Hunter-Gatherer Language Database

that

Semantic Field: grammar
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish: ese/esa
Meaning Portuguese: esse

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Language	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Loan Source	General Notes	Source
Achagua	liára	liára		inheritance			See Language page
Aguaruna	anú	anú		inheritance			See Language page
Akawaio	mörö	mörö		inheritance	Proto-Carib		See Language page
Andoke	Nom. Class -dí, -i	(Nom. Class) -dí, -i		unique			See Language page
Apalai	mose	mose		inheritance			See Language page
Arabana	awarda			unique
Arutani	ayta	ayta					See Language page
Ashuar	áu	au					See Language page
Baniwa	lhíerahã	ɺhíeɻahã		inheritance			See Language page
Barasano	~i (m.); iso (f.)	~i (m.); iso (f.)					See Language page
Bardi	ginjin_g	kinyingk		inheritance
Bare	asa	asa					See Language page
Bará		i'ká					See Language page
Baure	ten (m); tin (f)	ten (m); tin (f)		unique			See Language page
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone	ma- “non-specific demonstrative”			inheritance
Bora	(tʰ)-eé-ne, (tʰ)-eé-xa, (tʰ)-eé-kʷa, tiípʸe, áánïḯ	(tʰ)-ɛέ-nɛ, (tʰ)-ɛέ-xa, (tʰ)-ɛέ-kʷa, tiípʲɛ, áánɯɯ́		unique			See Language page
Bunuba	ngurru			inheritance
Burarra	garda			unknown
Cahuilla	pe'			inheritance			S 1977
Camsa	tʃí	tʃí					See Language page
Carapana	jĩĩ/jico (anim.), ti + clas. (inan.), to (manner or quantity, inan.)	yĩĩ/yicɔ, ti, to					See Language page
Carijona	mǝki, mǝrǝ (M2000)			inheritance			See Language page
Cavineña	tumcque (C&L89	tumkke		unknown			See Language page
Central Aymara	uka, ukïri	uka, uki:ɾi					See Language page
Central Sierra Miwok	no-			inheritance
Chemehuevi	ma-			inheritance
Chumash Barbareno	ho7, hu, kam			unknown			Klar 1977;44
Chumash Cruzeno	tu7wi “ese, aquel”			unknown			JPH
Chumash Ineseno	ko, k7a; hek'i			unknown			A7
Chumash Obispeno	pa, paksa, jaksha “aquel” pa is “ese”			unknown			Klar 1977:44
Chumash Ventureno	hohit; lesi “aquella” JPH 3(69) 0017R, kaki se7e “esa agua” 0018L			unknown			B67:24
Cocopa	pu:, pu:c, pu:ny, 7upu:/,			inheritance
Cofán	tsa	tsa				phonemic transcriptions are ESTIMATIONS	See Language page
Comanche	ma-			inheritance
Cubeo	ãðo (fem.), ãñʉ (masc.)	ãðo (fem.), ãɲɨ (masc.)		unique			See Language page
Cuiva		bá-ra-xua, dá-xua	aquel, that				Huber & Reed 1992:257
Cupeño	'axwe-sh	[Ɂəˈxʷə˃ʃ]		unknown
Desano	si-'rú	si-'rú		inheritance			See Language page
Dhangu	banha			unknown
Dhuwal	ngunhi ~ ngunha			inheritance
Dhuwala	ŋunhi			inheritance
Diyari	jeniaudla			unique
DiyariREU	[missing]			missing
Djambarrpuyngu	ŋunhi ~ ŋunha
Djapu	ŋunhi			inheritance
Djeoromitxi	newi	newi					See Language page
Djinang	ngunangi			unknown
Dâw		náʔ; ʔáʔ, ʔa		unknown			See Language page
Esselen	aka-			unknown			Henshaw in Shaul 1995:211
Eñepa	ëmë, ëmëkon (plural) (MM)	ëmë, ëmëkon (plural) (MM)		unknown			See Language page
Gabrielino	pema:7, pe7e:			loan
