Wik Ngathan

Family
Pama-Nyungan
Region
Australia
ISO 639-3
wik
Location
0.00°, 0.00°
Notes
Features
Flora Fauna Vocabulary
Ethnographic Information
Data Sources
none


Flora Fauna Vocabulary (130)
English Spanish Portuguese Semantic Field Part of Speech Linnean Name Orthographic Form Phonemicized Form Gloss as in Source Etymology Code Proto-Form Proto-Language Loan Source Etymology Notes Wanderwort Status Etyma Set Range of Term Word Structure Word Structure Notes Classifier Classifier Notes Hypernym Source Association with Social Categories Ritual/Mythologically Significant Ritual Notes Food Source Food Notes Medicinal Medicinal Notes How Collected Who Collects How Prepared Psychotropic Psychotropic Notes Traded Trade Notes Distribution Habitat Dangerous Ethnobiology Notes Species Notes General Notes
agile wallaby, river wallaby flora-fauna Macropus agilis thawel thawvl wallaby (generic) unique underived minh also used as generic w wallaby sp names: thawel acheway 'large wallaby sp, male' 0 1 0 0 0 no
ant (generic) hormiga formiga flora-fauna Formicidae thiilpen(h) thiilpvn(h) ant (especially the smaller kind) inheritance *thiilpVn(h) pWik underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
Australian pelican flora-fauna Pelecanus conspicillatus poowken(h) poowkvn(h) pelican, Pelecanus conspicillatus unique underived minh 0 0 0 0 0 no
Australian snubfin dolphin flora-fauna Orcaella heinsohnii nguler ngulvr porpoise unique underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
baler shell flora-fauna Melo amphora yuul' & thoengoenh yuul' & thöngönh baler: large & round neat and deep unique underived yuul' is the generic of thoengoenh 0 0 0 0 0 no
bandicoot flora-fauna Peramelemorphia puyk puyk inheritance underived 0 0 0 0 0
barn owl flora-fauna Tyto alba thiiw thiiw owl sp inheritance *ciwa pPama-Nyungan Attested from northern CYP to Karnic; name imitative of conventionalized call (voiceless [syiw]), poss. accounting for anomalous length in WNgathan underived minh 0 0 0 0 0 no
barramundi flora-fauna Lates calcarifer wungelinm & kaa'-mul & wuungkem & moenchen & kantentun wungvlinm & kaa'mul & wuungkvm & möñcvn & kantvntun barramundi (most mature stage) & mature, largest stage & mature stage & middle-sized & juvenile) unique *muncin Local Wik-Ngathan moenchen & KKaper mvñcén are cognate (inherited) underived kaa'mul is compound with kaa' 'face' minh 1 1 0 0 0 no
bat murciélago morcego flora-fauna Chiroptera spp missing missing missing 0 1 0 0 0 no
bindii, caltrop flora-fauna Tribulus terrestris missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
bird pajaro, ave passaro flora-fauna thoech thöc bird (generic) inheritance *culci pPaman Cognate w YYoront tholhth. Similar but non-corresponding forms elsewhere in Australia underived minh 0 0 0 0 0 no
black-breasted buzzard flora-fauna Hamirostra melanosternon missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
black-faced cuckoo-shrike flora-fauna Coracina novaehollandiae missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
black-headed python flora-fauna Aspidites melanocephalus yuum ~ man-ngoenhen yuum ~ manngönhvn black-headed python (synonyms) unique CB entered code underived /man-ngoenenh/ is compound: man 'neck', ngoenh 'raw, unripe' minh ngench 'snake' 0 2 0 0 0 no
black-soil yam flora-fauna Ipomoea diamantinensis missing missing missing 0 1 0 0 0 no
bloodwood flora-fauna Eucalyptus (Corymbia) bleeseri put & kampel & minchak put & kampvl & miñcak E. polycarpa (?) &E. sp. & E. intermedia (?) inheritance *putu & *kampu & *miñcak pWik (all) underived yuk 0 1 1 0 0 no
