Hunter-Gatherer Language Database

ankle

Semantic Field: body
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish: tobillo
Meaning Portuguese: tornozelo

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Language	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Loan Source	General Notes	Source
Achagua	túkula	túkula		inheritance			See Language page
Aché		pɨčã kmana		inheritance			See Language page
Aguaruna	wanus	wanus		inheritance			See Language page
Akawaio	pɨragong	pɨ'ragɔŋ		inheritance	Venezuelan		See Language page
Andoke	-sofádʌka	-soɸádʌka		unique			See Language page
Apalai	pyrahtokotoko	pɨrahtokotoko		inheritance			See Language page
Arabana	muku-thiri			inheritance
Araona		tomihaha					See Language page
Ashuar	wánus	wanus					See Language page
Ayoreo		'giidogoro					See Language page
Baniwa	koróda, hiipóko, -tawírhe, -thi	koróda, hiipóko, -tawírhe, -thi		inheritance; unknown			See Language page
Bardi	miilygu	miilyku		inheritance
Barí		kiokbā karikāa					See Language page
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone	ta-wincyh(-a”), ta-wincih(-a”)			inheritance
Bora	lleebóu (T98)	tʃeepóɯ		inheritance			See Language page
Bunuba	luwu			unknown
Burarra	gun-mardaparr
Cahuilla	-'i kaw'a			loan direction unknown			S&H 1979
Carapana	ãña dobea, ãña jᵾra	ãja dobea, ãja xɨɾa					See Language page
Carijona	manini (SM)			inheritance			See Language page
Cavineña	e-wači-atoha-kaka (wači is "foot")	e-wači-atoha-kaka		unknown			See Language page
Central Aymara	kayu moqo	kayu muḳu					See Language page
Central Sierra Miwok	ka/T:ala:la:-			inheritance
Cha'palaa		-'ne-'mii-'pih-'puka				See note in 'fruit' 05.710.	See Language page
Chiriguano		(se-)pɨɲũa		inheritance			See Language page
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja		-woxolan ~ -yoxolan (m.)				Also -kalaʔwolkakiʔ ~ -kyala (f.).	See Language page
Chumash Barbareno	show			inheritance			Klar 1977:131
Chumash Ineseno	show			inheritance			Klar 1977:131
Chumash Obispeno	solo7			inheritance			Klar 1977:131
Chumash Ventureno	show			inheritance			JPH
Chácobo	ho-poto	ho-poto		inheritance			See Language page
Cofán	tsu´tte nemba´cho	tsɯʔthɛ nɛmbaʔtʃo				phonemic transcriptions are ESTIMATIONS	See Language page
Comanche	miihtsI			unknown
Cubeo	cũachĩarʉ; cũajãrabo; cũarʉ; cʉbocũarʉ	kĩaʧĩaɾɨ; kĩaxãɾabo; kĩaɾɨ; kɨbokĩaɾɨ		unique			See Language page
Cupeño	-xuchi	[xutʃi]		unknown
Desano	añayaru	~ajajaɾu		inheritance			See Language page
Dhangu	[missing]			missing
Dhuwal	ḏulkun
Dhuwala	yaṯa			inheritance
Diyari	tidnakatitjiti			inheritance
DiyariREU	[missing]			missing
Djambarrpuyngu	1776
Djapu	dhapa
Djeoromitxi	papfüoka	paɸøoka					See Language page
Djinang	baṯ			unknown
Dâw	çʉʉ̀m xʉ̃w	cɨ̂m xɨ̃w		inheritance			See Language page
Epena		'bɨɨrɨ 'kʰooro				Lit. 'foot knob'.	See Language page
Ese Ejja		e-kiɓo; e-xioxi-kokaxi		unknown			See Language page
Ese Ejja/Huarayo	e-šoši-xi; e-kiʔbo (Girard 1971)	e-šoši-xi; e-kiʔbo					See Language page
Eñepa	-əʔraʔmu- (IDS)	-əʔraʔmu- (IDS)		unknown			See Language page
Gajirrabeng	X
Gooniyandi	linggali
