Languages of hunter-gatherers and their neighbors

road/path

Semantic Field
manufacture
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish
camino
Meaning Portuguese
caminho

Languages

Language Orthographic Form Phonemicized Form Gloss as in Source Etymology Code Proto-Form Proto-Language Loan Source Wanderwort Status Etyma Set Etymology Notes General Notes Source
Bankalachi Toloim pawt' 207; po>t (K1907) inheritance
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone po7ai inheritance
Cahuilla pit inheritance S&H 1979
Central Sierra Miwok muk:u- inheritance
Chemehuevi po7(o)/ inheritance
Chumash Barbareno ch'alayash unknown Mithun 1997:225
Chumash Ineseno ch'ayash inheritance A 183
Chumash Obispeno kLhina, qLhina 0118L, tLhina 0247 unknown JPH
Chumash Ventureno 7al-ijash unknown JPH
Cocopa wanya/ inheritance
Comanche pu7E inheritance
Cupeño pi-t [pɪt] inheritance
Gabrielino pet' /pet/ inheritance CHM/MC249
Iipay 'Aa 'uunyaa [Ɂuˑ˅ˈɲaˑ] inheritance
Kawaiisu too-vy, tovo-vy inheritance
Kiliwa wnya7 inheritance
Kitanemuk pokt inheritance
Lake Miwok mu/k “trail, road” inheritance
Luiseño pe-t inheritance
Maidu bo/ inheritance
Mojave 7av'unye inheritance
Mutsun 7innu, 7innuh “door; road” inheritance O77:51
Nisenan bo: inheritance
Northern Paiute [pOO “trail” inheritance Thornes 03:33
Northern Sierra Miwok muk:u- inheritance
Plains Miwok muk, mu:k inheritance
Salinan A Ta:ke/' (A), “road” unknown
Salinan M take/' unknown Mason 1918:133
Seri (Comcaac) haaho unknown
Serrano pO:q-t inheritance
Southern Paiute po:- inheritance
Southern Sierra Miwok muk:u- inheritance
Southern Ute po”o” inheritance
Tübatulabal poht, pooht inheritance
Tümpisa Shoshone po7e inheritance
Wappo mi/cH inheritance
Washo yéweš unknown Washo Project
Western Mono nyy/my/boyo “path”, po/yo “road” inheritance
Wintu jemer inheritance
Yavapai ?nya/ “road, path” inheritance
Yokuts Palewyami pHi7el' loan into protolanguage JPH Gamble 91
Yokuts Yawdanchi pHi:t loan into protolanguage K07:239, G64
Yokuts Yowlumne pHil loan into protolanguage, direction unknown Golla 1964
Yuki mi:sh, mesh, mish, me:sh inheritance S&S 1984
Yuma 7u:nye/ H3:212 inheritance
Baniwa inípo, -aapówa, -aapowánaa inípo, -aapówa, -aapowánaa inheritance See Language page
Carijona esema inheritance See Language page
Cubeo cainima, ma (general terms), cuima, daima, nʉima kainima, ma (generar terms), kuima, daima, nɨima inheritance See Language page
Dâw tʉʉ̀w tɨ̂w inheritance See Language page
Desano maha ma ʔa inheritance See Language page
Eñepa čɨma tʃɨma inheritance See Language page
Hodï mana doubtful loan Saliva; possible inheritance? See Language page
Waorani taa-dõ unique See Language page
Hup tǐw tǐw inheritance See Language page
Kakua namǎ inheritance See Language page
Makushi eréétɨ eréétɨ unknown See Language page
Nheengatu pé pé inheritance See Language page
Ninam pili-yo pili-jo inheritance See Language page
Nukak nama2 inheritance See Language page
Maihiki ma ja ma xã inheritance See Language page
Pemon eima (A1981); e'ma (M2000) eima (A1981) inheritance See Language page
Resígaro aǰápó, éhuúhí adʒápó, éhuúhí inheritance See Language page
Sanumá pilitso pilitso inheritance See Language page
Sikuani námu-to inheritance See Language page
Tariana hinípu hinípu inheritance See Language page
Tukano ma'á ma'á inheritance E-W Tuk See Language page
Kotiria ~ba'a ~baʔa inheritance E-W Tuk See Language page
Yanomam piriyo pirijo inheritance See Language page
Yanomami pei yo; pei yoka, [karo] a no mãyõ (road), ihirãkɨ (bridge) pei jo; pei joka, [kaɾo] a no mãjõ (road), ihiɾãkɨ (bridge) inheritance See Language page
Yukuna iñe'epú iɲeʔepú inheritance See Language page
Yuhup tîw tîw inheritance See Language page
Arabana wati- unique
