Hunter-Gatherer Language Database

butterfly, moth

Semantic Field: flora-fauna
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish: mariposa
Meaning Portuguese: borboleta

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Language	Linnean Name	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Proto-Form	Proto-Language	Loan Source	Etymology Notes	Wanderwort Status	Etyma Set	Range of Term	Word Structure	Word Structure Notes	Classifier	Classifier Notes	Hypernym	Source	Association with Social Categories	Ritual/Mythologically Significant	Ritual Notes	Food Source	Food Notes	Medicinal	Medicinal Notes	How Collected	Who Collects	How Prepared	Psychotropic	Psychotropic Notes	Traded	Trade Notes	Distribution	Habitat	Dangerous	Ethnobiology Notes	Species Notes	General Notes

Language	Linnean Name	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Proto-Form	Proto-Language	Loan Source	Etymology Notes	Wanderwort Status	Etyma Set	Range of Term	Word Structure	Word Structure Notes	Classifier	Classifier Notes	Source	Association with Social Categories	Ritual/Mythologically Significant	Ritual Notes	Food Source	Food Notes	Medicinal	How Collected	Who Collects	How Prepared	Psychotropic	Traded	Distribution	Habitat	Dangerous	General Notes
Achagua	order Lepidoptera	á:tutuma	á:tutuma		loan			Bora tootóba, Witoto tɨtɨbɛ									See Language page
Aché	order Lepidoptera		pana		inheritance												See Language page
Aguaruna	order Lepidoptera	wámpishuk	wámpiʃuk		inheritance												See Language page
Akawaio	order Lepidoptera	wagau	wagaʊ		unknown		Akawaio, Pemon	shared Pemon									See Language page		0		0		0				0	0			no
Andoke	order Lepidoptera	baba	baba		unique												See Language page
Apalai	order Lepidoptera	mapetekere	mapetekere		unique												See Language page
Araona	order Lepidoptera		hababa-i; hapo-i														See Language page															Tacn forms are śababa; *śapora.
Ashuar	order Lepidoptera	shímpiampu, wámpang (giant blue butterfly)	ʃimpiampu, wampaŋ														See Language page
Ayoreo	order Lepidoptera		kan̥ooi														See Language page															Also gan̥ooi. There are many kinds.
Baniwa	order Lepidoptera	makálo	makáɺo		unique				Compare Candoshi mákawa				uncoded				See Language page		0		0		0				0	0			no
Bankalachi Toloim	Lepidoptera	wo-ki'-kits		Butterfly	loan			Yokuts	Yowlumne mo-ki-kits “moth” (Big Sphynx, variegated); Palewyami waw'-ki'-kitch “butterfly”			same	underived				C. H. Merriam 72-79, 60-465		2		0		0				0	0			no
Bardi	Lepidoptera	aambarn	aambarn		semantic shift				stingray sp.				underived						0		0		0				0	0			no
Bare	order Lepidoptera	káthu	kátʰu														See Language page
Barí	order Lepidoptera		somēme														See Language page															Chibchan form is kua-; *kuaʔ-.
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone	Lepidoptera	a'ipputunkih		Butterfly	inheritance	*??-pu(tonki)	Numic		Stubbs 326 (2008:85), T. Shoshone has aasi-, not a'i”, but Stubbs puts in same set			same	underived	etymologically some kind of phrase			Crapo 1976:115		2		0		0				0	0			no
Bora	order Lepidoptera	doodóba, turáácajɨ (T98)	tootóba, tʰuráákʰaxɨ		inheritance			loan into Witoto; possibly Achagua?									See Language page
Bunuba	Lepidoptera	walimarrgu	walimarrgu		loan			S.Jarragan					underived						0		0		0				0	0			no
Burarra	Lepidoptera	missing			missing								missing						0		0		0				0	0			no
Cahuilla	Lepidoptera	málmal	ˈmalmal	butterfly	inheritance	*mal-	Cupan		Note Cupeño malval “butterfly”			unclear; Merriam has several words for butterfly, does not get this one for Desert Cahuilla, does not list as generic	other complex	malma-l (may have reduplication but this is not clear)	-7aʃ "pet"	possibly possessive classifier -7ash	Seiler&Hioki 1979:100	no info	2		0	caterpillars of many species eaten	no info	no info	no info	no info	0	0	Americas	Diverse habitats	no
Candoshi-Shapra	order Lepidoptera	mákawa	mákawa		doubtful loan			Zaparo, from Tupi-Guarani?									See Language page
Canela	order Lepidoptera		wɛwɛ-														See Language page
Cavineña	order Lepidoptera	hababa; hapipi	hababa; hapipi														See Language page
Central Aymara	order Lepidoptera	pilpintu	pilpintu														See Language page
Central Sierra Miwok	Lepidoptera	hól:ok:iTiwa-		butterfly	inheritance		Sierra Miwokan only		Also in Mins; holo part shared with Mip				phrase	meaning of elements unknown			Freeland & Broadbent 1960		2		0		0				0	0			no
Cha'palaa	order Lepidoptera		'punbu														See Language page															South Barbacoan form is puNpu.
