Hunter-Gatherer Language Database

cook food

Semantic Field: food
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish
Meaning Portuguese

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Language	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Proto-Form	Proto-Language	Loan Source	Wanderwort Status	Etyma Set	Etymology Notes	Word Structure	Word Structure Notes	General Notes	Source

Language	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Proto-Form	Proto-Language	Loan Source	Wanderwort Status	Etyma Set	Etymology Notes	Word Structure	Word Structure Notes	General Notes	Source
Akawaio	guibö			Unique										See Language page
Baniwa	dzána			Inheritance		Proto Rio Negro					Simplex			See Language page
Bankalachi Toloim	missing			missing
Bardi	-marra-			inheritance
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone	ku-hanni"		to cook, roast	unique							compound	fire-make		Crapo 1976
Bunuba	wupa-			inheritance
Burarra	wumbargudyama			unique
Cahuilla	sex		to cook (food in water)	inheritance	*soka	Takic				Stubbs 2011 525, might be loan from Lu, more likely just misheard	simplex	root		Seiler & Hioki 1979
Central Sierra Miwok	čy/:s, šy/:s-		to cook	unique							simplex			Freeland & Broadbent 1960
Chemehuevi	tygu7uni		cook	unique							derived	maybe X-fire-do?? Not 'food' with /kk/		Press 1979
Chumash Barbareno	7ipšel		to cook (Beeler 175 'cooked')	inheritance	*pSel	Proto-Chumashan					simplex			Klar 1977
Chumash Ineseno	s-7ipšel		to cook	inheritance	*pSel	Proto-Chumashan					simplex			Klar 1977
Chumash Obispeno	si-pšï		cook thoroughly, ripen	inheritance	*pSel	Proto-Chumashan				tskiwisi cosió, he cooked JPH 3,1,0140	derived			Klar 1977
Chumash Ventureno	7ipsïl		to cook	inheritance	*pSel	Proto-Chumashan					simplex			Klar 1977
Cocopa	nYawí: rar		work for (someone), be occupied with, be at work on, cook, prepare (food to eat)	inheritance	*wi	Proto-Yuman				Mixco 1978:84	derived			Crawford 1989
Comanche	kwasyty		cook	inheritance	*kwasi/aC	Uto-Aztecan				Stubbs 2011 421	simplex			Robinson & Armagost 1990
Cubeo	bóa-jɨ			Unique						Also: kĩkajɨ; xatɨójɨ	Simplex			See Language page
Cupeño	sexne		to cook	inheritance	*soka	Takic				Stubbs 2011 525, might be loan from Lu; sixne?	simplex	root		Hill & Nolasquez 1973
Desano	sora-ri			Unknown						Maybe cognate (or old loan?) Tanimuka	Simplex			See Language page
Dhangu	nha:ra			semantic shift
Dhay’yi	nhara			semantic shift
Dhuwal	ḻirrthan			inheritance
Djapu	batha_x001E_			inheritance
Djinang	rirrtyigi			inheritance
Dâw	xa			Unique							Simplex			See Language page
Esselen	missing			missing
Eñepa	ëʔmehka			Unknown						Maybe shared Makiritare. Alternate: awa, mëhka, aʔmaka				See Language page
Gabrielino	maynok kwa7i:vet		make food	unique							phrase			Hill Harrington notes
Gooniyandi	wup-			inheritance				WW	%wup	also wup(a) elswhere
Gumatj	dhaḻ'			CHECK
Gupapuyngu	lhirrma7yun			inheritance
Gurindji	kampa-			inheritance						wupkarra grill, fry			wupkarra grill, fry
Hodï	kã'mĩũnãĩ			Unique										See Language page
Hup	cɨw-			Inheritance		Proto-HY					Simplex			See Language page
Iipay 'Aa	wellyully		boils, cooks something	inheritance		Proto-Yuman				see Mojave 7alyuuly	simplex			Couro & Hutcheson 1973
Jaru	wumpum-			inheritance									tyangul not in dict
Jingulu	wumpum			inheritance
Karajarri	kampanpa			inheritance
Kariña	ỳmòka	ɨhmoɁka	boil, cook				Courtz 2007:434
Kawaiisu	kosi, kwasi		to cook, roast over coals	inheritance	*kwasi/aC	Uto-Aztecan				Stubbs 2011 421	simplex	root		Zigmond et al. 1990
Kija	kert			unique						coverb
Kiliwa	t-h+maa=kw+uu-y-tay		cook	inheritance	u:y < wi	Proto-Yuman				Mixco 1978:84	compound	food-make		Mixco 1985
Kitanemuk	kwahan		cook (VT)	inheritance	*kwasi/aC	Uto-Aztecan				Stubbs 2011 421	simplex	root		Anderton 1988
Kotiria	doʔá			inheritance		Proto-East Tukanoan					Simplex			See Language page
Lake Miwok	tonónka		to be done, to cook something	inheritance	*To:m-	Proto-Miwokan				Note Mins To:mu 'to boil over' (callaghan 1997:53; Callaghan 1965 notes Patwin tHó:no 'all burned up', tHóntàrò7 'to catch fire'	derived			Callaghan 1965
Lokono	bokan	bokan	cook ( a meal)											Pet 1987:354
Luiseño	qwa$o'i		to cook, make ripen	inheritance	*kwasi/aC	Uto-Aztecan				Stubbs 2011 421	simplex	root		Elliott 1999
Macaguan	tset			Unknown							Simplex			See Language page
