Languages of hunter-gatherers and their neighbors

two

Semantic Field
number
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish
dos
Meaning Portuguese
dois

Languages

Language Orthographic Form Phonemicized Form Gloss as in Source Etymology Code Proto-Form Proto-Language Loan Source Wanderwort Status Etyma Set Etymology Notes General Notes Source
Bankalachi Toloim wah' (wŏh') 169; wo (K1907) inheritance
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone waattyn (wahan “twice”) inheritance
Cahuilla wih inheritance S&H 1979
Central Sierra Miwok 7oTi:/- inheritance
Chemehuevi waha/ inheritance
Chumash Barbareno 7ishkom' inheritance Klar 1977:29, 120
Chumash Cruzeno 7ishchom inheritance Klar 1977:29, 120
Chumash Ineseno 7ishkom' inheritance A 184, klar 1977:29
Chumash Obispeno 7estyu7 inheritance Klar 1977:29, 120
Chumash Ventureno 7ishkom' inheritance Klar 1977:29, 120
Cocopa xwak “to be two” inheritance
Comanche waha-, wahatI inheritance
Cupeño wih [wih] inheritance
Esselen kxulax unknown Shaul 1995
Gabrielino wehe inheritance
Iipay 'Aa hewak [xəˈwaq] inheritance
Kawaiisu waha-ju inheritance
Kiliwa xwaq inheritance
Kitanemuk woh inheritance
Lake Miwok 7o/TTa inheritance
Luiseño weh inheritance
Maidu pe/ne inheritance
Mojave havik inheritance
Mutsun 7uthin inheritance O77:255
Nisenan pe:n inheritance
Northern Paiute waha inheritance Thornes 03:140
Northern Sierra Miwok 7oTi:ko- inheritance
Plains Miwok 7o:jok:o- unknown
Salinan A ka/khcu (A), “two” unknown
Salinan M xA'kic unknown Mason 1918:153
Seri (Comcaac) coocj unknown
Serrano wOh inheritance
Southern Paiute wa:- inheritance
Southern Sierra Miwok 7oTiH- inheritance
Southern Ute wa-, waini, waivitavichI inheritance
Tübatulabal woh, woo inheritance
Tümpisa Shoshone waha(ttyn) inheritance
Wappo ho/pi inheritance
Washo he/sge7 unknown J103
Western Mono waha/-i inheritance
Wintu pa:l inheritance
Yavapai hwa/ki, hwa^ki inheritance
Yokuts Palewyami pongoy' JPH; pongoy W&G inheritance JPH Gamble 91
Yokuts Yawdanchi pHongoy inheritance K07, G64
Yokuts Yowlumne ponoy inheritance W&G 1986
Yuki 7ope, 7opa inheritance S&S1984
Yuma xavi/k “to be two” H4:21 inheritance
Baniwa dzáma- (hr01) dzáma- (hr01) inheritance See Language page
Carijona səkənərə inheritance See Language page
Cubeo pʉcarã (anim. "two"), pʉcarõa (inan. "two"); pʉcaðoa ãmuyoa ĩni ("two fingers out/up" see entry for "one) pɨkarã, pɨkarõa; pɨkaðoa ãmujoa ĩni inheritance See Language page
Dâw tʉʉ́m [cf. tʉm ‘eye’] tɨ̌m unique See Language page
Desano pe- pe- inheritance See Language page
Eñepa asak asak inheritance See Language page
Hodï weyata unique See Language page
Waorani mẽmaa bi mę́ná mę́a unique See Language page
Hup koʔap, kəwǝgʔap ['eye-quantity'] koʔap, kəwǝgʔap ['eye-quantity'] inheritance See Language page
Kakua ʧenê-wa [two-pl] inheritance See Language page
Makushi sáákɨ-né sáákɨ-né inheritance See Language page
Nheengatu mũkũy mũkũj inheritance See Language page
Ninam kup; yalukup, tšarakep (EM72) kup; jalukup, tʃaɾakep unique See Language page
Nukak t∫ɛne1 inheritance See Language page
Maihiki tepe ja tepe xã unique See Language page
