Languages of hunter-gatherers and their neighbors

wife

Semantic Field
kinship
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish
esposa
Meaning Portuguese
esposa

Languages

Language Orthographic Form Phonemicized Form Gloss as in Source Etymology Code Proto-Form Proto-Language Loan Source Wanderwort Status Etyma Set Etymology Notes General Notes Source
Bankalachi Toloim mo-ke'-nim “your wife”, so'-ye “wife” 171 inheritance
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone kwyhy (kwyhi), kwyy inheritance
Cahuilla kinang-ily unique S&H 1979
Central Sierra Miwok 7o/sh:a- inheritance
Chemehuevi piw(a)/ inheritance
Chumash Barbareno 7uniw'i unknown Ono 1996:103
Chumash Cruzeno alwitanin unknown JPH
Chumash Ineseno tal-hik' "be married, have wife"; s-tal'ik “his wife” A 76:281 unknown A 277
Chumash Obispeno suju loan JPH
Chumash Ventureno shatiwyw “spouse” unknown Harrington 1974:3
Cocopa wa\sway unknown
Comanche kwyhy7 inheritance
Cupeño -nawik'a [nəˈwikɁə] loan
Esselen -hawi unknown Shaul 1995:221
Gabrielino -7a$o:ng inheritance
Iipay 'Aa paasiny [paˑˈsiɲ] inheritance
Kawaiisu pihwa= inheritance
Kiliwa ch7wa7 unknown
Kitanemuk nymihung unique
Lake Miwok ku/lle inheritance
Luiseño - Sunga:-ki inheritance
Maidu kyle/ inheritance
Mojave nyaha'aak inheritance
Mutsun -hawnan loan O77:163
Nisenan kyle inheritance
Northern Paiute /notykwa loan Thornes 03:41
Northern Sierra Miwok 7os:a- inheritance
Plains Miwok k2:t unknown
Salinan A se (A), unknown
Salinan M seN unknown Mason 1918: 134
Seri (Comcaac) aal “spouse” (husband or wife) unknown
Serrano -tyjy-7 inheritance
Southern Paiute pingwa-S inheritance
Southern Sierra Miwok 7oh:a- inheritance
Southern Ute piwa- inheritance
Tübatulabal shooji-n inheritance
Tümpisa Shoshone pynnahapi(ttsi) unknown
Wappo -misi inheritance
Washo dimla/:ya7 unknown J86
Western Mono nody/kwA loan
Wintu p'oqta inheritance
Yavapai lwa^ unknown
Yokuts Palewyami haht-nE/-kin “my wife” see “woman” unique CHM Berman 2002
Yokuts Yawdanchi yiwin “wife” unknown K07:240
Yokuts Yowlumne mokiy' N 1964 inheritance N1964
Yuki musp inheritance S&S 1984
Baniwa -íino -íino inheritance See Language page
Carijona hətə (SM) inheritance See Language page
Cubeo márepaco, yóvaimo márɛpako, jóvaimo inheritance See Language page
Dâw ʔã̂m inheritance See Language page
Desano marapʉ marapɯ inheritance See Language page
Eñepa pɨk pɨk unknown See Language page
Hodï aun unique See Language page
Waorani nãnogæ̃ unique See Language page
Hup tæ̃h-ʔín ~tæh-~ʔíd unique See Language page
Kakua hěʔbu [spouse]; hěʔbu-wili [spouse-cl.fem] ʔâ unknown See Language page
Makushi noopi noopi inheritance N Amaz subgroup See Language page
Nheengatu imiriku imiriku inheritance See Language page
Ninam thIw@, tI Ipo, tI Ip (gom) tʰɯwə, tɯ ɯpo, tɯ ɯp (gom) inheritance See Language page
Nukak tãʔ4bɨʔ4 unknown See Language page
Maihiki nɨjo ago nɨxõ ago inheritance See Language page
Pemon nopue, weri (weri also means woman and female) (A1981);nopɨ (E1980); ino'pü (M2000) nopue, wer (A1981)i; nɔpɨ (E1980) inheritance N Amaz subgroup See Language page
