Languages of hunter-gatherers and their neighbors

head

Semantic Field
body
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish
cabeza
Meaning Portuguese
cabeça

Languages

Language Orthographic Form Phonemicized Form Gloss as in Source Etymology Code Proto-Form Proto-Language Loan Source Wanderwort Status Etyma Set Etymology Notes General Notes Source
Bankalachi Toloim ko-on'; ; go-on (K1907) unknown
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone pampi” semantic shift
Cahuilla yuluka-l inheritance S&H 1979
Central Sierra Miwok han:a- inheritance
Chemehuevi to/tsI loan into protolanguage JPH
Chumash Barbareno noksh (human only; noqsh is hum. or animal Wash 2001:38) unknown Mithun 1997:230
Chumash Cruzeno p-isp'uluwa unknown JPH
Chumash Ineseno 7oqwon' “head, hair” inheritance A 193
Chumash Obispeno cho7; sho7 in JPH RC) loan Klar 1977:49
Chumash Ventureno jywysh unknown Harrington 1974:5
Cocopa mkur unknown
Comanche paapI, papI semantic shift
Cupeño -yu [-yu] inheritance
Esselen kxa/ta-sVx loan Shaul 1995
Gabrielino nepoa:n “my head”; unique
Iipay 'Aa hellyta [xəɫʸˈta] unknown
Kawaiisu toci-vy inheritance?
Kiliwa 7iy inheritance
Kitanemuk pishach unique
Lake Miwok Lubbuduk loan
Luiseño yu:-la inheritance
Maidu 7ono/ inheritance
Mojave chuksa unknown
Mutsun mo:hel inheritance O77:56
Nisenan 7ono inheritance
Northern Paiute kwOO inheritance Thornes 03:77
Northern Sierra Miwok han:a- inheritance
Plains Miwok tolo- unknown
Salinan A a:/7ak (A), unknown
Salinan M To/paka unknown Mason 1918: 16
Seri (Comcaac) ili/t unknown
Serrano -Sy:7 unique
Southern Paiute tot:si-S loan into protolanguage
Southern Sierra Miwok han:a (Yosemite dialect) inheritance
Southern Ute tYchivI loan into protolanguage
Tübatulabal ko7ohn unknown
Tümpisa Shoshone pampi inheritance
Wappo hu/7 loan
Washo i/heb “head” 268; unknown J268
Western Mono woo unknown
Wintu phojoq inheritance
Yavapai qmpa^yq “brain(s), head”; k?o^ya “head, crown” unknown
Yokuts Palewyami -to:k unique Berman 2002
Yokuts Yawdanchi to\t: 238, 240 perhaps to:TH inheritance K07:238,240,
Yokuts Yowlumne 7oT'ow inheritance Golla 1964:62
Yuki nan inheritance S&S 1984
Baniwa -hiwída -hiwída inheritance See Language page
Carijona hutuhə inheritance See Language page
Cubeo jipobʉ xipobɨ inheritance See Language page
Dâw nũr nũh inheritance See Language page
Desano dipuru dipuɾu inheritance See Language page
Eñepa #NAME? #NAME? inheritance See Language page
Hodï tu unique See Language page
Waorani o-ka-bo unique See Language page
Hup núh ~dúh inheritance See Language page
Kakua wâw-daʔ [head-cl.round] inheritance See Language page
Makushi i-puʔpai (IDS) i-puʔpai (IDS) inheritance See Language page
Nheengatu akanga akaŋga inheritance See Language page
Ninam he (EM72 "head"); pelehe, məkə (EM72 "face") he (EM72 "head"); pelehe, məkə (EM72 "face") inheritance See Language page
Nukak wau2 inheritance See Language page
Maihiki chiobɨ ja tʃiobɨ xã inheritance See Language page
Pemon pai (A1981); puukpai (E1980); pu'pai (M2000) pai (A1981); puʔpaɪ (E1980) inheritance See Language page
Resígaro híveú híveú inheritance See Language page
Sanumá pili he, hɨ̃ko (EM72 "face"), he (EM72 "head") pili he, hɨ̃ko, he inheritance See Language page
