Kuku-Yalanji

Family
Pama-Nyungan
Region
Australia
ISO 639-3
gvn
Location
-16.10°, 145.21°
Notes
Features
Flora Fauna Vocabulary
Ethnographic Information
Data Sources
none


Flora Fauna Vocabulary (129)
English Spanish Portuguese Semantic Field Part of Speech Linnean Name Orthographic Form Phonemicized Form Gloss as in Source Etymology Code Proto-Form Proto-Language Loan Source Etymology Notes Wanderwort Status Etyma Set Range of Term Word Structure Word Structure Notes Classifier Classifier Notes Hypernym Source Association with Social Categories Ritual/Mythologically Significant Ritual Notes Food Source Food Notes Medicinal Medicinal Notes How Collected Who Collects How Prepared Psychotropic Psychotropic Notes Traded Trade Notes Distribution Habitat Dangerous Ethnobiology Notes Species Notes General Notes
agile wallaby, river wallaby flora-fauna Macropus agilis darrba & kadar darrba & kadar unique underived 0 1 0 0 0 no
ant (generic) hormiga formiga flora-fauna Formicidae kira-kira & jabarrangkul & kawa & muyu-muyu kira-kira & jabarrangkul & kawa & muyu-muyu loan *kiira local Guugu Yimidhirr To GYim /giira/ 'ant (generic)' reduplicated 0 0 0 0 0 no
Australian pelican flora-fauna Pelecanus conspicillatus bulwarra bulwarra unique See note to 'spoonbill' below. compound 0 0 0 0 0 no
Australian snubfin dolphin flora-fauna Orcaella heinsohnii biwuy biwuy unique underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
baler shell flora-fauna Melo amphora warkal warkal unique underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
bandicoot flora-fauna Peramelemorphia missing missing 0 0 0 0 0
barn owl flora-fauna Tyto alba yiki & kalkuy & julurr-julurr yiki & kalkuy & julurr-julurr unique underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
barramundi flora-fauna Lates calcarifer kudi & murrabal kudi & murrabal unique /murrabal/ is Nyungkul dialect, not KYal, but is cognate w GYim /murrabal/ underived 1 1 0 0 0 no
bat murciélago morcego flora-fauna Chiroptera spp mali & jibul mali & jibul inheritance *mali pPaman Possibly, w semantic shifts, a PNy distribution underived 0 1 0 0 0 no
bindii, caltrop flora-fauna Tribulus terrestris missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
bird pajaro, ave passaro flora-fauna dikal jiway semantic shift *tikal Local To GYim /digal/ 'bird sp whose call signals movement of people in scrub' underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
black-breasted buzzard flora-fauna Hamirostra melanosternon missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
black-faced cuckoo-shrike flora-fauna Coracina novaehollandiae missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
black-headed python flora-fauna Aspidites melanocephalus missing missing missing 0 2 0 0 0 no
black-soil yam flora-fauna Ipomoea diamantinensis missing missing missing 0 1 0 0 0 no
bloodwood flora-fauna Eucalyptus (Corymbia) bleeseri babajaka & kawarr & kuji-kuji babajaka & kawarr & kuji-kuji loan direction unknown *papacaka local Guugu Yimidhirr To KYim /babatha/ underived ? 0 1 1 0 0 no
blowfly maggots flora-fauna Diptera, Sarcophagidae kandal kandal unique underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
blue-tongue lizard flora-fauna Tiliqua species bajabaja bajabaja loan direction unknown *pacapaca local To Tjaapukay /badjabadja/ reduplicated 0 1 0 0 0 no
blue-winged kookaburra flora-fauna Dacelo leachii wakuka & kururrungka wakuka & kururrungka unique underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
bluebone flora-fauna Choerodon cyanodus missing missing missing 0 1 0 0 0 no
brolga flora-fauna Grus rubicunda kurrbal kurrbal inheritance *kurrpal Local To GYim and Flinders Island; poss. wider distribution. The /kurr/ part occurrs in a widespread reduplicative pattern imitative if the call. underived 1 0 0 0 0 no
brown goshawk flora-fauna Accipiter fasciatus jinabiju jinabiju inheritance *picu local Second half to Tjaapukay /bidju(+)y/ 'fish hawk' and Yidiny /bijuu/, pYTj *picu+ compound /jina/ poss. < *cina ('foot'); /biju/ is cognate with part of Tjaapukay /bidjuy/ 'fish hawk' 0 0 0 0 0 no