blowfly maggots flora-fauna Diptera, Sarcophagidae missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
blowfly maggots flora-fauna Diptera, Sarcophagidae missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0
blue-tongue lizard flora-fauna Tiliqua species withen withvn blue-tongued lizerd unique underived minh 0 1 0 0 0 no
blue-winged kookaburra flora-fauna Dacelo leachii thalepal thalvpal kookaburra unique CB entered code underived minh (?) 0 0 0 0 0 no
bluebone flora-fauna Choerodon cyanodus missing missing missing 0 1 0 0 0 no
brolga flora-fauna Grus rubicunda korr' ~ thuuk korr' ~ thuuk brolga unique /thuuk/ is cognate with Pakanh /thuulka/. /korr'/ < imitation of call (kurrr, kurrr); a reduplicated form of this (kurrkurr, kurr'urrl) is attested as the ordinary word for 'brolga' across a number of languages of this region underived minh 1 0 0 0 0 no
brown goshawk flora-fauna Accipiter fasciatus missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
brush-tailed possum flora-fauna Trichosurus vulpecula koerpinch körpiñc possum sp. unique unknown 0 1 0 0 0 no
bush cockroach flora-fauna (many species) missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
bush stone-curlew flora-fauna Burhinus grallarius ku'-wakel ~ kuyewal ku'wakvl ~ kuyvwal night curlew unique compound ku' 'dog', wak 'sleep' minh 1 0 0 0 0 no
bush tobacco flora-fauna Lobelia quadrangularis keen ~ chuuw keen ~ cuuw tobacco (no Linnaean ID given but almost certainly Nicotiana) inheritance *kiini pWik Only other att. of *kiini is WMng. /chuuw/ poss. loan from English chew underived 0 0 0 1 0 no
bush turkey, Australian bustard flora-fauna Ardeotis australis aayngk aayngk plain turkey, bustard unique Resembles Pakanh aanku underived minh 0 1 0 0 0 no
bush yam flora-fauna Vigna lanceolata var. lanceolata missing missing missing 0 1 2 0 1 no
butterfly, moth mariposa borboleta flora-fauna Lepidoptera kalpekalpay kalpvkalpay butterfly, moth calque reduplicated > kalpay 'magpie goose'; cf. YYoront lorr-minh-ngorro 'dark-coloured butterflies & moths' 0 0 0 0 0 no
carpet snake flora-fauna Morelia spilota missing missing missing 0 1 0 0 0
caterpillar flora-fauna Lepidoptera thiim thiim caterpillar, hairy caterpillar unique underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
catfish flora-fauna (many species) milng milng sharp-nosed catfish unique underived minh 0 1 0 0 0 no
centipede ciempiés centopéia flora-fauna Chilopoda, Myriapoda thal thal centipede, scorpion inheritance *thalV pWik underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
channel-billed cuckoo flora-fauna Scythops novaehollandiae missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
crested pigeon flora-fauna Ocyphaps lophotes missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
darter/cormorant flora-fauna Anhinga melanogaster, Phalacrocorax species maayn & ngum maañ & ngum black cormorant & little pied cormorant unique underived minh (both) 0 1 0 0 0 no
death adder, five-minute snake flora-fauna Acanthophis praelongus missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 yes
dingo flora-fauna Canis familiaris dingo pu'-punh-pipeyn pu'punhpipvñ dingo, dog unique compound pu' 'vulva' + punh 'buttocks' + pipeyn 'fuck-DEF' 0 0 0 0 0 no
dog (camp, domestic) perro cachorro flora-fauna Canis familiaris ku' & thoonth pu'-punh-pipeyn ku' & thoonth pu'punhpipvñ dog & dog (Rsp) & dingo, dog inheritance *kuta(ka) pPaman, poss. pPama-Nyungan underived 2nd form is compound 0 0 0 0 0 no
duck pato pato, marreco flora-fauna Anatidae missing missing missing 0 1 0 0 0 no
