Languages of hunter-gatherers and their neighbors

fruit

Semantic Field
flora
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish
fruta
Meaning Portuguese
fruta

Languages

Language Orthographic Form Phonemicized Form Gloss as in Source Etymology Code Proto-Form Proto-Language Loan Source Wanderwort Status Etyma Set Etymology Notes General Notes Source
Bankalachi Toloim mah'-mil “strawberries” 197 unknown
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone huu-ppih “wild strawberry, grows on a kind of cactus” inheritance
Cahuilla tu'-ish inheritance S&H 1979
Chumash Barbareno tyqytyq “blackberry” unknown Beeler 1978
Chumash Obispeno tqajnuqa7 “moras” unknown JPH
Chumash Ventureno s-7amy inheritance JPH
Cocopa xpaLy (of ironwood -- a legume- 7a: “mesquite bean”) unknown
Comanche pokopI inheritance
Cupeño pipily “strawberry”? inheritance
Gabrielino 7apu:ci-n “its fruit, its seed” inheritance
Iipay 'Aa chewuuw [tʃəˈwuˑ˅u] unknown
Kawaiisu tykypiya= unknown
Kiliwa t-kW-ma7 unknown
Kitanemuk 7a(-)ka7 inheritance
Lake Miwok 7u/unu unique
Luiseño push-la inheritance
Maidu hu/lup'i\t'i “berry” unknown
Mutsun toynon “small fruit” loan NW (JPH)
Northern Paiute pui berry, seed inheritance SAA 1982:30
Salinan A tata (A), unknown
Salinan M pamputen unknown Mason 1918:129
Seri (Comcaac) hehe is “general term” unknown
Serrano pikwa-T “berry” inheritance
Southern Paiute pogo-N “currant” inheritance
Southern Ute to”o”7napI unique
Tübatulabal ahnt “berries” (generic) unknown
Tümpisa Shoshone huuppi “berry (red)” inheritance
Wappo sho/mo7 sh is s hachek unknown
Washo demuc'úc'uʔ ʔí:bik'i unknown Washo Project
Western Mono tu/kU “berries, fruit” unknown
Wintu 7im “berry” inheritance SH05
Yavapai (?)ha_ni unknown
Yuki mam “berry, nut, seed” inheritance S&S1984
Baniwa iináka, haikóthe iináka, haikóthe inheritance See Language page
Carijona eheru (SM) inheritance See Language page
Cubeo jẽidʉ xẽidɨ unique See Language page
Dâw eg ʔæg inheritance See Language page
Desano dʉca dɨka inheritance See Language page
Eñepa -yempan (IDS) -jempan (IDS) inheritance See Language page
Hodï hu; tale; atei unique See Language page
Waorani tõbẽ-ka unique See Language page
Hup ʔág ʔág inheritance See Language page
Kakua keʔe4 daʔ4 [H&R] inheritance See Language page
Makushi yekkari (IDS) yekkari (IDS) semantic shift flower See Language page
Nheengatu iwa iwa inheritance See Language page
Ninam himo (EM72) himo inheritance See Language page
Nukak daʔ4 inheritance See Language page
Maihiki acue ja akue xã inheritance See Language page
Pemon eperu, i-te, enapue (A1981) epeɾu, ite, enapue (A1981) inheritance See Language page
Resígaro niíkú niíkú unknown poss. inheritance See Language page
Sanumá thomothomo (EM72) tʰomotʰomo unique See Language page
Sikuani pe-kuái-to inheritance Sik-Cuiva-Playero group See Language page
Tariana hekuda, haikuda hekuda, haikuda inheritance See Language page
Tukano dɨká, juki dɨká dɨká, juki dɨká inheritance E Tuk See Language page
Kotiria dicha diʰʧá inheritance E Tuk See Language page
Yanomam himohimo himohimo inheritance See Language page
Yanomami himo, himohimo himo, himohimo inheritance See Language page
Yukuna íchaji ítʃahi inheritance See Language page
Yuhup ʔag ʔag inheritance See Language page
Arabana kati unique
Bardi mayi mayi inheritance
Bunuba [missing] missing
Burarra balaja unknown
Dhangu baḏalaŋ
Dhuwal gäku inheritance
Dhuwala gäku inheritance
Diyari tanta inheritance
DiyariREU [missing] missing
Djambarrpuyngu gäku inheritance
Djapu murnyaŋ'
Djinang djal unknown
Gajirrabeng maying inheritance
Gooniyandi manyi
Gupapuyngu rrothi loan
Gurindji mangarri loan Mirndi
Jaru mangarri loan
Karajarri mai loan
