spearthrower
- Semantic Field
- subsistence tool
- Part of Speech
- Meaning Spanish
- Meaning Portuguese
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Languages
| Language | Orthographic Form | Phonemicized Form | Gloss as in Source | Etymology Code | Proto-Form | Proto-Language | Loan Source | Wanderwort Status | Etyma Set | Etymology Notes | Word Structure | Word Structure Notes | General Notes | Source |
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Language | Orthographic Form | Phonemicized Form | Gloss as in Source | Etymology Code | Proto-Form | Proto-Language | Loan Source | Wanderwort Status | Etyma Set | Etymology Notes | Word Structure | Word Structure Notes | General Notes | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arabana | amira | inheritance | ||||||||||||
| Bankalachi Toloim | ah'-le “bow” 187; ālit (K1907) | inheritance | ||||||||||||
| Bardi | yarnkal XXŋl porrowiŋ in Barti, pty of initial y- | loan | ||||||||||||
| Bardi | ngabaliny | ngabaliny | inheritance | |||||||||||
| Big Smokey Valley Shoshone | aitikko “bow”; aiti “bow and arrow, gun” | inheritance | ||||||||||||
| Bunuba | ngawalu | loan | Gajirrabeng | WW | %ngapale | |||||||||
| Bunuba | ngawalu | inheritance | ||||||||||||
| Burarra | mariŋgul | loan direction unknown | ||||||||||||
| Burarra | maringgul | loan direction unknown | ||||||||||||
| Cahuilla | hul (bow) | inheritance | S&H 1979 | |||||||||||
| Central Sierra Miwok | sho/l:uku- “bow” | unknown | ||||||||||||
| Chemehuevi | ac(y)/ “gun, bow” | inheritance | ||||||||||||
| Chumash Barbareno | 7ax “bow” | inheritance | Klar 1977:71 | |||||||||||
| Chumash Cruzeno | tup'an “bow” | unknown | Klar 1999 | |||||||||||
| Chumash Ineseno | 7ax “bow” | inheritance | Klar 1977:71 | |||||||||||
| Chumash Obispeno | 7axa | inheritance | Klar 1977:51 | |||||||||||
| Chumash Ventureno | 7ax “bow” | inheritance | Klar 1977:71 | |||||||||||
| Cocopa | 7i:ci/m, 7i:ci\maya:/ “bow (and arrow)” | unknown | ||||||||||||
| Comanche | eety “bow” | inheritance | ||||||||||||
| Cupeño | kutapish “bow” | inheritance | ||||||||||||
| Dhangu | gaḻpu | inheritance | ||||||||||||
| Dhangu | gaḻpu | unknown | ||||||||||||
| Dhay’yi | garlpu | inheritance | ||||||||||||
| Dhuwal | maŋal | unique | ||||||||||||
| Dhuwal | gaḻpu | |||||||||||||
| Dhuwala | biḏitj | unknown | ||||||||||||
| DiyariREU | [missing] | missing | ||||||||||||
| Djambarrpuyngu | biḏitj | unknown | ||||||||||||
| Djapu | garlpu | inheritance | ||||||||||||
| Djapu | gaḻpu | unknown | ||||||||||||
| Djinang | mariŋgal | loan direction unknown | ||||||||||||
| Djinang | maringgal | loan direction unknown | ||||||||||||
| Dâw | -- | -- | missing | See Language page | ||||||||||
| Esselen | paxu-nax “bow” | loan | Shaul 1995 | |||||||||||
| Gabrielino | -ku:cap "bow" | unknown | ||||||||||||
| Gajirrabeng | kuyangkin | unknown | from tree sp. | from tree sp. | ||||||||||
| Gajirrabeng | ngabeleng | inheritance | ||||||||||||
