Hunter-Gatherer Language Database

firewood

Semantic Field: other
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish: leña
Meaning Portuguese: lenha

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Language	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Proto-Form	Proto-Language	Loan Source	Wanderwort Status	Etyma Set	Etymology Notes	Word Structure	Word Structure Notes	General Notes	Source

Language	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Proto-Form	Proto-Language	Loan Source	Etymology Notes	Word Structure	Word Structure Notes	General Notes	Source
Achagua	tʃitʃába	tʃitʃába		inheritance			prob. rel. 'fire'					See Language page
Aché		čãkã		unknown								See Language page
Aguaruna	chígkim	tʃíngkim		inheritance								See Language page
Akawaio	abok kemee	abɔk kɛme		inheritance		Venezuelan (N. Amazonian) subgroup			Other complex	abɔk=fire; kɛme= ??		See Language page
Apalai	apotoimo, ipokony	apotoimo, ipokonɨ		inheritance								See Language page
Araona		kʷa-ti									Also means 'fire' 01.810. Tacn form is ka-ti.	See Language page
Ashuar	chúpum, chápum	ʧupum, ʧapum										See Language page
Ayoreo		eero-'godeʔ										See Language page
Baniwa	ttidzéena	t̪idzéena		inheritance		Proto North Arawak			Derived	t̪idzée “fire”,		See Language page
Bankalachi Toloim	ko'-too gut		firewood	inheritance	*kut-ta	Northern Uto-Azteca		Stubbs 2011 2408	other complex			Merriam 49:185
Barasano	hea	hea										See Language page
Bardi	nuurru			semantic shift
Bará		pe'ka										See Language page
Barí		kaa									Also means 'tree/wood' 01.420. Colombia: kããnə. Chibchan form is 'buʔ.	See Language page
Baure	ya'kis	ja'kis		unknown								See Language page
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone	kuna"		wood, firewood, burning wood	inheritance	*kunnaC	Numic		Stubbs 2011 884	simplex			Crapo 1976
Bora	kʰoʔ-pa, kʰoó-kwa, kʰó-kʷaxkʰa, kʰó-βïḯrï	kʰoʔ-pa, kʰoó-kwa, kʰó-kʷaxkʰa, kʰó-βɯɯ́rɯ		inheritance								See Language page
Bunuba	winthali			unique
Cahuilla	kelawat		wood; woods; tree	inheritance	*kutawi	Northern Uto-Azteca		Stubbs 2011 2409a	other complex			Seiler & Hioki 1979
Candoshi-Shapra	sorama	soɾama		unique								See Language page
Carapana	naorõ, naurõ (tortoa de mandioca); 'pee (H&R)	nãoɾɔ̃, nãuɾɔ̃										See Language page
Carijona	wewe (wood, tree) M2000			inheritance								See Language page
Cavineña	kʷa-ti	kʷa-ti		inheritance								See Language page
Cayuvava		'bisi; ɨ̃kæ										See Language page
Central Aymara	lawa	pʰaya-ɲa-lawa										See Language page
Central Sierra Miwok	šy/š:y-		wood	inheritance	*şyş:-y-	Proto-Sierra Miwok		Callaghan 1971:31; maybe Yok-Utian Callaghan 1997:59	simplex			Freeland & Broadbent 1960
Cha'palaa		te									Cf. 'tree stump' 08.720.	See Language page
Chemehuevi	kukwarI		wood, palo, leña	unknown	*kukkwaC			Stubbs 2011 2410 S. Numic only	other complex			Harrington Chemehuevi Noun List (K. Hill 1969)
Chipaya		ṣ̌up									Cf. 'pole' 07.560. Uru-J form is para.	See Language page
Chiriguano		ye-pe-a		inheritance								See Language page
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja		-xoxpat ~ -oxpat										See Language page
Chumash Barbareno	7aqtïp'i7		firewood	inheritance					derived	aqtïp 'to make fire'		Wash 2001