brush-tailed possum flora-fauna Trichosurus vulpecula yawa yawa unique underived 0 1 0 0 0 no
bush cockroach flora-fauna (many species) missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
bush stone-curlew flora-fauna Burhinus grallarius kuyir kuyir loan From GYim /guyiir/? or vice versa? underived 1 0 0 0 0 no
bush tobacco flora-fauna Lobelia quadrangularis jika-birra jika-birra unique compound /jika/ (food which when cooked is squishy, not hard'???) + /birra/ 'leaf' 0 0 0 1 0 no
bush turkey, Australian bustard flora-fauna Ardeotis australis jarruka jarruka semantic shift underived 0 1 0 0 0 no
bush yam flora-fauna Vigna lanceolata var. lanceolata missing missing missing 0 1 2 0 1 no
butterfly, moth mariposa borboleta flora-fauna Lepidoptera walbul-walbul walbul-walbul loan direction unknown *walbulV local Guugu Yimidhirr To GYim /walbuulbul/; poss loan, source not determined reduplicated 0 0 0 0 0 no
carpet snake flora-fauna Morelia spilota missing missing 0 1 0 0 0
caterpillar flora-fauna Lepidoptera kinga & durra kinga & durra unique underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
catfish flora-fauna (many species) kanyaji (Nyungkul) ~ julaji (Yalanji) & walarrji & kijukum kanyaji (Nyungkul) ~ julaji (Yalanji) & walarrji & kijukum unique underived kanyali, julaji, and kijukum are simplex; walarrji is walarr 'whiskers, beard' + ji 'having' and is apparently generic for FW catfish 0 1 0 0 0 no
centipede ciempiés centopéia flora-fauna Chilopoda, Myriapoda birinjil birinjil unique underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
channel-billed cuckoo flora-fauna Scythops novaehollandiae missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
crested pigeon flora-fauna Ocyphaps lophotes bakamu & kujuway & munungkul bakamu & kujuway & munungkul inheritance *pakamu local To pYTj *pakam; correspondence problematic underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
darter/cormorant flora-fauna Anhinga melanogaster, Phalacrocorax species buruku & kalmbangarr buruku & kalmbangarr semantic shift *puruku local To Yidiny /buru:gu/ 'black duck and Tjaap /buru:/ 'whistle duck' underived 0 1 0 0 0 no
death adder, five-minute snake flora-fauna Acanthophis praelongus kundurr kundurr unique underived 0 0 0 0 0 yes
dingo flora-fauna Canis familiaris dingo murramu ~ ngamu-murramu murramu ~ ngamu-murramu unique /ngamu/ poss. a loan-semantic shift; see Word Structure Note. underived /ngamu-murramu/: /ngamu/ 'mother', but also (in GYim) 'plenty, much' and an honrific for old men. 0 0 0 0 0 no
dog (camp, domestic) perro cachorro flora-fauna Canis familiaris kaya kaya inheritance *kaya Local KYal to Yiningayi; identical forms in Dyirbal and Martuthunira sre kin terms (a plausible semantic shift) underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
duck pato pato, marreco flora-fauna Anatidae nili-nili nili-nili unique reduplicated 0 1 0 0 0 no
dugong flora-fauna Dugon dugong kirbaji kirbaji unique GYim /girrbathi/ is probably a loan from this underived 1 1 0 0 0 no
earthworm flora-fauna Annelida, Oligochaeta nganjamu & durra nganjamu & durra unique underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
emu flora-fauna Dromaius novaehollandiae korundi korundi unique underived 2 1 2 0 0 no
fish (generic) pez peixe flora-fauna kuyu kuyu inheritance *kuyu pPama-Nyungan Reflexes in some languages suggest *kuya. underived 0 1 0 0 0 N/A
flower flora-fauna (NA) nganka nganka loan direction unknown *nganka pGYim-KYal To GYim /ngan-ga/ 'flower, feather' underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
blowfly/housefly mosca mosca flora-fauna Diptera burul-burul burul-burul unique Resembles Tjaapukay /barabara/. reduplicated 0 0 0 0 0 no
flying-fox (generic) flora-fauna (many species) kambi kambi inheritance *kaampi Local underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