Bardi morr XXngl this should go back to |fv{magurr}. morr inheritance
Bunuba [missing] missing
Burarra guburda unknown
Dhangu dhuka inheritance
Dhuwal dhukarr inheritance
Dhuwala [missing] missing
Diyari palthu inheritance
DiyariREU [missing] missing
Djambarrpuyngu dhukarr inheritance
Djapu dhukarr inheritance
Djinang gadjigarr unknown
Gajirrabeng banan inheritance
Gooniyandi baali
Gupapuyngu dhukarr inheritance
Gurindji warntarri inheritance
Jabirr-Jabirr makarr makarr inheritance
Jaru warndarri inheritance
Jawi maur mawurr inheritance
Karajarri makurr loan
Kija panan- inheritance
Malyangapa Mal: parlkarra unique
Mangala makurr loan Nyulnyulan
Miriwung banan inheritance
Mithaka [missing] missing
Mudburra wurrumu
Mudburra wurrumu inheritance
Ngamini wadayapa unique
Ngarluma yirdiya
Ngumbarl maggoor <maggoor> inheritance
Nhirrpi [missing] missing
Nimanburru magar makar inheritance
Northern Mangarla makurr loan
Northern Nyangumarta ruwurtu loan
Nyangumarta rutu loan
Nyikina magurr makurr inheritance
Nyulnyul magarr [magar] makarr [makar] inheritance
Paakantyi yaṇga unique
Pirriya kunjulu
Pitta-Pitta pirrhapampu unique
Rirratjingu dhuka inheritance
Ritharrngu dhukarr inheritance
Walmajarri warntarri inheritance
Wangkayutyuru thinkada unique
Yan-nhangu dhukarr inheritance
Yandruwandha palthu inheritance
Yarluyandi [missing] missing
Yawarrawarrka tidnapalto unique
Yawuru magurr makurr inheritance
Achagua iníhba, jáhbaa (h&r) iníhba, jáhbaa (h&r) inheritance See Language page
Piapoco àyapu àjapu See Language page
Kabiyari apú-há, jóopu, ajápú apú-há, jóopu, ajápú See Language page
Yavitero ta'nehu taʔnehu See Language page
Wapishana dɨnapʰu-saˀba dɨnapʰu-saˀba inheritance Proto-Arawak See Language page
Mandawaka iwáhu, éːmuhu iwáhu, éːmuhu See Language page
Yine hapo *Piro-Apuriná form is *ha'po-rɨ. See Language page
Paresi ahotita, ahotyaho ahotita, ahotyaho inheritance See Language page
Ignaciano ačene; isawikureka See Language page
Baure šo-'no-; ša'no-ki ʃo-'no-; ʃa'no-ki inheritance See Language page
Waurá ahɨ-napu ahɨ-napu inheritance See Language page
Arutani aʔma aʔma See Language page
Sape mu mu See Language page
Cha'palaa 'tuuča See Language page
Bora xïḯβa xɯɯ́βa inheritance See Language page
Muinane xɨ́ɨ́-ʔai xɨ́ɨ́-ʔai See Language page
Akawaio ekma ɛʔma inheritance Proto-Carib See Language page
Akawaio/Ingariko dialect eʔma eʔma See Language page
Apalai sorohme sorohme inheritance See Language page
Wayana ehema ehema inheritance See Language page
Tiriyó ëema ǝema inheritance See Language page
Makiritare ə̄ma (IDS); ö:ma (KH) (means 'road, route, path') ə:ma inheritance See Language page
Mapoyo eema eema See Language page
Wai Wai esama esama inheritance See Language page
Yabarana a'tima See Language page
Yukpa ejéneri o'sema See Language page
Kalapalo aña aña unique See Language page
Muisca ie ie See Language page
Northern Emberá trócha, ó trótʃa, ó See Language page
Epena o Cf. 'neck' 04.280. See Language page
Guayabero nɨam-t inheritance Proto-Guahiban See Language page
Macaguan namút namút inheritance Proto-Guahiban See Language page
Cuiva námto, náunto camino, sendero, trocha, path, trail Huber & Reed 1992:85
Cofán tsai'qui tsaiʔki phonemic transcriptions are ESTIMATIONS See Language page
Candoshi-Shapra tovĩtamá tompĩtamá unique See Language page
Taushiro a´tu aʔtu See Language page
Páez di di See Language page
Tikuna [-mã] (nominal root) [-mã] (nominal root) doubtful loan Tukanoan See Language page
Urarina beru beru unique See Language page
Camsa benátʃe benátʃe See Language page
Andoke deibǝ̃́(üh) (RW52) unique See Language page
Pumé nõ See Language page
Puinave dɨk; -hɨi-dɨ dɨk; -hɨi-dɨ unique See Language page
Máku i:kilu i:kilu See Language page
Ashuar jínta, jíntía xinta, xintia See Language page