Gupapuyngu	ḏulkun			unknown
Gurindji	tari			inheritance
Hodï	tanemohkwate			unique			See Language page
Hup	j’ib kãkã́w	ɟ’ib ~kakáw		inheritance			See Language page
Ignaciano		#NAME?					See Language page
Iipay 'Aa	emily heneway	[əˈmɪʎ xən̯əˈwai]		unique
Ingá	chiuka/shibka	tʃiuka/ʃibka					See Language page
Iquito	tiríja, curíja (also means wrist)	tiríha, kuríha (also means wrist)		unknown			See Language page
Itonama		oh-nipapano					See Language page
Jaru	luju			unique
Jawi	dyaŋgudugudu	jaŋgudugudu		semantic shift
Kaingang	pẽn nàn (pẽn=pé; nàn=nó de osso)	pɛ̃n nən					See Language page
Kakataibo		taɨ či'tuṣ̌kã				Panoan -poṣ̌[V]ko.	See Language page
Kakua		híʧa-kurúʔ [foot-cl:nucle]		unique			See Language page
Kanamarí	1. -aita, 2. -itakom	1. -aita, 2. -itakom	1. tornozelo, 2. tornozelo				1.Magalhães 2018:351, 2. Magalhães 2018:352
Karajarri	4818			loan
Kariña	màkari	maɁkari	ankle				Courtz 2007:312
Katukina		tapoško					See Language page
Kija	lengkal-			loan	Ngarinyin
Kiliwa	miy=n+kwaaw “anklebone”			unique
Kitanemuk	kachuach			unknown
Kokama	pɨta-muchuri 'foot-node'	pɨta-mutʃuri 'foot-node'		unique			See Language page
Koreguaje	cũ'apʉ	kũʔapʉ		unique			See Language page
Kotiria	agã curiaca; dahporo dohsari curiaca (all Waltz)	agã kuɾiaka; dahpoɾo dohsaɾi kuɾiaka (all Waltz)		inheritance	E Tuk		See Language page
Kwazá	ecorewe	ecorewe					See Language page
Lake Miwok	ko/lon laja/aki “foot's wrist”			unique
Lengua		ik-yitetakla -minik					See Language page
Lokono	toro	toɾo	ankle				Pet 1987:72
Luiseño	7iye/7yish			unknown			Elliott
Maca		-fonxeʔ (f.)					See Language page
Macaguan	atá	atá		unknown			See Language page
Maidu	pa/jkulu\			inheritance
Maihiki	jatoga ja	xatoga xã		unique			See Language page
Makuna	ãña yaga; ãña rirajea (ãña for 'snake/colubrid'); ñama yaga	ãja jaga; ãja ɾiɾaxea; jama yaga		inheritance			See Language page
Makushi	u-rupukon (IDS)	u-rupukon (IDS)		inheritance			See Language page
Malyangapa	[missing]			missing
Mangala	putu			loan
Mapoyo	wahkë-ri (also means heel)	wahkɛ-ri (also means heel)					See Language page
Mapudungun		pali-pali				Ranquel form is lʸoŋkosewɨ; lʸoŋkoya ~ ɨŋkoy; čoŋo-čoŋo.	See Language page
Matses	taësh, tatete	taɨsh, tatete		unknown			See Language page
Miriwung	lengkal			loan	Ngarinyin
Mithaka	827			missing
Mocoví		l-ataw					See Language page
Mojave	iime qarawees (ankle joint)			unique
Mosetén-Chimané		po'po ~ kuti'kaɲ					See Language page
Movima	lotobacuin (your ankle) (J62)	lotobakuin (your ankle)					See Language page
Mudburra	bardbala
Mudburra	dangka			unique
Muinane	rúúbuɨ (W97)	rúúbuɨ					See Language page
Muisca	iomquym	iomkuɨm					See Language page
Murui Witoto	taìsɨcoño	taìθɨkoɲo (B83)		unknown			See Language page
Mutsun	muhtitihris??? “form veryunsure”,			unknown			NW (JPH)
Nadëb/Roçado dialect		tɨ̱:m nu:h baraho ('foot head ?')		unique			See Language page
Napo Lowland Quichua	chaqui mucu	tʃaki muk					See Language page
Ngamini	827			unique
Ngandi	gu-rdungurru			inheritance
Ngarluma	bardara			inheritance
Ngumbarl	nemedee, nimardee	nimirdi		semantic shift
