Hunter-Gatherer Language Database

how?

Semantic Field: grammar
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish: como
Meaning Portuguese: como

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Language	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Loan Source	General Notes	Source
Achagua	úhni:…-kaa, léhta	úhni:…-kaa, léhta		unique			See Language page
Aché		bue rõ		inheritance			See Language page
Aguaruna	wajúk	waxuk		unique			See Language page
Apalai	otãto	otãto		unique			See Language page
Arabana	thiyara			unique
Araona		kʷipa, kʷipac̷io, hada					See Language page
Ashuar	itúr, itiúr	itur, itiur					See Language page
Ayoreo		iiso'kaarike				See 17.490.	See Language page
Baniwa	kóame	kóame		unique			See Language page
Barasano	dõ bahi-ro	dõ bahi-ro					See Language page
Bardi	nyirroogoord	nyirrukurd		inheritance
Bará		de'ero					See Language page
Barí		aangka				Colombia: ʔəəbəʔ (?).	See Language page
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone	hakani “of being”			inheritance
Bora	mïʔtï	mɯʔtɯ		inheritance			See Language page
Bunuba	[missing]			missing
Burarra	[missing]			missing
Cahuilla	mexanuk			inheritance			S&H 1979
Camsa	ntɕámo	ntɕámo					See Language page
Candoshi-Shapra	tamáapari	tamáapaɾi		unique			See Language page
Carapana	'dópe	'dópe					See Language page
Carijona	ətɨke			inheritance			See Language page
Cavineña	a(ʔ)i	a(ʔ)i		unique			See Language page
Central Aymara		kumasa					See Language page
Cha'palaa		'neh-'t-aa; 'na-ih-tu; 'naaʔ-'ih-tu				Also 'naa 'i-tu.	See Language page
Chemehuevi	haga/niga(i)			inheritance
Chipaya		xaknuš					See Language page
Chiriguano		kerẽi-pa		unique			See Language page
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja		napa					See Language page
Chumash Barbareno	7akim			unknown			Wash 2001:88
Chumash Ineseno	tak'u Applegate 20			inheritance			A20
Chumash Obispeno	hatYu (in “Como estas?”)			inheritance			JPH
Chumash Ventureno	nelka7a7an “como esta..., cual es”			unknown			JPH
Chácobo	hɨ-nawa	hɨ-nawa		unknown			See Language page
Cocopa	km7ap “how can it be?			unknown
Cofán	ma'caen	maʔkãɛ				phonemic transcriptions are ESTIMATIONS	See Language page
Comanche	hakani			inheritance
Cubeo	aipe; aipe ðarĩ	aipe; aipe ðaɾĩ		unique			See Language page
Cuiva		éta bíʧi	como, how				Huber & Reed 1992:302
Cupeño	mixanuk	[mixənuk]		inheritance
Desano	doʔ'pa	doʔ'pa		inheritance			See Language page
Dhangu	nhalpiyan			unknown
Dhuwal	nhämirr			inheritance
Dhuwala	[missing]			missing
Diyari	[missing]			missing
DiyariREU	[missing]			missing
Djambarrpuyngu	[missing]			missing
Djapu	[missing]			missing
Djeoromitxi	hatxinĩ	hatʃinĩ					See Language page
Djinang	mir nyaliki			unknown
Dâw	rĩn’	hĩn’		inheritance			See Language page
Epena		'sãga					See Language page
Ese Ejja		yaxa; ačaxa		unique			See Language page
Ese Ejja/Huarayo	ača-kwa	ača-kwa					See Language page
Eñepa	sɨnkae (IDS)	sɨnkae (IDS)		inheritance			See Language page
Gabrielino	7ava:xa “how is?”,			unknown
Gajirrabeng	gawoob			inheritance
Gooniyandi	[missing]			missing
Guayabero		ma-, maáʧ		inheritance			See Language page
Gupapuyngu	[missing]			missing
Gurindji	nyatpa			inheritance
Hodï		hibɨ		unique			See Language page
Huambisa	itursampa	itursampa					See Language page
Hup	hɨ̃p	~hɨp		inheritance			See Language page