Chemehuevi	Lepidoptera	ɂá·sivoɂotsI		Butterfly	inheritance	*asipu-	Numic		Stubbs 326 (2008:85) Central and Southern Numic			same	other complex	has -tsi DIM; stem probably compound, but elements unidentified			Harrington Chemehuevi Noun List		2		0		0				0	0			no
Chipaya	order Lepidoptera		pilpinti [cf. Aymara]														See Language page
Chiriguano	order Lepidoptera		pãna-pãna		inheritance												See Language page
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja	order Lepidoptera		kopiyeʔ (f.)														See Language page
Chumash Barbareno	Lepidoptera	ʔaya-tulutul		butterfly	inheritance		Central Chumash only		Also in Ineseno				phrase	meaming of elements unknown for lack of dictionary			Beeler 1978:174		2		0		0				0	0			no
Chumash Ineseno	Lepidoptera	ʔaya-tulutul		butterfly (Merriam confirms 55:19)	inheritance		Central Chumash only		Also in Barbareno				phrase	but unanalyzable			Applegate 51		2		0		0				0	0			no
Chumash Obispeno	Lepidoptera	missing			missing								missing						2		0		0				0	0			no
Chumash Ventureno	Lepidoptera	missing			missing								missing						2		0		0				0	0			no
Chácobo	order Lepidoptera	hotoro	hotoro		unknown												See Language page
Cocopa	Lepidoptera	şxmalyáp		butterfly	inheritance		Delta-California		Iipay Aa mes-halyaap			same	underived	no analysis in Crawford, but Iipay Aa mes-halyaap suggests diachronic complexity			Crawford 1989		2		0		0				0	0			no
Cofán	order Lepidoptera	sian, ttuviya	sian														See Language page															phonemic transcriptions are ESTIMATIONS
Comanche	Lepidoptera	ueyahcoró		butterfly	unique							same	underived	probably complex but impossible to recover etymology or analysis			Rejon 1995:21		2		0		0				0	0			no
Cubeo	order Lepidoptera	tataroco (generic term), avinatataroco, boritataroco, buʉtataroco, jiacãratataroco, jímiatataroco, joroboðatataroco, macatataroco, mácatataroco, pácorotataroco, pṹotataroco, pṹotuarotataroco, tépatataroco, vã́ritataroco, vecʉtataroco, yocatataroco, ab	tataloko (generic term), avinatataloko, bolitataloko, buʉtataloko, hiakãlatataloko, hímiatataloko, holoboðatataloko, makatataloko, mákatataloko, pákolotataloko, pṹotataloko, pṹotualotataloko, tɛ́patataloko, vã́litataloko, vɛkʉtataloko, jokatataloko, a		inheritance		East Tukanoan		Attested Wanano, Cubeo. Also avinatatalɔkɔ, bɔlitatalɔkɔ, buʉtatalɔkɔ, ɣiakãlatatalɔkɔ, ɣímiatatalɔkɔ, ɣɔlɔbɔðatatalɔkɔ, makatatalɔkɔ, mákatatalɔkɔ, pákɔlɔtatalɔkɔ, pṹɔtatalɔkɔ, pṹɔtualɔtatalɔkɔ, tɛ́patatalɔkɔ, vã́litatalɔkɔ, vɛkʉtatalɔkɔ, jɔkatatalɔkɔ, a				uncoded				See Language page		0		0		0				0	0			no
Cupeño	Lepidoptera	malval	ˈmalval	butterfly	inheritance	*mal-	Cupan		note Cahuilla malmal			same	other complex	ˈmalva-l butterfly-npn	-ʔaʃ "pet"	possessive classifier for animals	Hill & Nolasquez 1973:161	no info	2		0	larvae eaten	no info	no info	no info	no info	0	0	global	diverse habitats	no
Desano	order Lepidoptera	puguru	puguru		inheritance				Desano and Siriano				uncoded				See Language page		0		0		0				0	0			no
Dhangu	Lepidoptera	missing			missing								missing						0		0		0				0	0			no
Dhay’yi	Lepidoptera	missing			missing														0		0		0				0	0			no
Dhuwal	Lepidoptera	missing			missing								missing						0		0		0				0	0			no
Djeoromitxi	order Lepidoptera	hareru	hareru														See Language page
Djinang	Lepidoptera	missing			missing								missing						0		0		0				0	0			no