| Gooniyandi | ngawali | loan | Gajirrabeng | WW | %ngapale | |||||||||
| Gooniyandi | ngawali | loan | ||||||||||||
| Gumatj | narrityin | unique | ||||||||||||
| Gupapuyngu | maŋal | unique | ||||||||||||
| Gupapuyngu | biḏitj | unknown | ||||||||||||
| Gurindji | warlmayi | inheritance | WW | %walmayi | ||||||||||
| Gurindji | warlmayi | inheritance | ||||||||||||
| Jaru | tyalykatyi | loan | Mudburra | long; short -ngarlika; tyaly hook up -INST | ||||||||||
| Jaru | bigirri | loan | ||||||||||||
| Jawi | yangal | loan | ||||||||||||
| Jawi | yangal | yangal | inheritance | |||||||||||
| Jingulu | ngarlika | inheritance | also warlmayi;Wambaya ngarlika/ngarlana | |||||||||||
| Karajarri | ŋapaliny | loan | Nyulnyulan | WW | %ngapale | |||||||||
| Karajarri | warlparra | inheritance | ||||||||||||
| Kawaiisu | 7edy “bow” | inheritance | ||||||||||||
| Kija | ngawalel | inheritance | WW | %ngapale | Gaj. Ngapale= | |||||||||
| Kija | ngawal- | inheritance | ||||||||||||
| Kiliwa | h+tim | inheritance | Mixco 1985 | |||||||||||
| Kitanemuk | pachukt “bow” | loan direction unknown | ||||||||||||
| Lake Miwok | ko/ono “bow” | loan direction unknown | ||||||||||||
| Luiseño | ku/tupish “bow” | inheritance | ||||||||||||
| Maidu | pa/ndak'a\, pandakto “bow” | inheritance | ||||||||||||
| Malyangapa | Mal: thardu-pira | unique | ||||||||||||
| Mangala | walparra | loan direction unknown | WW | %walparra | ||||||||||
| Mangala | walbara (T) | unknown | ||||||||||||
| Miriwung | ngawaleng | semantic shift | <corkwood tree, main timber for w. | |||||||||||
| Miriwung | ngawaleng | inheritance | ||||||||||||
| Mithaka | wamaja | inheritance | ||||||||||||
| Mojave | 7utis “bow” | inheritance | ||||||||||||
| Mudburra | tyalkatyi | inheritance | tyal 'hook up spear' - katyi nomic | complex | tyal 'hook up spear' +katyi nomic | |||||||||
| Mudburra | jalkaji | |||||||||||||
| Mudburra | jalkaji | loan | ||||||||||||
| Mutsun | lawa:n “bow” | inheritance | O77:145 | |||||||||||
| Ngamini | kukuru | unique | ||||||||||||
| Ngandi | o-bornrdok | inheritance? | ||||||||||||
| Ngarluma | warlparra | loan | ||||||||||||
| Ngarluma | meero | |||||||||||||
| Ngumbarl | yoongara | yungara | loan into protolanguage | |||||||||||
| Nhirrpi | pinyi | unique | ||||||||||||
| Nimanburru | yankal | doubtful loan | ||||||||||||
| Nimanburru | yangal | yankal | inheritance | |||||||||||
| Nisenan | pandak “bow” | inheritance | ||||||||||||
| Northern Mangarla | [missing] | missing | ||||||||||||
| Northern Nyangumarta | walparra | inheritance | ||||||||||||
| Northern Paiute | aty7 | inheritance | Nichols 1974:47 | |||||||||||
| Northern Sierra Miwok | kyc:a- “bow” | doubtful loan into protolanguage | ||||||||||||
| Nyangumarta | walparra | loan direction unknown | WW | %walparra | ||||||||||
| Nyangumarta | walparra | |||||||||||||
| Nyikina | ŋapaliny | inheritance | ||||||||||||
| Nyikina | ngabaliny | ŋabaliny | inheritance | |||||||||||
