Languages of hunter-gatherers and their neighbors

hunt

Semantic Field
food
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish
cazar
Meaning Portuguese
caçar

Languages

Language Orthographic Form Phonemicized Form Gloss as in Source Etymology Code Proto-Form Proto-Language Loan Source Wanderwort Status Etyma Set Etymology Notes Word Structure Word Structure Notes General Notes Source
Cahuilla amu to hunt inheritance *7amu Uto-Aztecan Stubbs 2011 1233 simplex root Seiler & Hioki 1979
Cupeño amu to hunt inheritance *7amu Uto-Aztecan Stubbs 2011 1233 simplex root Hill & Nolasquez 1973
Luiseño aamo to hunt inheritance *7amu Uto-Aztecan Stubbs 2011 1233 simplex root Elliott 1999
Gabrielino missing missing
Serrano hyiñ to hunt inheritance *hya Northern Uto-Aztecan Hill/Miller hy-06 simplex root K. Hill Dict.
Kitanemuk hüyn hunt, go hunting for inheritance *hya Northern Uto-Aztecan Hill/Miller hy-06 simplex root Anderton 1988
Tübatulabal tohhat to hunt loan Numic Stubbs 2011 1235 other complex K. Hilll Tb>Eng
Bankalachi Toloim missing missing
Kawaiisu hookwi (sg), tynaha (pl) to hunt inheritance *tynna Uto-Aztecan Stubbs 2011 1014 simplex tyna 'pursue' Zigmond et al. 1990
Chemehuevi jahi (sg), tyna (pl) hunt inheritance *tynna Uto-Aztecan Stubbs 2011 1014; *yahi is only S. Numic Stubbs 2011 1239 simplex Press 1979
Southern Paiute ngwai-N, jai-N, tynna- (plur) root to hunt inheritance *tynna Numic Stubbs 2011 1014 *yahi Stubbs 2011 1239 is only S. Numic (looks like the *ya7i 'run' word to me, though) simplex Sapir
Southern Ute tynaaj hunt inheritance *tynna Uto-Aztecan Stubbs 2011 1014 simplex note, sg. & pl. Givon
Tümpisa Shoshone wasywykki hunt (for) unknown root is *wasywy, can't find derived Dayley 1989
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone tykai" to hunt unknown ty- plus probably a 'walk around' word *ka7i; Stubbs 2011 puts this with 1235 *tyho, seems a serious stretch simplex Crapo 1976
Comanche tyhoity hunt game inheritance *tyho Numic Stubbs 2011 1235 simplex R
Western Mono qoinywi- to hunt unique *ko7ya (Stubbs 2011 1190, plus *nymy 'walk'; also toja-nywi 'mountain-stroll' 239 compound kill-walk Loether & Bethel 1993
Northern Paiute koemeakwu hunting (vt) unique li,e W. Mono, has 'kill', with maybe *mi 'go'?? What is -kwy? compound kill -? Yerington 1987
Southern Sierra Miwok hal-ki- to hunt unique maybe has Pmie *hal 'to sneak up on" other complex Broadbent 1964
Central Sierra Miwok lém-ngi- to hunt unique also hót-šu-, wyn-ty- other complex Freeland & Broadbent 1960
Northern Sierra Miwok wynty- to hunt inheritance *wy:ny- 'to walk' Proto-Utian Utian: Callaghan 1997:27 (showing the pMis reconstruction only) simplex wy:ny- 'to walk' Callaghan 1987
Plains Miwok paju:p-u- to hunt (vt, vi) inheritance Proto-Eastern Miwok see paj 'arrow' word in Miss other complex Callaghan 1984
Lake Miwok 7ónah to hunt or fish, go on a long hunt, stalk, hunting, a hunt unique This looks like pMis *wy:ny 'to walk' and the Utian forms in Callaghan 1997:27 simplex Callaghan 1965
Maidu hûn hunt inheritance Proto-Maiduan JHH simplex Shipley 1963
Nisenan hun, hunmo hunt inheritance Proto-Maiduan JHH simplex Uldall & Shipley 1966
Yokuts Yawelmani hoy'-le: hunt inheritance *xoy- Proto-Nim-Yokuts derived xoy 'deer' Golla 1964
Yokuts Yawdanchi tcok, t:ok hunt, hit unknown simplex t:ok- 'hit' 223 Kroeber 1907
Yokuts Palewyami missing missing
Washo t'á:Yaŋ to hunt unknown simplex Washo Project Dictionary
Wintu k'oduma to hunt inheritance *k'od 'move in a direction' Proto-Wintun Shepherd 2006:110 derived Schlichter 1981