freshwater crocodile flora-fauna Crocodylus johnstoni ngawurr-ngawun ngawurr-ngawun unique reduplicated ? 0 0 0 0 0 no
freshwater mussel flora-fauna Velesunio wilsoni mukirr mukirr unique underived 0 1 0 0 0 no
freshwater prawn flora-fauna Macrobrachium rosenbergii wukuju & wakal wukuju & wakal unique /wukuju/ is unique; /wakal/ < pPNy *wakal underived 0 1 0 0 0 no
frill-necked lizard flora-fauna Chlamydosaurus kingii binanjal binanjal loan direction unknown *pinañcal local To Tjaapukay /binandjal/ derived With *bina 'ear' (in KYal otherwise surviving only in the verb binal 'to know'); see the Tjaapukay cognate. 0 1 0 0 0 no
frog (generic) flora-fauna (many species) yirku-yirku & karrkurr & yuday yirku-yirku & karrkurr & yuday unique yirku-yirku & yuday are unique, but karrkurr 'green frog' is cognate with GYim garrgurr 'sand frog' reduplicated 0 0 0 0 0 no
galah flora-fauna Eolophus roseicapilla missing missing 0 0 0 0 0
turtle (generic) flora-fauna (many species) missing missing missing 0 1 0 0 0 no
ghost gum flora-fauna Eucalyptus papuana (Corymbia bella) kayjurr kayjurr unique underived 2 0 1 0 0 no
goanna (generic) or sand goanna flora-fauna Varanus spp jadi & wangku & walkarr & bulbuji & kalajarr jadi & wangku & walkarr & bulbuji & kalajarr unique underived 0 1 2 0 0 no
grass hierba, pasto capim, grama flora-fauna (NA) karrara karrara unique underived /jumul-jumul/ 'grass seed' poss. defines a 'grass' class. 0 0 0 0 0 no
grasshopper flora-fauna Orthoptera jimu & yiljun jimu & yiljun unique /yiljun/ is cognate w GYim /yiijin/. underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
great bowerbird flora-fauna Chlamydera nuchalis bajal & jurriyan bajal & jurriyan unique underived 1 0 0 0 0 no
green ant flora-fauna Oecophylla smaragdina buyil-buyil buyil-buyil unknown reduplicated 0 2 2 0 0 no
green sea turtle flora-fauna Chelonia mydas ngawiya & yalnga ngawiya & yalnga unique *ngawiya To GYim /ngawiya/ ~ /ngawuya/ 'green-backed sea turtle', which is a probable loan from this underived 1 1 0 0 0 no
green tree snake flora-fauna Dendrelaphis punctulata kalkamuku kalkamuku unique compound No analysis given in source, but /kalka/ 'spear', /muku/ 'back' 0 2 0 0 0 no
head/body lice flora-fauna Pediculus capitis, Pediculus humanus bungun bungun unique underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
horse caballo cavalho flora-fauna Equus caballus yarraman yarraman loan WW %yarraman underived languages to the south 0 0 0 0 0 no
hummingbird colibrí, picaflor (Peru) beija-flor flora-fauna Trochilidae binjurrbinjurr binjurrbinjurr honeyeater unique underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
humpback whale flora-fauna Megaptera novaeangliae yalmburrajaka yalmburrajaka loan direction unknown *yalmpu+ Local To GYim /yalmbunyja/ derived Etymologicalically yalmbu + rrajaka 1 1 0 0 0 no
insect (generic) insecto insecto flora-fauna generic missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
jabiru flora-fauna Ephippiorhynchus asiaticus missing missing 0 0 0 0 0
jungle-fowl (scrub-fowl) flora-fauna Megapodius freycinet jarruka & diwan jarruka & diwan inheritance *carruka(n) Local To Tjaapukay and Yidiny; resembles *currkan. underived 0 1 0 0 0 no
kangaroo (generic) flora-fauna Macropodidae julmbanu julmbanu unique *culmpanu GYim /thulmbanu/ is a loan from this underived 2 1 0 0 0 no
land snail flora-fauna Gastropoda kaduy & balungkul & karraway kaduy & balungkul & karraway unique underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
magpie goose flora-fauna Anseranas semipalmata missing missing missing 0 1 0 0 0 no
military dragon flora-fauna Ctenophorus isolepis, Diporiphora spp., Lophognathus spp. missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
mosquito mosquito, zancudo mosquito, carapana flora-fauna Anopheles spp, Isoptera kumu kumu unique underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
mud wasp, hornet flora-fauna (many species) wawurr-wawurr wawurr-wawurr unique reduplicated 0 0 0 0 0 no