dugong flora-fauna Dugon dugong thinhelpal thinhvlpal dugong inheritance *thinhVl+pal pWik compound thinhvl+pal minh 1 1 0 0 0 no
earthworm flora-fauna Annelida, Oligochaeta chek-weew ceekweew mangrove worm inheritance *cek+weew pWik To WNgathan /waawi/ & WMungknh; inheritance v loan (WMng), questionable compound chek+weew 0 0 0 0 0 no
emu flora-fauna Dromaius novaehollandiae achemp acvmp emu inheritance *Cacamp pPaman KLH reconstr; *C has to be apical non-nasal. Possability exists that it is a Wanderwort. underived 2 1 2 0 0 no
fish (generic) pez peixe flora-fauna keyngk keyngk scaled fish; fish scales unique underived minh (scaled fish) 0 1 0 0 0 N/A
flower flora-fauna (NA) paather(r) ~ thupen(h) paathvr(r) ~ thupvn(h) flower (syn) inheritance *paathi & *thupan PWik to WMe peeth; both forms < pWik underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
blowfly/housefly mosca mosca flora-fauna Diptera nhaan nhaan fly inheritance *ña:ni or *ñi:ni pWesternCYP (??) Variants incl. *ñi:ñi underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
flying-fox (generic) flora-fauna (many species) chuurr & keemp ~ keeynkeeyn ~ piken cuurr & keemp ~ keeñkeeñ ~ pikvn black ff & brown ff unique /keemp/ < pPaman *ka:mpi reduplicated keeñkeeñ; others are simplex minh Generic in compounds, for all entries 0 0 0 0 0 no
freshwater crocodile flora-fauna Crocodylus johnstoni kenh & yuk kenh & yuk freshwater crocodile (yuk, elsewhere 'tree', poss. because crocs originally made fr wood by magical means) inheritance *kañarra pPaman Reflexes west of Divide are 'freshwater'; east of Divide 'saltwater' underived thikel 'crocodile (f & s)', also yuk 0 0 0 0 0 no
freshwater mussel flora-fauna Velesunio wilsoni missing missing missing 0 1 0 0 0 no
freshwater prawn flora-fauna Macrobrachium rosenbergii wuuch wuuc prawn (freshwater or salt?) unique underived minh 0 1 0 0 0 no
frill-necked lizard flora-fauna Chlamydosaurus kingii thaw thaw frill-necked lizard unique underived minh 0 1 0 0 0 no
frog (generic) flora-fauna (many species) waapel waapvl frog (generic) unique underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
galah flora-fauna Eolophus roseicapilla missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0
turtle (generic) flora-fauna (many species) missing missing missing 0 1 0 0 0 no
ghost gum flora-fauna Eucalyptus papuana (Corymbia bella) eer eer white gum tree, E. clavigera inheritance *eere pWik questionable: WMng placename underived eer- is also some (unidentified) body part, as in eer-mow 'lungs' yuk 2 0 1 0 0 no
goanna (generic) or sand goanna flora-fauna Varanus spp thechel thecvl sand goanna inheritance Poss. an inheritance from pWik; cf. Pakanh thatci underived minh PS: "or generc for all the big goannas?" 0 1 2 0 0 no
grass hierba, pasto capim, grama flora-fauna (NA) pemp ~ yemp pemp ~ yemp grass (syn; both generic) inheritance *yampa PPaman *yampa reflexes otherwise 'leaf'; etym very tentative underived yemp is preposed as generic for grasses (and sedges?) 0 0 0 0 0 no
grasshopper flora-fauna Orthoptera thatel thatvl grasshopper inheritance *catal pWesternCYP (??) Homophonous w 'thigh'; cognates incl 'thigh', 'frog', 'mudskipper'; attested (as *cata 'frog') as far as Gunwinyguan underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
great bowerbird flora-fauna Chlamydera nuchalis thiich(i)kunalthan thiic(i)kunalthan bower bird (probably great bb) unique compound minh (?) 1 0 0 0 0 no