Gajirrabeng	nganja			inheritance
Gooniyandi	ngoorroo			inheritance
Guayabero		ha-póx		unknown			See Language page
Gupapuyngu	ŋunhi			inheritance
Gurindji	nyila			inheritance
Hodï	dibo/baehteu			unique			See Language page
Huambisa	nu	nu					See Language page
Hup	n'íp, yúp	~d'íp, júp		inheritance			See Language page
Iipay 'Aa	puu	[puˑ˅]		unknown
Ingá	chi/chin	tʃi/tʃin					See Language page
Iquito	quiína (addressee proximal)	kiína (addressee proximal)		unknown			See Language page
Jaru	nyila			inheritance
Kabiyari	ja-ta, ja-ra	ja-ta, ja-ra					See Language page
Kakua		kun		inheritance			See Language page
Kalapalo	ele	ele		inheritance			See Language page
Kamayurá	okoj	okoj		inheritance			See Language page
Karajarri	pala			inheritance
Kariña	dati	dati	that				Yamada 2010:725
Kawaiisu	sa-a-na			unknown
Kija	ngurru-			inheritance
Kiliwa	paa “ese”			unknown
Kitanemuk	7ama7 (distal)			inheritance
Kokama	yukun (distal), yama (indefinite)	jukun (distal), jama (indefinite)		unknown			See Language page
Koreguaje	jã'a (neuter), jã'o (female), jã'ʉ	xãʔa, xãʔo, xãʔʉ		inheritance			See Language page
Kotiria	ti	ti		inheritance	E Tuk		See Language page
Kwazá	ay-	ay-					See Language page
Lake Miwok	ma/a			inheritance
Lokono	kia	kia	that				Pet 1987:373
Luiseño	7o:no			unknown			Elliott
Macaguan		hóhe		unknown			See Language page
Maidu	my:-			inheritance
Maihiki	ca, quede	kã, kede		inheritance			See Language page
Makuna	~i (m.); iso (f.)	~i (m.); iso (f.)		inheritance			See Language page
Malyangapa	[missing]			missing
Mangala	yalartu			inheritance
Mapoyo	mëkï (animate); mërï (inaminate)	mɛkʊ (animate); mɛrʊ (inaminate)					See Language page
Matses	aid, uid	aid, uid		unknown			See Language page
Minica Witoto	bai.e	bai.ɛ					See Language page
Miriwung	nganjang			inheritance
Mithaka	nakiti			inheritance
Mojave	nyah, nyany, nyav			inheritance
Mudburra	yali
Mudburra	yali			inheritance
Muinane	xóʔono	xóʔono					See Language page
Murui Witoto	bai.e	bai.ɛ		inheritance/Witoto			See Language page
Mutsun	tina: 189			inheritance			O77:189
Máku	kwa	kwa					See Language page
Nadëb/Roçado dialect		tatiː, tiː		unique			See Language page
Napo Lowland Quichua	chai	tʃai					See Language page
Ngamini	nanriya			unique
Ngandi	na'			unique
Ngarluma	ngunthal			unique
Ngumbarl	nyamba, kamba, ginya	<nyamba, kamba, ginya>		inheritance
Nheengatu	kuá, yã'ã	kuá, yãʔã		inheritance	cf. Máku kua		See Language page
Nhirrpi	nhunu			inheritance
Nimanburru	bën	bën		inheritance
Ninam	amih, ɨ̃hɨ (both EM72)	amih, ɨ̃hɨ (both EM72)		inheritance			See Language page
Nisenan	my:,			inheritance
Northern Emberá	haribɨ̃́ , awábʉ	haribɨ̃́ , awábʉ					See Language page
Northern Mangarla	[missing]			missing
Northern Nyangumarta	nyarralanga
Northern Paiute	ma-su			inheritance			SAA 1982:42
Northern Sierra Miwok	no:-			inheritance
Nukak		kan4		inheritance			See Language page
Nyangumarta	pala			inheritance
