Hunter-Gatherer Language Database

clothing

Semantic Field: culture-mythology
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish: ropa
Meaning Portuguese: roupa

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Language	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Proto-Form	Proto-Language	Loan Source	Wanderwort Status	Etyma Set	Etymology Notes	Word Structure	Word Structure Notes	General Notes	Source

Language	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Proto-Form	Proto-Language	Loan Source	Wanderwort Status	Etyma Set	Etymology Notes	Word Structure	Word Structure Notes	General Notes	Source
Achagua	íibalaʃi	íibalaʃi		inheritance?			shared Piapoco							See Language page
Aché		tɨru		inheritance										See Language page
Aguaruna	jáanch	xá:ntʃ		inheritance										See Language page
Akawaio	pong	pɔŋ		inheritance										See Language page
Andoke	(Nom. class) -sea	(Nom. class) -sea		unique										See Language page
Apalai	upo	upo		inheritance										See Language page
Araona		haiba-i; maša											The 'cushma', man's bark-cloth garment is kʷabomala. A sling over the shoulder to carry the baby is ona. Tacn form is ona.	See Language page
Ashuar	tárach	taraʧ												See Language page
Ayoreo		bo'raa; bo'raai-dieʔ											Same as 'cloth' 06.210. See 06.950. Also igi'de 06.420, 06.440.	See Language page
Baniwa	-náani	-náani		unique										See Language page
Bankalachi Toloim	missing			missing
Barasano	sudi	sudi												See Language page
Bardi	anmarr			unique
Barí		duksā												See Language page
Baure	ra'roni (male)	ra'roni (male)		unknown										See Language page
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone	kwasun		dress, shrit, clothes	inheritance	*kwasu	Uto-Aztecan				Stubbs 2011 483	simplex			Crapo 1976
Bora	wájyamu	kwáxjamɯ		unique										See Language page
Bunuba	mampu			missing
Burarra	mirikal			loan direction unknown
Cahuilla	xelyal		clothes	unknown						Cupeno has a hel- root in 'old raggedy clothes'	other complex			Seiler & Hioki 1979
Candoshi-Shapra	kamaazi	kamaaʂi		loan			Spanish camisa							See Language page
Carapana	jutiro	xutiɾo												See Language page
Carijona	juruji (cloth)			unknown										See Language page
Cavineña	e-hoto-ki; kamisa-kʷana (The latter is from the Spanish "camisa")	e-hoto-ki; kamisa-kʷana		unique; loan			Spanish							See Language page
Cayuvava		oǰa; ɔǰa; yoǰa ~ kioǰa; 'rãβɔ̃kɔ̃												See Language page
Central Aymara	isi	isi												See Language page
Central Sierra Miwok	7yká:py-		clothes, garments	unique						perhaps related to Mins 7ykpa 'to adorn'??	simplex			Freeland & Broadbent 1960
Cha'palaa		'hali ~ 'halʸi											Also means 'cloth.	See Language page
Chemehuevi	tywarengI		belongings, clothes, furniture, etc.	unique							derived			Harrington Chemehuevi Noun List (K. Hill 1969)
Chipaya		škiti											Uru-J form is škiti.	See Language page
Chiriguano		ᵐbae-moⁿde		unknown										See Language page
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja		-wuy ~ -yuy; -waxaleʔ												See Language page
Chumash Barbareno	7axwin'		clothes	inheritance		Proto-Southern Chumashan				see haxwi- in IC	derived	suffix -n'		Beeler 1978
Chumash Ineseno	haxwi=7		clothes, clothing	inheritance		Proto-Central Chumash					derived	final -7 is instrumental from haxwi-n 'to dress'		Applegate 1972
Chumash Obispeno	exetehs, extechs		toute espèce de vêtements	unknown						copy of Fages	simplex			Harrington
Chumash Ventureno	axwi		clothes	inheritance		Proto-Southern Chumashan					simplex			Mamet 2008
Chácobo	sawɨ-ti	sawɨ-ti		inheritance										See Language page
Cocopa	nYu7á:l		clothes	unknown							derived	from 'wear'??		Crawford 1989
Cofán	sarupa (ropa); ondiccu'je (cushma)	sarupa; ondikhuʔhe											phonemic transcriptions are ESTIMATIONS	See Language page