green ant flora-fauna Oecophylla smaragdina thaa'err ~ wath thaa'vrr ~ wath green ant inheritance *wath pWik thaa'err is apparently unique but bears enough resemblance to YYoront thiqvrr+owr to be considered a poss. loan into protolg. underived 0 2 2 0 0 no
green sea turtle flora-fauna Chelonia mydas maantalnt maantalnt saltwater turtle (generic) unique underived compound (maan+talnt)? 1 1 0 0 0 no
green tree snake flora-fauna Dendrelaphis punctulata missing missing missing 0 2 0 0 0 no
head/body lice flora-fauna Pediculus capitis, Pediculus humanus wilel wilvl [widl] lice, fleas inheritance To Pakanh /wele-/ in /wele-thuka/ 'head/body lice'. underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
horse caballo cavalho flora-fauna Equus caballus missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
hummingbird colibrí, picaflor (Peru) beija-flor flora-fauna Trochilidae missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
humpback whale flora-fauna Megaptera novaeangliae aathe-moericheyn ~ wale-moericheyn aathvmöricvñ ~ walvmöricvñ whale (synonyms) unique compound aath 'cheek', wal 'cheek' + moericheyn 1 1 0 0 0 no
insect (generic) insecto insecto flora-fauna generic missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
jabiru flora-fauna Ephippiorhynchus asiaticus missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0
jungle-fowl (scrub-fowl) flora-fauna Megapodius freycinet pu'pu(u)'eth ~ puun+aw+kaampenh ~ puun+wuu'eth pu'pu(u)'vth ~ puun+aw+kaampvnh ~ puun+wuu'vth scrub hen, orange-footed scrubfowl, Megapodius reinwardt unique reduplicated pu' 'vagina' redup with suffix; others are compounds: puun 'head', aw 'big', kaampvnh 'buried', wuu'vth 'red' minh 0 1 0 0 0 no
kangaroo (generic) flora-fauna Macropodidae peken pekvn red kangaroo unique underived Note also pekeen 'big kangaroo' minh 2 1 0 0 0 no
land snail flora-fauna Gastropoda missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
magpie goose flora-fauna Anseranas semipalmata nguy(e)mpang ~ kalpay nguy(v)mpang ~ kalpay magpie goose, Anseranas semipalmata inheritance *ngurrumpa pPama-Nyungan? pWesternCYP; pPNy protoform poss. initial *k rather than *ng underived minh (both) 0 1 0 0 0 no
military dragon flora-fauna Ctenophorus isolepis, Diporiphora spp., Lophognathus spp. kuchecheyn kucvcvñ small lizard (generic) inheritance *kucV Local To WMng koch 'small lizard', YYoront koch 'gecko' compound ?? 0 0 0 0 0 no
mosquito mosquito, zancudo mosquito, carapana flora-fauna Anopheles spp, Isoptera woengel & muy'el & thuuk wöngvl & muy'vl & thuuk mosquito sp (black) & mosquito sp (brown) & mosquito sp inheritance *wungilV Local None is generic, apparently underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
mud wasp, hornet flora-fauna (many species) pooeyn pööñ hornet inheritance *puuñi pPaman underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
native bee flora-fauna (many species) wimp ~ woemp wimp ~ wömp sugarbag, wild honey, wild bees (generic), Trigona spp. unique Partial syn. wirrk ~ woerrk connotes abundance & has cognate in WMng underived may 0 0 0 0 0 no
native cat flora-fauna Dasyurus missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
northern brown bandicoot flora-fauna Isoodon macrourus puyk puyk bandicoot inheritance *purrka pPama-Nyungan att. WCYP, Sydney, Wangkumara underived 0 1 0 0 0 no
northern kurrajong flora-fauna Brachychiton diversifolius missing missing missing 0 1 no? 0 0 no
nut tree flora-fauna Terminalia grandifolia ma'-thikel ~poenmoenthiy & waleman ~ aatheman ma'thikvl ~ pönmönhthiy & walvman ~ aathvman T subacroptera (both) & T carpentariae, T muelleri (both) unique compound ma' 'hand' + thikel 'SW croc' & wal 'cheek' + man, aath 'cheek' + man; poenmoenthiy is simplex? yuk 0 1 0 inner bark lucky for gamblers 0 0 T subacroptera on beach no