Resígaro -íní, iínó, máujˇé (wife of husband) -íní, iínó, máudʒé (wife of husband) inheritance; unique See Language page
Sanumá -hɨsopɨ (EM72) - hɨsopɨ unique See Language page
Sikuani pɨ́ha-wa: inheritance See Language page
Tukano nɨmó nɨmó inheritance E Tuk, at least Branch 2 See Language page
Kotiria nãmõ (o hi) (stenz) nãmõ (o hi) (stenz) inheritance E Tuk, at least Branch 2 See Language page
Yanomam thɨwə- (EM72) tʰɨwə- inheritance See Language page
Yanomami suwëbɨyë suwəbɨjə inheritance See Language page
Yukuna yajáloji jahálohi unique See Language page
Arabana nupa inheritance
Bardi malarr malarr inheritance
Bunuba manggay unknown
Burarra menggapa unknown
Dhangu galay inheritance
Dhuwal galay inheritance
Dhuwala galay inheritance
Diyari nhuwa inheritance
DiyariREU noa inheritance
Djambarrpuyngu galay inheritance
Djapu galay inheritance
Djinang nyanimigi unknown
Gajirrabeng mageny unique
Gooniyandi garingi
Gupapuyngu galay inheritance
Gurindji janka inheritance
Jabirr-Jabirr marlarr XXngl wife, wife's sister marlarr XXngl wife, wife's sisder inheritance
Jaru gandamirri inheritance
Jawi mullar mullarr inheritance
Karajarri nyupa inheritance
Kija ngulnga loan NGY
Malyangapa kumpaka inheritance
Mangala wangu unknown
Miriwung ngulngany loan NGY
Mithaka niwa inheritance
Mudburra mungkaja
Mudburra mungkaja inheritance?
Ngamini nhiwa inheritance
Ngandi gardak unique
Ngarluma ngurranyu unique
Ngumbarl jeemarree jimarri inheritance
Nhirrpi nhipa inheritance
Nimanburru malarr malarr inheritance
Northern Mangarla marlarr loan Nyulnyulan
Northern Nyangumarta nyurni managulu unknown
Nyangumarta nyurni managulu
Nyikina wango wango inheritance
Nyulnyul malirr malirr inheritance
Paakantyi gumbaga
Pirriya nhupanya inheritance
Pitta-Pitta [missing] missing
Rirratjingu [missing] missing
Ritharrngu galay inheritance
Unggumi mangga, maganyerrinya mangga, maganyerrinya loan direction unknown
Walmajarri marnin inheritance
Wangkayutyuru nhupu inheritance
Warrwa waangu waangu inheritance
Worrorra mangganya (C) mangganya (C) loan direction unknown
Wubuy gurlgu unique
Yan-nhangu gali inheritance
Yandruwandha nhipa inheritance
Yarluyandi nhiwa inheritance
Yawarrawarrka nipa inheritance
Yawuru jando XXngl = woman jandu inheritance
Achagua -ínuu -ínuu inheritance See Language page
Piapoco -ínu, acawéetúa -ínu, akawé:túa See Language page
Kabiyari íinu íinu See Language page
Yavitero hiľ̥u hiľ̥u See Language page
Wapishana -ˀdaiaru -ˀdajaru unique See Language page
Mandawaka V́ju V́ju See Language page
Wayuu nu-ʔwayuu-se (~ nɨ-ʔwayuu-se) Also nier̃ɨn (~ nɨ-er̃ɨin). See Language page
Yine hanɨnro ~ hnɨnro See Language page
Paresi nezanityo neðanitju inheritance See Language page
Ignaciano 'yena-re; -yena See Language page
Trinitario #NAME? See Language page
Baure ne-'yon ne-'yon inheritance See Language page
Waurá #NAME? #NAME? inheritance See Language page
Cha'palaa yaʔ šinbu ~ yaʔ šimbu Lit. 'his woman'. See Language page