Nhirrpi	[missing]			missing
Nimanburru	melg	melk		inheritance
Nisenan	nyn “joint”??			inheritance
Nivaclé		-finkayɔ	ankle				https://ids.clld.org/
Northern Emberá	hẽ'rũ-koro'go 'foot-snail' (IDS)	hẽ'rũ-koro'go 'foot-snail' (IDS)					See Language page
Northern Mangarla	rlingkipi
Northern Nyangumarta	luku			inheritance
Northern Paiute	ta7witsogo			inheritance			Thornes 03:112
Northern Sierra Miwok	saj:awTi-			inheritance
Nyangumarta	luku			inheritance
Nyikina	milygu	milyku		inheritance
Nyulnyul	melg	melk		inheritance
Paakantyi	giḷi			unique
Paraguayan Guaraní		pɨ-ɲuã					See Language page
Pemon	pɨrakuung (E1980)	pɨrakuŋ (E1980)		inheritance			See Language page
Piapoco	cùlubàa	kùlubàa					See Language page
Pilagá		li-ki'yokena					See Language page
Pirriya	3191			missing
Pitta-Pitta	marti			inheritance
Plains Miwok	hot:okli-			inheritance
Puinave	[-tat-hamadak] (lit. "base of foot")	tat-hamadak		unique			See Language page
Pumé	hu čatu						See Language page
Páez	chinda caca	tʃinda kaka					See Language page
Qawasqar		ḳʰat-ḳʰar				From Ag, cf. 'calf of leg' 04.352. Fi, Hy record akolapa for South QWS, which also means 'wrist' 04.321.	See Language page
Quechua Ayacuchano	chaki-muqu (CP94)	tʃaki-muqu					See Language page
Rirratjingu	[missing]			missing
Ritharrngu	rdungurru			loan
Salinan A	tcokelti/nai (A only);			unknown			(Turner 1983:224)
Salinan M	missing			missing
Sanapaná/Dialect Angaité		alyoma apankok				alyoma ankok.	See Language page
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet		yetsene eŋak; wahanayʔakɬaʔ eŋak					See Language page
Secoya	jëo peto ca	hɨɔ pɛtɔ ka					See Language page
Selknam		hal-yeʔn k-pˀax				Means 'foot-joint'.	See Language page
Seri (Comcaac)	yacOj			unknown
Serrano	navY:-T			inheritance
Shipibo-Konibo		taɨ patõko					See Language page
Sikuani	taxuyabere (35)	taxujáberé		unknown			See Language page
Siona	jëo beto	hɨo beto		inheritance			See Language page
Sirionó	eičuã	eičuã		inheritance			See Language page
Southern Paiute	tangwi7at:a-S; -wi7at:a-S			unique
Southern Sierra Miwok	kat:ak:atal-			inheritance
Tacana		e-mada-tahi					See Language page
Taushiro	a'to ontu'chi'hu'	aʔto onduʔʃiʔhuʔ					See Language page
Tehuelche		'tapˀr				Also 'tˀaʔml, where the leg ends.	See Language page
Tiriyó	manini	manini		inheritance			See Language page
Toba		n-ḳonakamo					See Language page
Trinitario		-piɣi				Also -wotonepɣi.	See Language page
Tukano	dɨʔpô diʔi-, jẽkâgɨ kua	dɨʔpô diʔi-, jẽkâgɨ kua		unique; unknown			See Language page
Tübatulabal	kaawlish-t			loan
Tümpisa Shoshone	tawintsoko			inheritance
Urarina	tahiɕu	tahitʃu		unique			See Language page
Wai Wai	o-hrak-nu	o-hrak-nu		inheritance			See Language page
Walmajarri	luku			inheritance
Wangkayutyuru	827			missing
Waorani	õdõ-ka-wa			unique			See Language page
Wapishana	[-]ˀbaruriʔi	[-]ˀbaruriʔi		unknown	Some similarity to Carib (e.g. Eñepa paraʔmu), but borrowing seems unlikely		See Language page
Wappo	lu/lu7 (Napa dialect)			loan
Washo	c'i/:bel mo/Lk'o			unknown			J426
Waurá	-tʸalãa-tapa	-tʸalãa-tapa		unknown			See Language page