Sikuani mataboko (1)(head of a person), itapa (1)(face), mata (2)(lexical root for head), mataakata (25)(to cover head), matanae (1)(head of an animal), matatopi (2)(brain) inheritance See Language page
Tariana dhiwída, di-whída dʰiwída, di-whída inheritance See Language page
Tukano dʉpóa dɨpóa inheritance E-W Tuk See Language page
Kotiria dapo daʰpú (stenz) inheritance E-W Tuk See Language page
Yanomam wiik (face), fe (head) fe (head), wi:k (face) inheritance See Language page
Yanomami pei he, pei nakɨ-tʰə-kɨ (temple), pei hesi (skull), pei heyõšI (brain), pei mohekɨ (face) , he (EM72 "head") pei he, pei nakɨ-tʰə-kɨ (temple), pei hesi (skull), pei hejõʃi (brain), pei mohekɨ (face) , he inheritance See Language page
Yukuna wíla'aruji wílaʔaɾuhi inheritance See Language page
Yuhup dũ̌h ~dǔh inheritance See Language page
Arabana kardapu inheritance
Bardi nalma nalma inheritance
Bunuba gungurlu loan
Burarra jawurrga unknown
Dhangu muḻkurr unknown
Dhuwal rliya
Dhuwala djuḻuḻu unknown
Diyari mangathanrra inheritance
DiyariREU kurukuku semantic shift
Djambarrpuyngu 1521 inheritance
Djapu rliya inheritance
Djinang guṉgi unknown
Gajirrabeng gemerndeng unique
Gooniyandi mirra unique
Gupapuyngu rliya inheritance
Gurindji ngarlaka loan unknown
Jabirr-Jabirr nalm; -alm nalm; -alm inheritance
Jaru langga semantic shift
Jawi nalm nalm inheritance
Karajarri 3807 inheritance
Kija kungkulu- unique
Malyangapa kakaminta unique
Mangala marru unique
Miriwung goorroonyoong unique
Mithaka kungku inheritance
Mudburra ngarla/uka
Mudburra kurlaka unique
Ngamini mangadalrra inheritance
Ngandi gu-rlong inheritance
Ngarluma yurlga unique
Ngumbarl nalma, nalm nalm inheritance
Nhirrpi kuka inheritance
Nimanburru -alm XXngl marru -alm inheritance
Northern Mangarla marru
Northern Nyangumarta juju inheritance
Nyangumarta jinturtu inheritance
Nyikina nalma; marru nalma; marru inheritance
Nyulnyul -alm -alm inheritance
Paakantyi dardu
Pirriya pumpa
Pitta-Pitta karti inheritance
Rirratjingu muḻkurr
Ritharrngu rliya inheritance
Walmajarri jurlu inheritance
Wangkayutyuru karti inheritance
Warrwa nalma nalma inheritance
Wubuy laang inheritance
Yan-nhangu riya inheritance
Yandruwandha kuka inheritance
Yarluyandi kungu inheritance
Yawarrawarrka kunku inheritance
Yawuru marru marru inheritance
Achagua wíta wíta inheritance See Language page
Piapoco [nu]iwita [nu]iwita See Language page
Kabiyari hiwíta hiwíta See Language page
Yavitero sihu sihu See Language page
Wapishana -ẓuwaɨ -ẓuwaɨ inheritance Proto-Arawak See Language page
Mandawaka wa wa See Language page
Wayuu te-kii (~ ta-kii) See Language page
Yine xiwɨ *Piro-Apuriná form is *'kɨwɨ. See Language page
Paresi eseri etseri inheritance See Language page
Ignaciano #NAME? See Language page
Trinitario -čutmoko; -čuti The latter also means 'capitán', leader. See Language page
Baure ni-'poʔe ni-'poʔe unique See Language page
Waurá -tɨwɨ -tɨwɨ inheritance See Language page
Arutani kwate kwate See Language page
Sape moynakuawi moynaku See Language page
Cha'palaa 'miš-'puka; 'mišu 'puka is 'sphere/spherical' 12.830. Used in compounds. See 'fruit' 05.710. *South Barbacoan form is *mišu. See Language page