Comanche	namahku		clothes (any wearing apparel), household goods, belongings	inheritance	*nammakku	Numic				See also T. sho namokku(n) 'money', Comanche 'clothes'; W. Mono naawakU 'string of shell money', N. Paiute namakko 'old kind of beads; also hoi-yah, ahts-ă-kan-nah red & blue beads, probably Hudson Bay Merriam 45:303	simplex			R
Cubeo	cuitótecaje	kuitótɛkahɛ		unique										See Language page
Cupeño	hisexvel		clothing, goods	inheritance	*ysy©	Northern Uto-Aztecan				Stubbs 2011 248	other complex			Hill & Nolasquez 1973
Desano	suhri	suhri		inheritance										See Language page
Dhangu	muwayak			semantic shift
Dhuwal	mardhakal			semantic shift
Djeoromitxi	kukä, kä	kukǝ, kǝ												See Language page
Djinang	mirikal			loan direction unknown
Dâw	yuùn	jûn		inheritance										See Language page
Epena		'pʰaru												See Language page
Ese Ejja		ɗaki		unique										See Language page
Ese Ejja/Huarayo	daki	daki												See Language page
Esselen	missing			missing
Eñepa	po; [kamiča]; poto, -po, Var. -ipo, kamicha (MM)	pɔ; [kamitʃa]; pɔtɔ, Var. -ipɔ, kamitʃa (MM)		inheritance										See Language page
Gabrielino	moha:von		tu ropa (fresada)	inheritance	*ha-pyt	Uto-Aztecan				Stubbs 2011 244	other complex			Hill Harrington notes
Gumatj	muwayak			semantic shift
Gupapuyngu	mardhakal			semantic shift
Gurindji	wapaapa			loan			Wambaya	WW	%wapawapa	with semantic shift Wam. Wapa 'skin' cf. Gurindji and other languages warrpa 'bat's wing'
Hodï		toto		unique										See Language page
Huambisa	jaanch	xa:ntʃ												See Language page
Hup	yǔd	jǔd		inheritance										See Language page
Ignaciano		-muiriʔa											Men's clothing is ahaira-muiriʔa.	See Language page
Iipay 'Aa	tehiilly		clothes, shirt, is dressing, wears	unknown							simplex			Couro & Hutcheson 1973
Ingá	churaridiru	tʃuraridiru												See Language page
Iquito	sinaáqu+	sinaákɨ		unknown										See Language page
Itonama		makaya; čoskoni; učasba												See Language page
Jingulu	wapaapa			inheritance				WW	%wapawapa	Wambaya redup of 'skin'; also larnku
Kaingang	kur	kur												See Language page
Kakataibo		čupa; ha'pa											Panoan tari 'tunic'.	See Language page
Kakua		yegěʔ-ʧû [clothes-cl.cover/skin]; hãʔ-ʧû		unknown										See Language page
Kamayurá	tɨruhet	tɨruhet		inheritance										See Language page
Karajarri	larnparri warra			unique
Kariña	pangi	paŋi	clothing				Yamada 2010:787
Karitiana	pykyp	pɨkɨp		unknown										See Language page
Katukina		tari												See Language page
Kawaiisu	hii-(m)by-zi		beads; clothes	inheritance	*hini	Numic				Stubbs 2011 2283; see Chemehuevi "bead"; probably a "belongings" word	other complex	hii-(m)by 'money'		Zigmond et al. 1990
Kiliwa	missing			missing
Kitanemuk	havït		skin, blanket, clothes	inheritance	*ha-pyt	Uto-Aztecan				Stubbs 2011 244; also -tavï for modern dress or clothes Anderton 1988:518	other complex			Anderton 1988
Kokama	chiru	tʃiɾu		inheritance - WW			%sarur, prob loan into Inga Quechua							See Language page
Koreguaje	kãña	khãɲa		inheritance										See Language page
Kotiria	suhtiro (Waltz)	suhtiɾo (Waltz)		inheritance										See Language page
Lake Miwok	kolénni		clothes, things to wear	unique						also númmanuma 'clothes, possessions, things equipment' 103 fromnúma 'some sort of'	other complex	kóle 'to wear'		Callaghan 1965
Lengua		apawa												See Language page
Lokono	bokolho (-ho)	bokoɽo(-ho)	clothing											Pet 1987:354
Luiseño	miyxanish		clothes, dress	inheritance	*miyxan	Cupan				also in Cupeno -mixan 'belongings'	derived, other complex			Eliott 1999
Maca		#NAME?												See Language page
Macaguan	onsét	onsét		unknown										See Language page
Maidu	c'í		clothing, put on	inheritance	*c'íh	Proto-Maiduan				Ultan 1964:362	simplex			Shipley 1963
Maihiki	to ja	to xã		unknown										See Language page