Iipay 'Aa	meyuu, mu'yuu	[məˈjuˑ˅], [mʊˈjuˑ˅]		inheritance
Iquito	jɨ'ɨtarata	hɨ'ɨtarata		unique			See Language page
Itonama		i-toʔko					See Language page
Jaru	nyarrwa			inheritance
Kaingang	ri	ri; hɛ̃ri ke					See Language page
Kakua		dêdn-paʔ		inheritance			See Language page
Kamayurá	mawite	mawite		inheritance			See Language page
Karajarri	wanyjarra			inheritance
Kariña	fa	fa	how				Yamada 2010:735
Karitiana	tikat	tikat		unknown			See Language page
Katukina		hɨ̃kɨs a-šõ-ra				There are other expressions for this concept.	See Language page
Kawaiisu	ha-ga-ni			inheritance
Kija	kapu			inheritance
Kiliwa	p+aux			unknown			Mixco 1985
Kitanemuk	haminat “how (are you)?”			inheritance
Kokama	mañatipa	maɲatipa		inheritance			See Language page
Koreguaje	ũcuaʉache	ũkuaʉakhe		inheritance			See Language page
Kotiria	do'se	doʰʔse		inheritance	Branch 2, E Tuk		See Language page
Lake Miwok	hi/nti			inheritance
Lengua		hathko					See Language page
Lokono	alika	alika	how				Pet 1987:360
Luiseño	micha-xa/ni-nuk			inheritance
Maca		pan ɬunyex				ɬunyex means 'equal, alike'.	See Language page
Macaguan		banekía		inheritance			See Language page
Maidu	hesa/sa			unknown
Maihiki	iyi	iji		unique			See Language page
Makiritare	ākene (IDS)	ākene (IDS)		inheritance			See Language page
Makuna	dõ bahi-ro	dõ bahi-ro		inheritance			See Language page
Makushi	oʔnon yeʔka (IDS)	oʔnon yeʔka (IDS)		unique			See Language page
Malyangapa	[missing]			missing
Mangala	jarrani			unique
Mapoyo	tonwari	tonwari					See Language page
Mapudungun		čumweči				Ranquel form is čum; čumeči ~ čumŋeči.	See Language page
Matses	midapad, mitsipad	midapad, mitsipad		unknown			See Language page
Minica Witoto	nḯ.eθe, nedi	nɯ́.ɛθɛ, nɛdi					See Language page
Miriwung	?gaboob			inheritance
Mithaka	[missing]			missing
Mocoví		negeʔ				Expression, that says 'How? Impossible!' (=it can't be!) is woseʔ-ket.	See Language page
Mojave	missing			missing
Mosetén-Chimané		'hoiɲka				Cf. 'why?' 17.690.	See Language page
Movima	han-win̉	han-win̉					See Language page
Mudburra	ngadarra
Mudburra	ngadarra			inheritance?
Muinane	mɨdʒɨ	mɨdʒɨ					See Language page
Muisca	ia hacobe	ia hakoβe					See Language page
Murui Witoto	nɨese, nɨe	nɯɛθɛ, nɯɛ (B83)		unique			See Language page
Mutsun	hinka-hte “how be?”			inheritance			O77:317
Nadëb/Roçado dialect		nɨ:h da:		inheritance			See Language page
Napo Lowland Quichua	imasna	imasna					See Language page
Ngamini	wananda			unique
Ngandi	X			missing
Ngarluma	wantharni			inheritance
Nheengatu	maupé	maupɛ		inheritance			See Language page
Nhirrpi	[missing]			missing
Ninam	haperinah (EM72)	hapeɾinah		unique			See Language page
Nisenan	homa:ti/n			inheritance			Text p. 22 S 12
Nivaclé		ta ɬ-xunaš; eʔana	how?				https://ids.clld.org/
Northern Emberá	zãoá	zãoá					See Language page
Northern Mangarla	[missing]			missing
Northern Nyangumarta	[missing]			missing
Northern Paiute	ha7u			inheritance			Thornes 03:188
Northern Sierra Miwok	minto			inheritance
Nukak		dɛdn-pãʔ1		inheritance			See Language page
Nyangumarta	wayirti			unique
Nɨpode Witoto	naitó	naitó					See Language page
Ocaina	dsoh; dsohfuurá	dzoʔ; dzoʔɸɯɯrá		unique			See Language page
Paakantyi	[missing]			missing
Pacahuara		haiʔt-'ee-ta				Lit. 'what(WH-marker)-do-cont.'.	See Language page
Paraguayan Guaraní		ᵐba'ʔeiča					See Language page
