Languages of hunter-gatherers and their neighbors

resin

Semantic Field
subsistence tool
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish
resina, brea, copal
Meaning Portuguese
resina, brea, breu

Languages

Language Orthographic Form Phonemicized Form Gloss as in Source Etymology Code Proto-Form Proto-Language Loan Source Wanderwort Status Etyma Set Etymology Notes Word Structure Word Structure Notes General Notes Source
Kakua wɨ̌̃h wã̂; wɨ̃h doubtful loan, direction unknown Hup Also wã̂ 'brea' (black resin made from tree bark); Compare Hup wɔ̃h Simplex See Language page
Nheengatu icika isika inheritance Subgroup or higher Simplex See Language page
Hodï du'yata du'yata unique See Language page
Yanomami husuhusu (particularly the Caucho tree), warapa ko hi husuhusu (particularly the Caucho tree), warapa ko hi unknown; unknown Reduplicated See Language page
Yanomam weyeri hi (WM99) wejeɾi hi (WM99) missing See Language page
Kotiria yucùcù se yucùcù se unknown Compound See Language page
Cubeo cõenó, cõenórʉ, cõenótʉcarʉ kõɛnó, kõɛnólʉ, kõɛnótʉkalʉ unknown See Language page
Tukano opê opê inheritance Simplex See Language page
Maihiki maja ja maxa xã loan + semantic shift from beeswax (Arawak/Quechua loan?) See Language page
Hup wɔ̃h wɔ̃h doubtful loan, direction unknown Kakua Simplex See Language page
Dâw wʉʉ́k wɨ̌k inheritance See Language page
Sikuani mawi mawi doubtful loan Arawak Compare Wai Wai, maaɲi Simplex See Language page
Guayabero mäst hawétʃ unique Simplex See Language page
Pemon maruai (Romero) maruai (Romero) unknown Alternate: i-vek Compound 'tree liquid' See Language page
Makushi eʔku (SM), maitikin (Freitas 2003) eʔku (SM), maitikin (Freitas 2003) unknown; unknown See Language page
Eñepa ayawa, puku (MM) ajawa, puku (MM) unknown Compare Ashuar pũɯ See Language page
Yukuna mã́i mã́i inheritance Probably from 'bee/wax' Simplex See Language page
Tariana maini maini inheritance See Language page
Baniwa máini máini inheritance Compare Aguaruna pɨngkaɨ, Cocama kai Simplex See Language page
Resígaro maání maání inheritance Simplex See Language page
Bardi goom loan English not sure if loan
Nyulnyul kem loan English
Nimanburru kem loan English
Jabirr-Jabirr kem loan English
Yulparija kirti inheritance
Yawuru kome inheritance
Nyikina limirri, kanti inheritance
Ngarluma pulka doubtful inheritance
Walmajarri marnta unknown edible gum; eucalypt gum kiyimi
Mudburra tyikala loan Jingulu
Jaru watyan inheritance
Gurindji tyikala loan Jingulu WW %tyikala
Gooniyandi piriwiri semantic shift <bendee tree (source of gum)
Bunuba kantiy unknown
Gajirrabeng katyarrang inheritance WW %katyarrang spinifex resin; also tyatang; spinifex resin
Jingulu tiyinu inheritance WW %tiyinu bloodwood gum; Jaminjung tini
Wardaman tini loan Jaminjung WW %tiyinu
Kija kaliwuny unknown kino, edible gum from bloodwoood etc.
Miriwung katyarrang inheritance spinifex resin
Achagua matʃajnadejliə, máini (H2001) matʃajnadejliə, máini (H2001) inheritance See Language page
Piapoco máini máini See Language page
Yavitero mani mani See Language page
Paresi atyazaˈta atjaðaˈta unknown See Language page
Bora máánií 'brea' máánií 'brea' loan (into protolg?) Arawak See Language page
Muinane máani (W97) máani See Language page
Akawaio/Ingariko dialect karo (type? Souza Cruz) karo (Souza Cruz) See Language page
Apalai mopuku mopuku inheritance shared Eñepa See Language page
Wayana sipë sipǝ unknown See Language page
Makiritare tu:nu:nu (white medicinal resin) (KH) tu:nu:nu unknown See Language page
Wai Wai maaɲi (SM) maaɲi (SM) loan Arawak See Language page
Yukpa kuscha kustʃa See Language page
Kalapalo itali itali unknown See Language page
Northern Emberá bréa bréa See Language page
Candoshi-Shapra vaashi, kansi waaʃi, kansi unknown; loan, direction unknown Achuar See Language page
Taushiro ava´a, inante´ awaʔa, inantɨʔ See Language page
Páez spiina´sa See Language page
Tikuna ó-iĩé (Alv44) óʔiĩé unique See Language page
Urarina sakari sakaɽi unique See Language page
Andoke ta(o)kah (RW52) unique See Language page
Puinave pun-um (tree sap) pun-um unique See Language page
Warao dáu a-mútu (Goeje1930) dáu a-mútu (Goeje1930) See Language page
Ashuar pue, puwáje, kántse, sekát pũɯ, pũwaxɯ, kantsɯ, sɯkat See Language page
Huambisa shiripik, sekat ʃiripink, sɨkat See Language page
Aguaruna púwag, pégkae púwang, pɨngkaɨ inheritance See Language page
Nadëb/Roçado dialect jari, jɛri doubtful loan cf. Yanomam wejeri See Language page
Matses buid buid unknown See Language page
Yagua jaricha xaritʃa unique See Language page
Southern Pastaza Quechua viqui, pungara biki, pungara See Language page
Ingá karaña karaña See Language page
Napo Lowland Quichua huiqui, pungara wiki, pungara See Language page
Quechua Ayacuchano sach'ap-wiqin (CP94) satʃ'ap-wiqin See Language page
Piaroa ihtanéhah ihtanéhah unknown See Language page
Carapana ʉpe ɨpɛ See Language page
Tuyuka upe upe See Language page
Koreguaje maja maxa semantic shift from beeswax (Arawak/Quechua loan?) See Language page
Siona maja maha semantic shift from beeswax (Arawak/Quechua loan?) See Language page
Karitiana okɨ oky semantic shift from beeswax See Language page
Kokama kai kai unknown See Language page
Wayampi yɨɨ, ayawa (G89) jɨɨ, ajawa (G89) unknown See Language page
Sirionó ira isiˌ eisi (P85) ira isiˌ eisi inheritance See Language page
Ocaina ajiin, juvocára ahĩĩ, huβokára unique See Language page
Murui Witoto bɨrillafecɨ, jemecɨ (for canoes) bɯridʒaɸecɯ, hemecɯ (for canoes) (B83) unique See Language page
Iquito riyacáca, quɨriíja rijakáka, kɨriíha unknown See Language page
Záparo iryawchi irjawʧi See Language page
Wari naran (Sousa2009) naran (Sousa2009) See Language page
Ese Ejja/Huarayo e-maʔi (Girard 1971) e-maʔi (Girard 1971) See Language page
Tacana e-madi (G71) e-madi (G71) See Language page
Cavineña e-madi (G71) e-madi (G71) loan (into protolg?) Arawak See Language page
Kwazá nũtenv nũtenv See Language page
Movima losicua (J62) losikua See Language page
Kaingang jẽnjo yẽnyo See Language page
Djeoromitxi kamĩte kamĩte See Language page
Kariña ajawa ajawa resin; torch Yamada 2010:708