Nyikina	kamirri	kamirri		inheritance
Nyulnyul	ginyingk, bin	kinyingk, bin		inheritance
Nɨpode Witoto	badá	badá					See Language page
Ocaina	xahiima	xaʔiima		unique			See Language page
Paakantyi	yuna			unique
Paresi	hatyo	hatyo		unknown			See Language page
Pemon	mörö (E1980); mö'rö (M2000)	mörö (E1980)		inheritance			See Language page
Piapoco	yáara	já:ɾa					See Language page
Piaroa	chuja	tʃuha		unknown			See Language page
Pirriya	[missing]			missing
Pitta-Pitta	[missing]			missing
Plains Miwok	no:-,			inheritance
Puinave	jede	iete		unique			See Language page
Páez	quiá	kia					See Language page
Quechua Ayacuchano	wak	wak					See Language page
Resígaro	aí	aí		unknown	possibly Span loan		See Language page
Rirratjingu	dhuwan
Ritharrngu	nguki			inheritance
Salinan A	pe (A),			unknown
Salinan M	he			unknown			Mason 1918:151
Sanumá	mi, ki (both EM72)	mi, ki (both EM72)		inheritance			See Language page
Sape	tɨisami	tɨisami					See Language page
Secoya	jequë	hɛ'kɨ					See Language page
Seri (Comcaac)	ticah			unknown
Serrano	ama-7 that, the one, he, she, it			inheritance
Sikuani		báhara-xua 'that thing'		inheritance			See Language page
Siona	ja'an	haʔan		inheritance			See Language page
Siriano	sí-ru	sí-ru					See Language page
Sirionó	aque, quɨ (P85)	ake, kɨ		inheritance			See Language page
Southern Paiute	ma- (vis.)			inheritance
Southern Pastaza Quechua	chay	tʃaj					See Language page
Southern Sierra Miwok	7i-			inheritance
Southern Ute	ma, marY			inheritance
Sáliva	jicuah	hikʷaʔ		unknown			See Language page
Tanimuca	iʔsi-a	iʔsi-a		inheritance			See Language page
Tariana	hane (distal)	hane (distal)		unique			See Language page
Tatuyo	hɨ̃-	hɨ̃-					See Language page
Tikuna	guxema [3-5, 4, 2]	guʔema		unique			See Language page
Tiriyó	nërë (animate anaphoric non-collective	nǝrǝ		inheritance			See Language page
Tukano	sí	sí		inheritance	E Tuk		See Language page
Tuyuka	i-'wɨ	i-'wɨ					See Language page
Tübatulabal	wa7			inheritance
Tümpisa Shoshone	(s)a-,			inheritance
Unggumi	yuno:, nyuno:	yuno:, nyuno:		loan	Nyulnyulan
Urarina	nii	nii		doubtful loan, direction unknown	Yagua		See Language page
Waikhana	si'ka ju'kɨsa	si'ka ju'kɨsa					See Language page
Waimaja	tɛ́	tɛ́					See Language page
Waimiri Atroari	mo'o, mymo' (inanimate); myky (animate)	moʔo, mɨmoʔ (inanimate); mɨkɨ (animate)					See Language page
Walmajarri	yala			inheritance
Wangkayutyuru	[missing]			missing
Waorani	bãdĩĩ			unique			See Language page
Wapishana		ɖiwɨɽaː		unique			See Language page
Wappo	ce/7			inheritance
Warao	tai	tai					See Language page
Wari	i cain (E&K97)	i kain (E&K97)					See Language page
Warrwa	n	kinya		inheritance
Washo	ha:di7 “that one” 227; 371			unknown			J227,371
Wayana	mëlë	mǝlǝ		inheritance			See Language page
Western Mono	mahu “that one”			inheritance
Wintu	pibeh			inheritance
Wubuy	yuwa:			unique
Yabarana		'mənni					See Language page
Yagua	nini	nı̃nı̃		doubtful loan, direction unknown	Urarina		See Language page
