djeoromitxi	medjü, hainẽ (vb.)	medʒø, hainẽ (vb.)					See Language page
Djinang	1672			loan	areal
Dâw	yẽèw	jæ̃̂w		inheritance			See Language page
Epena		'pia; piʔ'ia				Latter is 'very good'.	See Language page
Ese Ejja		-ɓame; hayaya; -kixene		unknown			See Language page
Ese Ejja/Huarayo	kia-bame	kia-bame					See Language page
Esselen	sale/-ki S.			unknown			Shaul 1995:214
Eñepa	ayape	ajape		unique			See Language page
Gabrielino	teho:vko, teho:vet “a good one”, pl. teri:hvem			inheritance
Gajirrabeng	ngoondengi-			unique	NJ
Gooniyandi	joornanygarra			loan
Guayabero		pat-tʃém		unique			See Language page
Gupapuyngu	walutju			unknown
Gurindji	punyu			inheritance
Hodï		bũʰkete		unique			See Language page
Huambisa	pegker, shir	pɨŋgkɨr, ʃir					See Language page
Hup	náw	~dáw		inheritance			See Language page
Ignaciano		tiuri; -uri					See Language page
Iipay 'Aa	'ehan	[Ɂəˈxan̯]		inheritance
Ingá	alli, alli uma	aʎi, aʎi uma					See Language page
Iquito	suhuáani	suwáani		unique			See Language page
Itonama		uhmala					See Language page
Jabirr-Jabirr	layb	layb		inheritance
Jaru	yura			inheritance
Jawi	corna	korna		inheritance
Kabiyari	tʃuni-ka	tʃuni-ka					See Language page
Kaingang	hã, fe mãg	hə; Φe məŋ; wĩ hə; hapɛ̃					See Language page
Kakataibo		o'pi				a'saβi 'good, well'. Panoan šara.	See Language page
Kakua		tɨ̂j		unique			See Language page
Kalapalo	atutu	atutu		unknown			See Language page
Kamayurá	katu (M2000)	katu (M2000)		inheritance			See Language page
Karajarri	4697			doubtful loan	Eastern Nyulnyulan
Karajá		awi					See Language page
Kariña	djupa	djupa	good; well				Yamada 2010:725
Karitiana	se´a	seʔa		unknown			See Language page
Katukina		roʔa-pa					See Language page
Kawaiisu	hy7y-			inheritance
Kija	menkawu-			unique
Kiliwa	mraay “esta bien” 50			unknown
Kitanemuk	numuach			loan
Kokama	era (to be good)	eɾa		unique			See Language page
Koreguaje	ãja	ãxa		inheritance			See Language page
Kotiria	hai	hai		unique			See Language page
Kwazá	wainãi, wai-	wainãi, wai-					See Language page
Lake Miwok	7eme/ene			unique
Lengua		#NAME?					See Language page
Lokono	san	san	good				Pet 1987:359
Luiseño	7aya/alinik			inheritance			Elliott
Maca		#NAME?					See Language page
Macaguan	wʉ́ne	wɨ́ne		unique			See Language page
Maidu	jaha/			inheritance
Maihiki	deida ja	deida xã		inheritance			See Language page
Makiritare	ašiča (IDS)	aʃitʃa		unique			See Language page
Makuna	~keda-rise	~keda-rise		inheritance			See Language page
Makushi	morɨ (IDS)	morɨ (IDS)		inheritance	shared Pemon		See Language page
Malyangapa	Mal: mingku			unique
Mangala	wulyu			unknown
Mapoyo	nop E	nop ə					See Language page
Mapudungun		kɨme				Same in Ranquel.	See Language page
Matses	bëda	bɨda		unique			See Language page
Minica Witoto	ñú.era	ɲú.ɛra					See Language page
Miriwung	ngoondengi-			unique	NJ
Mithaka	patyi			inheritance
Mocoví		n-oʔwen; ʔmaʁa-raik				The latter is 'good-adj (masc)'.	See Language page
Mojave	7ahan			inheritance
Mosetén-Chimané		'hem; hemd'si					See Language page