Paresi	aliyakere	aliyakere		unique			See Language page
Pemon	warante, -pe, tukai, warai (A1981); ö'tukaik (M2000)	waɾante, pe, tukai, waɾai (A1981)		inheritance			See Language page
Piapoco	càiná, cawiná, jài	kàiná, kawiná, hài					See Language page
Piaroa	hua'u kO'ra'nɨh	huaɁu kɤɁraɁnɨh		unique			See Language page
Pilagá		ikai aktaha					See Language page
Pirriya	[missing]			missing
Pitta-Pitta	withila			unique
Plains Miwok	hi:ti			inheritance
Playero		dahaʧíwa (wanaʧia, ínʧhabai)					See Language page
Puinave	bə-he	bə-he		unique			See Language page
Pumé	yʊta da-rĩ						See Language page
Páez	máuño	mauɲo					See Language page
Qawasqar		ḳwa				Also means 'what?'	See Language page
Quechua Ayacuchano	imayna	imayna					See Language page
Rirratjingu	[missing]			missing
Ritharrngu	X			missing
Salinan A	ake- p. 35			unknown
Salinan M	missing			missing
Sanapaná/Dialect Angaité		koho; ko ɬaʔa; ɬaʔ akteema; ɬaʔa mˀaa ye					See Language page
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet		hawɨ-kɨska					See Language page
Sanumá	mina, wina (EM72)	mina, wina		unique; inheritance			See Language page
Secoya	me	me					See Language page
Seri (Comcaac)	zi/mo, zo/			unknown
Serrano	hami:n'			inheritance
Shipibo-Konibo		maɲi̯					See Language page
Sikuani		pa-kuénia (dé:tsa: pa-kuénia, int.)		inheritance			See Language page
Siona	queaca	keaka		inheritance			See Language page
Siriano	dãʔ'ã-sũ	dãʔ'ã-sũ					See Language page
Sirionó	kʷaha; kʷa ni da	kʷaha; kʷa ni da		unique			See Language page
Southern Paiute	aga-n:i “how? to act how? to do what?			inheritance
Southern Pastaza Quechua	imashna	imaʃna					See Language page
Southern Sierra Miwok	micyk-na-tho-j (na2)			inheritance
Southern Ute	ag'a			inheritance
Suyá	nuká	nuká					See Language page
Sáliva	ñehẽ, umehexa	ɲeʔẽ, umeʔexa		unique			See Language page
Tacana		'ʔ-ee-t-ek				Lit. '3p actor-do-direct-obj.'.	See Language page
Tanimuca	bãrãkãʔ'ã	bãrãkãʔ'ã		unique			See Language page
Tatuyo	dópe baí-ro	dópe baí-ro					See Language page
Taushiro	entehan	ɨndɨhan					See Language page
Tehuelche		'kenkˀ					See Language page
Tikuna	ñuxacü [3-5, 5, 5]	ɲuʔakɨ		unique			See Language page
Tiriyó	eeke	eeke		inheritance			See Language page
Toba		ooyo					See Language page
Trinitario		hele-am-nuk					See Language page
Trumai	hele-am-nuk	hele-am-nuk		unique			See Language page
Tukano	deʔró	deʔró		inheritance	Branch 2, E Tuk		See Language page
Tuyuka	de'éro	de'éro					See Language page
Tübatulabal	ha7ic						V1935:165
Tümpisa Shoshone	hakani (how, what, of something done)			inheritance
Urarina	dʒatoaneĩ	tʃatoaneĩ		unique			See Language page
Wai Wai	ahče wa	ahče wa		unique			See Language page
Waikhana	dɨʔ'se	dɨʔ'se					See Language page
Waimaja	dõõ ('bíiro), 'jẽ́ẽ́	dõõ ('bíiro), 'jẽ́ẽ́					See Language page
Waimiri Atroari	ire'	ireʔ					See Language page
Walmajarri	nyapartukarra			inheritance
Wangkayutyuru	thilapada			unique
Waorani	æ-bã-dõ kæ-te			unique			See Language page
Wapishana	naʔapam	naʔapam		unique			See Language page
Wappo	7iha/7			unknown
Washo	hu/nga			unknown			J174
Waurá	ka-ic̷e-pei	ka-i¢e-pei		unique			See Language page
Wayampi	manɨwɔ	manɨwɔ		inheritance			See Language page
Wayana	ta	ta		unique			See Language page
Wayuu		hamɨ-sɨ					See Language page
Western Mono	hani/7, hani7i/-tU			inheritance