octopus flora-fauna Octopus australis missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
pandanus palm flora-fauna Pandanus spiralis with with pandanus unique underived yuk 1 1 fruit is named differently 0 0 1 no
paperbark flora-fauna Melaleuca sericea, Melaleuca stenostachya theeth theeth tea tree (generic), Melaleuca spp unique all Melaleuca spp. underived yuk questioned; theeth is also used as a generic with postposed specific terms 0 0 1 0 0 no
peaceful dove flora-fauna Geopelia placida kulnt kulnt dove sp. inheritance Poss. /kulvnt/ WW %kurlu+ underived minh (?) 0 0 0 0 0 no
pearlshell flora-fauna Pinctada spp missing missing missing 1 1 0 0 1 no
peewee flora-fauna Gryllina cyanoleuca oencher öncvrr peewee, magpie-lark unique underived minh (?) 0 0 0 0 0 no
pied butcherbird flora-fauna Cracticus nigrogularis missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
pike eel flora-fauna Muraenesox arabicus missing missing missing 0 1 0 0 0 no
praying mantis, stick insects mantis religiosa louva-a-deus flora-fauna Mantodea missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
prickle bush flora-fauna Sclerolaena bicornis missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
quail (generic) flora-fauna Coturnix species, Turnix species pii'en pii'vn quail unique underived minh 0 0 0 0 0 no
red river gum flora-fauna Eucalyptus camaldulensis missing missing missing 2 0 1 0 1 no
red-tailed black-cockatoo flora-fauna Calyptorhynchus banksi missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
riflefish, archerfish flora-fauna Toxotes chatareus mayken maykvn rifle fish unique underived minh 0 1 0 0 0 no
river mangrove flora-fauna Aegicera corniculatum thanch thañc river mangrove, Aegiceras corniculatum; also 'thicket, vine scrub' inheritance *thancV pWik WMng thanch 'river mangrove' underived 0 0 2 0 1 no
rock fig flora-fauna Ficus brachypoda missing missing missing 0 1 0 0 0 no
sacred kingfisher flora-fauna Todiramphus sancta missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
saltwater crocodile flora-fauna Crocodylus porosus ma'-pal & thayent-empenh & yuk ma'pal & thayvntempvnh & yuk saltwater crocodile (all terms; the second juvenile language) (yuk, elsewhere 'tree', poss. because crocs originally made fr wood by magical means) unique CB entered code compound ma' 'hand' + pal 'excess/greedy for' (sign lg half-clenched hand, ref. to claws' thikel 'crocodile (f & s)', also yuk 2 2 0 0 0 yes
saltwater mussel flora-fauna Mytilidae missing missing missing 0 1 0 0 0 no
sawfish flora-fauna Pristis pectinata yaperreng ~ warp yapvrrvng ~ warp sawfish unique underived minh (also katheng?) 1 0 0 0 0 yes
scorpion escorpión; alacran escorpião flora-fauna Arachnida, Scorpiones thal thal scorpion, centipede inheritance *thalV pWik underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
shark (generic) flora-fauna Selachimorpha katheng kathvng sharks & rays (generic) unique underived gerundial of kathe- 'to tie': 2nd-order generic, as in minh katheng 'tying meats, i.e. sharks & rays', katheng warp 'sawfish' 0 0 0 0 0 variable
shell (generic) flora-fauna missing missing missing 0 1 0 0 1 no
short-beaked echidna flora-fauna Tachyglossus aculeatus punkench (~ puun-kunch) punkvñc (~ puunkuñc) echidna unique compound puun 'head' + kunch 'penis' minh 0 2 0 0 0 no
snake (generic) culebra, serpiente cobra flora-fauna ngench ngeñc snake unique per Sutton, to WNgathan /-ngench/ & WMng /ngench/ 'sacred'. Therefore ultimately < pPNyungan *ngalñca underived Can be preposed to a species name as a generic. 0 1 0 0 0 N/A