Dâw	order Lepidoptera	mem	mæm		inheritance			East Tukanoan	Tukanoan mumu				underived				See Language page		0		0		0				0	0			no
Epena	order Lepidoptera		para'pau ~ paa'pau														See Language page
Ese Ejja	order Lepidoptera		xapipi														See Language page
Ese Ejja/Huarayo	order Lepidoptera	xapipi	xapipi														See Language page
Esselen	Lepidoptera	missing			missing								missing						2		0		0				0	0			no
Eñepa	order Lepidoptera	kočapin; Var. kojchapin, kochipipin (MM)	kotʃapin; Var. kohtʃapin, kotʃipipin (MM)		unique				Also kohtʃapin, kotʃipipin								See Language page		0		0		0				0	0			no
Gabrielino	Lepidoptera	ah'-tab-bah, 72-79, 60-431	ˈʔa:tavaʔ	butterfly	inheritance	*ˈʔa:tava	Takic		See Kitanemuk 'atavatava; perhaps a loan between the 2 languages; see note on “Bat”			broader (includes moths and butterflies)	underived	no npn	-ʔaʧ "pet"	possessive classifier for animals	http://www.archive.org/stream/bancroft_chartmerriam_1556_60#page/n415/mode/2up; p. 431	no info	2		0	McC 121	no info	gathered (wild)	all	larvae often eaten raw as found McC 121	0	0	Global	Diverse habitats	no
Gooniyandi	Lepidoptera	malimali	malimali		loan			Jaru		WW	%malimali		reduplicated						0		0		0				0	0			no
Gumatj	Lepidoptera	missing			missing														0		0		0				0	0			no
Gupapuyngu	Lepidoptera	missing			missing								missing						0		0		0				0	0			no
Gurindji	Lepidoptera	malimali	malimali		loan			Jaminjung	from Wardaman	WW	%malimali		reduplicated						0		0		0				0	0			no
Guugu Yimidhirr	Lepidoptera	walbuulbul	walbuulbul	moth, butterfly (also sharpwinged stingray sp)	loan direction unknown	*walbulV	local	Kuku-Yalanji	To KYal /walbul-walbul/; poss loan, source not determined				reduplicated	partial					0		0		0				0	0			no
Hodï	order Lepidoptera	warepa	waleba		unique								uncoded				See Language page		0		0		0				0	0			no
Huambisa	order Lepidoptera	wampishuk	wampiʃuk														See Language page
Hup	order Lepidoptera	b'eb'ěp	b'eb'ěp		inheritance		Hup-Yuhup						reduplicated				See Language page		0		0		0				0	0			no
Ignaciano	order Lepidoptera		sipačača														See Language page
Iipay 'Aa	Lepidoptera	mes-halyaap		butterfly	inheritance		Delta-California		Cocopz şxmalyáp			same	underived	mes- a common initial element but meaningless			Couro & Hutcheson 1973		2		0		0				0	0			no
Iquito	order Lepidoptera	paqu'ɨti	pak'ɨti		unknown												See Language page
Itonama	order Lepidoptera		poleʔpole														See Language page
Jaru	Lepidoptera	malimali	malimali		loan			Jingulu	fom Wardaman	WW	%malimali		uncoded						0		0		0				0	0			no
Jingulu	Lepidoptera	marlimarlirni	marlimarlirni		unknown								reduplicated						0		0		0				0	0			no
Kabiyari	order Lepidoptera	káawi	káawi														See Language page
Kaingang	order Lepidoptera	toto	toto														See Language page
Kakataibo	order Lepidoptera		pɨmpɨṣ̌oo														See Language page
Kakua	order Lepidoptera	dǎdaʔ	dâdaʔ		doubtful loan			Cubeo tata(-roco)					underived				See Language page		0		0		0				0	0			no
Kanamarí	order Lepidoptera	awano	awano	borboleta													Magalhães 2018:356
Karajarri	Lepidoptera	benda benda	benda benda		loan			Yawuru					reduplicated						0		0		0				0	0			no
Karajá	order Lepidoptera		očiša														See Language page
Kariña	order Lepidoptera	paramparan	paraNparan	butterfly, moth													Courtz 2007:337														no
Karitiana	order Lepidoptera	kynkon	kɨnkon		unknown												See Language page