native bee flora-fauna (many species) walarr & nakawarra & mawal & kuja & kalburiji walarr & nakawarra & mawal & kuja & kalburiji loan direction unknown *walarr local To GYim /walarr/ 'yellow bee sp and its honet' underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
native cat flora-fauna Dasyurus waykal ~ jungarr waykal ~ jungarr unique underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
northern brown bandicoot flora-fauna Isoodon macrourus kulngu & ngumbi kulngu & ngumbi unique underived 0 1 0 0 0 no
northern kurrajong flora-fauna Brachychiton diversifolius missing missing missing 0 1 no? 0 0 no
nut tree flora-fauna Terminalia grandifolia jalnji jalnji unique underived 0 1 0 0 0 no
octopus flora-fauna Octopus australis kurrija kurrija loan *kurrica pGYim-KYal Guugu Yimidhirr Source of GYim gurri(i)tha underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
pandanus palm flora-fauna Pandanus spiralis jajikal jajikal unique underived 1 1 0 0 1 no
paperbark flora-fauna Melaleuca sericea, Melaleuca stenostachya buyku buyku inheritance *puyku pPama-Nyungan pPNy *yk continues as /c/ in most languages. underived 0 0 1 0 0 no
peaceful dove flora-fauna Geopelia placida jukujuku & munwingkul [almost certainly /munungkul/ = ground pigeon] & mulumu jukujuku & munwingkul [almost certainly /munungkul/ = ground pigeon] & mulumu inheritance *cukucuku Local To GYim thuguthugu 'brown dove'; borrowing cannot be ruled out reduplicated 0 0 0 0 0 no
pearlshell flora-fauna Pinctada spp missing missing missing 1 1 0 0 1 no
peewee flora-fauna Gryllina cyanoleuca bayil-bayil bayil-bayil unique underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
pied butcherbird flora-fauna Cracticus nigrogularis kurkunbay kurkunbay unique underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
pike eel flora-fauna Muraenesox arabicus mawul & yaba & dandarrbina & kubarr mawul & yaba & dandarrbina & kubarr unique underived 0 1 0 0 0 no
praying mantis, stick insects mantis religiosa louva-a-deus flora-fauna Mantodea missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
prickle bush flora-fauna Sclerolaena bicornis missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
quail (generic) flora-fauna Coturnix species, Turnix species missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
red river gum flora-fauna Eucalyptus camaldulensis missing missing missing 2 0 1 0 1 no
red-tailed black-cockatoo flora-fauna Calyptorhynchus banksi kadanji kadanji unique Resembles pPaman *karana reflexes: poss "d" written for [rd] /r/? underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
riflefish, archerfish flora-fauna Toxotes chatareus mujarrka mujarrka unique Nyungkul dialect has /dalku/. underived 0 1 0 0 0 no
river mangrove flora-fauna Aegicera corniculatum missing missing missing 0 0 2 0 1 no
rock fig flora-fauna Ficus brachypoda ngurrku & yinkunji & jarrangkal & jilanji ngurrku & yinkunji & jarrangkal & jilanji unique underived 0 1 0 0 0 no
sacred kingfisher flora-fauna Todiramphus sancta milman & yindili & dabuy milman & yindili & dabuy unique underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
saltwater crocodile flora-fauna Crocodylus porosus bilngkumu bilngkumu unique underived 2 2 0 0 0 yes
saltwater mussel flora-fauna Mytilidae mukirr mukirr unique underived 0 1 0 0 0 no
sawfish flora-fauna Pristis pectinata yubuji yubuji unique *yupa/uci Local Source of GYim yupathi 'sawfish' underived 1 0 0 0 0 yes
scorpion escorpión; alacran escorpião flora-fauna Arachnida, Scorpiones munukurru ~ munudumbun munukurru ~ munudumbun unique compound /munu/ (not defined); /kurru-kurru/ 'crooked, wrong'; /dumbun/ not defined 0 0 0 0 0 no
shark (generic) flora-fauna Selachimorpha yaburr & bilmbin yaburr & bilmbin unique underived 0 0 0 0 0 variable
shell (generic) flora-fauna bungun bungun unique underived 0 1 0 0 1 no
short-beaked echidna flora-fauna Tachyglossus aculeatus ngangkin ngangkin unique underived 0 2 0 0 0 no