Chumash Ineseno	sapiwil'e7		kindling, firewood	inheritance		Proto-Central Chumash		also pon' 'tree, stick, wood' e.g. wood on p. 299; note B. sapiyiw 'red-hot coal', sapixi 'kindle'	derived	su+api+wil=7i7		Applegate 1972
Chumash Obispeno	pono7		wood, tree, stick	inheritance	*pono	Proto-Chumashan		tu-pâ'-na-ti-na (Henshaw) 'firewood'; Fages had tuxugo 'la leña', but R.C. insisted pono7 was only word	simplex			Klar 1977
Chumash Ventureno	pon'		wood, tree, stick	inheritance	*pono	Proto-Chumashan		Merriam confirms 39:19	simplex			Klar 1977
Chácobo	karo	karo		inheritance								See Language page
Cocopa	7i:		wood	inheritance		Proto-Yuman		JHH	simplex			Crawford 1989
Cofán	si´tsi	siʔtsi									phonemic transcriptions are ESTIMATIONS	See Language page
Comanche	kunaA		firewood	inheritance	*kunnaC	Numic		Stubbs 2011 884	simplex			Robinson & Armagost 1990
Cubeo	peca; pecave	peka; pekave		inheritance		Proto-Tukanoan				Classifier -vɛ		See Language page
Cuiva		isó- (CM72)										See Language page
Cupeño	kelawet		firewood, stick	inheritance	*kutawi	Northern Uto-Azteca		Stubbs 2011 2409a	other complex			Hill & Nolasquez 1973
Desano	pea	pea		inheritance		Proto-Tukanoan		Also: gũmu 'log'	Simplex			See Language page
Djeoromitxi	pitxerakü	pitʃerakø										See Language page
Djinang	dyuŋgi			inheritance							with semantic shift fire <> firewood
Dâw	beedur	bæduh		inheritance		Proto-DYH		Compare Puinave du; Kakua tʉ̃̂	Simplex			See Language page
Epena		'tʰɨpɨ									Also means 'fire' 01.810.	See Language page
Ese Ejja		kʷa-ki, eši		inheritance								See Language page
Ese Ejja/Huarayo	kwaki	kwaki										See Language page
Esselen	i7i		wood	unknown					simplex			Shaul 1995
Eñepa	wahto	wahtɔ		inheritance		Proto-Carib						See Language page
Gabrielino	kuta:		leña, trees	inheritance	*kutawi	Northern Uto-Azteca		Stubbs 2011 2409a	other complex			Hill Harrington notes 546
Gajirrabeng	wutya			inheritance				fire, wood inseparable prefix
Gooniyandi	wayanti			unique				fire
Guayabero	hĩ (R18)	ʔi		unknown				Also: hĩ (Rivet 1918)	Simplex			See Language page
Gupapuyngu	dha:dhi(y)			unique
Gurindji	warlu			inheritance
Hodï	kule	ʰkule bo		unique				Also: kule	Other complex	ʰkule 'fire'; bo 'log, wood'?		See Language page
Huambisa	chigkim	tʃiŋgkim										See Language page
Hup	těg	těg		inheritance		Proto-Nadahup			Simplex			See Language page
Ignaciano		'nereruka; ti'ahiki										See Language page
Iipay 'Aa	7ily		wood, stick, tree	inheritance		Proto-Yuman		JHH	simplex			Couro & Hutcheson 1973
Ingá	iamta	iamta										See Language page
Iquito	járaqui	háraki		unique								See Language page
Itonama		u-bari									Same as 'fire' 01.810.	See Language page
Jaru	yityartkarru			semantic shift				<fire
Jingulu	pupa			unknown				fire
Kaingang	pĩ	pĩ										See Language page
Kakataibo		karo									Panoan ka[a]ro.	See Language page
Kakua	tɨ̀-kɨt	tʉ̃̂; tɨ̀-kɨt		inheritance					Compound	fire-clːtree.log		See Language page
Kamayurá	jepeˀap	jepeˀap		inheritance								See Language page
Karajarri	tyuŋku			loan			Nyulnyulan
Kariña	ja'ty	jaʔtɨ	firewood				Yamada 2010:744
Karitiana	sõg	sõg		unknown								See Language page
Katukina		karo										See Language page