Wayampi	pɛlɛnã	pɛlɛnã		inheritance			See Language page
Wayana	klakun	klakun		unknown			See Language page
Western Mono	ta7wizo/go			inheritance
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay		#NAME?					See Language page
Wintu	may 7anaq “leg joint”			inheritance
Wubuy	lhungujun			unique
Yagua	numutu (ju)vichiy; numutu rivasiy	numutú (ju)víchij; numutú rivjasíj		unique			See Language page
Yaminahua		o-po-ṣ̌ko				Cf. 'elbow' 04.320.	See Language page
Yan-nhangu	maṉḏurruk			unknown
Yandruwandha	martardaku			inheritance
Yarluyandi	[missing]			missing
Yavapai	sqmwi^:ra			unknown
Yawarrawarrka	tidnawoda			doubtful loan
Yawuru	milgu	milku		inheritance
Yine		yhalexi					See Language page
Yokuts Palewyami	keyu			inheritance			K1963
Yokuts Yawdanchi	kHuyo			inheritance			K07:235
Yokuts Yowlumne	kuyu7			inheritance			N1944
Yuki	to/-kum CHM, t&o/-ku\/m			inheritance			S&S1984
Yukpa	mikiri						See Language page
Yukuna	ko'ojélaji	koʔohélahi		inheritance			See Language page


Achagua
Aché
Aguaruna
Akawaio
Andoke
Apalai
Arabana
Araona
Ashuar
Ayoreo
Baniwa
Bardi
Barí
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone
Bora
Bunuba
Burarra
Cahuilla
Carapana
Carijona
Cavineña
Central Aymara
Central Sierra Miwok
Cha'palaa
Chiriguano
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja
Chumash Barbareno
Chumash Ineseno
Chumash Obispeno
Chumash Ventureno
Chácobo
Cofán
Comanche
Cubeo
Cupeño
Desano
Dhangu
Dhuwal
Dhuwala
Diyari
DiyariREU
Djambarrpuyngu
Djapu
Djeoromitxi
Djinang
Dâw
Epena
Ese Ejja
Ese Ejja/Huarayo
Eñepa
Gajirrabeng
Gooniyandi
Gupapuyngu
Gurindji
Hodï
Hup
Ignaciano
Iipay 'Aa
Ingá
Iquito
Itonama
Jaru
Jawi
Kaingang
Kakataibo
Kakua
Kanamarí
Karajarri
Kariña
Katukina
Kija
Kiliwa
Kitanemuk
Kokama
Koreguaje
Kotiria
Kwazá
Lake Miwok
Lengua
Lokono
Luiseño
Maca
Macaguan
Maidu
Maihiki
Makuna
Makushi
Malyangapa
Mangala
Mapoyo
Mapudungun
Matses
Miriwung
Mithaka
Mocoví
Mojave
Mosetén-Chimané
Movima
Mudburra
Mudburra
Muinane
Muisca
Murui Witoto
Mutsun
Nadëb/Roçado dialect
Napo Lowland Quichua
Ngamini
Ngandi
Ngarluma
Ngumbarl
Nhirrpi
Nimanburru
Nisenan
Nivaclé
Northern Emberá
Northern Mangarla
Northern Nyangumarta
Northern Paiute
Northern Sierra Miwok
Nyangumarta
Nyikina
Nyulnyul
Paakantyi
Paraguayan Guaraní
Pemon
Piapoco
Pilagá
Pirriya
Pitta-Pitta
Plains Miwok
Puinave
Pumé
Páez
Qawasqar
Quechua Ayacuchano
Rirratjingu
Ritharrngu
Salinan A
Salinan M
Sanapaná/Dialect Angaité
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet
Secoya
Selknam
Seri (Comcaac)
Serrano
Shipibo-Konibo
Sikuani
Siona
Sirionó
Southern Paiute
Southern Sierra Miwok
Tacana
Taushiro
Tehuelche
Tiriyó
Toba
Trinitario
Tukano
Tübatulabal
Tümpisa Shoshone
Urarina
Wai Wai
Walmajarri
Wangkayutyuru
Waorani
Wapishana
Wappo
Washo
Waurá
Wayampi
Wayana
Western Mono
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay
Wintu
Wubuy
Yagua
Yaminahua
Yan-nhangu
Yandruwandha
Yarluyandi
Yavapai
Yawarrawarrka
Yawuru
Yine
Yokuts Palewyami
Yokuts Yawdanchi
Yokuts Yowlumne
Yuki
Yukpa
Yukuna

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