Movima	ɗo-koi	ɗo-koi					See Language page
Mudburra	bardawurru
Mudburra	bardakurru			loan
Muinane	ími-(no)	ími-(no)					See Language page
Muisca	cho	ʂo					See Language page
Murui Witoto	mare	marɛ		unique			See Language page
Mutsun	/miSYte “good”			inheritance			O77:43
Máku	kuduma, e:di	kuduma, e:di					See Language page
Nadëb/Rio Negro dialect		naːw					See Language page
Nadëb/Roçado dialect		nɨːw		inheritance			See Language page
Napo Lowland Quichua	ali	ali					See Language page
Ngamini	jampa			unique
Ngandi	maak			unique
Ngarluma	waba			unique
Ngumbarl	maaboo	mabu		inheritance
Nheengatu	katu	katu		inheritance			See Language page
Nhirrpi	patyi			inheritance
Nimanburru	laib	laib		inheritance
Ninam	totihi	totihi		inheritance			See Language page
Nisenan	wen, wenme			inheritance
Nivaclé		is	good				https://ids.clld.org/
Northern Emberá	biiáabʉ́	biːáabʉ́					See Language page
Northern Mangarla	mapu
Northern Nyangumarta	jangkarri			unknown
Northern Paiute	pisa/ “good”			inheritance			Thornes 03:43
Northern Sierra Miwok	7ensy-			inheritance
Nukak		huɛʔ2		unique	cf. Puinave		See Language page
Nyangumarta	ngalypa			unknown
Nyikina	maboo	mabu		inheritance
Nyulnyul	laip	layib		inheritance
Nɨpode Witoto	ñú.era	ɲú.ɛra					See Language page
Ocaina	fójun	ɸṍhɯ̃		unique			See Language page
Paakantyi	kungala
Paraguayan Guaraní		maraᵑgatu; porã; pɨʔa-porã					See Language page
Paresi	waiye, waiyexe	waije, waijeʃe		inheritance			See Language page
Pemon	waki, mori (also mean 'hermoso') (A1981); mata, müta (M2000)	waki, moɾi (A1981)		inheritance; inheritance	N Amaz subgroup		See Language page
Piapoco	cayábéeri	kajábé:ɾi					See Language page
Piaroa	adiwa'a	ɑdiwɑʔɑ		unique			See Language page
Pilagá		antasi					See Language page
Pirriya	[missing]			missing
Pitta-Pitta	mayarli			unique
Plains Miwok	welwel			inheritance
Puinave	#NAME?	#NAME?		unique			See Language page
Pumé	chjadȩ						See Language page
Páez	eu	eu					See Language page
Qawasqar		layep				Sk, Bo, Fe, Cy record the same for Central QWS. Fi, Hy record the same for South QWS.	See Language page
Quechua Ayacuchano	sumaq, allin	sumaq, aʎin					See Language page
Resígaro	kasˇó?	kaʃóʔ		doubtful loan	Nheengatú katu		See Language page
Rirratjingu	ŋuwakurru			unknown
Ritharrngu	ngamakuli			inheritance
Salinan A	ts'ep (A, M), ts'e/pax (pl) “good, well”			unknown
Salinan M	ts'ep			unknown			Mason 1918:151
Sanapaná/Dialect Angaité		sas; aktaʔmalma; aktaʔmela				Also nempeywomoo; taʔseʔ.	See Language page
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet		hakõ; hɨɨ					See Language page
Sanumá	tote, toita, topa (all EM72)	tote, toita, topa (all EM72)		inheritance			See Language page
Sape	amayñakoa	amayɲakoa					See Language page
Secoya	de'oji	deʔ'ohi					See Language page
Selknam		hane; k-wan oličè				The latter form is lit. 'life beautiful'.	See Language page
Seri (Comcaac)	quiipe			unknown
Serrano	a7ai			inheritance
Shipibo-Konibo		eturã					See Language page
Sikuani		xánepana		inheritance	Sik-Cuiva-Playero group		See Language page