Kija mayi- 'veg food' inheritance
Malyangapa Mal: manhu loan direction unknown
Mangala mayi loan areal
Miriwung maying inheritance
Mithaka mangka inheritance
Mudburra yurrwalyi
Mudburra nanbari unique
Ngamini tandra inheritance
Ngandi dhakirditj inheritance
Ngarluma japaja
Ngumbarl mai <mai> inheritance
Nhirrpi mulhuRu unique
Northern Mangarla mayi
Northern Nyangumarta karlukarlu
Nyangumarta kalyawari unique
Paakantyi manhu
Pirriya kunga
Pitta-Pitta yanhthurrhu unique
Rirratjingu ŋatha
Ritharrngu dhakardatj loan
Walmajarri miyi loan
Wangkayutyuru [missing] missing
Wubuy dhaagardaj inheritance
Yan-nhangu biti
Yandruwandha bukatandra unique
Yarluyandi kunduru unique
Yawarrawarrka tandra doubtful loan Ngamini
Yawuru mayi mayi inheritance
Achagua íta, ítali íta, ítali inheritance See Language page
Piapoco ìyacanási ìjakanási See Language page
Kabiyari ʔahajaka ?ahajaka See Language page
Yavitero átasi átasi See Language page
Wapishana akaj akaj inheritance See Language page
Paresi hiriwa hiriwa unique See Language page
Ignaciano taʔi See Language page
Baure #NAME? #NAME? unknown See Language page
Waurá #NAME? #NAME? inheritance See Language page
Cha'palaa 'puka Has meaning of round (spherical) or mound-like. See 'stone' 01.440; 'eye' 04.210; 'ankle' 04.371; 'calf (leg)' 04.352; 'heart' 04.440; 'seed' 08.311; 'knot' 09.192; 'wheel' 10.760; 'ball' 12.830. Adam's Apple is 'pih-'puka. See Language page
Bora čeéne, imʸéxï, néeβa, neeβa-pa čɛέnɛ, imʲέxɯ, nέɛβa, nɛɛβa-pa unique See Language page
Muinane óbáxákímaxe óbáxákímaxɛ See Language page
Akawaio eebeeruu e'beru inheritance; unique See Language page
Akawaio/Ingariko dialect ma:ni ma:ni See Language page
Apalai epery eperɨ inheritance See Language page
Wayana epelï epelɨ inheritance See Language page
Tiriyó eperu eperu inheritance See Language page
Makiritare čə̄hɨdɨ̄-hɨdɨ (IDS) čə̄hɨdɨ̄-hɨdɨ (IDS) inheritance See Language page
Mapoyo teperu teperu See Language page
Wai Wai o-nah-rɨ o-nah-rɨ unique See Language page
Yabarana te'pe:ɾu See Language page
Yukpa uepüri, viüpüre, yopüre, epürö See Language page
Muisca quyeuba kuɨeuβa See Language page
Barí kaaraba *Chibchan form is *uba. See Language page
Northern Emberá néehõ, dyitáa, mã́ŋgo-hõ, nãrã́ha-hõ néehõ, dʒitáa, mã́ŋgo-hõ, nãrã́ha-hõ See Language page
Epena 'ne-hõ A large fruit, lit. 'gen.-fruit'. See Language page
Guayabero nae-báeʧ (ne-báeʧ, pa-báeʧ = 'fruto del árbol' - 'tree fruit') unique See Language page
Macaguan pe-bɨ, pe-pútan unique See Language page
Cuiva pe-tʰéi-to, pe-kuéi-to fruta, fruit Huber & Reed 1992:156
Playero ne-kúibɨ See Language page
Cofán na, tetacho na, tɛtatʃo phonemic transcriptions are ESTIMATIONS See Language page
Candoshi-Shapra vanoosi vanoosi unique See Language page
Páez non non See Language page
Tikuna o4xri5 (A58) oʔri unique See Language page
Urarina iɲaa iɲaa unique See Language page
Camsa ʃaxuan-bé ʃaxuan-bé See Language page
Andoke #NAME? #NAME? unique See Language page
Pumé čo See Language page
Puinave [-kam] kam doubtful loan, direction unknown Maku ku:mu See Language page
Máku ku:mu See Language page
Ashuar nére nɨrɨ See Language page
Huambisa nere nɨrɨ See Language page
Aguaruna jigkái, néje xingkai, nɨxɨ unique; inheritance See Language page
Nadëb/Roçado dialect ʔag inheritance See Language page
Nadëb/Rio Negro dialect ʔag See Language page
Matses bacuë, mapi bakuɨ, mapi unique See Language page
Kakataibo βimi *Panoan *βimi. See Language page
Katukina βimi See Language page
Pacahuara 'kɨo A type of fruit. d'Orb vimi, huimi. 'Pineapple' d'Orb kakana. See Language page
Shipibo-Konibo βimi See Language page
Yaminahua βimi See Language page