Kawaiisu	missing			missing
Kija	marne			inheritance				marne
Kiliwa	7+ipa7		firewood, stick, wood, lumber	unknown				does this reflect PY *ii7??	derived			Mixco 1985
Kitanemuk	kuča-t		stick, pole, firewood	inheritance	*kutawi	Northern Uto-Azteca		Stubbs 2011 2409a	other complex			Anderton 1988
Kokama	ipia	ipia		inheritance								See Language page
Koreguaje	jẽka	xẽkha		inheritance								See Language page
Kotiria	picha (Waltz)	piʧa (Waltz)		inheritance		Proto-Tukanoan			Simplex			See Language page
Kwazá	hi, hitsu, dodoja- (dodoja- specifically means "cut firewood")	hi, hitsu, dodoja- (dodoja- specifically means "cut firewood")										See Language page
Lake Miwok	wikíitumaj		firewood	inheritance	*túmaj	Proto-Miwok		Callaghan 1970:75 and first part from Pmi *wyké- 'fire'?	compound	wíki 'fire'		Callaghan 1965
Lengua		yant-apuk										See Language page
Lokono	ikhi-khodo	ikʰi-kʰodo	firewood									Pet 1987:357
Luiseño	kulaawut		wood, sticks, etc.	inheritance	*kutawi	Northern Uto-Azteca		Stubbs 2011 2409a	other complex			Eliott 1999
Maca		naxak (m.)									Same as 'wood' 01.430.	See Language page
Macaguan	isó-t	isó-t		inheritance					Simplex			See Language page
Maidu	c'á		tree, wood, stik of wood	inheritance	*c'áh	Proto-Maiduan		Ultan 1964:362	simplex			Shipley 1963
Maihiki	jeca ja	xeka xã		inheritance		Proto-Tukanoan			Simplex			See Language page
Makiritare	-keme-dɨ (IDS)	-keme-dɨ		inheritance								See Language page
Makuna	jea	xɛa		inheritance								See Language page
Makushi	apoʔ-keme (SIL)	apoʔ-keme (SIL)		inheritance		Venezuelan (N. Amazonian) subgroup						See Language page
Mangala	murimuri			loan direction unknown			Yulparija
Mapudungun		mamɨlʸ									Same form in Ranquel.	See Language page
Matses	cuëte	kuɨte		inheritance								See Language page
Minica Witoto	ré.ï.e, ré.ï-ïe	rέ.ɯ.ɛ, rέ.ɯ-ɯɛ										See Language page
Miriwung	katyawulang			unique				fire, firewood
Mocoví		ḳoʔpaḳ									Masc. form; same as 'wood' 01.430.	See Language page
Mojave	7a7ii		wood, firewood	inheritance		Proto-Yuman		JHH	simplex			Munro et al. 1992
Mosetén-Chimané		'c̷ih									Same as 'fire' 01.810.	See Language page
Movima	coˈo	koˈo										See Language page
Mudburra	warlu			inheritance
Muinane	kúúxo-ʔo {firewood-wood}	kúúxo-ʔo {firewood-wood}										See Language page
Muisca	ja	γa										See Language page
Murui Witoto	re.ï-ai	rɛ.ɯ-ai		unique								See Language page
Mutsun	tappur		wood	unknown					simplex			Okrand 1977
Nadëb/Roçado dialect		tɤːk̚		inheritance								See Language page
Napo Lowland Quichua	yanda	janda										See Language page
Ngarluma	thama			doubtful inheritance
Nheengatu	yepeawa	jepeawa		inheritance				Mello 2000 gives 'japeawa' as reflex of protoform *japeaßa	Simplex			See Language page
Ninam	thalukuk	tʰalukuk		inheritance		Proto-Yanomami/Yanomam			Simplex			See Language page
Nisenan	c'a, c'a:		tree, wood, stick	inheritance	*c'áh	Proto-Maiduan		Ultan 1964:362	simplex			Uldall & Shipley 1966
Nivaclé		wat-kaxuy										See Language page
Northern Emberá	tɨbʉ onokó	tɨbʉ onokó										See Language page
Northern Paiute	koona		firewood	inheritance	*kunnaC	Numic		Stubbs 2011 884	simplex			Yerington 1987