Pemon sakne, saknan, sak, saare (all mean two) (A1981); asakrö (E1980); saakü'ne (M2000) sakne, saknan, sak, sa:ɾe (A1981); asakrö (E1980) inheritance See Language page
Resígaro migaakú migaakú loan Boran See Language page
Sanumá polakapi (EM72) polakapi (EM72) inheritance See Language page
Sikuani anija (2), anijabe aníja, aníjabe inheritance Sik-Cuiva-Playero group; Arawak, e.g. Warekena enaba, Yucuna iyama See Language page
Tariana iamé(pa) (dp91), yamá-da, ɲamá-da iamé(pa) (dp91), jamá-da, ɲamá-da inheritance See Language page
Tukano pʉárã pɨárã inheritance E Tuk See Language page
Kotiria phʉa (stenz rev) pʰʉáro (stenz) pʰʉa (stenz rev) pʰʉáro (stenz) inheritance E Tuk See Language page
Yanomam porakapi (EM72) poɾakapi inheritance See Language page
Yanomami horohopɨ (two, in a pair,in a small amount MM07), porakapɨ (two, a few, poraka=in pair MM07 ) (EM72) hoɾohopɨ, poɾakapɨ inheritance See Language page
Yukuna iyamá ijamá (dp91) inheritance See Language page
Yuhup b’ǝ́́ʔ b’ǝ́́ʔ unique See Language page
Arabana parkulu inheritance
Bardi guyarra kuyarra inheritance
Bunuba thurranda unknown
Burarra -gulirrwirrka unknown
Dhangu bulal unknown
Dhuwal märrma' inheritance
Dhuwala märrma' inheritance
Diyari mandu semantic shift
DiyariREU mandu semantic shift
Djambarrpuyngu märrma' inheritance
Djapu märrma' inheritance
Djinang bilawili unknown
Gajirrabeng ganggoob unique NJ
Gooniyandi garndiwirri unique
Gupapuyngu märrma' inheritance
Gurindji kujarra inheritance
Jabirr-Jabirr kujarra kujarra inheritance
Jaru kujarra inheritance
Jawi kooyarra kuyarra inheritance
Karajarri kujarra inheritance
Kija pangariny unique
Malyangapa barcoolo loan Karnic
Mangala nguyarra inheritance
Miriwung ganggoobeleng unique NJ
Mithaka parkula inheritance
Mudburra kujarra
Mudburra kujarra inheritance
Ngamini par[a]kuna inheritance
Ngandi yapan' inheritance?
Ngarluma gutharra
Ngumbarl koojarra <koojarra> inheritance
Nhirrpi parrkulu inheritance
Nimanburru gudjar kujar inheritance
Northern Mangarla nguyarra inheritance
Northern Nyangumarta kujarra inheritance
Nyangumarta kujarra inheritance
Nyikina -jarra -jarra inheritance
Nyulnyul gujarr kujarr inheritance
Paakantyi bargol loan Karnic
Pirriya parrkulu inheritance
Pitta-Pitta parrhkula inheritance
Rirratjingu bulal, ma:rrma
Ritharrngu bulal' inheritance
Walmajarri kurriny inheritance
Wangkayutyuru parrkulu inheritance
Warrwa gujarra kujarra inheritance
Wubuy wula loan
Yan-nhangu bulal' unknown
Yandruwandha parrkulu (rarely parrku) inheritance
Yarluyandi parrkulu inheritance
Yawarrawarrka parkutili inheritance
Yawuru kujarra kujarra inheritance
Achagua tʃáma- (dp91), 'tʃamai tʃáma- (dp91), 'tʃamai inheritance See Language page
Piapoco pucháiba putʃáiba See Language page
Kabiyari tʃumaa- (dp91) tʃumaa- (dp91) See Language page
Yavitero c̷i'naha tsi'naha See Language page
Bare bikũ(nama) bikũ(nama) See Language page
Wapishana dyaʔɨtʰam djaʔɨtʰam inheritance Proto-Arawak See Language page
Wayuu piama See Language page
Yine hepi *Piro-Apuriná form is *hepi. See Language page
Paresi hinama hinama inheritance See Language page