Siona	re'oji (to be good)	reʔohi (to be good)		inheritance			See Language page
Siriano	õʔ'ã́	õʔ'ã́					See Language page
Sirionó	eturã	eturã		unknown			See Language page
Southern Paiute	7at:y-N			inheritance
Southern Pastaza Quechua	suma	suma					See Language page
Southern Sierra Miwok	cytyH-			loan direction unknown
Southern Ute	a/tY,			inheritance
Suyá	mἑt	mἑt					See Language page
Sáliva	balla	baʤa		unique			See Language page
Tacana		no-ʔon					See Language page
Tanimuca	hi'a	hi'a		unique			See Language page
Tariana	mačíːte, mačá-ite 'bom, bonito'	matʃíːte, matʃá-ite 'bom, bonito'		inheritance			See Language page
Tatuyo	jũũ	jũũ					See Language page
Taushiro	ya´tu´a	jaʔtuʔa					See Language page
Tehuelche		k 'omkˀenk; 'kˀet-; 'tol 'kˀet-					See Language page
Tikuna	mex [3-5]	meʔ		unique			See Language page
Tiriyó	kure	kure		inheritance			See Language page
Toba		tʸuri; -uri					See Language page
Trinitario		deta, ae, tsi-pom					See Language page
Trumai	deta, ae, tsi-pom	deta, ae, tsi-pom		unique			See Language page
Tukano	añusé	añusé		inheritance	Branch 2, E Tuk		See Language page
Tuyuka	ã'yũ	ãʔjũ					See Language page
Tübatulabal	ty/wwy, tywwywa/-n			loan
Tümpisa Shoshone	tsao, tsawih, tsawyntyn			inheritance
Urarina	katai	katai		unique			See Language page
Wai Wai	kir̃waɲhe	kir̃waɲhe		inheritance			See Language page
Waikhana	keʔ'dõã-rĩ	keʔ'dõã-rĩ					See Language page
Waimaja	ãñũ	ãɲũ					See Language page
Waimiri Atroari	kareme	kareme					See Language page
Walmajarri	wulyu			inheritance
Wangkayutyuru	mayali			unique
Waorani	waa píyǽ̨nę			unique			See Language page
Wapishana	kʰaiman	kʰaiman		inheritance			See Language page
Wappo	hu:-shi/-7i:ya			unknown
Warao	yak	yak					See Language page
Wari	awi	awi					See Language page
Warrwa	maawu; mawu	maawu; mawu		inheritance
Washo	gish.lel			unknown			J655
Waurá	awɨžɨ	awɨžɨ		inheritance			See Language page
Wayampi	katu; i-wɔtɛ	katu; i-wɔtɛ		inheritance			See Language page
Wayana	ipok	ipok		unique			See Language page
Wayuu		anasɨ					See Language page
Western Mono	tsau			inheritance
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay		is					See Language page
Wintu	cali			loan into protolanguage, direction unknown
Wubuy	ambarlaman			unique
Yabarana		nope					See Language page
Yagua	sami	samı̃		doubtful loan	Quechua		See Language page
Yaminahua		čʰadɛ					See Language page
Yan-nhangu	1672			inheritance?
Yandruwandha	patyi(kunu)			inheritance
Yanomam	totihi (EM72), topra (EM72)	totihi, topɾa		inheritance			See Language page
Yanomami	totihita-wə, šariri-wə (right, correct), totihi (EM72), topra (EM72)	totihita-wə, ʃaɾiɾi-wə (right, correct), totihi, topɾa		inheritance			See Language page
Yarluyandi	tampa			unique
Yavapai	k(?)ha/na “right; good”			unknown
Yavitero	yunihi-na	junihi-na					See Language page
Yawarrawarrka	patji			inheritance
Yawuru	mabu(dyunu)	mabu(junu)		inheritance
Yine		kihľe				Piro-Apuriná form is ki-ha're-ka.	See Language page
Yokuts Palewyami	7inishtHa7			inheritance			Gamble 91 JPH
Yokuts Yawdanchi	injij, inij-ij 236			inheritance			K07:236,G64