Katukina	order Lepidoptera		šaʔɨ pɨro														See Language page
Kawaiisu	Lepidoptera	Ɂaasibɨ-zi		butterfly	inheritance		Proto-Numic		Note T.Shoshone aasiputungkwi			same	other complex	Ɂaasibɨ-zi butterfly-ABS			Zigmond et al.		2		0		0				0	0			no
Kija	Lepidoptera	warlimarrkul	warlimarrkul		inheritance	walmarrku	Jarragan						underived						0		0		0				0	0			no
Kiliwa	Lepidoptera	kuu=xtap		butterfly (vars.)	unique							same	phrase	both elements meaningless; kuu onomatopoeic in a bird name			Mixco 1985		2		0		0				0	0			no
Kitanemuk	Lepidoptera	ʔatavatava	ˈʔatavatava	butterfly, moth	unique							broader (includes both butterflies and moths)	reduplicated	ʔatavatava	-ʔacit "pet"	possessive classifier for animals	Anderton 1988:273	no info	2		0		no info	no info	no info	no info	0	0	global	Diverse habitats	no
Kokama	order Lepidoptera	panama (Mello2000)	panama (Mello2000)		inheritance												See Language page
Koko-Bera	Lepidoptera	missing			missing
Koreguaje	order Lepidoptera	cucu	kuku		unique												See Language page
Kotiria	order Lepidoptera	tataroairo (Waltz)	tataɾoaiɾo (Waltz)		inheritance		East Tukanoan		attested only Cubeo, Wanano				uncoded				See Language page		0		0		0				0	0			no
Kuku-Thaypan	Lepidoptera	missing			missing								missing						0		0		0				0	0			no
Kuku-Yalanji	Lepidoptera	walbul-walbul	walbul-walbul		loan direction unknown	*walbulV	local	Guugu Yimidhirr	To GYim /walbuulbul/; poss loan, source not determined				reduplicated						0		0		0				0	0			no
Kurtjar	Lepidoptera	rebhilbhil	rebhilbhil		unique								reduplicated		eeny				0		0		0				0	0			no
Kuuk Thaayorre	Lepidoptera	mopun; ruurr-	mopun; ruurr-		unique				Poss. calque				underived						0		0		0				0	0			no
Kwazá	order Lepidoptera	tsetseritse	tsetseritse														See Language page
Lake Miwok	Lepidoptera	wolóolok		butterfly	loan			Hill Patwin	Patwin forms bo:lbolik, ba:lbalik, walalakai “butterfly, poppy”				reduplicated				Callaghan 1965		2		0		0				0	0			no
Lengua	order Lepidoptera		se-lik-lik														See Language page
Lokono	order Lepidoptera	kambana	kambana	butterfly, moth													Fanshawe 1949:65														no
Luiseño	Lepidoptera	7avélaka	Ɂaʹvelaka	butterfly	unique				S324 (Stubbs 2009:85); very similar form in Cahuilla. S's own reconstruction with *p is an anachronism since this is just Cupan			same	underived	no non.possessed.noun suffix			Elliott 1999:144	no info	2	Season Song: Butterfly has his wamkish (Kroeber 1925:658	0		no info	no info	no info	no info	0	0	global	diverse (depends on species)	no
Maca	order Lepidoptera		fol-fol (m.)														See Language page
Macaguan	order Lepidoptera	kokót	kokót		unknown								uncoded				See Language page		0		0		0				0	0			no
Maidu	Lepidoptera	kápuslelè		butterfly	unique								other complex	kapus is a root			Shipley 1963		2		0		0				0	0			no
Maihiki	order Lepidoptera	mɨmɨ ago	mɨmɨ ago		inheritance		Proto-Tukanoan						uncoded		ago	ago = feminine animate	See Language page		0		0		0				0	0			no
Makiritare	order Lepidoptera	matūtu (IDS); matu:tu (KH)	matu:tu		loan, direction unknown			Sikuani									See Language page
Makuna	order Lepidoptera	jogoro	xogoɾo		inheritance												See Language page
Makushi	order Lepidoptera	péppé	péppé		inheritance		Unknown (attested Waimiri-Atroari, Makushi)										See Language page		0		0		0				0	0			no
Mapudungun	order Lepidoptera		t̯on̯-t̯on̯														See Language page															Ranquel form is piniken.
