| agile wallaby, river wallaby |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Macropus agilis |
dulbil |
tulpil |
wallaby, red kangaroo |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| ant (generic) |
hormiga |
formiga |
flora-fauna |
|
Formicidae |
manunggul & gudjin & mirimiri & munyimunyi & gawun.gawun |
manungkul & kucin & mirimiri & muñimuñi & kawunkawun |
small brown & black & small black & small light brown & bull |
unique |
|
|
|
/muñimuñi/ to Yidiny |
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Australian pelican |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Pelecanus conspicillatus |
wurrmbul |
wurrmpul |
pelican |
semantic shift |
*wurr(m)pulV |
pPaman |
|
Sound-correspondence problematic; poss. contamination from a pre-Tjaapukay form (cf. Yidiny <wurrgulV> 'pelican'(. Reflex in YYoront, /worrpol/, is 'white-brested sea eagle' |
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| Australian snubfin dolphin |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Orcaella heinsohnii |
missing |
missing |
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| baler shell |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Melo amphora |
missing |
missing |
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| bandicoot |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Peramelemorphia |
djunydjurru |
cuñcurru |
|
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| barn owl |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Tyto alba |
gudjugudju |
kucukucu |
night owl |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
reduplicated |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| barramundi |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Lates calcarifer |
djilibiri & wubanbarra |
cilipiri & wupanparra |
barramundi & barramundi [probably a size distinction] |
inheritance |
*cilipiri |
pYTj |
|
To Yidiny (C) /jilibiri/ 'barramundi' |
|
|
|
compound |
? Poss. /djili/ 'eye' + /biri/ 'fire' |
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| bat |
murciélago |
morcego |
flora-fauna |
|
Chiroptera spp |
mundji |
mun.ci |
insect-eating bat |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| bindii, caltrop |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Tribulus terrestris |
unique |
unique |
|
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| bird |
pajaro, ave |
passaro |
flora-fauna |
|
|
djarruy |
carruy |
bird (generic; also 'spirit') |
inheritance |
*carruy |
pYTj |
|
|
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| black-breasted buzzard |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Hamirostra melanosternon |
missing |
missing |
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| black-faced cuckoo-shrike |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Coracina novaehollandiae |
missing |
missing |
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| black-headed python |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Aspidites melanocephalus |
missing |
missing |
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
2 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| black-soil yam |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Ipomoea diamantinensis |
missing |
missing |
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| bloodwood |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Eucalyptus (Corymbia) bleeseri |
gambul |
kampul |
bloodwood, Eucalyptus gummifera |
inheritance |
|
|
|
To Yidiny /gambul/ |
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| blowfly maggots |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Diptera, Sarcophagidae |
dungun |
tungun |
maggot |
inheritance |
*tungun |
pYTj |
|
To Yifiny /dungun/ |
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| blue-tongue lizard |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Tiliqua species |
badjabadja |
pacapaca |
blue-tongue lizard |
inheritance |
*pacapaca |
local |
|
To KYal /bajabaja/ |
|
|
|
reduplicated |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| blue-winged kookaburra |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Dacelo leachii |
gurrungga |
kurrungka |
kookaburra |
inheritance |
*kurrungka |
local |
|
Yidiny, KYal, KThaypan, Uw-Olkol, UOykangand |
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| bluebone |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Choerodon cyanodus |
missing |
missing |
|
missing |
|
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| brolga |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Grus rubicunda |
missing |
missing |
|
missing |
|
|
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| brown goshawk |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Accipiter fasciatus |
guguy & diguy & bidjuy |
kukuy & tikuy & picuy |
hawk & chicken hawk & fish hawk |
unique |
|
|
|
/bidjuy/ 'fish hawk' is cognate with Yidiny /bidjuu/ and the second half of KYal /jinabiju/ 'goshawk' |
|
|
|
underived |
Poss. a synchronic derivation: /bidju/ + /y/. |
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| brush-tailed possum |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Trichosurus vulpecula |
gayarra & gububuru & bidul |
kayarra & kupupuru & pitul |
possum & black and white possum & scrub possum |
inheritance |
|
|
|
To *kacarra |
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| bush cockroach |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
(many species) |
missing |
missing |