Northern Sierra Miwok	sys:y-		wood; firewood	inheritance	*şyş:-y-	Proto-Sierra Miwok		Callaghan 1971:31; maybe Yok-Utian Callaghan 1997:59	simplex			Callaghan 1987
Nukak		tɨa		inheritance								See Language page
Nyangumarta	wika			unique
Nyikina	tyuŋku; ŋumal			inheritance
Nyulnyul	jungku			doubtful loan
Nɨpode Witoto	ré.ï-ïe	rέɯ-ɯɛ										See Language page
Ocaina	dyam̈oon,dyam̈oonjun	dʲam̵õõ, dʲamõõhɯ̃		unique								See Language page
Pacahuara		'kařo									d'Orb karu. Arm caru, karu.	See Language page
Paraguayan Guaraní		ǰepeʔa										See Language page
Paresi	moitsati	mujtsati		unknown								See Language page
Pemon	apok, keme, werke (A1981)	apok, keme, weɾke (A1981)		inheritance		Venezuelan (N. Amazonian) subgroup		Alternate: apok, weɾke				See Language page
Piapoco	kitʃái, àicu míisíiri (àicu 'wood', míisíiri 'ripe, dry?')	kitʃái, àiku mí:sí:ɾi										See Language page
Piaroa	mɨ'	mɨɁ		unknown								See Language page
Pilagá		'd-oleʔ l-asek									Lit. 'prefix-fire 3pp-fuel'.	See Language page
Plains Miwok	tumaj		wood, stalk, stick	inheritance	*tumaj	Proto-Miwok		Callaghan 1971:28	simplex			Callaghan 1984
Puinave	du	du		unique			cf. Nadahup					See Language page
Pumé	kʰõdo											See Language page
Páez	equí	ekí										See Language page
Qawasqar		afc̷ˀar									Also means 'fire'. Sk, Bo, Cy, Li, Gui record kakas for Central QWS. SpS records afsar for South QWS.	See Language page
Quechua Ayacuchano	yanta	yanta										See Language page
Rembarrnga	pal-na			loan direction unknown			Ritharrngu
Resígaro	itsítsó	itsítsó		inheritance		Proto North Arawak		donor for Cofan siʔtsi?	Simplex			See Language page
Ritharrngu	ba:l			loan direction unknown			Rembarrnga
Salinan A	Ta:/ka'at<	Tá:k'ata Turner p. 70, 101	wood	unknown		Proto-Salinan			other complex			Mason 1918
Salinan M	Ta:/kaTa		wood	unknown		Proto-Salinan			other complex			Mason 1918
Sanapaná/Dialect Angaité		yintapa										See Language page
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet		aɬpoŋha										See Language page
Sanumá	thalõkõ	thalõkõ		inheritance								See Language page
Secoya	jeca	hɛka										See Language page
Selknam		xàhwḳˀ										See Language page
Seri (Comcaac)	haquéjöc		firewood	unknown					compound	?? Does this have 'fire'?		Moser & Marlett 2005
Serrano	kuçāt		firewood	inheritance	*kutawi	Northern Uto-Azteca		Stubbs 2011 2409a; S. thinks this is 2408 but loss of w is regular	other complex
Shipibo-Konibo		karo										See Language page
Sikuani	íso (CM72)			inheritance								See Language page
Siona	enca, jenca	enka, henka		inheritance								See Language page
Siriano	peá	peá										See Language page
Sirionó	ɲea	ɲea		inheritance?								See Language page
Southern Paiute	quqqwappI		wood	unknown	*kukkwaC			Stubbs 2011 2410 S. Numic only	other complex			Sapir
Southern Pastaza Quechua	yanda	janda										See Language page
Southern Sierra Miwok	hyh:y-		wood	inheritance	*şyş:-y-	Proto-Sierra Miwok		Callaghan 1971:31; maybe Yok-Utian Callaghan 1997:59	simplex			Broadbent 1964
Southern Ute	kUkwa-pY		firewood	unknown	*kukkwaC			Stubbs 2011 2410 S. Numic only	other complex			Givon
Suyá	ywĩ-ŋró	jwĩ-ŋró										See Language page
Tacana		kʷati										See Language page