Ignaciano apina; apiki; apipe See Language page
Trinitario apina See Language page
Baure m-a'pi-n m-a'pi-n inheritance See Language page
Waurá mepĩyãwã mepĩjãwã inheritance See Language page
Arutani komana komana See Language page
Sape kɨrya kɨɾya See Language page
Cha'palaa 'palʸu See Language page
Bora mínyéékʰïḯ; mi- + classifier (T98) mínjέέkʰ ɯɯ́ inheritance See Language page
Muinane míínokkɨ míínokkɨ See Language page
Akawaio azarö azarö inheritance Proto-Carib? See Language page
Apalai asakoro asakoro inheritance See Language page
Wayana hakëne hakǝne inheritance See Language page
Tiriyó ëëkënë ǝǝkǝnǝ inheritance See Language page
Makiritare āʔkə (IDS); a:kö (KH) a:ʔkə (IDS); a:kə (KH) inheritance See Language page
Mapoyo sakenarï sakenarʊ See Language page
Wai Wai From 'two' on, the numbers are borrowed from Portuguese, English, Dutch, according to which nation the group is dwelling in. missing See Language page
Waimiri Atroari typytyna tɨpɨtɨna See Language page
Yabarana asa'əma See Language page
Yukpa koja, kósar kosa See Language page
Kalapalo takiko takiko unknown See Language page
Muisca boza botʂa See Language page
Barí ĩĩsaami Colombia: ʔisaminə. *Chibchan form is *'bu. See Language page
Northern Emberá u'me (IDS) u'me (IDS) See Language page
Epena o'me See Language page
Guayabero koʔlé-n-he unique See Language page
Macaguan yapó japó inheritance See Language page
Cofán ccoangi´cco kʰʷaŋgiʔkʰo phonemic transcriptions are ESTIMATIONS See Language page
Candoshi-Shapra tsĩbonó tsĩmponó unique See Language page
Taushiro achini aʃini See Language page
Páez e´nz See Language page
Tikuna taxre [4, 2] taʔɾe unique See Language page
Urarina koḍzataha-i kotʃataha-i unique See Language page
Camsa úta úta See Language page
Andoke ʌʌ́hʌmá ʌʌ́hʌmá unique See Language page
Pumé ñõãrĩ See Language page
Puinave kau kau unique See Language page
Máku baʔta baʔta, nu'ʔu See Language page
Warao mana -mo (mana=pair, -mo=ABL, (fingers) coming from in a pair, pg 55) mana -mo (mana=paiɾ, -mo=ABL, fingeɾs coming fɾom in a paiɾ, pg 55) See Language page
Ashuar jímiar ximiar See Language page
Huambisa jimar ximar See Language page
Aguaruna jímag ximang inheritance See Language page
Nadëb/Roçado dialect póʔwóp, póʔwóp ha unique See Language page
Matses daëd daɨd unknown See Language page
Kakataibo ra'βɨ *Panoan *raβɨta. See Language page
Katukina nɨska-βɨkoĩ See Language page
Pacahuara ra'wɨ d'Orb irabuixna. Arm rabue. See Language page
Shipibo-Konibo ra-βɨ See Language page
Yaminahua rãβɨ See Language page
Chácobo raβɨta raβɨta inheritance See Language page
Yagua adajuy andaxũj unique See Language page
Southern Pastaza Quechua ishcay iʃkaj See Language page
Ingá iskai iskai See Language page
Napo Lowland Quichua ishcai iʃkai See Language page
Quechua Ayacuchano iskay iskaj See Language page
Piaroa taju tãjũ inheritance See Language page
Sáliva tomesahga, tũjũhdu (anim.) tomesaʔga, tũhũʔdu (anim.) inheritance See Language page
Bará pɨa- See Language page
Barasano hɨa- hɨa- See Language page
Carapana 'pɨ́ga 'pɨ́ga See Language page
Makuna hɨa- hɨa- inheritance See Language page
Yuruti pɨ'á- pɨ'á- See Language page