Bora nííkwaï nííkwaɯ inheritance See Language page
Muinane nígaɨ nígaɨ See Language page
Akawaio puukpai puʔpaɪ inheritance Pemongan See Language page
Akawaio/Ingariko dialect puʔpai puʔpai See Language page
Apalai upuhpo upuhpo inheritance See Language page
Wayana uputpë uputpǝ inheritance See Language page
Tiriyó putupë putupǝ inheritance See Language page
Makiritare hūʔhə (IDS); hu:'hö (KH) (means 'my head') hu:ʔhə inheritance See Language page
Mapoyo wastë-ri (wastë-'bë); wastë pu'bë (skull- lit. shell of the head); wastë yamuru-bë (brains); peta-ri (face) wastɛ-ri (wastɛ-'bɛ); wastɛ pu'bɛ (skull- lit. shell of the head); wastɛ jamuru-bɛ (brains); peta-ri (face) See Language page
Wai Wai o-htɨΦɨ-rɨ o-htɨΦɨ-rɨ inheritance See Language page
Yabarana wais'teri See Language page
Yukpa ábara, abásaret dʒiwasa See Language page
Kalapalo Gitïgi Gitɨgi unique See Language page
Muisca zysquy tʂɨskuɨ See Language page
Barí asaakbah; asaɨg Colombia: sayʔbərə; 'crown of head' is dok'banə. *Chibchan form is *'c̷ã. See Language page
Northern Emberá booró boːró See Language page
Epena 'poro 'Crown of head' is poro-'sãu. See Language page
Guayabero mat-né-t inheritance Proto-Guahiban See Language page
Macaguan matbók matbók inheritance Proto-Guahiban See Language page
Cuiva pe-nta-sípa cabeza, head Huber & Reed 1992:8
Cofán tsove tsoβɛ phonemic transcriptions are ESTIMATIONS See Language page
Candoshi-Shapra moocho mootʃo unique See Language page
Taushiro nu´(hi´) nuʔ{hiʔ} See Language page
Páez dicté dikte See Language page
Tikuna naeru [2-3, 4, 2] naeɾu unique See Language page
Urarina kuturi kutuɽi unique See Language page
Camsa béstzaze bestʂase See Language page
Andoke #NAME? #NAME? unique See Language page
Pumé tʰɔbɛ See Language page
Puinave #NAME? hujak unique See Language page
Máku ke:te ke:te See Language page
Warao kʷahi (head top) kʷahi (head top) See Language page
Ashuar múuk mu:k See Language page
Huambisa muuke mu:kɨ See Language page
Aguaruna buúk bu:k inheritance See Language page
Nadëb/Roçado dialect nuːh inheritance See Language page
Nadëb/Rio Negro dialect nuːh See Language page
Matses mapi mapi inheritance See Language page
Kakataibo maṣ̌'ka; mapuṣ̌oo Latter form is 'head of animal'. 'Crown of head' is ma'či;. *Panoan *βoṣ̌kata. *Panoan *mapo. See 'ridgepole' 07.530. See Language page
Katukina mapo Also homophonous with 'clay' 09.730. See Language page
Pacahuara 'mapo d'Orb mapo. Arm mapo. See Language page
Shipibo-Konibo maṣ̌po; ma-po; βo- Prefix means 'on the side of the head'. See Language page
Yaminahua mapo See Language page
Chácobo ma-po ma-po inheritance See Language page
Yagua jno hnõ unique See Language page
Southern Pastaza Quechua uma uma See Language page
Ingá uma uma See Language page
Napo Lowland Quichua uma uma See Language page
Quechua Ayacuchano uma uma See Language page
Piaroa huˈuh huɁuh unknown See Language page
Sáliva illu, illute iʤu, iʤute unknown See Language page
Bará dɨ'pɨa See Language page
Barasano rihoa (J), rɨhoa (E) rihoa (J), rɨhoa (E) See Language page
Carapana rʉpoa ɾɨpɔa See Language page
Makuna rihoga rihoga inheritance See Language page
Yuruti dɨ́powɨ dɨ́powɨ See Language page
