Languages of hunter-gatherers and their neighbors

dust

Semantic Field
environment
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish
polvo
Meaning Portuguese
poeira

Languages

Language Orthographic Form Phonemicized Form Gloss as in Source Etymology Code Proto-Form Proto-Language Loan Source Wanderwort Status Etyma Set Etymology Notes General Notes Source
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone hukkumpin inheritance
Cahuilla muli-sh unknown S&H 1979
Central Sierra Miwok Tuk:e- inheritance
Chemehuevi hukum/p(y) inheritance
Chumash Barbareno oXtopol “be full of dust” unknown Mithun 1997:237
Chumash Obispeno papisu7u “be dusty unknown JPH
Chumash Ventureno shupshu7up “tierra suelta, what blows in wind” inheritance JPH
Cocopa mi:pu/T inheritance
Comanche huhkupY, huukupY inheritance
Cupeño tew- [tɨw-] inheritance
Gabrielino ah-ko/-yah-kin unknown CHM/MC249
Iipay 'Aa 'empill [Ɂəmˈpɪɫ] unknown
Kawaiisu huku-by inheritance
Kiliwa 7+mat=sa inheritance Mixco 1985
Kitanemuk jyrumach loan
Lake Miwok wi/ilok inheritance
Luiseño to:wu-t inheritance
Maidu k'a/wdusi\ inheritance
Mojave 7amapoot inheritance
Mutsun muun unknown NW (JPH)
Nisenan p'u:min unknown
Northern Paiute [kuSSi “dust, dusty” inheritance Thornes 03:44
Northern Sierra Miwok joli- inheritance
Plains Miwok sik:e- inheritance
Salinan A Tcayi/ya (A),
Salinan M tApaiyeH unknown Mason 1918:133
Seri (Comcaac) hant-o/opxoz unknown
Serrano tiYva-T inheritance
Southern Paiute uq:umpu-
Southern Sierra Miwok ni:peti- unknown
Southern Ute kUkupY inheritance
Tübatulabal tyywyt inheritance
Tümpisa Shoshone hukkumpin, hukkumpy inheritance
Wappo puTh inheritance
Washo magálsaʔ unknown Washo Project
Western Mono kutusiby/ inheritance
Wintu baqca :dusty”
Yavapai ma\tha_:t nyu^:lk?i\?i\, ma\tmqwa_na _ is macron inheritance
Yuki po7oT'el inheritance S&S 1984
Yuma 7ampo/T H1:30 inheritance
Baniwa dáaphe dáaphe unique See Language page
Carijona werenə unique See Language page
Cubeo pena pena doubtful loan, direction unknown Sikuani - béne See Language page
Dâw bexu’, çax bæxuʔ, cax unique See Language page
Desano gũruña gĩɾuja unique compare Yagua - "xiru" See Language page
Eñepa ano ičik (IDS) ano itʃik (IDS) loan, direction unknown Yanomam: Ninam iʃik See Language page
Hodï lehte unique See Language page
Waorani gidĩ-bõ unique See Language page
Hup j'ɨ́k ɟ'ɨ́k inheritance See Language page
Kakua uh inheritance See Language page
Makushi kutuppan (IDS) kutuppan (IDS) inheritance N Amaz subgroup See Language page
Nheengatu mukawa kuí mukawa kuí inheritance/sem shift? see 'flour' See Language page
Ninam ɨšik (EM72) ɨʃik loan, direction unknown Eñepa ano itʃik See Language page
Nukak ʔuh4 inheritance See Language page
Maihiki saɨ ja saɨ xa inheritance See Language page
Pemon kutu, kutukutupan (A1981); kutu'pan (M2000) kutu, kutukutupan (A1981) inheritance N Amaz subgroup See Language page
Sanumá tsalelo (EM72) tsalelo unique See Language page
Sikuani bene (2), beno (2) béne, béne, tsɨxɨ ('en el aire' - in the air) inheritance See Language page
Tariana mhéni mhéni unique See Language page
Tukano diʔta poʔka diʔta poʔka missing See Language page
Kotiria dihta manari; dihta me; me (all Waltz) dihta manaɾi; dihta me; me (all Waltz) inheritance Branch 2, E Tuk See Language page
Yanomam hĩ hĩ unique See Language page
Yanomami hekãhekã hekãhekã unique See Language page
Yukuna mu'upé muʔupé unique See Language page
Yuhup c'ɨ̂k c'ɨ̂k inheritance See Language page
Arabana puthurru inheritance
Bardi jurdun jurdun unique
Bunuba thuninyi unknown
Burarra [missing] missing
Dhangu ḏuŋgul unknown
Dhuwal ganu
Dhuwala [missing] missing
Diyari puturu loan Arabana
DiyariREU kampakampata unique
Djambarrpuyngu [missing] missing