Tanimuca	pe'ka	pe'ka		inheritance								See Language page
Tariana	tsié[e]	tsié[e]		inheritance		Proto North Arawak	from 'fire'		Simplex			See Language page
Tatuyo	pee	pee										See Language page
Taushiro	honto´	hontoʔ										See Language page
Tehuelche		'yēnoy; 'kˀāk										See Language page
Tikuna	ê-ê (Alv44)	ɨʔɨ		unique								See Language page
Toba		nodek l-asoḳ; l-ašik									nodek is 'fire'; -asoḳ/-ašik mean 'fuel'.	See Language page
Trinitario		tohɣeru									To make firewood is -neriko.	See Language page
Trumai	tsipup	tsipup		doubtful loan			Kamaiura jepeʔap					See Language page
Tukano	pekâ	pekâ		inheritance		Proto-Tukanoan			Simplex			See Language page
Tuyuka	pe'ka	pe'ka										See Language page
Tübatulabal	kuttukatt		firewood	inheritance	*kut-ta	Northern Uto-Azteca		Stubbs 2011 2408	other complex			K. Hill Tb>Eng
Tümpisa Shoshone	kunna"		firewood, fire, firedrill, matches, something to burn	inheritance	*kunnaC	Numic		Stubbs 2011 884	simplex			Dayley 1989
Urarina	fwei	fwei		unique								See Language page
Wai Wai	o-wehto-rɨ	o-wehto-rɨ		inheritance								See Language page
Waikhana	pe'ka	pe'ka										See Language page
Waimaja	ᵽekʰá yukʰì	ɸekʰá jukʰì										See Language page
Waimiri Atroari	wiwe	wiwi										See Language page
Walmajarri	warlu			inheritance				warlu lalka - dry firewood			warlu lalka - dry firewood
Waorani	tẽdẽ-wæ̃			unique								See Language page
Wapishana	ẓuwaakʰarɨ	ẓuwaakʰarɨ		inheritance		Proto North Arawak						See Language page
Wappo	hélhol		firewood	inheritance		Proto-Yukian			compound	fire-wood		Sawyer 1965
Wari	tʃe (fire, wood) (Sousa2009)	tʃe (fire, wood) (Sousa2009)										See Language page
Warrwa	kungka: jungku			inheritance
Washo	má7ak/g		wood	unknown					simplex			Washo Project Dictionary
Waurá	ic̷ei-c̷iwi	i¢ei-¢iwi		inheritance								See Language page
Wayampi	yapɛʔa	japɛʔa		inheritance								See Language page
Wayana	wewe	wewe		inheritance								See Language page
Wayuu		siki									Also means 'fire' 01.810.	See Language page
Western Mono	kUna		wood	inheritance	*kunnaC	Numic		Stubbs 2011 884	simplex			Loether & Bethel 1993
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay		-'ɬet										See Language page
Wintu	č'u:s		wood, stick, club, log	inheritance	*č'us	Proto-Wintun		Shepherd 2006:83	simplex			Schlichter 1981
Yabarana		wah'to										See Language page
Yagua	jipu	xipu		unique								See Language page
Yaminahua		karo										See Language page
Yanomam	kõã ãʃo	kõã ãʃo		inheritance		Proto-Yanomami/Yanomam			Compound	koa, “fire”; ãšo “unclear”		See Language page
Yanomami	kõã ãsho	kõã ãʃo		inheritance		Proto-Yanomami/Yanomam			Compound	kõã, “fire”		See Language page
Yavapai	77í:tqWātča		firewood	inheritance		Proto-Yuman		JHH	compound	77i: 'wood', tqwātči 'they light'		Shaterian 1983
Yavitero	ka(ɬi) (dp91), kaľ̥i	ka(ɬi) (dp91), kaľ̥i										See Language page
Yawuru	jungku; nimilkarr; rikarri			inheritance
Yine		čiči; hičima										See Language page
Yir-Yoront	thum		fire, firewood	inheritance	*cuma	pPaman		Cognates meaning 'smoke' at least as far away as Gumbainggir; poss. also Pilbara thama 'fire'
Yokuts Palewyami	7etis		wood	inheritance		Proto-Yokutsan		see Yd, Yw forms	derived			Gamble 1991