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| bush stone-curlew |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Burhinus grallarius |
balabira |
balabira |
curlew |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| bush tobacco |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Lobelia quadrangularis |
missing |
missing |
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| bush turkey, Australian bustard |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Ardeotis australis |
missing |
missing |
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| bush yam |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Vigna lanceolata var. lanceolata |
missing |
missing |
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| butterfly, moth |
mariposa |
borboleta |
flora-fauna |
|
Lepidoptera |
walbirrwalbirr |
walpirrwalpirr |
butterfly |
unique |
|
|
|
Resembles /walpul/ forms common to GYim and KYal |
|
|
|
reduplicated |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| carpet snake |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Morelia spilota |
puta:tyi |
puta:tyi |
|
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| caterpillar |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Lepidoptera |
missing |
missing |
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| catfish |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
(many species) |
missing |
missing |
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| centipede |
ciempiés |
centopéia |
flora-fauna |
|
Chilopoda, Myriapoda |
ginba |
kinpa |
centipede |
inheritance |
*kinpa |
pYTj |
|
To Yidiny |
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| channel-billed cuckoo |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Scythops novaehollandiae |
missing |
missing |
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| crested pigeon |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Ocyphaps lophotes |
bagam |
pakam |
wampoo pigeon |
inheritance |
*pakam |
pYTj |
|
To Yidiny |
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| darter/cormorant |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Anhinga melanogaster, Phalacrocorax species |
missing |
missing |
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| death adder, five-minute snake |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Acanthophis praelongus |
gundjilbay |
kuncilpay |
death adder |
inheritance |
*kuñcilpay |
pYTj |
|
To Yidiny |
|
|
|
underived |
? |
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
yes |
|
|
|
| dingo |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Canis familiaris dingo |
ganibarra |
kaniparra |
dingo |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
underived |
? |
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| dog (camp, domestic) |
perro |
cachorro |
flora-fauna |
|
Canis familiaris |
gurra: |
kurra: |
tame dog |
inheritance |
*kutaka |
pPaman |
|
|
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| duck |
pato |
pato, marreco |
flora-fauna |
|
Anatidae |
buru: |
puru: |
whistle duck |
inheritance |
*puruku |
pYTj |
|
To Yidiny buru:gu 'black duck' and KYal /buruku/ 'pied cormorant' |
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| dugong |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Dugon dugong |
missing |
missing |
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| earthworm |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Annelida, Oligochaeta |
djunggum |
cungkum |
worm |
inheritance |
*cungku+ |
pYTj |
|
To Yidiny |
|
|
|
derived |
With /+m/ |
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| emu |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Dromaius novaehollandiae |
gindadja |
kintaca |
emu |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| fish (generic) |
pez |
peixe |
flora-fauna |
|
|
guyu |
kuyu |
fish (generic) |
inheritance |
*kuyu |
pPama-Nyungan |
|
With an alternant *kuya |
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
|
| flower |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
(NA) |
missing |
missing |
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| blowfly/housefly |
mosca |
mosca |
flora-fauna |
|
Diptera |
barabara |
parapara |
common fly |
inheritance |
*parapara |
pYTj |
|
To Yidiny. Resembles KYal /burulburul/ |
|
|
|
reduplicated |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| flying-fox (generic) |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
(many species) |
guginy |
kukiñ |
flying fox |
inheritance |
*kukiñu |
pYTj |
|
To Yidiny. Loss of V3 regular? Cf /ganyarra/ 'croc/ < *kañarra. |
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| freshwater crocodile |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Crocodylus johnstoni |
ganyarra |
kañarra |
crocodile |
inheritance |
*kañarra |
pPaman |
|
|
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| freshwater mussel |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Velesunio wilsoni |
missing |
missing |
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| freshwater prawn |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Macrobrachium rosenbergii |
djun.gi |
cunki |
prawn, shrimp, small FW crab; policeman |
inheritance |
|
|
|
To Yidiny /jun.gi/ |
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| frill-necked lizard |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Chlamydosaurus kingii |
binandjal & gilbay |
pinancal & kilpay |
frilled lizard & frilled lizard |
loan |
*pinañcal |
local |
|
To KYal binanjal |
|
|
|
derived |
With /bina/ 'ear, gills' |