Matses	order Lepidoptera	podochued, tucudu	podotʃued, tukudu		unknown												See Language page
Mbabaram	Lepidoptera	missing	missing		missing														0		0		0				0	0			no
Miriwung	Lepidoptera	walimarrgung	walimarrgung		inheritance	walimarrku	Jarragan						underived						0		0		0				0	0			no
Mocoví	order Lepidoptera		so 'paare														See Language page
Mojave	Lepidoptera	hunapnap		butterfly	unique				Note IA mes-halyaap; C.şxmalyáp ; Yuma xan7a.vlye/p Halpern 3:208			same	phrase	iihu napanap nose flattened			Munro et al.1992		2		0		0				0	0			no
Mosetén-Chimané	order Lepidoptera		batak'tak														See Language page
Movima	order Lepidoptera	ɗelto-βen̉	ɗelto-βen̉														See Language page
Muinane	order Lepidoptera	tyúhútyúba (W97)	tjúʔútjúba														See Language page
Murui Witoto	order Lepidoptera	tɨtɨbe	tɨtɨbɛ (small sp., B83)		loan			Bora; see also Achagua, Cubeo/Wanano									See Language page
Mutsun	Lepidoptera	mumul:al:uk, siul:il:uk		butterfly (Merriam has she'-o-lo'-lok' Merriam 55:419)	unique								reduplicated				Mason 1916:427; Mason 1916:428		2		0		0				0	0			no
Nadëb/Roçado dialect	order Lepidoptera		ratatu tuw, totodn		unique												See Language page
Napo Lowland Quichua	order Lepidoptera	pimpilitu	pimpilitu														See Language page
Ngandi	Lepidoptera	missing			missing								missing						0		0		0				0	0			no
Ngarinyin	Lepidoptera	wunol	wunol		unknown		proto-Worrorran						uncoded						0		0		0				0	0			no
Ngumbarl	Lepidoptera	binda binda	binda binda		inheritance								reduplicated						0		0		0				0	0			no
Nheengatu	order Lepidoptera	panapana	panapana		inheritance		Proto-Tupi-Guarani		Reconstructed PTG Mello 2000				Reduplicated				See Language page		0		0		0				0	0			no
Ninam	order Lepidoptera	arasi (gom)	aɾasi (gom)		unique								uncoded				See Language page		0		0		0				0	0			no
Nisenan	Lepidoptera	ko-wah'-wah		butterfly	unique								reduplicated				Merriam 57:243		2		0		0				0	0			no
Nivaclé	order Lepidoptera		wosok														See Language page
Northern Emberá	order Lepidoptera	bagábaga	bagábaga														See Language page
Northern Paiute	Lepidoptera	soo-ap'-pah “spirit or ghost” (WL); tsoapu (Y)		Butterfly	semantic shift	*so'aC	Numic		usually it's “moth” words that are the “ghost/spirit” word; Stubbs 2064 (2008:285), W. and Central Numic only			broader (butterfly, ghost)	other complex	has -pɨ ABS			Merriam 61:149		2		0		0				0	0			no
Northern Sierra Miwok	Lepidoptera	hol:ok:iTiw:a-		butterfly	inheritance		Sierra Miwokan only		Also in Mics; holo part shared with Mip				phrase	parts unanalyzable			Callaghan 1987		2		0		0				0	0			no
Nyangumarta	Lepidoptera	kapalupalu	kapalupalu		unique								reduplicated	partial					0		0		0				0	0			no
Nyikina	Lepidoptera	bindabinda	bindabinda		inheritance								reduplicated						0		0		0				0	0			no
Nyulnyul	Lepidoptera	bendebend	bendebend		inheritance								reduplicated						0		0		0				0	0			no
Ocaina	order Lepidoptera	juvááuxo	hɯvááɯxo		unknown												See Language page
Pakanh	Lepidoptera	missing	missing		missing														0		0		0				0	0			no
Paraguayan Guaraní	order Lepidoptera		panaᵐbi														See Language page
Paresi	order Lepidoptera	meheˈre	meheˈre		inheritance												See Language page
Pemon	order Lepidoptera	wakau (A1981)	wakau (A1981)		unknown		Akawaio, Pemon	shared Akawaio									See Language page		0		0		0				0	0			no
Piapoco	order Lepidoptera	máadáwi, káawi (R01)	má:dáwi, káawi (R01)														See Language page
Piaroa	order Lepidoptera	herépE'	herépæɁ		unknown												See Language page
Pilagá	order Lepidoptera		pe'tooloʁol														See Language page
Plains Miwok	Lepidoptera	holo:pitin:a:je-		butterfly	unique				Only holo shared with Mis				phrase	holo:-pitin -a:je; first two elements of uncertain meaning			Callaghan 1984		2		0		0				0	0			no
Puinave	order Lepidoptera	habi	habi		unique												See Language page
Pumé	order Lepidoptera	pʰõpʰã															See Language page
Páez	order Lepidoptera	smejme															See Language page
Qawasqar	order Lepidoptera		c̷eḳelstaḳʰo														See Language page															Also yewelpaks. Bo records yarklatopa for Central QWS. Fi, Hy record kyekyewol; Hy records pekyol for south QWS.