Huambisa jinta xinta See Language page
Aguaruna jínta xínta inheritance See Language page
Nadëb/Roçado dialect tɨːw inheritance See Language page
Nadëb/Rio Negro dialect tɨːw See Language page
Matses podquied podkied unknown See Language page
Kakataibo βai *Panoan *βaʔi. See Language page
Katukina βaʔi See Language page
Shipibo-Konibo hɨma See Language page
Yaminahua βai See Language page
Chácobo βaʔi βaʔi inheritance See Language page
Yagua mantya mãntja unique See Language page
Southern Pastaza Quechua ñambi ɲambi See Language page
Ingá ñambi ñambi See Language page
Napo Lowland Quichua ñambi ɲambi See Language page
Quechua Ayacuchano ñan ɲan See Language page
Piaroa mänä mæ̃næ̃ inheritance See Language page
Sáliva maana maːna inheritance See Language page
Bará bã'ã See Language page
Barasano ~ba ~ba See Language page
Carapana maa maa See Language page
Makuna ~ba ~ba inheritance See Language page
Yuruti bã́ã bã́ã See Language page
Waikhana bã'ʔã bã'ʔã See Language page
Siriano maá maá See Language page
Tanimuca bãʔ'ã bãʔ'ã inheritance See Language page
Tatuyo bãã bãã See Language page
Tuyuka bã'ã bãʔã See Language page
Waimaja mà mà See Language page
Koreguaje ma'a maʔa inheritance See Language page
Siona ma'a maʔa inheritance See Language page
Secoya ma'a mãʔ'ã See Language page
Karitiana pa, ky´op pa, kɨʔop inheritance See Language page
Kokama pe, pecuara pe, pekuaɾa inheritance See Language page
Wayampi pɛɛ pɛɛ inheritance See Language page
Aché ape inheritance See Language page
Chiriguano t-ape i-pɨraɨ inheritance See Language page
Paraguayan Guaraní tape; t-ape-poʔi See Language page
Sirionó ei̯ča ei̯ča unique See Language page
Kamayurá ape, tape ape, tape inheritance See Language page
Ocaina naajon, tóvuhtya naahõ, tóβɯʔtʲa inheritance; unique See Language page
Nɨpode Witoto í.o, dḯro-pe í.o, dɯ́ro-pɛ See Language page
Minica Witoto í.o, dḯro-ɸe í.o, dɯ́ro-ɸɛ See Language page
Murui Witoto na.ïθo na.ɯθo inheritance See Language page
Iquito amáquɨ (path made by clearing plants); niícu- amákɨ (path made by clearing plants); niíku- unique; inheritance See Language page
Záparo nu nu See Language page
Wari wana (wanayišiʔ) wana (wanajiʃiʔ) See Language page
Araona dizi *Tacn form is *edići. See Language page
Ese Ejja exioxi unique See Language page
Ese Ejja/Huarayo e-heo-xi e-heo-xi See Language page
Tacana ediď̶i See Language page
Cavineña edihi; e-kari (edihi is "road", e-kari is "path") edihi; e-kari inheritance See Language page
Central Aymara thaki tʰakʰi See Language page
Cayuvava nanaka See Language page
Itonama uʔ-wasda See Language page
Kwazá txahỹ txahỹ See Language page
Mosetén-Chimané 'mahmi See Language page
Movima pai-towa pai-towa See Language page
Trumai tsiuel (path) tsiuel (path) unique See Language page
Kaingang ẽmĩn ʔɛ̃prɨ sĩ See Language page
Suyá yɨ jɨ See Language page
Karajá rɨ Also means 'mouth' 04.240. See Language page
Djeoromitxi wikü wikø See Language page
Chipaya xikš See Language page
Mocoví lʸ-ik See Language page
Pilagá n-adik See Language page
Toba lʸ-ik See Language page
Lengua amai e-tkuk See Language page
Sanapaná/Dialect Angaité amai See Language page
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet aamay ˀyetkok; entamnek See Language page
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay to-tuy'nek See Language page
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja nayi See Language page
Maca #NAME? See Language page
Nivaclé ɬuyiš path https://ids.clld.org/
Ayoreo gaa'bi; pii'hooi The latter is an animal path. A 'cart trail' is yu'pidi. See Language page
Mapudungun rupa-peyɨm Ranquel form is piči rɨpɨ. See Language page
Lokono waboroko waboɾoko road Pet 1987:369
Kariña oma oma path, road Courtz 2007:328