Yan-nhangu	balam			unknown
Yandruwandha	nhutjadu, nhunudu, nhuludu, intjadu,			unique
Yanomam	mihi, kihi (both EM72)	mihi, kihi (both EM72)		inheritance			See Language page
Yanomami	ei, hei (MM07), mihi, kihi (both EM72)	ei, hei (MM07), mihi, kihi (both EM72)		inheritance			See Language page
Yarluyandi	nhaka			inheritance
Yavapai	nyu/ch			inheritance
Yavitero	íya	íja					See Language page
Yawarrawarrka	nukuka			inheritance
Yawuru	kamba	kamba		inheritance
Yokuts Palewyami	ta7			inheritance			JPH Gamble 91
Yokuts Yawdanchi	ta- 260 (general, invisible);			inheritance			K07:260
Yokuts Yowlumne	Tha:			inheritance			Golla 1964:65
Yuhup	n'í	~d'í		inheritance			See Language page
Yuki	ki-, ki(7), ki:, kih			inheritance			S&S 1984
Yukpa	aksha (SM)	aksha (SM)					See Language page
Yukuna	marí	maɾí		unique			See Language page
Yuma	nya: H3:211			inheritance
Yuruti	tí-kũbũã	tí-kũbũã					See Language page
Záparo	nuka	nuka					See Language page


Achagua
Aguaruna
Akawaio
Andoke
Apalai
Arabana
Arutani
Ashuar
Baniwa
Barasano
Bardi
Bare
Bará
Baure
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone
Bora
Bunuba
Burarra
Cahuilla
Camsa
Carapana
Carijona
Cavineña
Central Aymara
Central Sierra Miwok
Chemehuevi
Chumash Barbareno
Chumash Cruzeno
Chumash Ineseno
Chumash Obispeno
Chumash Ventureno
Cocopa
Cofán
Comanche
Cubeo
Cuiva
Cupeño
Desano
Dhangu
Dhuwal
Dhuwala
Diyari
DiyariREU
Djambarrpuyngu
Djapu
Djeoromitxi
Djinang
Dâw
Esselen
Eñepa
Gabrielino
Gajirrabeng
Gooniyandi
Guayabero
Gupapuyngu
Gurindji
Hodï
Huambisa
Hup
Iipay 'Aa
Ingá
Iquito
Jaru
Kabiyari
Kakua
Kalapalo
Kamayurá
Karajarri
Kariña
Kawaiisu
Kija
Kiliwa
Kitanemuk
Kokama
Koreguaje
Kotiria
Kwazá
Lake Miwok
Lokono
Luiseño
Macaguan
Maidu
Maihiki
Makuna
Malyangapa
Mangala
Mapoyo
Matses
Minica Witoto
Miriwung
Mithaka
Mojave
Mudburra
Mudburra
Muinane
Murui Witoto
Mutsun
Máku
Nadëb/Roçado dialect
Napo Lowland Quichua
Ngamini
Ngandi
Ngarluma
Ngumbarl
Nheengatu
Nhirrpi
Nimanburru
Ninam
Nisenan
Northern Emberá
Northern Mangarla
Northern Nyangumarta
Northern Paiute
Northern Sierra Miwok
Nukak
Nyangumarta
Nyikina
Nyulnyul
Nɨpode Witoto
Ocaina
Paakantyi
Paresi
Pemon
Piapoco
Piaroa
Pirriya
Pitta-Pitta
Plains Miwok
Puinave
Páez
Quechua Ayacuchano
Resígaro
Rirratjingu
Ritharrngu
Salinan A
Salinan M
Sanumá
Sape
Secoya
Seri (Comcaac)
Serrano
Sikuani
Siona
Siriano
Sirionó
Southern Paiute
Southern Pastaza Quechua
Southern Sierra Miwok
Southern Ute
Sáliva
Tanimuca
Tariana
Tatuyo
Tikuna
Tiriyó
Tukano
Tuyuka
Tübatulabal
Tümpisa Shoshone
Unggumi
Urarina
Waikhana
Waimaja
Waimiri Atroari
Walmajarri
Wangkayutyuru
Waorani
Wapishana
Wappo
Warao
Wari
Warrwa
Washo
Wayana
Western Mono
Wintu
Wubuy
Yabarana
Yagua
Yan-nhangu
Yandruwandha
Yanomam
Yanomami
Yarluyandi
Yavapai
Yavitero
Yawarrawarrka
Yawuru
Yokuts Palewyami
Yokuts Yawdanchi
Yokuts Yowlumne
Yuhup
Yuki
Yukpa
Yukuna
Yuma
Yuruti
Záparo

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