Quechua Ayacuchano	order Lepidoptera	pillpintu	piʎpintu														See Language page
Rembarrnga	Lepidoptera	missing			missing								missing						0		0		0				0	0			no
Ritharrngu	Lepidoptera	missing			missing								missing						0		0		0				0	0			no
Salinan A	Lepidoptera	sko:kó7		butterfly	unique		Salinan						other complex	s- animal prefix			Mason 1918:124; Turner 1980:70		2		0		0				0	0			no
Salinan M	Lepidoptera	sokóko		butterfly	unique		Salinan						reduplicated				Mason 1918:124		2		0		0				0	0			no
Sanapaná/Dialect Angaité	order Lepidoptera		si-lik-lik														See Language page
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet	order Lepidoptera		seleklek														See Language page
Secoya	order Lepidoptera	mumu	mumu														See Language page
Selknam	order Lepidoptera		k-hòlèlʔ; te èṣ														See Language page
Seri (Comcaac)	Lepidoptera	seenel		butterfly	unique							same	underived				Comcaac Dictionary 556		2		0		0				0	0			no
Serrano	Lepidoptera	lalava-T		butterfly	unique								other complex	-t NPN			KCHill ms 2001:27		2		0		0				0	0			no
Shipibo-Konibo	order Lepidoptera		pɨ̃pɨ̃														See Language page
Sikuani	order Lepidoptera	koko (generic), madudu (2), materi (2), matsaleri (3), alibosoli (2), jaranasisi (25),	koko, madudu (2)		inheritance; loan, direction unknown			Makiritare	also jaranasisi (25), koko (generic), madudu (2), materi (2), matsaleri (3)				uncoded				See Language page		0		0		0				0	0			no
Siona	order Lepidoptera	mumuro, paura	mumuro, paura		inheritance												See Language page
Siriano	order Lepidoptera	poogoró	poogoɾó														See Language page
Sirionó	order Lepidoptera	anã; ana musu	anã; ana musu		inheritance												See Language page
Southern Paiute	Lepidoptera	aɨcɨvɨtsI		Butterfly	inheritance	*asipu-	Proto-Numic		Stubbs 326 (2008:85) Central and Southern Numic only			same	other complex	has -tsi ABS			Sapir 1930:546		2		0		0				0	0			no
Southern Pastaza Quechua	order Lepidoptera	maripusa (Spanish loan)	maɾipusa														See Language page
Southern Sierra Miwok	Lepidoptera	walap:u-		butterfly	inheritance		Sierra Miwokan only		Note W. Mono wa'napusa', Chukchansi wal-lup-soo, in Mics as “moth”				underived				Broadbent 1964:		2		0		0				0	0			no
Southern Ute	Lepidoptera	náa?naasi-cI		butterfly	unique							same	other complex	has -ci ABS			Givon 1979		2		0		0				0	0			no
Suyá	order Lepidoptera	wewe, veve	wewe, veve														See Language page
Sáliva	order Lepidoptera	rohrota	roʔrota		unknown												See Language page
Tacana	order Lepidoptera		sababa														See Language page
Tanimuca	order Lepidoptera	tĩrã 'ka	tĩrã 'ka		unique												See Language page
Tehuelche	order Lepidoptera		'čeʔlelon														See Language page
Tikuna	order Lepidoptera	dorí (Alv44)	dorí		unique												See Language page
Tjaapukay	Lepidoptera	walbirrwalbirr	walpirrwalpirr	butterfly	unique				Resembles /walpul/ forms common to GYim and KYal				reduplicated						0		0		0				0	0			no
Toba	order Lepidoptera		toʁotoḳ														See Language page
Trumai	order Lepidoptera	tumu tumu	tumu tumu														See Language page
Tukano	order Lepidoptera	momôro	momôro		inheritance		Proto-Tukanoan						uncoded				See Language page		0		0		0				0	0			no
Tübatulabal	Lepidoptera	chikkōlolont	ʧiko:loˈlont	butterfly	unique				note S885 *sɨkwoti “fly”-- certainly resemblant, although not cognate			same	other complex	ʧiko:loˈlon-t butterfly (root probably has derivation)			Hill 2010:16	no info	2		0	Voegelin 1938:12	no info	N/A	N/A	N/A	0	0	global	Diverse habitats	no
Tümpisa Shoshone	Lepidoptera	aasiputungkwi		butterfly, moth	inheritance	*asipu(tonki)	Proto-Numic		Stubbs 326 (2008:85) Central and Southern Numic only			same	underived	MUST be complex but no clue from Dayley			Dayley 1989:2		2		0		0				0	0			no