Makiritare	womɨ (IDS); womü (KH) (also means 'dress, garments')	womɨ		unique										See Language page
Makuna	yutabaju, yutabuju	yutabaxu, yutabuxu		semantic shift			from 'cotton'							See Language page
Makushi	pon (SM)	pon (SM)		inheritance										See Language page
Mapoyo	ka'-ri (also means material and blanket)	ka'-ri (also means material and blanket)												See Language page
Mapudungun		wesakelu; takun											Ranquel form is wesakelu.	See Language page
Matses	dashcute	daʃkute		unknown										See Language page
Miriwung	wapawapang			loan			Jingulu	WW	%wapawapa	dress < Wambaya 'skin'
Mocoví		l-oho												See Language page
Mojave	suunaa		clothes, clothing	unknown							simplex			Munro et al. 1992
Mosetén-Chimané		koft'yi-t; kis'ye											Respectively: men's and women's clothing; the latter also means 'cloth' 06.210. Also sa'rasa, 'cloth'.	See Language page
Movima	ɗoʔwe	ɗoʔwe												See Language page
Mudburra	apaapa			loan			Jingulu	WW	%wapawapa	Wambaya waba 'skin'
Muinane	gááchehu, -chéhu (W97)	gáátʃeʔu, -tʃéhu												See Language page
Murui Witoto	ɨniroì, ɨnicuìro	ɯniroì, ɯnikuìro (B83)		inheritance										See Language page
Mutsun	ro:pa		clothes	loan			Spanish	WW	%ropa	esxen 'dress, clothes' Mason 1916:433	simplex			Okrand 1977
Máku	kamiča 'pano'													See Language page
Nadëb/Roçado dialect		ʃaɾo:ɾ (Martins dict)		loan - WW			%sarur, via Nheengatu							See Language page
Napo Lowland Quichua	churana	tʃuɾana												See Language page
Ngarluma	wara			doubtful loan
Nheengatu	axirura	aʃiɾuɾa		inheritance - WW			%sarur							See Language page
Ninam	kamiša-k (ids)	kamiʃ̌a-k (ids)		loan			Portuguese							See Language page
Nisenan	c'i:		clothes	inheritance	*c'íh	Proto-Maiduan				Ultan 1964:362	simplex	also 'wear, cover, cover with blanket'		Uldall & Shipley 1966
Nivaclé		-siwɔklɔk ɬa-yeʔč; watˀuixatšiyis												See Language page
Northern Emberá	wáa	wáa												See Language page
Northern Paiute	sagwatza		clothing, possessions	unique						kwasu clothing, shirt, costumes 41	other complex			Yerington 1987
Northern Sierra Miwok	sok:e:7a-		clothes	unique						shok:e 'all' in Mics???	simplex	sok:e- things, everything		Callaghan 1987
Nyikina	palya			unique
Ocaina	an̈áánca ('ropa interior')	an:ã́ã́ka ('ropa interior')		inheritance										See Language page
Paraguayan Guaraní		ao												See Language page
Paresi	imiti	imiti		unknown										See Language page
Pemon	pon (A1981); pontoo (E1980)	pon (A1981); pɔnto (E1980)		inheritance										See Language page
Piapoco	bàlesi	bàlesi												See Language page
Piaroa	tɨk'ata'wE tiñɨ'ɨh	tɨkɁataɁwæ tiñɨɁɨh		unknown										See Language page
Pilagá		l-ewo												See Language page
Plains Miwok	haje7:a-, haje:7a		clothes	unique							other complex	haj:e- 'beside, near'		Callaghan 1984
Puinave	yui-ot	yui-ot		unique										See Language page
Pumé	tʰibo													See Language page
Páez	ati	ati												See Language page
Qawasqar		awelḳa											AgC, Sk, Bo, Ca, Ir record ac̷ec̷o for Central QWS.	See Language page
Quechua Ayacuchano	pacha	patʃa												See Language page
Resígaro	vedéemú	vedéemú		doubtful loan			Bora kwáxjamɯ							See Language page
Ritharrngu	gurluty			unique
Salinan A	sikara/na		clothes	unknown							simplex			Mason 1918
Salinan M	missing			missing
Sanapaná/Dialect Angaité		aktaɬnima												See Language page
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet		nentaɬnama; apaawa												See Language page
Secoya	ca	kã												See Language page
Selknam		ʔòli												See Language page
Seri (Comcaac)	xiica iti ooquim		clothing (cosas que el o ella se pone)	unknown							phrase			Moser & Marlett 2005
Serrano	havy7 (poss)		clothes	inheritance	*ha-pyt	Uto-Aztecan				Stubbs 2011 144; absolutive is -t, "blanket" in Merriam 48:173	other complex			K. Hill Dict.