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| frog (generic) |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
(many species) |
wubun |
wupun |
frog, toad (generic) |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| galah |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Eolophus roseicapilla |
missing |
missing |
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| turtle (generic) |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
(many species) |
badjigal |
pacikal |
turtle |
inheritance |
*pacikal |
pYTj |
|
To Yidiny /bajigal/ 'FW turtle' (Elseya latisternum) |
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| ghost gum |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Eucalyptus papuana (Corymbia bella) |
missing |
missing |
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| goanna (generic) or sand goanna |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Varanus spp |
ganyal |
kañal |
goanna |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| grass |
hierba, pasto |
capim, grama |
flora-fauna |
|
(NA) |
nguyay |
nguyay |
kangaroo grass [poss. also generic] |
inheritance |
*nguyay |
pYTj |
|
Yidiny cognate is 'kangaroo grass' (Themeda australis) |
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| grasshopper |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Orthoptera |
bundim |
puntim |
grasshopper |
inheritance |
*puntim |
pYTj |
|
To pPama-Maric *punti+. Forms like /pinti/ are very widespread |
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| great bowerbird |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Chlamydera nuchalis |
missing |
missing |
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| green ant |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Oecophylla smaragdina |
djilburay |
cilpuray |
green ant |
loan |
*cilipura |
pYTj |
Yidiny |
To Yidiny /jilibura/. Tjaap /y/ is presumed derivational. |
|
|
|
underived |
compound |
Poss. w /jili/ 'eye'; /bura(y)/ ? |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
2 |
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| green sea turtle |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Chelonia mydas |
missing |
missing |
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| green tree snake |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Dendrelaphis punctulata |
wilgarr |
wilkarr |
green tree snake |
inheritance |
*wirkarr |
pYTj |
|
To Yidiny; *rk for Y /rk/, Tj /lk/ is a guess here. |
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
2 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| head/body lice |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Pediculus capitis, Pediculus humanus |
guliy |
kuliy |
head lice, nits |
inheritance |
*kulu |
pPNy |
|
Poss. < *kuli or < *kulu+y. |
|
|
|
derived |
With /+y/ |
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| horse |
caballo |
cavalho |
flora-fauna |
|
Equus caballus |
yarraman |
yarraman |
horse |
loan |
|
|
Languages to the south |
|
WW |
%yarraman |
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| hummingbird |
colibrí, picaflor (Peru) |
beija-flor |
flora-fauna |
|
Trochilidae |
missing |
missing |
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| humpback whale |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Megaptera novaeangliae |
missing |
missing |
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| insect (generic) |
insecto |
insecto |
flora-fauna |
|
generic |
missing |
missing |
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| jabiru |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Ephippiorhynchus asiaticus |
missing |
missing |
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| jungle-fowl (scrub-fowl) |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Megapodius freycinet |
djarruga |
carruka |
scrub hen |
inheritance |
*carruka |
local |
|
To Yidiny. Resembles *currkan reflexes in western CYP languages |
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| kangaroo (generic) |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Macropodidae |
gan.gula |
kankula |
grey kangaroo |
inheritance |
*kankula |
pYTj |
|
To Yidiny /gan.gula/ 'grey wallaby'. |
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| land snail |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Gastropoda |
djalga |
calka |
snail |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| magpie goose |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Anseranas semipalmata |
missing |
missing |
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| military dragon |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Ctenophorus isolepis, Diporiphora spp., Lophognathus spp. |
missing |
missing |
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| mosquito |
mosquito, zancudo |
mosquito, carapana |
flora-fauna |
|
Anopheles spp, Isoptera |
ngugun & ngulbul |
ngukun & ngulpul |
mosquito & mosquito [2 spp?] |
inheritance |
*ngukun |
pYTj |
|
To Yidiny /ngugun/ 'a big brown mosquito' |
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| mud wasp, hornet |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
(many species) |
binydjin |
piñcin |
wasp, hornet, honey |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| native bee |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
(many species) |
mugay |
mukay |
bee, honeycomb |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| native cat |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Dasyurus |
missing |
missing |