Yuki hút'óp to hunt, fish, look for unknown derived Sawyer & Schlichter 1984
Wappo ho-léw'-i7 to hunt unknown compound Elmendorf 1993
Mutsun payta to hunt (Mason 1916:435 'hunt (geese)', hunt deer is on-ome p.434 unknown simplex Okrand 1977
Esselen missing missing
Salinan A a:mT<e hunt unknown Proto-Salinan derived a:m is probaby 'food' Mason 1918
Salinan M a'mTi' hunt unknown Proto-Salinan derived
Chumash Obispeno tuquelequetai vamos a cazar unknown copy of Fages derived Harrington
Chumash Ineseno wïl to hunt (in 'hunter') inheritance *wïl Proto-Central Chumash also xuniyïw 'to hunt, look for' < xul-ni-yïw p. 357 derived wï 'deer' +-l 'an archaic derivational suffix' Applegate 1972
Chumash Barbareno huniyiw hunt unknown also wïl 'shoot, go hunting' Beeler 1978:187 derived Beeler 1978
Chumash Ventureno 7ut7aw to hunt unknown w derived Mamet 2008
Iipay 'Aa wenyay hunts inheritance Delta-Californian simplex Couro & Hutcheson 1973
Cocopa nYay hunt, search or look for inheritance Delta-Californian simplex Crawford 1989
Mojave anyii= hunt, fight unknown might be cognate w/ Yavapai word simplex Munro et al. 1992
Yavapai 7č...ñé hunt (for something) derived Shaterian 1983
Kiliwa h-7=kwir-u hunt unknown derived x+kwiir make a turn Mixco 1985
Seri (Comcaac) quimjö go hunting for certain animal unknown there are a lot of words for different kinds of hunting simplex Moser & Marlett 2005
Kakua tɨh tɨh unknown Simplex See Language page
Nheengatu kasai (C11) kasai (C11) doubtful loan Portuguese Simplex See Language page
Waorani õõ-kæ-te (hunting with a blow gun) hunting with a blowgun See Language page
Hodï kulunge'da unique Simplex See Language page
Yanomami ramɨ huu (individual, daily trip), henimou (collective, longer trip) ɾamɨ hu:, henimou inheritance Proto-Yanomamo Alternate: henimou Simplex See Language page
Yanomam rame fu (EM72) ɾame fu (EM72) inheritance Proto-Yanomamo Other complex unclear See Language page
Ninam hete; peli; šoa, ram hɨ (EM72) hete; peli; ʃoa, ɾam hɨ unique Alternate: peli; šoa Simplex See Language page
Kotiria bʉe (hunt with arrows) bʉe (hunt with arrows) hunt with arrows inheritance Simplex See Language page
Cubeo ãima boayʉ́: ãimacʉ ãima boajɨ́: ãimakɨ unknown But similar complex forms calqued? see e.g. Hup 'animal-kill' Phrase animal-kill' See Language page
Tukano desû, nɨrɨˊ desû, nɨrɨʔ unknown Also: nɨrɨˊ Simplex See Language page
Desano waimʉrã waimɯrã unique Probably calqued in region Compound wai 'animal, fish' See Language page
Maihiki baí, jasoyi (1st person singular) bai, xasoji unique Phrase animal shoot See Language page
Hup hũ mæh- hũ mæh- unique Phrase game kill See Language page
Dâw suúk ʃǔk unique Simplex See Language page
Sikuani jina (2) (also means to fish), kajaita (2)(to go out hunting) jina (2) (also means to fish), kajaita (2)(to go out hunting) unique See Language page
Macaguan wétap, wétbi- wétap, wétbi- unique Simplex See Language page
Guayabero wɨlwek unique Simplex See Language page
Pemon wonun (A1981); wontïmang peknö (E1977); awonnö (M2000) wonun (A1981); wɔntïmaŋ pɛknö (E1977) Inheritance Pemongan subgroup Alternate: wɔntïmaŋ pɛknö See Language page
Akawaio ondïmang (E1977) ɔndïmaŋ (E1977) inheritance Pemongan subgroup See Language page
Makushi woʔna (SM) woʔna (SM) inheritance Pemongan subgroup See Language page
Eñepa ataraama- ataraama- unknown Likely cognate Pemongan branch See Language page
Tariana di-wíni 'caça' di-wíni 'caça' inheritance Proto Rio Negro Derived? di- is 3rd non-feminine marker See Language page
Wapishana tʰiwaapʰa-n; waatʰapʰa-n tʰiwaapʰa-n; waatʰapʰa-n unknown Simplex -n is verbal marker ("infinitival?") See Language page