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay		eeʔ e'wuye					See Language page
Wintu	hen			inheritance
Wubuy	X			missing
Yagua	nuy- (interr. Pref.); nutyajirya; nutyara	nu:j; nu:tjaxirja; nu:tjara		unique			See Language page
Yaminahua		yʊta da-rĩ					See Language page
Yan-nhangu	[missing]			missing
Yandruwandha	ilayarndu, yarndu, minhanyadi,			unique
Yanomam	wetinaha	wetinaha		inheritance			See Language page
Yanomami	wet naha	wet naha		inheritance			See Language page
Yarluyandi	[missing]			missing
Yavapai	ka/(v)			unknown
Yavitero	jlána	hlána					See Language page
Yawarrawarrka	[missing]			missing
Yawuru	dyalanyurdany	jalanyurdany		unique
Yokuts Yowlumne	hawy-			inheritance			306 K 1907
Yuhup	nɨ̌h	~dɨ̌h		inheritance			See Language page
Yuki	haymas			inheritance			S&S 1984
Yukpa	maisi, ot, otask, otaska, otatka, otasere, otna, otnái						See Language page
Yukuna	meke	meke		unique			See Language page
Yuruti	'dáiro	'dáiro					See Language page
Záparo	tiya	tija					See Language page


Achagua
Aché
Aguaruna
Apalai
Arabana
Araona
Ashuar
Ayoreo
Baniwa
Barasano
Bardi
Bará
Barí
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone
Bora
Bunuba
Burarra
Cahuilla
Camsa
Candoshi-Shapra
Carapana
Carijona
Cavineña
Central Aymara
Cha'palaa
Chemehuevi
Chipaya
Chiriguano
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja
Chumash Barbareno
Chumash Ineseno
Chumash Obispeno
Chumash Ventureno
Chácobo
Cocopa
Cofán
Comanche
Cubeo
Cuiva
Cupeño
Desano
Dhangu
Dhuwal
Dhuwala
Diyari
DiyariREU
Djambarrpuyngu
Djapu
Djeoromitxi
Djinang
Dâw
Epena
Ese Ejja
Ese Ejja/Huarayo
Eñepa
Gabrielino
Gajirrabeng
Gooniyandi
Guayabero
Gupapuyngu
Gurindji
Hodï
Huambisa
Hup
Iipay 'Aa
Iquito
Itonama
Jaru
Kaingang
Kakua
Kamayurá
Karajarri
Kariña
Karitiana
Katukina
Kawaiisu
Kija
Kiliwa
Kitanemuk
Kokama
Koreguaje
Kotiria
Lake Miwok
Lengua
Lokono
Luiseño
Maca
Macaguan
Maidu
Maihiki
Makiritare
Makuna
Makushi
Malyangapa
Mangala
Mapoyo
Mapudungun
Matses
Minica Witoto
Miriwung
Mithaka
Mocoví
Mojave
Mosetén-Chimané
Movima
Mudburra
Mudburra
Muinane
Muisca
Murui Witoto
Mutsun
Nadëb/Roçado dialect
Napo Lowland Quichua
Ngamini
Ngandi
Ngarluma
Nheengatu
Nhirrpi
Ninam
Nisenan
Nivaclé
Northern Emberá
Northern Mangarla
Northern Nyangumarta
Northern Paiute
Northern Sierra Miwok
Nukak
Nyangumarta
Nɨpode Witoto
Ocaina
Paakantyi
Pacahuara
Paraguayan Guaraní
Paresi
Pemon
Piapoco
Piaroa
Pilagá
Pirriya
Pitta-Pitta
Plains Miwok
Playero
Puinave
Pumé
Páez
Qawasqar
Quechua Ayacuchano
Rirratjingu
Ritharrngu
Salinan A
Salinan M
Sanapaná/Dialect Angaité
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet
Sanumá
Secoya
Seri (Comcaac)
Serrano
Shipibo-Konibo
Sikuani
Siona
Siriano
Sirionó
Southern Paiute
Southern Pastaza Quechua
Southern Sierra Miwok
Southern Ute
Suyá
Sáliva
Tacana
Tanimuca
Tatuyo
Taushiro
Tehuelche
Tikuna
Tiriyó
Toba
Trinitario
Trumai
Tukano
Tuyuka
Tübatulabal
Tümpisa Shoshone
Urarina
Wai Wai
Waikhana
Waimaja
Waimiri Atroari
Walmajarri
Wangkayutyuru
Waorani
Wapishana
Wappo
Washo
Waurá
Wayampi
Wayana
Wayuu
Western Mono
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay
Wintu
Wubuy
Yagua
Yaminahua
Yan-nhangu
Yandruwandha
Yanomam
Yanomami
Yarluyandi
Yavapai
Yavitero
Yawarrawarrka
Yawuru
Yokuts Yowlumne
Yuhup
Yuki
Yukpa
Yukuna
Yuruti
Záparo

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