snake (generic) culebra, serpiente cobra flora-fauna jarba jarba loan Guugu Yimidhirr To GYim /thaarba/ 'snake'; judged a loan from GYim because of loss of vowel length distinction. underived 0 1 0 0 0 N/A
snappy gum flora-fauna Eucalyptus brevifolia missing missing missing 0 0 1 0 0 no
spider araña aranha flora-fauna Arachnida, Araneae malal malal inheritance *mala+ local To Tjaapukay /malara/ 'spiderweb'; phonological history probematic underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
spinifex flora-fauna Triodia species missing missing missing 0 0 2 0 0 no
spoonbills (yellow-billed spoonbill, black-billed spoonbill) flora-fauna Platalea flavipes, Platalea regia bilu-warra bilu-warra loan Guugu Yimidhirr Gyim /bilu+warra/ 'pelican'; biluwarra has no analysis in KYal; KYal 'spoonbill' is likely a mistranslation. underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
stingray (generic) rayas látigo, raya arraia flora-fauna Dasyatidae yawu yawu inheritance *yawu Local To GYim yawu 'small shark sp' and perhaps more widely (CYP E & W) to stingray terms in *ya(:)wa(ra) underived 0 1 0 0 0 variable
stripe-faced dunnart flora-fauna Sminthopsis macroura missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
sugarbag wax flora-fauna nyumbirr nyumbirr inheritance *ñuumbirr local Poss. loan from GYim into KYal underived 1 1 0 0 0 no
sulphur-crested cockatoo flora-fauna Cacatua galerita birmba birmba unique underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
swamp eel flora-fauna Ophisternon gutturale mawul & yaba & dandarrbina & kubarr mawul & yaba & dandarrbina & kubarr unique underived 0 1 0 0 0 no
swamp leech flora-fauna Annelida, Hirudinea nyumbil nyumbil unique underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
tawny frogmouth flora-fauna Podargus strigoides bulnja bulnja inheritance *pulñca pPaman Variant *pulñci in west. underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
termite mounds, ant hills flora-fauna Isoptera jawurraji & kabay jawurraji & kabay unique /kapay/ < local *kapay, to Tjaapukay /gabay/ 'antbed' underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
termites, white-ants comején (Peru), termitas cupim flora-fauna (many species) missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
ti-tree flora-fauna Melaleuca bracteata bijin & marngkil & marrabal & wanjakan bijin & marngkil & marrabal & wanjakan unique underived 0 0 1 0 0 no
tick garrapata carrapato flora-fauna Arachnida, Acarina missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
tiger shark flora-fauna Galeocerdo cuvier kilkirr kilkirr unique underived 0 0 0 0 0 yes
torresian crow flora-fauna Corvus orru waja & kalbu waja & kalbu inheritance *waaca pNortheast From Cape York to Wangkumarra; Dyirbal etc. underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
tree árbol arvore flora-fauna (NA) juku juku inheritance *yuku pPaman Poss. pPama-Nyungan. Development of initial *y > /j/ problematic but also in Yidiny. underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
waterlily flora-fauna Nymphaea macrosperma kababina kababina unique compound /kaba/ 'rain' + *bina (ear)??? 0 1 2 0 0 no
wattle flora-fauna Acacia difficilis yarun & yalngkal & yumba yarun & yalngkal & yumba loan Guugu Yimidhirr KYim /yaarunh/ 'wattle sp'; presumed as source because of KYal loss of length and /n/ < /nh/ underived 0 0 1 0 1 no
wedge-tailed eagle flora-fauna Aquila audax yalngkurr yalngkurr unique underived 1 0 0 0 0 no
willie wagtail flora-fauna Rhipidura leucophrys dijarr-dijin dijarr-dijin inheritance *cicarr+ pPaman compound ? 1 0 0 0 0 no
witchetty grub flora-fauna (many species) mujurr mujurr loan direction unknown *mucurr pGYim-KYal To GYim muthurr underived 0 1 2 0 0 no
woma flora-fauna Aspidites ramsayii missing missing missing 0 1 0 0 0 no


Ethnographic Information
Current Population (speakers) Former Population Estimate Subsistence Preference Density Sedentism Ecotome Marriage Pattern Notes Source
large HG medium mobile