Baniwa -winíta 'caçar, pescar' -winíta 'caçar, pescar' inheritance Proto Rio Negro Derived wíni seems to have some general meaning related to hunting (see also entry for “blowgun”) See Language page
Resígaro #NAME? -min̥ápaví unknown Simplex See Language page
Yir-Yoront kurr=tha forage; hunt, gather unique With tha 'go up'
Gumatj bar'parmarama semantic shift
Yawuru benjan unique
Djinang gurrpi-gi unique
Warrwa ilay unique
Mangala kalakalanarri unique
Nyikina kartaty unique
Bardi -kolpu- unique
Karajarri kuntyurrtarn unique
Yulparija kurlpula inheritance
Nyulnyul ma-jolben inheritance
Nimanburru ma-jolben inheritance
Jabirr-Jabirr ma-jolben inheritance
Yan-nhangu ŋaŋ'ŋaŋdhun unknown
Gupapuyngu ŋaŋ7ŋaŋdhun inheritance
Ritharrngu ŋupan inheritance
Dhuwal ŋupan inheritance
Ngumbarl pira unique
Dhay’yi warr7warryun semantic shift
Ngarluma wiyanu inheritance
Burarra woḻpa unique
Nyangumarta wura inheritance
Walmajarri ruwa unique
Mudburra ngunyi unique wutyuk pa- chase away wutyuk pa- chase away
Jaru ngirriki inheritance
Gurindji yangkarrp inheritance tyapap for fish tyapap for fish
Gooniyandi tyurra- unique chase; cf Gaj. Yurra- hunt away chase; cf Gaj. Yurra- hunt away
Djapu ŋupan inheritance
Jingulu ngirriki inheritance hunting v ngirrik- Gudanji ngirrikpi hunt
Kija tyukpu inheritance Gaj. Tyukpany Mir.tyuk
Miriwung tyuk inheritance
Achagua múru-eri múru-eri See Language page
Piapoco íideca í:deka See Language page
Yavitero winahata winahata See Language page
Bare hesawa hesawa See Language page
Wayuu oľohoo See Language page
Paresi zanekwati θanekwati See Language page
Ignaciano #NAME? See Language page
Trinitario e=lax-kaua-n See Language page
Baure kasačo kasatʃo See Language page
Cha'palaa 'heen-'dala 'hi-nu Lit. 'jungle-around go'. See Language page
Bora taáva, lliiñája tʰaáβa, tʃiiñáxa See Language page
Muinane dúúdújahi (W97) dúúdúxaʔi See Language page
Apalai urakanãko urakanãko See Language page
Wayana kaimota kaimota See Language page
Carijona eciwa (M2000) See Language page
Tiriyó ëiwa ǝiwa See Language page
Makiritare emanɲuhɨdɨ (IDS); össe (KH() (also means 'hunting party'), tönö:mö aminñökatoho (KH) (means 'hunting gear') emanɲuhɨdɨ (IDS); əsse (KH), tənə:mə aminɲəkatoho (KH) unknown See Language page
Wai Wai k-es-etak-e-sɨ k-es-etak-e-sɨ inheritance See Language page
Waimiri Atroari wyty ipo- (meat look for) wɨtɨ ipo- (meat look for) See Language page
Yabarana kaimo'tase See Language page
Yukpa mabatókane, peʂaese (Robayo) mabatókane, peʂaese (Robayo) See Language page
Kalapalo ɳeni-tsi-ŋu ɳeni-tsi-ŋu See Language page
Muisca funtago, chihizego puntaγo, ʂihitʂeγo See Language page
Northern Emberá nee-beái ne:-beái See Language page
Epena ne-hɨrɨ- Lit. 'gen.-hunt'. See Language page
Cofán panzaye pãdzajɛ phonemic transcriptions are ESTIMATIONS See Language page
Candoshi-Shapra náchogamaama nátʃonkamaama See Language page
Taushiro cu´cua kuʔkua See Language page
Páez viqui viki See Language page
Tikuna naiafené (Alv44) najafené See Language page
Urarina nesari nesaɽi See Language page
Andoke -ĩsía- 'hunt, fish' -ĩsía- 'hunt, fish' See Language page
Pumé ngũnã See Language page
Puinave -bo-dɨk -bo-dɨk See Language page
Máku šipinú See Language page
Warao kub (to hunt) haɾako (hunting) kub (to hunt) harako (hunting) See Language page
Ashuar uumjai, karujai ũ:mjaĩ, kãruxãĩ See Language page
Huambisa kuntinan eakatsa (kuntinan=game; eakatsa=look for) kuntinan ɨakatsa See Language page
Aguaruna máut, egamát máut, ɨgamát See Language page