Uw-Olkol	Lepidoptera	imilam; ug-	ug-imilam	butterfly	unique								underived						0		0		0				0	0			no
Uw-Oykangand	Lepidoptera	ilam ijijag; uk-	uk-ilam-ijijag	butterfly	unique								compound						0		0		0				0	0			no
Wai Wai	order Lepidoptera	tama-tama	tama-tama		unique												See Language page
Waimiri Atroari	order Lepidoptera	peepe	peːpe														See Language page
Walmajarri	Lepidoptera	pirrpirntipirnti	pirrpirntipirnti		unique								reduplicated						0		0		0				0	0			no
Waorani	order Lepidoptera	tegãtai			unique								uncoded				See Language page		0		0		0				0	0			no
Wapishana	order Lepidoptera	mapʰapʰaru	mapʰapʰaru		inheritance												See Language page		0		0		0				0	0			no
Wappo	Lepidoptera	c'ilakhápe		butterfly (Merriam confirms 52:579)	unique								phrase	elements unknown			Sawyer 1965		2		0		0				0	0			no
Wardaman	Lepidoptera	merlemerlem	merlemerlem		unknown				source of malimali forms or loan from them?	WW	%malimali		uncoded						0		0		0				0	0			no
Wari	order Lepidoptera	terereʔ (Sousa2009)	terereʔ (Sousa2009)														See Language page
Warlpiri	Lepidoptera		pintapinta		unique				synonym yirntilyapilyapi probably a loan from Arandic				underived						0		0		0				0	0			no
Washo	Lepidoptera	pa7ló7lo		butterfly	unique								reduplicated				Merriam 55:313; WPD		2		0		0				0	0			no
Waurá	order Lepidoptera	mapapalu	mapapalu		inheritance												See Language page
Wayampi	order Lepidoptera	panã	panã		inheritance												See Language page
Wayana	order Lepidoptera	pijalo	pijalo		unique												See Language page
Wayuu	order Lepidoptera		huľir̃ɨ														See Language page
Western Mono	Lepidoptera	wa'napusa'		butterfly	loan			Yokuts	Chukchansi wal-lup'-soo, wal-lap'-soo; Wikchamni wal-wal (Merriam)			same	underived				Bethel et al.:280	no info	2		0		no info	no info	N/A	no info	0	0			no
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay	order Lepidoptera		čukuk														See Language page
Wik Ngathan	Lepidoptera	kalpekalpay	kalpvkalpay	butterfly, moth	calque								reduplicated	> kalpay 'magpie goose'; cf. YYoront lorr-minh-ngorro 'dark-coloured butterflies & moths'					0		0		0				0	0			no
Wintu	Lepidoptera	saysayboloq		butterfly	inheritance	*bolVq	Wintun		Shepherd 2005				phrase	say “light, lamp”; saysay “glitter”; boloq “fragile, soft, delicate”			Pitkin 1985		2		0		0				0	0			no
Wunambal	Lepidoptera	ngulwana	ngulwana		unknown		proto-Worrorran	Ngarinyin?	(metathesis?)				underived						0		0		0				0	0			no
Yabarana	order Lepidoptera		tçiwipihpa														See Language page
Yagua	order Lepidoptera	cuyotu	kujõtu		unique												See Language page
Yaminahua	order Lepidoptera		kaβaβɨna [kawaβɨda]														See Language page
Yan-nhangu	Lepidoptera	missing			missing								missing						0		0		0				0	0			no
Yanomami	order Lepidoptera	uwãuwãmɨ	uwãuwãmɨ		unique								underived				See Language page		0		0		0				0	0			no
Yavapai	Lepidoptera	hàɲkrâ·pa		butterfly	unique								unknown				Shaterian 1983		2		0		0				0	0			no
Yavitero	order Lepidoptera	kahuľi	kahuľi														See Language page
Yawuru	Lepidoptera	bindabinda XXgl also butterfly shell	bindabinda XXgl also butterfly shell		inheritance								reduplicated						0		0		0				0	0			no
Yidiny	Lepidoptera	guban ( TC) & gungga:mbur (TC; <gunggambur>)	guban ( TC) & gungga:mbur (TC; <gunggambur>)		unique								underived						0		0		0				0	0			no
Yine	order Lepidoptera		katato														See Language page
Yir-Yoront	Lepidoptera	minh-ngorro; lorr- & themrr; lorr-	lorr-minh-ngorro & lorr-themrr		calque				Other local languages name all or some butterflies as magpie goose; themrr is unique				compound	The specific term minh-ngorro 'magpie goose' is itself a genus-species compound; themrr 'sulphur-crested cockatoo' is simplex					0		0		0				0	0			no