| Nyulnyul | ngabaliny | inheritance | ||||||||||||
| Nyulnyul | yongar | yonkar | loan into protolanguage | |||||||||||
| Paakantyi | (not used) | missing | ||||||||||||
| Pirriya | “warga” | unique | ||||||||||||
| Pitta-Pitta | wamirra | inheritance | ||||||||||||
| Plains Miwok | k2c:a-, kyc:a- “bow” | doubtful loan into protolanguage | ||||||||||||
| Rembarrnga | marnrturru | unique | ||||||||||||
| Rirratjingu | [missing] | missing | ||||||||||||
| Ritharrngu | murruku7 | unique | ||||||||||||
| Ritharrngu | murruku' | loan | ||||||||||||
| Salinan A | xak'e/i7, xak' (A only, pl xak'eL) “bow” | loan | ||||||||||||
| Salinan M | paxuwe/ 'bow' | loan direction unknown | Mason 1918:131 | |||||||||||
| Seri (Comcaac) | haacni “bow” | unknown | ||||||||||||
| Serrano | Suma:n-t bow, arrow, bow-and-arrow | inheritance | ||||||||||||
| Southern Paiute | atcy-S bow | inheritance | ||||||||||||
| Southern Sierra Miwok | jaw:e- “bow” | unique | ||||||||||||
| Southern Ute | aachI, aa/chI | inheritance | ||||||||||||
| Tübatulabal | aali-tt “bow” | inheritance | ||||||||||||
| Tümpisa Shoshone | huu7etyn (atlatl, bow) | inheritance | ||||||||||||
| Walmajarri | ngapaliny | loan | Gajirrabeng | WW | %ngapale | |||||||||
| Walmajarri | ngapaliny | inheritance | ||||||||||||
| Wangkayutyuru | [missing] | missing | ||||||||||||
| Wappo | lu/k'a | unknown | ||||||||||||
| Wardaman | kuyanggin | unknown | ||||||||||||
| Warrwa | yungkarra; yarngal | loan | ||||||||||||
| Warrwa | yunggarra; yarngal | yungkarra; yarngal | inheritance | |||||||||||
| Washo | 7um-ba7lo/hat | unknown | J415 | |||||||||||
| Western Mono | e/di/ “bow, gun, weapon” | inheritance | ||||||||||||
| Wintu | k'ulu:l “bow” | loan direction unknown | ||||||||||||
| Wubuy | murrugu | inheritance? | ||||||||||||
| Yan-nhangu | maŋal | loan direction unknown | ||||||||||||
| Yan-nhangu | ḏakarr' | unknown | ||||||||||||
| Yandruwandha | yarra | unique | ||||||||||||
| Yarluyandi | [missing] | missing | ||||||||||||
| Yavapai | tvchu_:nya “bow” | unknown | ||||||||||||
| Yavitero | lansa (Sp loan) | lansa (Sp loan) | See Language page | |||||||||||
| Yawarrawarrka | [missing] | missing | ||||||||||||
| Yawuru | ngabalin | inheritance | ||||||||||||
| Yawuru | yangal | yankal | inheritance | |||||||||||
| Yir-Yoront | thol | spearthrower, woomera | inheritance | *culi | pPaman | Poss. to Karnic *thurli 'mussel', relating to the shell (usually bailer-shell) counterweight attached to spearthrowers in CYP | ||||||||
| Yokuts Palewyami | keTngal' | unknown | JPH Gamble 91 | |||||||||||
| Yokuts Yawdanchi | tayapH “bow” | inheritance | K07:244, G64 | |||||||||||
| Yokuts Yowlumne | T'alapH (bow) | inheritance | G1964 | |||||||||||
| Yuki | le-wit/ CHM, lu-wat/, lu-wa,t “bow” | inheritance | S&S1984 | |||||||||||
| Yulparija | warlparra | loan | Pilbara | |||||||||||
| Yuma | 7u:ti:/sh “bow” H3:206 | inheritance |
| Language |
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