Shipibo-Konibo		tari; sawɨ-ti; kotõ											Latter form is 'blusa'. Also čopa.	See Language page
Siona	can	kan		inheritance										See Language page
Sirionó	tiru; ei̯rao	tiru; ei̯rao		inheritance										See Language page
Southern Paiute	ma:vy, maa-fy		clothing (identical with ma:- thing)	unique						the "things, possessions' word; also naro7o-N (psd) clothes (582)	other complex			Sapir
Southern Pastaza Quechua	camisa (Spanish loan)	kamisa												See Language page
Southern Sierra Miwok	7yhty-j:a-		clothes	unique							other complex			Broadbent 1964
Southern Ute	taa7		shirt, clothes	inheritance	*tawa	Uto-Aztecan				Stubbs 2011 256	simplex			Givon
Suyá	kučé	kučé												See Language page
Sáliva	muãha, muña	muãʔa, muɲa		unknown										See Language page
Tacana		ehoď̶o-(h)i											Older man's dress is sa 'camiheta (Span. 'camisa')'; older woman's dress is ðiri 'tipoy'.	See Language page
Tanimuca	ha'riro a'ka	ha'riro a'ka		inheritance										See Language page
Tariana	yaɾu-maká-si	jaɾu-maká-si		inheritance										See Language page
Taushiro	a´nova	aʔnowa												See Language page
Tehuelche		'ḳāḳewtn											Refers to 'ropa de chulengo'.	See Language page
Tikuna	naxpü	naʔpɨ		unique										See Language page
Tiriyó	i-po	i-po		inheritance										See Language page
Toba		al-ogo												See Language page
Trinitario		-muiiʔo; -yeeruwo												See Language page
Trumai	mut	mut		unique										See Language page
Tukano	su'tí	su'tí		inheritance										See Language page
Tuyuka	su'ti	su'ti												See Language page
Tübatulabal	üttüsshal		clothes	inheritance	*wytta	Northern Uto-Aztecan				might be a loan from W. Numic, Stubbs 2011 253b; note Yawlmani Suto:sol 'shirt' Newman 109	other complex			K. Hill Tb>Eng
Tümpisa Shoshone	summo7a		clothes	unique							simplex			Dayley 1989
Urarina	kahjune	kahjune		unique										See Language page
Wai Wai	Φoono	Φoono		inheritance										See Language page
Walmajarri	kuluwuty			loan			English
Waorani	ba-dõ-ĩ-koo			unique										See Language page
Wapishana	kʰamičʰa-n	kʰamitʃʰa-n		loan			Spanish							See Language page
Wappo	may-khúy'e-ma		clothing	unknown							compound, derived			Elmendorf 1996
Wardaman	yiwarlng			unknown						dress, clothes
Wari	wom (also 'cotton') (Sousa2009)	wom (also 'cotton') (Sousa2009)												See Language page
Warrwa	balya			unique
Washo	7itwá7		clothes	unknown							derived	7it- instrument		Washo Project Dictionary
Waurá	-nai	-nai		unknown										See Language page
Wayampi	tɨlu	tɨlu		inheritance										See Language page
Wayana	upo	upo		inheritance										See Language page
Wayuu		ta-šeein												See Language page
Western Mono	natygyn		clothing, adornment	unique						Stubbs 489??	simplex	may have na-		Loether & Bethel 1993
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay		to-we'yis												See Language page
Wintu	t'aLas		clothes	inheritance	*t'aLa	Proto-Wintun				Shepherd 2006:183	derived			Schlichter 1981
Yagua	sujay	suxaj		unique										See Language page