Yokuts Yowlumne	7insis			inheritance			K 1963
Yuhup	dã̌w	~dǎw		inheritance			See Language page
Yuki	Tat, tat			inheritance			S&S 1984
Yukpa	patuma	ku'ts̺e					See Language page
Yukuna	palani	palani		unique			See Language page
Yuma	axo/Tk “it is good” H1:29			inheritance
Yuruti	jũ	jũ					See Language page
Záparo	w+tsaka	wɨtsaka					See Language page


Achagua
Aché
Aguaruna
Akawaio
Akawaio/Ingariko dialect
Andoke
Apalai
Arabana
Araona
Arutani
Ashuar
Ayoreo
Baniwa
Bankalachi Toloim
Barasano
Bardi
Bare
Bará
Barí
Baure
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone
Bora
Bunuba
Burarra
Cahuilla
Camsa
Carapana
Carijona
Cavineña
Cayuvava
Central Aymara
Central Sierra Miwok
Cha'palaa
Chemehuevi
Chipaya
Chiriguano
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja
Chumash Barbareno
Chumash Cruzeno
Chumash Ineseno
Chumash Obispeno
Chumash Ventureno
Chácobo
Cocopa
Cofán
Comanche
Cubeo
Cupeño
Desano
Dhangu
Dhuwal
Dhuwala
Diyari
DiyariREU
Djambarrpuyngu
Djapu
Djeoromitxi
Djinang
Dâw
Epena
Ese Ejja
Ese Ejja/Huarayo
Esselen
Eñepa
Gabrielino
Gajirrabeng
Gooniyandi
Guayabero
Gupapuyngu
Gurindji
Hodï
Huambisa
Hup
Ignaciano
Iipay 'Aa
Ingá
Iquito
Itonama
Jabirr-Jabirr
Jaru
Jawi
Kabiyari
Kaingang
Kakataibo
Kakua
Kalapalo
Kamayurá
Karajarri
Karajá
Kariña
Karitiana
Katukina
Kawaiisu
Kija
Kiliwa
Kitanemuk
Kokama
Koreguaje
Kotiria
Kwazá
Lake Miwok
Lengua
Lokono
Luiseño
Maca
Macaguan
Maidu
Maihiki
Makiritare
Makuna
Makushi
Malyangapa
Mangala
Mapoyo
Mapudungun
Matses
Minica Witoto
Miriwung
Mithaka
Mocoví
Mojave
Mosetén-Chimané
Movima
Mudburra
Mudburra
Muinane
Muisca
Murui Witoto
Mutsun
Máku
Nadëb/Rio Negro dialect
Nadëb/Roçado dialect
Napo Lowland Quichua
Ngamini
Ngandi
Ngarluma
Ngumbarl
Nheengatu
Nhirrpi
Nimanburru
Ninam
Nisenan
Nivaclé
Northern Emberá
Northern Mangarla
Northern Nyangumarta
Northern Paiute
Northern Sierra Miwok
Nukak
Nyangumarta
Nyikina
Nyulnyul
Nɨpode Witoto
Ocaina
Paakantyi
Paraguayan Guaraní
Paresi
Pemon
Piapoco
Piaroa
Pilagá
Pirriya
Pitta-Pitta
Plains Miwok
Puinave
Pumé
Páez
Qawasqar
Quechua Ayacuchano
Resígaro
Rirratjingu
Ritharrngu
Salinan A
Salinan M
Sanapaná/Dialect Angaité
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet
Sanumá
Sape
Secoya
Selknam
Seri (Comcaac)
Serrano
Shipibo-Konibo
Sikuani
Siona
Siriano
Sirionó
Southern Paiute
Southern Pastaza Quechua
Southern Sierra Miwok
Southern Ute
Suyá
Sáliva
Tacana
Tanimuca
Tariana
Tatuyo
Taushiro
Tehuelche
Tikuna
Tiriyó
Toba
Trinitario
Trumai
Tukano
Tuyuka
Tübatulabal
Tümpisa Shoshone
Urarina
Wai Wai
Waikhana
Waimaja
Waimiri Atroari
Walmajarri
Wangkayutyuru
Waorani
Wapishana
Wappo
Warao
Wari
Warrwa
Washo
Waurá
Wayampi
Wayana
Wayuu
Western Mono
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay
Wintu
Wubuy
Yabarana
Yagua
Yaminahua
Yan-nhangu
Yandruwandha
Yanomam
Yanomami
Yarluyandi
Yavapai
Yavitero
Yawarrawarrka
Yawuru
Yine
Yokuts Palewyami
Yokuts Yawdanchi
Yokuts Yowlumne
Yuhup
Yuki
Yukpa
Yukuna
Yuma
Yuruti
Záparo

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