Djapu [missing] missing
Djinang midjirri unknown
Gajirrabeng joordoong loan NGY
Gooniyandi joordoo loan
Gupapuyngu [missing] missing
Gurindji jurtu loan
Jaru jurdu inheritance
Karajarri kurnturr inheritance
Kija jurtu-m loan NGY
Malyangapa Mal: thukurru unique
Mangala kunturr unknown
Miriwung joordoong loan NGY
Mithaka kunubutha inheritance
Mudburra bunku
Mudburra bunku unique
Ngamini kunaputara inheritance
Ngandi gu-dhul unique
Ngarinyin ŋuřu ˈmɑɡɑlɑ ŋuřu ˈmɑɡɑlɑ loan
Ngarluma gurndurr loan
Ngumbarl joolbarra <joolbarra> inheritance
Nhirrpi kaRi unique
Northern Mangarla kunturr
Northern Nyangumarta julparrajulparra doubtful loan
Nyangumarta kurlurlu unknown
Nyikina burdararra XXngl dust storm, cloud of dust burdararra XXngl dusd sdorm, cloud of dusd inheritance
Nyulnyul barnd barnd inheritance
Paakantyi [missing] missing
Pirriya [missing] missing
Pitta-Pitta thurrka inheritance
Rirratjingu [missing] missing
Ritharrngu burnulk loan
Walmajarri jurtu unknown
Wangkayutyuru mayimayi unique
Warrwa duuwi duuwi inheritance
Wubuy lhagaburnulk loan
Wunambal judu (V) judu (V) loan
Yan-nhangu ritji unknown
Yandruwandha kunuputha inheritance
Yarluyandi [missing] missing
Yawarrawarrka pudlapudlari unique
Yawuru dyulbala, dyulbarra julbala, julbarra inheritance
Achagua pukúpukui pukúpukui unique See Language page
Piapoco imuluísi, ísa imuluísi, ísa See Language page
Wapishana ɨnɨˀba ɨnɨˀba unique See Language page
Yine pahi Also čixi pahi. Cf. 'ashes' 01.840; hwɨ-pahi is 'pollen', lit. 'flower-dust/particles'. *Piro-Apuriná form is *'pa-hi-nɨ. See Language page
Ignaciano tiripupaʔi Also 'matehi; -ripuʔa. See Language page
Trinitario 'motehi Verbal form is emahučo. (?) See Language page
Baure kopo'eṛ̌; poi-p kopo'eṛ̌; poi-p unknown See Language page
Waurá tɨmuukai tɨmuukai unknown See Language page
Cha'palaa 'uh-'tu-pe See Language page
Bora pʰá-čixʸï pʰá-tʃixʲɯ inheritance See Language page
Muinane pʰá-gíixɨ (powder classifier) pʰá-gíixɨ (powder classifier) See Language page
Akawaio kuuduukpang ku'duʔpaŋ inheritance Pemongan See Language page
Apalai putoh ãko putoh ãko See Language page
Mapoyo nono nono See Language page
Yabarana no:no, ʝes'tçini, te'çi'ne See Language page
Yukpa véramsa See Language page
Muisca fusque puske See Language page
Barí ihtan-bruki See Language page
Northern Emberá phórbo phórbo See Language page
Epena yooro 'pʰora Lit. 'soil dust (particles). See also 'ashes' 01.840. See Language page
Guayabero ˀas-bél-in ('en el mano' - in hand, ˀas sɨx 'en el aire' - in air) inheritance Proto-Guahiban See Language page
Macaguan puwúmpeha ('polvo de tierra' - 'earth dust') unique See Language page
Cuiva íra múrei, átsa- béno polvo, dust Huber & Reed 1992:372
Playero átsa tɨskɨ - tsɨkɨn ('haee mucho polvo' - it's very dusty) See Language page
Cofán ande'su ccuttopa'si andeʔsɯ khɯthopaʔsi phonemic transcriptions are ESTIMATIONS See Language page
Candoshi-Shapra póyibó pójimpo See Language page
Taushiro iva iwa See Language page
Páez cytã´tujnd kytãʔtuknd See Language page
Tikuna a3te5xe4xü2 (A58) ateʔeʔɨ See Language page
Camsa polbí-ʃe (from span.) polbí-ʃe See Language page
Pumé dabú chjö See Language page
Puinave də-pɨp (also "ash") də-pɨp See Language page
Ashuar juyúr, mamúunkat xũjũr, mamu:nkat See Language page
Huambisa juyuimri xujumri See Language page
Aguaruna tsétse tsɨtsɨ See Language page
Nadëb/Roçado dialect atǝ̱g inheritance See Language page
Matses putu putu See Language page
Kakataibo mee poto *Panoan *poto with related meaning 'powder'. See Language page
Katukina mai poto Lit. 'earth particles' 01.210; cf. 'flour' 05.550. See Language page
Shipibo-Konibo poto; mai-poto See Language page
Yaminahua mapo [bapo] See Language page
Chácobo mišpo mišpo See Language page