Maidu	k'ápti		cook (things)	inheritance	*k'áp' 'ripe'	Proto-Maiduan				Ultan 1964:364	derived	k'âp 'ripe, get ripe, completely cooked, done		Shipley 1963
Maihiki	kuako-			inheritance		Proto-West Tukanoan					Simplex			See Language page
Makushi	rentɨ			Unknown						Maybe shared Pemon				See Language page
Mangala	tyayini mana			unique
Miriwung	wulthip			unique
Mojave	alyuuly=k		cook, boil	inheritance		Proto-Yuman				note Cocopa Lyu:mas 'pot'	simplex			Munro et al. 1992
Mudburra	kampa-			inheritance
Mutsun	missing			missing
Ngarluma	kampa			inheritance
Ngumbarl	wandumbala			unique
Nheengatu	memũi			Inheritance	*mimoin	Proto-Tupi-Guarani					Simplex			See Language page
Nimanburru	ma-loron			semantic shift									burn
Ninam	ɾɨpɨ			Inheritance		Proto-Yanomami				Alternate: lupu ma	Simplex			See Language page
Nisenan	tokis		cook (v., generic term)	unique							simplex			Uldall & Shipley 1966
Northern Paiute	sa7a		cook, boil, melt	inheritance	*sa7aC	Uto-Aztecan				Stubbs 2011 267	simplex			Yerington 1987
Northern Sierra Miwok	7okje-		to do, make, build, prepare, fix, cook	inheritance		Proto-Eastern Miwok				see Mip	simplex			Callaghan 1987
Nyangumarta	kukiman			loan			English
Nyikina	-marra-			inheritance
Nyulnyul	-marra-			inheritance
Pemon	tuma řintetok			Unknown						Maybe shared Makushi				See Language page
Plains Miwok	7okje-		to make, to cook	inheritance		Proto-Eastern Miwok				see Mins	simplex			Callaghan 1984
Resígaro	akú			Unknown							Simplex			See Language page
Ritharrngu	ruwam7bun			inheritance
Salinan A	atsatak (S)		cook, make food	unknown						also nep 'cook' 144, (p)eskona 'cook' 145	simplex			Mason 1918
Salinan M	nαp<		cook	unknown							simplex			Mason 1918
Seri (Comcaac)	camáma		cook	unknown							simplex			Moser & Marlett 2005
Serrano	kwahān		cook	inheritance	*kwasi/aC	Uto-Aztecan				Stubbs 2011 421	simplex	root		K. Hill Dict.
Sikuani	hawa			Unknown										See Language page
Southern Paiute	missing			missing
Southern Sierra Miwok	kosen-peH		cook	loan			Spanish	WW	%cocinar	also kuk-nY-	other complex	st.1		Broadbent 1964
Southern Ute	tyka-7ini-kH		to cook, lit. 'make food'	unique						another food-make word	compound, derived	food-make		Givon
Tariana	jána			Inheritance		Proto Rio Negro					Simplex			See Language page
Tukano	doʔá			inheritance		Proto-East Tukanoan				Also: daʔrâ baʔari tũku	Simplex			See Language page
Tübatulabal	tükkikūy'at		to cook	loan			Numic			kātsat 'cook by boiling'	other complex	foor-?		K. Hill Tb>Eng
Tümpisa Shoshone	tukummahannih		to cook	unique							compound	ty-do.with.fire-make		Dayley 1989
Walmajarri	kampa-			inheritance						cook/burn			cook/burn
Waorani	æ̃dõ			Unique										See Language page
Wapishana	warakʰa-n			Inheritance		Proto North Arawak					Simplex			See Language page
Wappo	k'ó-m'i7		to cook by boiling	unknown							compound			Elmendorf 1993
Wardaman	pa-			inheritance
Washo	dulé:k'ïl		to cook	unknown							unknown	almost certainly complex but I find no plausible formatives		Washo Project Dictionary
Western Mono	kumajaa-		to cook	unique							compound	with.heat-use.hands		Loether & Bethel 1993
Wintu	Loma		to cook	inheritance	*Lom-i/u	Proto-Wintun				Shepherd 2006:122	derived	base is Lom		Schlichter 1981
Yan-nhangu	rebamthun			inheritance
Yanomam	haɾi		cook in pot	Unknown							Simplex			See Language page
Yanomami	ɾɨpɨ-aɨ			Inheritance		Proto-Yanomami				Alternate: ɾɨpɨpɾaɨ	Simplex	aɨ looks like some sort of verbal marker		See Language page
Yavapai	nwī:ri		cook (sg.)	inheritance	*wi	Proto-Yuman				Mixco 1978:84	simplex			Shaterian 1983
Yawuru	-lurralurra-			inheritance
Yir-Yoront	wur		burn (vt)	inheritance	*wita	ppNy				Etymology (WD wita-) is underattested
Yokuts Palewyami	his'-tah		cooked (also means ripe)	inheritance		Proto-Yokutsan				see Yawel	derived			Merriam 44:481
Yokuts Yawdanchi	su-sah'-hah		cooked	unknown						hēs'-sah 'cooked' (Porterville Merriam 44:443)	derived	extra syllable; same word as 'ripe'		Merriam 44:343
Yokuts Yawelmani	hiSi		cook	inheritance	*hish-	Proto-Yokutsan				see Palew form	simplex			Golla 1964
Yuki	huy-		cook	inheritance	*huy	Proto-North Yukian				also hąwąy yu7 food make S&S 51	simplex			Schlichter 1985
Yukuna	motoʔokahe			Unknown							Derived	kahe 'type' - nominalizer?		See Language page
Yulparija	pawula			unique