Bora tʰaápa, mekʷa, áthyáápaá tʰaápa, mɛkʷa, áthjáápaá inheritance See Language page
Muinane táaba, áttʸáaba táaba, áttjáaba See Language page
Akawaio nopɨ nɔpɨ inheritance Pemongan; probably Proto-Carib See Language page
Apalai pyty pɨtɨ inheritance See Language page
Wayana pït pɨt inheritance See Language page
Tiriyó pï(tï) pɨ(tɨ) inheritance See Language page
Mapoyo eriri (?) (sepansapë ?) eriri (?) (sepansapɛ ?) See Language page
Wai Wai yi-Φi-či yi-Φi-či inheritance See Language page
Waimiri Atroari pyty pɨtɨ See Language page
Yukpa enespa, epairo, ícharse dʒi'tawno See Language page
Muisca gui γi See Language page
Barí a-byoo-bai Colombia: biorə. See Language page
Northern Emberá kopéro kopéro See Language page
Epena či 'wẽra Lit. '(referential) his woman'. See Language page
Guayabero píh-ow inheritance Proto-Guahiban See Language page
Macaguan -bárkui -báɾkui unique See Language page
Cuiva pío-wa, pi-séuri esposa, wife Huber & Reed 1992:43
Cofán cocama pushe (of a white person), chan (mother), pushe kokama pɯʃɛ, tʃan, pɯʃɛ phonemic transcriptions are ESTIMATIONS See Language page
Candoshi-Shapra izalli iʂantʃi unique See Language page
Taushiro ño´onva ɲoʔonwa See Language page
Páez neyó neyo See Language page
Tikuna naxma naʔmaʔ unique See Language page
Urarina komasai komasai unique See Language page
Camsa ʃéma ʃéma See Language page
Andoke #NAME? #NAME? unique See Language page
Pumé iãĩ ǫãĩchiá See Language page
Tinigua nɨko See Language page
Puinave u u unique See Language page
Warao ma tiɾa (my woman? Ma=pos maɾkeɾ, tiɾa =woman) ma tira (my woman? Ma=pos marker, tira =woman) See Language page
Ashuar nuwári (his wife) nuwári See Language page
Huambisa nuwe nuwɨ See Language page
Aguaruna núwe núwɨ inheritance See Language page
Nadëb/Roçado dialect ʔɨ̃ːm, ʔʌ̃m inheritance See Language page
Nadëb/Rio Negro dialect ʔɨ̃ːm See Language page
Matses chido tʃiɾó unknown See Language page
Kakataibo ṣ̌a'βiõkɨ *Panoan form is *ʔawini. See Language page
Katukina aĩ See Language page
Pacahuara ʔa'wini See Language page
Shipibo-Konibo awĩ See Language page
Yaminahua ãβi See Language page
Chácobo awi-ni awi-ni inheritance/Tacanan See Language page
Yagua rimityoda rimitjonda unique; unique See Language page
Southern Pastaza Quechua warmi waɾmi See Language page
Ingá warmi warmi See Language page
Napo Lowland Quichua huarmi waɾmi See Language page
Quechua Ayacuchano warmi warmi See Language page
Piaroa ihthɨ'muɨh tahúh ihthɨɁmuɨh tahúh unknown See Language page
Sáliva jixuhgui ĩxoho, ẽxãxu hixuʔgʷi ĩxoʔo, ẽxãxu unknown See Language page
Bará dɨ̃'bõ See Language page
Barasano bãdãh-o bãdãh-o See Language page
Carapana manapʉ̃; -dɨ̃bõ (Huber & Reed) mãnãpɨ̃, -dɨ̃bõ (Huber & Reed) See Language page
Makuna manojo manoxo inheritance See Language page
Yuruti dɨ̃́bõ dɨ̃́bõ See Language page
Waikhana dã'bõ-dõ dã'bõ-dõ See Language page
Siriano marã́pó maɾã́pó See Language page
Tanimuca ki 'rũbũ ki 'rũbũ inheritance See Language page
Tatuyo dɨ̃'bṍ dɨ̃'bṍ See Language page
Tuyuka dɨ̃'bõ dɨ̃'bõ See Language page