Waikhana da'pu da'pu See Language page
Siriano di'pú-ru di'pú-ru See Language page
Tanimuca ru'pu ko'a ru'pu ko'a inheritance See Language page
Tatuyo rɨ'póa rɨ'póa See Language page
Tuyuka du'pu duʔpu See Language page
Waimaja dɨᵽɨ́gʌ̀ dɨɸɨ́gʌ̀ See Language page
Koreguaje sĩjopʉ sĩxopʉ inheritance See Language page
Siona sĩho; sĩhopˀɨ; sˀĩ-hõ sĩho; sĩhopˀɨ; sˀĩ-hõ inheritance See Language page
Secoya siopë sĩo'pɨ See Language page
Karitiana ´o ʔo unknown See Language page
Kokama yaquɨ, yaquɨcuara jakɨ, jakɨkuaɾa inheritance See Language page
Wayampi ãkã ãkã inheritance See Language page
Aché tõʔõ unknown See Language page
Chiriguano (če-)ãka inheritance See Language page
Paraguayan Guaraní akã See Language page
Sirionó eãkĩ eãkĩ inheritance See Language page
Kamayurá akaŋ akaŋ inheritance See Language page
Ocaina oohfo ooʔɸo inheritance See Language page
Nɨpode Witoto ḯpo ɯ́po See Language page
Minica Witoto ïɸó-kï ɯɸó-kɯ See Language page
Murui Witoto ïɸo-gï ɯɸo-gɯ inheritance See Language page
Iquito ánaca ánaka inheritance See Language page
Záparo anaka anaka See Language page
Wari winašiʔ (wayiʔ) winaʃiʔ (wajiʔ) See Language page
Araona e-šoa See 'potato' 05.700. *Tacn form is *e-iyo-xa. See Language page
Ese Ejja e-sapa; e-woxa inheritance See Language page
Ese Ejja/Huarayo e-sapa; e-woxa (Girard 1971) e-sapa; e-woxa See Language page
Tacana e-čoa See Language page
Cavineña i-yo-ka i-yo-ka inheritance See Language page
Central Aymara p´eqe pˀiḳi See Language page
Cayuvava bãrãkama ~ ma'rakame '(Possessed) head' aβa'rakame ~ ãβãrãkame. See Language page
Itonama uh-ču 'Crown of the head' is uhyanakˀakˀano. See Language page
Kwazá tsuty, -kuty tsuty, -kuty See Language page
Mosetén-Chimané xuʔ'no Also means 'skull' 04.202. See Language page
Movima ba-kʷakʷa ba-kʷakʷa See Language page
Trumai kut(-ake); (ha) kuta kut(-ake); (ha) kuta unique See Language page
Kaingang krĩ -krĩ See Language page
Canela ii-kʰrɛ Also means 'hole' 12.850. *Jê form is *krɛ. See Language page
Suyá krã krã See Language page
Karajá ra; ra-ti See Language page
Djeoromitxi kõãka kõãka See Language page
Chipaya ača Uru-J form is ača; Uru-I form is či. See Language page
Mocoví l-ḳahik See Language page
Pilagá la-ḳai-k See Language page
Toba l-ḳaik See Language page
Lengua #NAME? See Language page
Sanapaná/Dialect Angaité apkatik See Language page
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet empaʔtek See Language page
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay -ɬe'tek Cf. 'top' 12.330. See Language page
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja -xetek ~ -xitek (f.) See Language page
Maca -xiɬaʔ (m.) See Language page
Nivaclé -šatič head https://ids.clld.org/
Ayoreo gaa'toi See Language page
Mapudungun loŋko Same in Ranquel. See Language page
Qawasqar tes-ḳʰar Lit. 'eye-instrumental' 04.210. Also kaftal-kʰar. Bo, Cy, Li record orkwar for Central QWS. Fi records oftsoka for South QWS. See Language page
Selknam ahle-tˀàʔ See Language page
Tehuelche 'čˀeʔtr See Language page
Kanamarí -ki -ki cabeça Magalhães 2018:352
Lokono (i)si(-hi) (i)si(-hi) head Pet 1987:360
Kariña upu'po upoʔpo head; alone Yamada 2010:821