Akawaio
Baniwa
Bankalachi Toloim
Bardi
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone
Bunuba
Burarra
Cahuilla
Central Sierra Miwok
Chemehuevi
Chumash Barbareno
Chumash Ineseno
Chumash Obispeno
Chumash Ventureno
Cocopa
Comanche
Cubeo
Cupeño
Desano
Dhangu
Dhay’yi
Dhuwal
Djapu
Djinang
Dâw
Esselen
Eñepa
Gabrielino
Gooniyandi
Gumatj
Gupapuyngu
Gurindji
Hodï
Hup
Iipay 'Aa
Jaru
Jingulu
Karajarri
Kariña
Kawaiisu
Kija
Kiliwa
Kitanemuk
Kotiria
Lake Miwok
Lokono
Luiseño
Macaguan
Maidu
Maihiki
Makushi
Mangala
Miriwung
Mojave
Mudburra
Mutsun
Ngarluma
Ngumbarl
Nheengatu
Nimanburru
Ninam
Nisenan
Northern Paiute
Northern Sierra Miwok
Nyangumarta
Nyikina
Nyulnyul
Pemon
Plains Miwok
Resígaro
Ritharrngu
Salinan A
Salinan M
Seri (Comcaac)
Serrano
Sikuani
Southern Paiute
Southern Sierra Miwok
Southern Ute
Tariana
Tukano
Tübatulabal
Tümpisa Shoshone
Walmajarri
Waorani
Wapishana
Wappo
Wardaman
Washo
Western Mono
Wintu
Yan-nhangu
Yanomam
Yanomami
Yavapai
Yawuru
Yir-Yoront
Yokuts Palewyami
Yokuts Yawdanchi
Yokuts Yawelmani
Yuki
Yukuna
Yulparija

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