Nadëb/Roçado dialect i-bo:h, i-boh ni (Martins 1999) unique See Language page
Matses capu kapu See Language page
Kakataibo ɲua-ti ɲuu βari-ti 'to hunt' [ɲuu 'thing']. See Language page
Katukina niʔi ka- Cf. 'woods' 01.410. See Language page
Shipibo-Konibo ŋata ŋata; mae rekia ŋata is 'walk'. See Language page
Yaminahua ae-tãĩ See Language page
Chácobo paso- paso- See Language page
Yagua dapuy; du dapuj; du See Language page
Ingá tarukiai (to hunt deer) tarukiai (to hunt deer) See Language page
Piaroa tõ'õ'pE'rɨh tõɁõɁpæɁrɨh See Language page
Sáliva ẽba dajajaha ẽba dahahaʔa See Language page
Makuna rʉ̃nʉ- rʉ̃nʉ- See Language page
Tanimuca hã'ã ri'ka hã'ã ri'ka See Language page
Tuyuka waikɨ-ra sĩã waikɨ-ra sĩã See Language page
Koreguaje va'i jñaa saimʉ baʔi ɲ̥aa saimʉ See Language page
Karitiana põn põn See Language page
Kokama ipurkari ipurkari See Language page
Wayampi mɨ̃pɨnã-kĩ mɨ̃pɨnã-kĩ See Language page
Aché baereka See Language page
Chiriguano ᵐbae-ǰuka See Language page
Paraguayan Guaraní ɣʷɨraʔapi; t-ɨᵐba-api; [mariska] See Language page
Sirionó aseaseti- aseaseti- See Language page
Ocaina juunno, juuhta hɯ̃ɯ̃no, hɯɯʔta See Language page
Murui Witoto rao-te rao-tɛ (B83) See Language page
Sanumá nama hu (EM72) nama hu (EM72) See Language page
Iquito amuuni (kill); am+yaaquiini (caminar en el monte con el fin de cazar o buscar algo útil) amuuni (kill); amɨjaakiini (hunt/gather) See Language page
Wari yiʔam jiʔam See Language page
Araona kʷade, pisa, c̷a See Language page
Ese Ejja kekʷa- See Language page
Ese Ejja/Huarayo tekwa-kwe; kekwa- (Girard 1971) tekwa-kwe; kekwa- (Girard 1971) See Language page
Cavineña babi-ra; babi-ya; katiaki-ho-ya babi-ra; babi-ya; katiaki-ho-ya See Language page
Central Aymara katuña katu-ɲa See Language page
Cayuvava bebeke; 'ruari; u'aβari A 'hunter' is ir'uari. See Language page
Itonama makumahe See Language page
Kwazá okja- okja- See Language page
Mosetén-Chimané dæ'ræi See Language page
Movima ɓay-eɬ ɓaj-eɬ See Language page
Trumai e=lax-kaua-n e=lax-kaua-n See Language page
Kaingang ẽkrènh se; ʔɛ̃kreɲ See Language page
Suyá pawkó pawkó See Language page
Karajá riu See Language page
Djeoromitxi õbi õbi See Language page
Chipaya parina xwaxti oxḳ Refers to flamingo hunting, 'to go to hit' flamingo. See Language page
Mocoví l-aʔaḳ; re-par-aʁan Respectively: to hunt for several days; to hunt for a day. See Language page
Pilagá apkiɬpakwakmi See Language page
Toba #NAME? To kill game is itko-wo. See Language page
Lengua #NAME? See Language page
Sanapaná/Dialect Angaité neŋnempaʔweyaamˀ Also nenteyaanyamˀ. See Language page
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet yomɨra-ti; mɨča See Language page
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay i-čuwaɬ-če The 'hunter' is čuwaɬ-nah. See Language page
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja -wesiʔ; akixnan See Language page
Maca #NAME? See Language page
Nivaclé -woʔy; -tkˀɔʔyte The latter means to hunt with a trap. Also -tˀɔtay-ʔin, means to hunt 'mariscando'. See Language page
Ayoreo nii'so-rãai; ni'sorẽe A one-day hunt, is baai; 'baage; an overnight hunt is moo-i; moo-'ŋe 04.610. See Language page
Mapudungun wiṭ͡ʀutu-n ɣɨɲɨm With sling-shot. Ranquel form is nɨva-. See Language page
Qawasqar yepˀas Also yektel; yefto-lay, which also means 'to throw a stick'. Bo records yepˀat for Central QWS. See Language page
Selknam hòʔyi-pè Referred to ostrich hunt. See Language page
Tehuelche 'āwkˀ-; 'āwkˀ-en-k Refers to 'hunter'. See Language page
Lokono jokhan jokʰan hunt Pet 1987:361
Kariña otaro otaro hunt Yamada 2010:784