Waikhana pɨ'a- pɨ'a- See Language page
Siriano pe- pe- See Language page
Tanimuca ĩʔpõ'õ ĩʔpõ'õ inheritance See Language page
Tatuyo pɨ̋ga pɨ̋ga See Language page
Tuyuka pɨa- pɨa- See Language page
Waimaja pɨ́á pɨ́á See Language page
Koreguaje dorepañoã (Spanish loan) dorepaɲoã loan Spanish See Language page
Siona samõ samõ doubtful loan Arawak See Language page
Secoya cayaye kaja'jɛ See Language page
Karitiana sypõm sɨpõm unknown See Language page
Kokama mucuica mukuika inheritance See Language page
Wayampi mɔkɔ̃y mɔkɔ̃j inheritance See Language page
Aché mirõ unknown See Language page
Chiriguano mõkoi inheritance See Language page
Paraguayan Guaraní mokõi See Language page
Sirionó ɲeremo ɲeremo unknown See Language page
Kamayurá mokõj mokõj inheritance See Language page
Ocaina jan̈aa han:aa unique See Language page
Nɨpode Witoto ména mέna See Language page
Minica Witoto ména mέna See Language page
Murui Witoto mena mɛna inheritance/Witotoan See Language page
Iquito cuúmi (inanimate), cuúpɨ (animate) kuúmi (inanimate), kuúpɨ (animate) unique See Language page
Záparo amashaniki amaʃaniki See Language page
Wari tuku karakan tuku karakan Lit. 'facing each other'. See Language page
Araona beta; beta-kata *Tacn form is *beta. See Language page
Ese Ejja ɓeka inheritance See Language page
Ese Ejja/Huarayo biawe; beka biawe; beka See Language page
Tacana beta See Language page
Cavineña beta beta inheritance See Language page
Central Aymara paya paya See Language page
Cayuvava mitia See Language page
Itonama ...čupa Prefix depends on class. See Language page
Kwazá akyta, aky- akyta, aky- See Language page
Mosetén-Chimané pæ'ræʔ See Language page
Movima oi-ra oi-ra See Language page
Trumai uuš uuš unique See Language page
Kaingang règre rɛŋre See Language page
Suyá aĵkúr aĵkúr See Language page
Karajá inači See Language page
Djeoromitxi djebo dʒebo See Language page
Chipaya piška Uru-J form is piška. Uru-I form is pisti. See Language page
Mocoví [doos]-olḳaiʔ From Span. 'dos' + diminutive (plural several). See Language page
Pilagá [doos]-olḳ-a Lit. 'two-masc. dimin.-plsv'. See Language page
Toba [doos]-olḳ-a; [doos]-ole From Span. 'dos'-diminutive-(with 'plural-several' on the first form). Respectively: masc and fem. See Language page
Lengua #NAME? See Language page
Sanapaná/Dialect Angaité apkanit; akanit See Language page
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet aʔnet; tos See Language page
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay [lus] From Span. 'dos'. See Language page
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja intak Cf. 'twins' 02.458. See Language page
Maca wec̷xuk Cf. 'twins' 02.458. See Language page
Nivaclé napuʔ two https://ids.clld.org/
Ayoreo 'gareʔ Verb form. Also adj.: 'gare-i; 'gare-o'de; 'gare-dieʔ. See Language page
Mapudungun epu Same in Ranquel. See Language page
Qawasqar woḳs Sk, Bo record wokɬ for Central QWS. Fi, Hy record telkwaw for South QWS. See Language page
Selknam s-è-oki See Language page
Tehuelche 'hawke See Language page
Lokono bian bian two Pet 1987:376
Kariña oko oko two Yamada 2010:783