snappy gum flora-fauna Eucalyptus brevifolia missing missing missing 0 0 1 0 0 no
spider araña aranha flora-fauna Arachnida, Araneae nharr nharr spider unique underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
spinifex flora-fauna Triodia species missing missing missing 0 0 2 0 0 no
spoonbills (yellow-billed spoonbill, black-billed spoonbill) flora-fauna Platalea flavipes, Platalea regia pichepal pichvpal spoonbill (royal?) unique underived Poss. compound One spkr associates w kethinhth 'white ibis' & paalpinch-el 'straw-necked ibis' as a kind of ibis. 0 0 0 0 0 no
stingray (generic) rayas látigo, raya arraia flora-fauna Dasyatidae katheng kathvng sharks & rays (generic) unique underived gerundial of kathe- 'to tie': 2nd-order generic, as in minh katheng 'tying meats, i.e. sharks & rays', katheng warp 'sawfish' 0 1 0 0 0 variable
stripe-faced dunnart flora-fauna Sminthopsis macroura missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
sugarbag wax flora-fauna thaam thaam wax (bee wax?) inheritance *waathV pWik underived 1 1 0 0 0 no
sulphur-crested cockatoo flora-fauna Cacatua galerita thiiweth thiiwvth cockatoo (sulphur crested?) unique underived minh 0 0 0 0 0 no
swamp eel flora-fauna Ophisternon gutturale missing missing missing 0 1 0 0 0 no
swamp leech flora-fauna Annelida, Hirudinea missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
tawny frogmouth flora-fauna Podargus strigoides missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
termite mounds, ant hills flora-fauna Isoptera pi' pi' antbed, termite mound inheritance *pi'V pWik underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
termites, white-ants comején (Peru), termitas cupim flora-fauna (many species) missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
ti-tree flora-fauna Melaleuca bracteata missing missing missing 0 0 1 0 0 no
tick garrapata carrapato flora-fauna Arachnida, Acarina missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
tiger shark flora-fauna Galeocerdo cuvier missing missing missing 0 0 0 0 0 yes
torresian crow flora-fauna Corvus orru waath waath crow, Torresian crow, Corvus orru inheritance *waaca pPama-Nyungan Attested from northern CYP to Karnic underived minh 0 0 0 0 0 no
tree árbol arvore flora-fauna (NA) yuk yuk tree, stick, wood, log; instrument, vehicle, thing; crocodile inheritance *yuku pPaman; poss. pPama-Nyungan underived 0 crocodile sense has to do with creation story 0 0 0 0 no
waterlily flora-fauna Nymphaea macrosperma umpe-yel umpvyel waterlily, Nymphaea lotus var. australis inheritance *umpiy pWik compound may 0 1 mature plant may yuweth; edible stems may pooeykel;; edible seeds may wum 2 0 0 no
wattle flora-fauna Acacia difficilis wenthen wenhthvn A crassicarpa inheritance *wanhthan (??) pWik underived yuk questioned 0 0 1 0 1 no
wedge-tailed eagle flora-fauna Aquila audax kuch ~ tha'-tharren kuch ~ tha'tharrvn wedge-tailed eagle, Aquila audax unique underived /tha'tharren/ is compound: tha' 'foot', tharrvn 'hard' minh (?; for tha'tharrvn) 1 0 0 0 0 no
willie wagtail flora-fauna Rhipidura leucophrys missing missing missing 1 0 0 0 0 no
witchetty grub flora-fauna (many species) missing missing missing 0 1 2 0 0 no
woma flora-fauna Aspidites ramsayii missing missing missing 0 1 0 0 0 no


Ethnographic Information
Current Population (speakers) Former Population Estimate Subsistence Preference Density Sedentism Ecotome Marriage Pattern Notes Source
medium HG low mobile