Hunter-Gatherer Language Database

tobacco (native)

Semantic Field: narcotics
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish
Meaning Portuguese

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Language	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Proto-Form	Proto-Language	Loan Source	Wanderwort Status	Etyma Set	Etymology Notes	Word Structure	Word Structure Notes	General Notes	Source

Language	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Proto-Form	Proto-Language	Loan Source	Wanderwort Status	Etyma Set	Etymology Notes	Word Structure	Word Structure Notes	General Notes	Source
Akawaio	tamɨ			Inheritance	*tam(u/ï)	Proto-Carib				Reconstruction Meira p.c.				See Language page
Baniwa	dzéema			Inheritance	*yɨma	Proto Arawak				Likely donor into Guahiban, e.g. Guahibo tséːma	Simplex			See Language page
Bankalachi Toloim	so'-kunt'		Indian tobacco	loan			Yokuts	WW	%sokon		other complex			Merriam 49:197
Bardi	kilala			inheritance									could be loan into Proto-language; widepsread in different meanings
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone	pahmun, pahmon		tobacco	loan			Yokuts	WW	%pa7mo	into proto-central?	simplex			Crapo 1976
Cahuilla	piva-t		tobacco; smoking	inheritance	*pipaC	Uto-Aztecan				Stubbs 2011 2348	other complex			Seiler & Hioki 1979
Central Sierra Miwok	hú:tija-		tobacco	unique							simplex			Freeland & Broadbent 1960
Chemehuevi	ko7wa/pI		tobacco	unknown						Stubbs 2011 2351 S. Numic only; I think prob from 'burn'	other complex			Harrington Chemehuevi Noun List (K. Hill 1969)
Chumash Barbareno	šow		tobacco	loan into protolanguage		Proto-Central Chumash	Yokuts	WW	%sokon	ultimately probably a Yokutsan loan	simplex			Beeler 1978
Chumash Ineseno	šow		pespibata	loan into protolanguage		Proto-Central Chumash	Yokuts	WW	%sokon		simplex			Applegate 1972
Chumash Obispeno	stu7ji7		tobacco	unique							simplex			Harrington
Chumash Ventureno	sow'		tobacco	loan into protolanguage		Proto-Central Chumash	Yokuts	WW	%sokon		simplex			Mamet 2008
Cocopa	7u:p		tobacco, cigarette	loan into protolanguage		Proto-Yuman	Hokan	WW	%7u:p	JHH	simplex			Crawford 1989
Comanche	pahmu		tobacco	loan			Yokuts	WW	%pa7mo	into Proto-Central Numic	simplex			R
Cubeo	butʃí butʃí butʃí butʃí butʃí butʃí butʃí butʃí butʃí butʃí butʃí butʃí butʃí butʃí butʃí butʃí butʃí butʃí butʃí butʃí butʃí butʃí butʃí butʃí butʃí butʃí butʃí butʃí butʃí butʃí butʃí butʃí butʃí butʃí butʃí butʃí butʃí butʃí butʃí butʃí butʃí butʃí but			Unique						Also: butʃitʉlava	Simplex			See Language page
Cupeño	pivat		tobacco	inheritance	*pipaC	Uto-Aztecan				Stubbs 2011 2348	other complex			Hill & Nolasquez 1973
Desano	muru			inheritance		Proto-Tukanoan					Simplex			See Language page
Dâw	hũ̌t			Inheritance		Proto-Nadahup				But may ultimately be derived from 'blow', Hup pũhũt	Simplex			See Language page
Esselen	k'a/-a		tobacco	loan			Miwokan			Henshaw	simplex			Kroeber 1902
Eñepa	kɔwae			Inheritance		Venezuelan (N. Amazonian) subgroup				Likely loan into Hodi ʰkawoi				See Language page
Gabrielino	pi:vat; $u:key (H572,3)		tobacco	inheritance	*pipaC	Uto-Aztecan	Yok-Utian	WW	%sokon	Stubbs 2011 2348; $u:key is Utian origin Wanderwoerter	other complex			Hill Harrington Notes
Gajirrabeng	malmalmaty			loan direction unknown
Gooniyandi	karla			unknown
Guayabero	xo			Unknown						Compare Muisca, hoska	Simplex			See Language page
Gurindji	tyarrinyngarna			inheritance						cave-dweller, a variety	complex		cave-dweller, a variety
Hodï	ʰkawoi			Loan			Carib				Simplex			See Language page
Hup	hũ̌t			Inheritance		Proto-Nadahup				But may ultimately be derived from 'blow', Hup pũhũt	Simplex			See Language page
Iipay 'Aa	7up		tobacco	loan into protolanguage		Proto-Yuman	Hokan	WW	%7u:p	JHH	simplex			Couro & Hutcheson 1973
Jaru	wanampurrngu			unknown
Jingulu	wanampurrngu			unknown
Kakua	hɨ̌p			Inheritance							Simplex			See Language page
Karajarri	ŋamari			loan			areal
Kariña	tamy	tamɨ	tobacco				Yamada 2010:808
Kawaiisu	so7o(n)-dy		tobacco, Nicotiana bigelovii	loan			Yokuts	WW	%sokon	ko7o-pi N. attenuata	other complex			Zigmond et al. 1990
Kija	pingkuntyi			unknown
Kiliwa	7+hip		tobacco, cigarettes	loan into protolanguage		Proto-Yuman	Hokan	WW	%7u:p	JHH	derived			Mixco 1985
Kitanemuk	civut		Nicotiana bigelovii (cultivated)	semantic shift	*cipuC	Uto-Aztecan				< 'bitter' Stubbs 2011 231 means bitter absolutely EVERY other lg so s.s. is justifiable	other complex			Anderton 1988
Kotiria	bɨ̃ʔ'dõ			inheritance		Proto-Tukanoan					Simplex			See Language page
Lake Miwok	kájaw		tobacco	inheritance	*kájaw	Proto-Western Miwok				possibly Pmi (Callaghan 1970:33)	simplex			Callaghan 1965
Lokono	jolhi	joɽi	tobacco											Pet 1987:375
Luiseño	piivat		tobacco, cigarette	inheritance	*pipaC	Uto-Aztecan				Stubbs 2011 2348	other complex			Elliott 1999