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| northern brown bandicoot |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Isoodon macrourus |
djunydjurru & djalbay |
cuñcurru & calpay |
bandicoot & long-nosed bandicoot |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| northern kurrajong |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Brachychiton diversifolius |
missing |
missing |
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
no? |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| nut tree |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Terminalia grandifolia |
missing |
missing |
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| octopus |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Octopus australis |
missing |
missing |
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| pandanus palm |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Pandanus spiralis |
yagal |
yakal |
pandanus |
inheritance |
*yakal |
pYTj |
|
To Yidiny |
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| paperbark |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Melaleuca sericea, Melaleuca stenostachya |
gidi |
kiti |
paperbark |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| peaceful dove |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Geopelia placida |
guludu |
kulutu |
dove |
inheritance |
*kurlu+ |
pPama-Nyungan |
|
Widespread borrowing is likely. |
WW |
%kurlu+ |
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| pearlshell |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Pinctada spp |
missing |
missing |
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| peewee |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Gryllina cyanoleuca |
missing |
missing |
|
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| pied butcherbird |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Cracticus nigrogularis |
galbu |
kalpu |
butcherbird (poss.; also given as 'crow') |
inheritance |
*kalpu |
pYTj |
|
To Yidiny |
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| pike eel |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Muraenesox arabicus |
nyinggarra & djabulagay |
ñingkarra & capulakay |
big eel & small eel |
unique |
|
|
|
/djabulagay/ to Yidiny /jabulagay/ 'large FW eel' |
|
|
|
underived |
? |
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| praying mantis, stick insects |
mantis religiosa |
louva-a-deus |
flora-fauna |
|
Mantodea |
missing |
missing |
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| prickle bush |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Sclerolaena bicornis |
missing |
missing |
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| quail (generic) |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Coturnix species, Turnix species |
gubalgubal |
kupalkupal |
wild pheasant |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| red river gum |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Eucalyptus camaldulensis |
missing |
missing |
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| red-tailed black-cockatoo |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Calyptorhynchus banksi |
burrn.gin & garna: |
purrnkin & kar.na |
black cockatoo & black cockatoo [questioned] |
unique |
|
|
|
/garna:/ < *kar(a)na (red-tailed black cockatoo) |
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| riflefish, archerfish |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Toxotes chatareus |
missing |
missing |
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| river mangrove |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Aegicera corniculatum |
missing |
missing |
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| rock fig |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Ficus brachypoda |
yan.gi |
yanki |
fig tree (generic) |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| sacred kingfisher |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Todiramphus sancta |
giragira |
kirakira |
kingfisher |
inheritance |
*kirakira |
pYTj |
|
To Yidiny /giraagiraa/ 'white-tailed kf' |
|
|
|
reduplicated |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| saltwater crocodile |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Crocodylus porosus |
ganyarra |
kañarra |
crocodile |
inheritance |
*kañarra |
pPaman |
|
|
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
2 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
yes |
|
|
|
| saltwater mussel |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Mytilidae |
missing |
missing |
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| sawfish |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Pristis pectinata |
missing |
missing |
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
yes |
|
|
|
| scorpion |
escorpión; alacran |
escorpião |
flora-fauna |
|
Arachnida, Scorpiones |
dumbunum ~ maranggilay |
tumpunum ~ marangkilay |
scorpion |
inheritance |
*tumpunu |
pYTj |
|
|
|
|
|
underived |
/maranggilay/ with /mara/ 'hand, finger'?? |
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| shark (generic) |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Selachimorpha |
missing |
missing |
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
variable |
|
|
|
| shell (generic) |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
|
biga |
pika |
shell (generic) |
unique |
|
|
|
Note forms /pika(ñ)/ in Maric lgs meaning 'fingernail' |
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| short-beaked echidna |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Tachyglossus aculeatus |