Yagua jiru xiru See Language page
Southern Pastaza Quechua pulpu (Spanish loan?) pulpu See Language page
Ingá ñutui (to become dust) ñutui (to become dust) See Language page
Quechua Ayacuchano allpa aʎpa See Language page
Piaroa rehé'i'capheh (K76) rehéʔiʔtsapheh See Language page
Sáliva isejõ iseʔõ See Language page
Bará po'ká See Language page
Barasano bõdã, sitá, bue-ri bõdã, sitá, bue-ri See Language page
Carapana ɨ'gérí ɨ'gérí See Language page
Makuna sita bue-ri, sũhũ-ri sita bue-ri, sũhũ-ri See Language page
Yuruti 'úpapoka 'úpapoka See Language page
Waikhana poʔkari, oʔbẽ poʔkari, oʔbẽ See Language page
Siriano dĩ'kṹ wera dĩ'kṹ wera See Language page
Tanimuca kaʔ'i u'dyua kaʔ'i u'ʎua See Language page
Tatuyo hita bu'hérí hita bu'hérí See Language page
Tuyuka di'tá-bãdã di'tá-bãdã See Language page
Waimaja po'ká, hi'tá poká po'ká, hi'tá poká See Language page
Koreguaje cha'opo dʒaʔopo See Language page
Siona pico, ya'o piko, jaʔo See Language page
Secoya ne'ña pæ̃ʔ̃ɨ̃ña See Language page
Kokama turuka turuka See Language page
Wayampi kuʔi kuʔi inheritance/sem shift? see 'flour' See Language page
Aché mo tãčĩ See Language page
Chiriguano ɨwɨ-kui; ɨwɨ-kʷĩti unique earth-dust/flour' See Language page
Paraguayan Guaraní ɨvɨ-tiᵐbo Cf. 'ashes' 01.840. See Language page
Sirionó etuba; ekui̯i̯ etuba; ekui̯i̯ See Language page
Kamayurá ɨwɨtsimot (M2000) ɨwɨtsimot (M2000) See Language page
Ocaina ajóóju, ajoohuvóra, añoonhunvóra ahóóhɯ, ahooʔɯβóra, aɲoonʔɯ̃βóra See Language page
Nɨpode Witoto enḯ-čoma, ïmúitaï ɛnɯ́-tʃoma, ɯmúitaɯ See Language page
Minica Witoto enḯ-čoma ɛnɯ́-tʃoma See Language page
Murui Witoto imuìcɨ, hi.ora imuìkɨ, hi.ora See Language page
Iquito puquitína (dusty) pukitína (dusty) unknown See Language page
Wari tainʔ tainʔ Also means 'smoke' 01.830. Also oroyimain makanʔ, (fine dirt) 'little dirts'. See Language page
Araona poc̷ac̷a-i To be very dusty is awoc̷a. See Language page
Ese Ejja meši-hahi unique See Language page
Ese Ejja/Huarayo kia-poi kia-poi See Language page
Tacana epamo See 'flour' 05.550. See Language page
Cavineña moro moro inheritance See Language page
Central Aymara laq´a laḳˀa See Language page
Kwazá -nĩ- -nĩ- See Language page
Mosetén-Chimané pœ'dai; 'hak See Language page
Movima βus-kʷa βus-kʷa See Language page
Kaingang ga funfur (ga=soil; funfur=dust) ΦunΦur; Φun-Φun See Language page
Karajá brɨbɨ-si Cf. 'ashes' 01.840. See Language page
Djeoromitxi minõ minõ See Language page
Chipaya ṣ̌ḳeti Also means 'smoke' 01.830. See Language page
Mocoví n-amoʁo-yaʁa Lit. 'prefix-make dust-action (nom)'. See Language page
Pilagá ʔe'naa-yaʁa Lit. '?-action nom.'. See Language page
Toba n-amoʁo-yaʁa Lit. '(prefix)-make dust-action (nom.)'. See Language page
Lengua ɬapup anik See Language page
Sanapaná/Dialect Angaité ɬipop ampaia See Language page
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet aanek; akpaʔanma (ɬoopʔaktek) See Language page
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay hohnat-'muk Lit. 'earth-dust'. See 'lead' 09.680. See Language page
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja lamak (m.) See 'dandruff' 04.146; 'flour' 05.550; 'sugar' 05.850. See Language page
Maca ɬʔeḳhip (m.) See Language page
Nivaclé kˀim; kˀok dusk Cf. 'flour' 05.550. https://ids.clld.org/
Ayoreo u'ru-i Also see 'ashes' 01.840; 'flour' 05.550. See Language page
Mapudungun ṭ͡ʀufɨr Ranquel form is kuyɨm. See Language page
Qawasqar papas-ḳʰar See Language page
Selknam te Cf. 'smoke' 01.830. See Language page
Tehuelche 'tēm-hn Lit. 'of earth', cf. 01.212. Also 'hep, which also means 'ashes' 01.840. See Language page
Lokono kolheli koɽeli dust (in the air) Pet 1987:356
Kariña siwàko siwaɁko cloud of dust Courtz 2007:371