Macaguan	kohá			Unknown							Simplex			See Language page
Maidu	pân		tobacco	inheritance	*pan	Proto-Maiduan				Ultan 1964:365	simplex			Shipley 1963
Maihiki	mɨto			inheritance		Proto-Tukanoan					Simplex			See Language page
Makushi	kawáí			Inheritance		Venezuelan (N. Amazonian) subgroup				Likely loan into Hodi ʰkawoi				See Language page
Mangala	kilala			loan			Gooniyandi
Miriwung	nguntyukang			loan direction unknown				WW	%walayarra	also walayarang
Mojave	7a7uuv		tobacco	loan into protolanguage		Proto-Yuman	Hokan	WW	%7u:p	JHH	simplex			Munro et al. 1992
Mudburra	ngunungunu			unknown
Mutsun	maTTer		tobacco	inheritance		Proto-Costanoan				Sta. Cruz same word Henshaw in Heizer 1955	simplex			Okrand 1977
Ngarluma	pulku			inheritance
Nheengatu	baruri			Unknown						Also pitima, inherited from Proto-TG (Mello 2000)				See Language page
Ninam	pinahi		tobacco	Inheritance		Proto-Yanomamo					Simplex			See Language page
Nisenan	pan		Indian tobacco	inheritance	*pan	Proto-Maiduan				Ultan 1964:365	simplex			Uldall & Shipley 1966
Northern Paiute	pooebahmoo		Indian tobacco, manzanita	loan			Yokuts	WW	%pa7mo	the pooe part is pui 'green'	simplex			Yerington 1987
Northern Sierra Miwok	ka:sy-		tobacco	inheritance		Proto-Miwokan				Callaghan suggests in Bodega Dic that Pmiw kajaw and Pmie ka:sy- do go together somehow but gives no reconstruction	simplex			Callaghan 1987
Nyikina	kilala			inheritance
Pemon	tamu			Inheritance	*tam(u/ï)	Proto-Carib				Reconstruction Meira p.c.				See Language page
Plains Miwok	ka:sy-		tobacco	inheritance		Proto-Miwokan				Callaghan suggests in Bodega Dic that Pmiw kajaw and Pmie ka:sy- do go together somehow but gives no reconstruction	simplex			Callaghan 1984
Resígaro	niítsí			Unknown						Probably related to Yucuna litʃi; possible loan? Alternate: niítsíʔó (tobacco, tobacco+”longish and oval-shaped” classifier”)	Simplex			See Language page
Salinan A	Tala/>M		tobacco	unknown		Proto-Salinan					other complex			Mason 1918
Salinan M	toela/m		tobacco	unknown		Proto-Salinan					simplex			Mason 1918
Seri (Comcaac)	haapis copxöt		tobacco (lit. loose tobacco)	unknown							phrase			Moser & Marlett 2005
Serrano	pīvt		tobacco	inheritance	*pipaC	Uto-Aztecan				Stubbs 2011 2348	other complex			K. Hill Dict.
Sikuani	sema			Loan			Achagua	WW	%tsema	Also: tʃema, zema	Simplex			See Language page
Southern Paiute	qwo7appI		Indian tobacco	unknown						Stubbs 2011 2351 S. Numic only; I think prob from 'burn'	other complex			Sapir
Southern Sierra Miwok	ka:hy-		wild tobacco	inheritance		Proto-Miwokan				Callaghan suggests in Bodega Dic that Pmiw kajaw and Pmie ka:sy- do go together somehow but gives no reconstruction; Note Pmiw *kajaw; this may be Pmi (Callaghan 1970:33)	simplex			Broadbent 1964
Southern Ute	qo7a-pY		tobacco	unknown						Stubbs 2011 2351 S. Numic only; I think prob from 'burn'	other complex			Givon
Tariana	jéma			Inheritance	*yɨma	Proto Arawak				also in some Guahiban langs. (e.g. Cuiva tsйma)	Simplex			See Language page
Tukano	bɨ̃ʔrṍ			inheritance		Proto-Tukanoan				Also: mɨ'rô	Simplex			See Language page
Tübatulabal	sho'kohnt		tobacco	loan			Yokuts	WW	%sokon		other complex			K. Hill Tub>Eng
Tümpisa Shoshone	pahompin, pahompy		tobacco, cigarette	loan			Yokuts	WW	%pa7mo	thru Tub?	other complex			Dayley 1989
Walmajarri	ngunytyu			loan direction unknown
Waorani	okæ̃-ĩ			Unique										See Language page
Wapishana	suuma			Inheritance	*yɨma	Proto Arawak				Sikuani tséːma; Cuiva tséma; Cofan ccumba;	Simplex			See Language page
Wappo	lúče		tobacco	unique							simplex			Elmendorf 1993
Wardaman	malmalmaty			unknown
Washo	báŋkuš		tobacco, cigar, cigarette	loan			Maidu				simplex			Washo Project Dictionary
Western Mono	missing			missing
Wintu	lol, lo:l		tobacco	inheritance	*lo:l	Proto-Wintun				Shepherd 2006:117	simplex			Schlichter 1981
Yanomam	peenahe		tobacco	Inheritance		Proto-Yanomamo					Simplex			See Language page
Yanomami	pẽ: nahe			Inheritance		Proto-Yanomamo				Alternate: pẽek nahe	Other complex	No info		See Language page
Yavapai	7ū:va		tobacco	loan into protolanguage		Proto-Yuman	Hokan	WW	%7u:p	JHH	simplex			Shaterian 1983
Yawuru	ŋamari			inheritance
Yokuts Palewyami	so'-kon		tobacco	inheritance		Yok-Utian		WW	%sokon	Callaghan 1997:41	simplex			Berman 2002
Yokuts Yawdanchi	sòkon		tobacco	inheritance		Yok-Utian		WW	%sokon	Callaghan 1997:41	simplex			Kroeber 1907
Yokuts Yawelmani	so:k'on		tobacco	inheritance		Yok-Utian		WW	%sokon	Callaghan 1997:41	simplex			Harrington
Yuki	woyol', woyąl'		tobacco	inheritance	*woy(m)ol'	Proto-North Yukian				Schlichter 1985:344	simplex			Sawyer & Schlicter 1984
Yukuna	litʃi			Unknown						Payne gives yamá	Simplex			See Language page
Yulparija	tyanyuŋu			doubtful inheritance