missing |
missing |
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
2 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| snake (generic) |
culebra, serpiente |
cobra |
flora-fauna |
|
|
djama |
cama |
snake (generic) |
inheritance |
*cama |
pYTj |
|
To Yidiny |
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
|
| snappy gum |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Eucalyptus brevifolia |
missing |
missing |
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| spider |
araña |
aranha |
flora-fauna |
|
Arachnida, Araneae |
garra & malara |
karra & malara |
(poisonous) spider & spider web |
inheritance |
|
|
|
/garra/ to Yidiny. /malara/ to KYal /malal/ 'spider' |
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| spinifex |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Triodia species |
missing |
missing |
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| spoonbills (yellow-billed spoonbill, black-billed spoonbill) |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Platalea flavipes, Platalea regia |
missing |
missing |
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| stingray (generic) |
rayas látigo, raya |
arraia |
flora-fauna |
|
Dasyatidae |
missing |
missing |
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
variable |
|
|
|
| stripe-faced dunnart |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Sminthopsis macroura |
missing |
missing |
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| sugarbag wax |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
|
wurruba |
wurrupa |
beeswax |
inheritance |
*wurrupa |
pYTj |
|
To Yidiny /wuruba/ and (with problematic phonological history) YYoront /+wurrvw/ (in sugarbag terms) |
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| sulphur-crested cockatoo |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Cacatua galerita |
wanggulay |
wangkulay |
sulphur-crested cockatoo |
inheritance |
*wangkulay |
pYTj |
|
To Yidiny |
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| swamp eel |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Ophisternon gutturale |
missing |
missing |
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| swamp leech |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Annelida, Hirudinea |
djirrirr |
cirrirr |
leech |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| tawny frogmouth |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Podargus strigoides |
missing |
missing |
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| termite mounds, ant hills |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Isoptera |
gabay & gadju |
kapay & kacu |
ant bed & ant bed on tree |
inheritance |
*kapay |
local |
|
To KYal /kabay/ 'small antbed'. /gaju/ pYTj *kacu; Yidiny /gaju/ 'black tree ant' |
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| termites, white-ants |
comején (Peru), termitas |
cupim |
flora-fauna |
|
(many species) |
gabaybarra |
kapayparra |
white ant |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
derived |
/gabay/ 'antbed' + /barra/ 'inhabitant of' |
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| ti-tree |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Melaleuca bracteata |
diwirri |
tiwirri |
ti tree |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| tick |
garrapata |
carrapato |
flora-fauna |
|
Arachnida, Acarina |
mindil |
mintil |
tick |
inheritance |
*mintil |
pEastern Paman |
|
To Yidiny and GYim /mindil/ 'tick' |
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| tiger shark |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Galeocerdo cuvier |
missing |
missing |
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
yes |
|
|
|
| torresian crow |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Corvus orru |
wuwul & galbu |
wuwul & kalpu |
crow & crow (poss. butcherbird) |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| tree |
árbol |
arvore |
flora-fauna |
|
(NA) |
djulbin |
culpin |
tree (generic), log |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| waterlily |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Nymphaea macrosperma |
mimu: & waybi |
mimu: & waypi |
waterlily & waterlily |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| wattle |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Acacia difficilis |
bugu |
puku |
wattle (generic) |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| wedge-tailed eagle |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Aquila audax |
nalmalbarra |
nalmalparra |
eagle hawk |
unique |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
derived |
/nalmal/ 'log/ + /barra/ 'having' |
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| willie wagtail |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Rhipidura leucophrys |
missing |
missing |
|
inheritance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| witchetty grub |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
(many species) |
gumbala & djambun |
kumpala & campun |
witchetty grub & witchetty grub, wood w witchetty grubs |
inheritance |
*gumbala |
pYTj |
|
To Yidiny /gumba:l/ <gumbalA>. /djambun/ < pYTj *campun; Yidiny /jambun/ |
|
|
|
underived |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
| woma |
|
|
flora-fauna |
|
Aspidites ramsayii |
missing |
missing |
|
missing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
1 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
|
|
|
no |
|
|
|