Chácobo βimi; kama mɨkɨnɨ; kɨo βimi; kama mɨkɨnɨ; kɨo inheritance See Language page
Yagua dabi dabi unique See Language page
Southern Pastaza Quechua muyu muju See Language page
Ingá chiwilla, maku tʃiwiʎa, maku See Language page
Napo Lowland Quichua muyu muju See Language page
Quechua Ayacuchano ruru ɾuɾu See Language page
Piaroa u'wEhu o'báh uɁwæhu oɁbáh inheritance See Language page
Sáliva ipu ipu inheritance See Language page
Bará dɨ'ka See Language page
Barasano riká riká See Language page
Carapana 'ka-rika 'ka-rika See Language page
Makuna rica; wild fruits: dʉjo; ñuanori; ũcu ɾika; dɨxo; juanoɾi; ĩku inheritance See Language page
Yuruti 'díkaa 'díkaa See Language page
Waikhana dɨ'ka dɨ'ka See Language page
Siriano ju'kú dɨ'ka ju'kú dɨ'ka See Language page
Tanimuca õ'te ri'kia õ'te ri'kia inheritance See Language page
Tatuyo ka-rika ka-rika See Language page
Tuyuka dɨ'ká dɨ'ká See Language page
Waimaja dikʰá dikʰá See Language page
Koreguaje kʉisi'pʉ kʉisiʔpʉ inheritance See Language page
Siona ta'nto taʔnto inheritance; unknown See Language page
Secoya quëise'e kɨ̃ĩsɛʔɛ See Language page
Karitiana epe´o epeʔo unknown See Language page
Kokama ɨwɨria ɨwɨria inheritance See Language page
Wayampi ʔa ʔa inheritance See Language page
Aché yaʔa inheritance See Language page
Chiriguano aa; ia inheritance See Language page
Paraguayan Guaraní a; ɨva See Language page
Sirionó ea ea inheritance See Language page
Kamayurá ˀɑ ˀɑ inheritance See Language page
Ocaina dyaajun, juxaan dʲaahɯ̃, hɯxãã unique See Language page
Nɨpode Witoto rí.a rí.a See Language page
Minica Witoto rí.a rí.a See Language page
Murui Witoto riara, llɨsilla riara, dʒɯθidʒa (B83) inheritance/Witoto See Language page
Iquito íniija íniiha unique See Language page
Záparo tuicha tuitʃa See Language page
Wari memem; winain memem; winain See Language page
Araona haha Also means 'seed' 08.311. *Tacn form is *xaxa. Various fruits: *Tacn forms are *akićo; *no(ʔ)i. See Language page
Ese Ejja e-xaxa inheritance See Language page
Ese Ejja/Huarayo e-xaxa e-xaxa See Language page
Tacana ehaha Also means 'seed' 08.311; 'testicle' 04.490. See Language page
Cavineña akʷiho; e-kaka; no(ʔ)i; ca-rena (G71) akʷiho; e-kaka; no(ʔ)i; ka-rena (G71) unknown See Language page
Central Aymara phurut´a (Spanish loan?) muχsaaču See Language page
Itonama ahmimɨhwa See Language page
Kwazá tsytõi, -tõi, etũi, -ko (the latter refers to big fruit ) tsytõi, -tõi, etũi, -ko (the latter refers to big fruit ) See Language page
Mosetén-Chimané weš; 'tatu See Language page
Movima ɓaɓa-kʷa ɓaɓa-kʷa See Language page
Trumai deat ~ deiat deat ~ deiat unique See Language page
Kaingang ka kanẽ -kanɛ̃; ka kanɛ̃ See Language page
Canela aʔ-tuu *Jê form is *tu; *tuɲ. See Language page
Suyá ywĩsɨ jwĩsɨ See Language page
Karajá bəderatɨ See Language page
Djeoromitxi kuka kuka See Language page
Mocoví l-a See Language page
Pilagá hal-a Lit. '3pp-fruit/seed' 08.311; also means 'seed'. See Language page
Toba al-a Same as 'seed' 08.311. See Language page
Lengua ik-yithna See Language page
Sanapaná/Dialect Angaité panaktima akyiɬna See Language page
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet akyeɬna; akyeɬnama See Language page
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay to-kos-'ɬaʔ See Language page
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja laʔ (m.) See Language page
Maca ɬeʔ (f.) See Language page
Nivaclé -aʔ fruit https://ids.clld.org/
Ayoreo aa See Language page
Mapudungun fɨn̯ From Augusta 1915. See Language page
Tehuelche 'ḳˀoʔn; 'ḳōn Respectively: also means 'sugar' 05.850; 'fruta de calafate'. See Language page
Lokono iwi iwi fruit Pet 1987:358
Kariña munu munu fruit Yamada 2010:775