Yokuts Palewyami	Lepidoptera	waw'-ki'-kitch		butterfly	loan			Yowlumne Yokuts	only Yawel wo:gay'gitc is resemblant (may be the same word, see Berman notes)			same	other complex	has -itch/-its suffix, probably agentive			Merriam 58:531		2		0		0				0	0			no
Yokuts Yawdanchi	Lepidoptera	laulau		butterfly	unique				Wik is walwal -- otherwise, unique in Kroeber			same	reduplicated				Kroeber 1961:207)		2		0		0				0	0			no
Yokuts Yowlumne	Lepidoptera	wò/gaigitc, wo:gay'gic		butterfly	unique		Southern Valley Yokuts		Kroeber has in Nutunutu, Chunut, Tachi, Wo'lasi, Choynuk, Yowlumne			same	other complex	has -ic' agentive			Kroeber 1961:206		2		0		0				0	0			no
Yuhup	order Lepidoptera	bebep, totóh	bebep, totóh		unique		Hup-Yuhup						reduplicated				See Language page		0		0		0				0	0			no
Yuki	Lepidoptera	p'al-p'ol-i K		butterfly	inheritance	pal-, palpol ?	Yukian		Schlichter 1985				reduplicated	-i is noun suffix			Sawyer & Schlichter 1984		2		0		0				0	0			no
Yukpa	order Lepidoptera	kanashwe (SM)	kanashwe (SM)														See Language page															Phon only in source
Yukuna	order Lepidoptera	kaijmeru	kaihmeɾu		unique								uncoded				See Language page		0		0		0				0	0			no
Yuma	Lepidoptera	xan7a.vlye/p		Butterfly	unique				resemblant Mojave hunapnap				unknown				Merriam 61:465, Halpern 3:208		2		0		0				0	0			no
Záparo	order Lepidoptera	amanakaw [loan Kokama]	amanakaw														See Language page


Achagua
Aché
Aguaruna
Akawaio
Andoke
Apalai
Araona
Ashuar
Ayoreo
Baniwa
Bankalachi Toloim
Bardi
Bare
Barí
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone
Bora
Bunuba
Burarra
Cahuilla
Candoshi-Shapra
Canela
Cavineña
Central Aymara
Central Sierra Miwok
Cha'palaa
Chemehuevi
Chipaya
Chiriguano
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja
Chumash Barbareno
Chumash Ineseno
Chumash Obispeno
Chumash Ventureno
Chácobo
Cocopa
Cofán
Comanche
Cubeo
Cupeño
Desano
Dhangu
Dhay’yi
Dhuwal
Djeoromitxi
Djinang
Dâw
Epena
Ese Ejja
Ese Ejja/Huarayo
Esselen
Eñepa
Gabrielino
Gooniyandi
Gumatj
Gupapuyngu
Gurindji
Guugu Yimidhirr
Hodï
Huambisa
Hup
Ignaciano
Iipay 'Aa
Iquito
Itonama
Jaru
Jingulu
Kabiyari
Kaingang
Kakataibo
Kakua
Kanamarí
Karajarri
Karajá
Kariña
Karitiana
Katukina
Kawaiisu
Kija
Kiliwa
Kitanemuk
Kokama
Koko-Bera
Koreguaje
Kotiria
Kuku-Thaypan
Kuku-Yalanji
Kurtjar
Kuuk Thaayorre
Kwazá
Lake Miwok
Lengua
Lokono
Luiseño
Maca
Macaguan
Maidu
Maihiki
Makiritare
Makuna
Makushi
Mapudungun
Matses
Mbabaram
Miriwung
Mocoví
Mojave
Mosetén-Chimané
Movima
Muinane
Murui Witoto
Mutsun
Nadëb/Roçado dialect
Napo Lowland Quichua
Ngandi
Ngarinyin
Ngumbarl
Nheengatu
Ninam
Nisenan
Nivaclé
Northern Emberá
Northern Paiute
Northern Sierra Miwok
Nyangumarta
Nyikina
Nyulnyul
Ocaina
Pakanh
Paraguayan Guaraní
Paresi
Pemon
Piapoco
Piaroa
Pilagá
Plains Miwok
Puinave
Pumé
Páez
Qawasqar
Quechua Ayacuchano
Rembarrnga
Ritharrngu
Salinan A
Salinan M
Sanapaná/Dialect Angaité
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet
Secoya
Selknam
Seri (Comcaac)
Serrano
Shipibo-Konibo
Sikuani
Siona
Siriano
Sirionó
Southern Paiute
Southern Pastaza Quechua
Southern Sierra Miwok
Southern Ute
Suyá
Sáliva
Tacana
Tanimuca
Tehuelche
Tikuna
Tjaapukay
Toba
Trumai
Tukano
Tübatulabal
Tümpisa Shoshone
Uw-Olkol
Uw-Oykangand
Wai Wai
Waimiri Atroari
Walmajarri
Waorani
Wapishana
Wappo
Wardaman
Wari
Warlpiri
Washo
Waurá
Wayampi
Wayana
Wayuu
Western Mono
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay
Wik Ngathan
Wintu
Wunambal
Yabarana
Yagua
Yaminahua
Yan-nhangu
Yanomami
Yavapai
Yavitero
Yawuru
Yidiny
Yine
Yir-Yoront
Yokuts Palewyami
Yokuts Yawdanchi
Yokuts Yowlumne
Yuhup
Yuki
Yukpa
Yukuna
Yuma
Záparo

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