Akawaio
Baniwa
Bankalachi Toloim
Bardi
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone
Cahuilla
Central Sierra Miwok
Chemehuevi
Chumash Barbareno
Chumash Ineseno
Chumash Obispeno
Chumash Ventureno
Cocopa
Comanche
Cubeo
Cupeño
Desano
Dâw
Esselen
Eñepa
Gabrielino
Gajirrabeng
Gooniyandi
Guayabero
Gurindji
Hodï
Hup
Iipay 'Aa
Jaru
Jingulu
Kakua
Karajarri
Kariña
Kawaiisu
Kija
Kiliwa
Kitanemuk
Kotiria
Lake Miwok
Lokono
Luiseño
Macaguan
Maidu
Maihiki
Makushi
Mangala
Miriwung
Mojave
Mudburra
Mutsun
Ngarluma
Nheengatu
Ninam
Nisenan
Northern Paiute
Northern Sierra Miwok
Nyikina
Pemon
Plains Miwok
Resígaro
Salinan A
Salinan M
Seri (Comcaac)
Serrano
Sikuani
Southern Paiute
Southern Sierra Miwok
Southern Ute
Tariana
Tukano
Tübatulabal
Tümpisa Shoshone
Walmajarri
Waorani
Wapishana
Wappo
Wardaman
Washo
Western Mono
Wintu
Yanomam
Yanomami
Yavapai
Yawuru
Yokuts Palewyami
Yokuts Yawdanchi
Yokuts Yawelmani
Yuki
Yukuna
Yulparija

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