Yokuts Yawdanchi	hitec	c=sh	wood	inheritance		Proto-Nim-Yokuts		hidesh in Chaw? Gash? In Newman before p. 134, search; Harrington has Yawl hit'es 'post, leña' 2,97,0009	derived	truncated verbal noun		Kroeber 1907
Yokuts Yawelmani	hides		wood (for fire)	inheritance		Proto-Nim-Yokuts		hidesh in Chaw? Gash? In Newman before p. 134, search; Harrington has Yawl hit'es 'post, leña' 2,97,0009	derived	this is verbal noun derived by truncation; hide:s 'gahter wood' (where is 'root', not proto) Newman 154		Newman 1944
Yuhup		dˀuh										See Language page
Yuki	7al		wood, stick	inheritance	*7al	Proto-Yukian		Reconstruction is PNY; also 7al yi:kul' wood fire.instrument S&S 83	simplex			Schlichter 1985
Yukpa	ueta	ueta										See Language page
Yukuna	siyá, jiyá	sija, hijá		inheritance		Proto Central North Arawak	from 'fire'	Also: hijá	Simplex			See Language page
Yulparija	waru			inheritance
Yuruti	pe'ká	pe'ká										See Language page
Záparo	ayshawka	ajʃawka										See Language page


Achagua
Aché
Aguaruna
Akawaio
Apalai
Araona
Ashuar
Ayoreo
Baniwa
Bankalachi Toloim
Barasano
Bardi
Bará
Barí
Baure
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone
Bora
Bunuba
Cahuilla
Candoshi-Shapra
Carapana
Carijona
Cavineña
Cayuvava
Central Aymara
Central Sierra Miwok
Cha'palaa
Chemehuevi
Chipaya
Chiriguano
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja
Chumash Barbareno
Chumash Ineseno
Chumash Obispeno
Chumash Ventureno
Chácobo
Cocopa
Cofán
Comanche
Cubeo
Cuiva
Cupeño
Desano
Djeoromitxi
Djinang
Dâw
Epena
Ese Ejja
Ese Ejja/Huarayo
Esselen
Eñepa
Gabrielino
Gajirrabeng
Gooniyandi
Guayabero
Gupapuyngu
Gurindji
Hodï
Huambisa
Hup
Ignaciano
Iipay 'Aa
Ingá
Iquito
Itonama
Jaru
Jingulu
Kaingang
Kakataibo
Kakua
Kamayurá
Karajarri
Kariña
Karitiana
Katukina
Kawaiisu
Kija
Kiliwa
Kitanemuk
Kokama
Koreguaje
Kotiria
Kwazá
Lake Miwok
Lengua
Lokono
Luiseño
Maca
Macaguan
Maidu
Maihiki
Makiritare
Makuna
Makushi
Mangala
Mapudungun
Matses
Minica Witoto
Miriwung
Mocoví
Mojave
Mosetén-Chimané
Movima
Mudburra
Muinane
Muisca
Murui Witoto
Mutsun
Nadëb/Roçado dialect
Napo Lowland Quichua
Ngarluma
Nheengatu
Ninam
Nisenan
Nivaclé
Northern Emberá
Northern Paiute
Northern Sierra Miwok
Nukak
Nyangumarta
Nyikina
Nyulnyul
Nɨpode Witoto
Ocaina
Pacahuara
Paraguayan Guaraní
Paresi
Pemon
Piapoco
Piaroa
Pilagá
Plains Miwok
Puinave
Pumé
Páez
Qawasqar
Quechua Ayacuchano
Rembarrnga
Resígaro
Ritharrngu
Salinan A
Salinan M
Sanapaná/Dialect Angaité
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet
Sanumá
Secoya
Selknam
Seri (Comcaac)
Serrano
Shipibo-Konibo
Sikuani
Siona
Siriano
Sirionó
Southern Paiute
Southern Pastaza Quechua
Southern Sierra Miwok
Southern Ute
Suyá
Tacana
Tanimuca
Tariana
Tatuyo
Taushiro
Tehuelche
Tikuna
Toba
Trinitario
Trumai
Tukano
Tuyuka
Tübatulabal
Tümpisa Shoshone
Urarina
Wai Wai
Waikhana
Waimaja
Waimiri Atroari
Walmajarri
Waorani
Wapishana
Wappo
Wari
Warrwa
Washo
Waurá
Wayampi
Wayana
Wayuu
Western Mono
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay
Wintu
Yabarana
Yagua
Yaminahua
Yanomam
Yanomami
Yavapai
Yavitero
Yawuru
Yine
Yir-Yoront
Yokuts Palewyami
Yokuts Yawdanchi
Yokuts Yawelmani
Yuhup
Yuki
Yukpa
Yukuna
Yulparija
Yuruti
Záparo

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