Yaminahua		rapa-ti												See Language page
Yan-nhangu	girri'			semantic shift									‘things’
Yanomam	iɾo sikɨ	iɾo sikɨ		inheritance										See Language page
Yanomami	iro sikɨ	iɾo sikɨ		inheritance										See Language page
Yavapai	wívi		clothes	unknown							simplex			Shaterian 1983
Yavitero	nawa	nawa												See Language page
Yine		mka											Piro-Apuriná form is 'mãka.	See Language page
Yokuts Palewyami	missing			missing
Yokuts Yawdanchi	missing			missing
Yokuts Yawelmani	missing			missing						there is a word for 'belongings', find
Yuhup		jûd												See Language page
Yuki	7ačH (S)		clothes, clothing	inheritance	*7ač	Proto-North Yukian					simplex			Schllichter 1985
Yukpa	aropa (SM)	aropa (SM)												See Language page
Yukuna	a'arumakaji	aʔaɾumakahi		inheritance										See Language page
Yulparija	wararri			loan			areal
Záparo	shiiryapicha	ʃiːrjapiʧa												See Language page


Achagua
Aché
Aguaruna
Akawaio
Andoke
Apalai
Araona
Ashuar
Ayoreo
Baniwa
Bankalachi Toloim
Barasano
Bardi
Barí
Baure
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone
Bora
Bunuba
Burarra
Cahuilla
Candoshi-Shapra
Carapana
Carijona
Cavineña
Cayuvava
Central Aymara
Central Sierra Miwok
Cha'palaa
Chemehuevi
Chipaya
Chiriguano
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja
Chumash Barbareno
Chumash Ineseno
Chumash Obispeno
Chumash Ventureno
Chácobo
Cocopa
Cofán
Comanche
Cubeo
Cupeño
Desano
Dhangu
Dhuwal
Djeoromitxi
Djinang
Dâw
Epena
Ese Ejja
Ese Ejja/Huarayo
Esselen
Eñepa
Gabrielino
Gumatj
Gupapuyngu
Gurindji
Hodï
Huambisa
Hup
Ignaciano
Iipay 'Aa
Ingá
Iquito
Itonama
Jingulu
Kaingang
Kakataibo
Kakua
Kamayurá
Karajarri
Kariña
Karitiana
Katukina
Kawaiisu
Kiliwa
Kitanemuk
Kokama
Koreguaje
Kotiria
Lake Miwok
Lengua
Lokono
Luiseño
Maca
Macaguan
Maidu
Maihiki
Makiritare
Makuna
Makushi
Mapoyo
Mapudungun
Matses
Miriwung
Mocoví
Mojave
Mosetén-Chimané
Movima
Mudburra
Muinane
Murui Witoto
Mutsun
Máku
Nadëb/Roçado dialect
Napo Lowland Quichua
Ngarluma
Nheengatu
Ninam
Nisenan
Nivaclé
Northern Emberá
Northern Paiute
Northern Sierra Miwok
Nyikina
Ocaina
Paraguayan Guaraní
Paresi
Pemon
Piapoco
Piaroa
Pilagá
Plains Miwok
Puinave
Pumé
Páez
Qawasqar
Quechua Ayacuchano
Resígaro
Ritharrngu
Salinan A
Salinan M
Sanapaná/Dialect Angaité
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet
Secoya
Selknam
Seri (Comcaac)
Serrano
Shipibo-Konibo
Siona
Sirionó
Southern Paiute
Southern Pastaza Quechua
Southern Sierra Miwok
Southern Ute
Suyá
Sáliva
Tacana
Tanimuca
Tariana
Taushiro
Tehuelche
Tikuna
Tiriyó
Toba
Trinitario
Trumai
Tukano
Tuyuka
Tübatulabal
Tümpisa Shoshone
Urarina
Wai Wai
Walmajarri
Waorani
Wapishana
Wappo
Wardaman
Wari
Warrwa
Washo
Waurá
Wayampi
Wayana
Wayuu
Western Mono
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay
Wintu
Yagua
Yaminahua
Yan-nhangu
Yanomam
Yanomami
Yavapai
Yavitero
Yine
Yokuts Palewyami
Yokuts Yawdanchi
Yokuts Yawelmani
Yuhup
Yuki
Yukpa
Yukuna
Yulparija
Záparo

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