Waimaja nɨ̃́mṍ nɨ̃́mṍ See Language page
Koreguaje rʉjo rʉxo inheritance See Language page
Siona ënjo ɨnho inheritance See Language page
Secoya nëjo nɨhɔ See Language page
Karitiana sooj sooj unknown See Language page
Kokama miricua miɾikua inheritance See Language page
Wayampi #NAME? #NAME? inheritance See Language page
Aché breko inheritance See Language page
Chiriguano (če-)r-eᵐbi-reko; h-eᵐbi-reko inheritance See Language page
Paraguayan Guaraní t-eᵐbireko See Language page
Sirionó enĩnĩsi; kuɲa; ememi enĩnĩsi; kuɲa; ememi inheritance? See Language page
Kamayurá emireko emireko inheritance See Language page
Ocaina munhton mɯ̃ʔtõ unique See Language page
Nɨpode Witoto á.ï á.ɯ See Language page
Minica Witoto á.ï á.ɯ See Language page
Murui Witoto a.ï a.ɯ inheritance/Witotoan See Language page
Iquito majáana; huiíja (vocative) maháana; wiíha (vocative) unique See Language page
Záparo irichanaw iɾiʧanaw See Language page
Wari mana mana Lit. 'my hole'. See Language page
Araona wane; mama Also boilimi. *Tacn form is *e-wane. See Language page
Ese Ejja e-wanase; činani inheritance/Panoan See Language page
Ese Ejja/Huarayo e-wana-se e-wana-se See Language page
Tacana e-wane See Language page
Cavineña e-wane-ke e-wane-ke inheritance/Panoan See Language page
Central Aymara warmi warmi See Language page
Cayuvava torene; ɲea-'tɔ̃rene; te Plural form is meɲetima-tɔ̃rene. See Language page
Itonama ah-mapɨʔka See Language page
Kwazá etay etay See Language page
Mosetén-Chimané he'yeye; 'pheɲ The latter also means 'woman' 02.220. See Language page
Movima al-wah al-wah See Language page
Trumai (ha)-deʔtsi (ha)-deʔtsi unique See Language page
Kaingang kofa-fi, prũ-fi -prũ; prũ-Φi; koΦa-Φi See Language page
Canela haaraa *Jê form is *za-ra. Related meanings are 'feather' 04.393 and 'hair' 04.140 (coverings). See Language page
Suyá yó jó See Language page
Djeoromitxi täro tǝro See Language page
Chipaya tʰun Uru-J form is tʰun. See Language page
Mocoví l-owa Means 'spouse'. See Language page
Pilagá l-owa See Language page
Toba l-wa See Language page
Lengua #NAME? Means 'spouse'; see 'husband' 02.310. See Language page
Sanapaná/Dialect Angaité ap-tawa See Language page
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet entaawaʔ; nenɬaaɬma See Language page
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay -če-'hʷaʔ Means 'spouse'. See Language page
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja -kilfʷaʔ ~ -c̷ilfʷaʔ ~ -ilfʷaʔ See Language page
Maca -iwheyeʔ ~ -ewheyeʔ Means 'spouse'. See Language page
Nivaclé -čˀakfa wife Refers to a spouse with children. A childless spouse is -xaya. https://ids.clld.org/
Ayoreo ako'te See Language page
Mapudungun kure; θomo Ranquel forms are kure; ðomo-če. See Language page
Qawasqar aftsoḳ Sk, Bo record kyawya for Central QWS. Fi, Hy record walok for South QWS, cf. 'female' 02.240. See Language page
Selknam naʔ See Language page
Tehuelche 'šē Means 'spouse'. See Language page
Lokono eretho eɾetʰo wife Pet 1987:377
Kariña pyty pɨtɨ wife Yamada 2010:798