Languages of hunter-gatherers and their neighbors

sniff/smell

Semantic Field
body
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish
olfatear, oler
Meaning Portuguese
cheirar

Languages

Language Orthographic Form Phonemicized Form Gloss as in Source Etymology Code Proto-Form Proto-Language Loan Source Wanderwort Status Etyma Set Etymology Notes General Notes Source
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone missing missing
Cahuilla -huvi- inheritance S&H 1979
Central Sierra Miwok huka:/-j- inheritance
Chemehuevi ugwi/-ka(i), ugwi/ loan into protolanguage, direction unknown
Chumash Barbareno jul'uksh inheritance Wash 2001:311
Chumash Obispeno tYiLhi unknown JPH
Chumash Ventureno jut'uxsh unknown JPH
Cocopa xwi inheritance
Comanche ykwihkaty, ykwIsy7ninity loan into protolanguage
Cupeño huva'-0 [huˈvaɁ] inheritance
Iipay 'Aa wehwii [wəˈxʷiˑ] inheritance
Kawaiisu 7ugwi- loan into protolanguage, direction unknown
Kiliwa khwisu inheritance
Kitanemuk hukum loan direction unknown
Lake Miwok hu/kSu inheritance
Luiseño huSi- unknown
Maidu hi/ inheritance
Mojave ahwee= (tr), unknown
Mutsun hussen inheritance O77:172
Nisenan hi: inheritance
Northern Paiute igwi loan into protolanguage Thornes 03:55
Northern Sierra Miwok huka- inheritance
Plains Miwok hukju- inheritance
Salinan A me:/s (A), unknown
Salinan M mi/slip unknown Mason 1918:144
Seri (Comcaac) cosi/i unknown
Serrano hukim (-a-) loan direction unknown
Southern Paiute ugwi- loan into protolanguage
Southern Sierra Miwok huka:-j- inheritance
Southern Ute ugwi loan into protolanguage
Tümpisa Shoshone ykwikkan loan into protolanguage
Wappo k'u/hsha7 unknown
Washo pa/lal unknown J457
Western Mono egwi- loan into protolanguage, direction unknown
Wintu sube: inheritance
Yavapai hWi/ inheritance
Yokuts Yawdanchi hOng 236; 249 O is w/ umlaut inheritance K07:236,49
Yokuts Yowlumne *Se:niT' inheritance N1944:39
Baniwa eémia eémia inheritance primarily transitive See Language page
Carijona hoci (SM) inheritance primarily transitive See Language page
Cubeo vĩñʉ vĩjɨ inheritance primarily transitive See Language page
Dâw ʉ̃ʉ́k ʔɨ̃̌k inheritance primarily transitive See Language page
Desano wĩjĩriñe (transitive) wĩhĩɾije inheritance primarily transitive See Language page
Eñepa e'muku, e'mu eʔmuku, eʔmu unknown primarily transitive See Language page
Hodï bĩkĩwe unique primarily transitive See Language page
Waorani we õgõ unique primarily transitive See Language page
Hup cĩh-wɨʔ- ~cih-wɨʔ- unique primarily transitive See Language page
Kakua hũj unknown Nadahup primarily transitive See Language page
Makushi puʔnɨkɨ (IDS) puʔnɨkɨ (IDS) inheritance primarily transitive See Language page
Nheengatu uçetúna usetuna inheritance primarily transitive See Language page
Ninam rĩša, ɨkɨka (EM72) ɾĩʃa, ɨkɨka inheritance primarily transitive See Language page
Nukak wĩĩh3 loan Tukanoan: e.g. Desano, Wanano, Macuna wĩhĩ primarily transitive See Language page
Maihiki yieyi jieji inheritance primarily transitive See Language page
Pemon transitive: kuika, intransitive: kenuma, ikenuma, keneta (A1981); ikui'ka (M2000) kuika, kenuma, ikenuma, keneta (A1981) unique primarily transitive See Language page
Resígaro mókhó mókʰó inheritance primarily transitive See Language page
Sanumá niša, ususa (EM72) niʃa, ususa inheritance primarily transitive See Language page
Sikuani itaboxo (3) tuxúne, tuxúba(pl) inheritance primarily transitive See Language page
Tariana emé emé inheritance primarily transitive See Language page
Tukano wĩhî wĩhî inheritance E Tuk primarily transitive See Language page
Kotiria ~wihi w˜ĩh˜ĩ inheritance E Tuk primarily transitive See Language page
Yanomam rĩša, rĩarišipra (EM72) ɾĩʃa, ɾĩaɾiʃipɾa inheritance primarily transitive See Language page
Yanomami ũkũkaɨ, ũkũkũaɨ, ũkũkũmaɨ ũkũkaɨ, ũkũkũaɨ, ũkũkũmaɨ inheritance primarily transitive See Language page
Yukuna ama'akaje amaʔakahe inheritance primarily transitive See Language page
Gajirrabeng ngooyi unique NJ
Gurindji ngapuk ma- loan Jaminjung
Kija ngart unique
Miriwung ngooyi unique NJ
Walmajarri parntima- inheritance
Achagua miédéda miédéda inheritance primarily transitive See Language page
Piapoco sàni sàni primarily transitive See Language page
Kabiyari meʔa meʔa primarily transitive See Language page
Yavitero ľ̥imeta ľ̥imeta primarily transitive See Language page
Wapishana dama-n dama-n inheritance Proto-Arawak primarily transitive See Language page
Wayuu aaľa ehu primarily transitive See Language page
Paresi aexetya aeʃetya unknown primarily transitive See Language page
Ignaciano -hiuka; -hiukaʔaka primarily transitive See Language page
Trinitario #NAME? primarily transitive See Language page
Baure hišhik- hiʃhik- inheritance primarily transitive See Language page
Waurá kã-iyãla (intransitive verb); ãɨta; eteme ĩyãla (transitive verb); ãɨta ("sniff") kã-ijãla; ãɨta; eteme ĩjãla; ãɨta unknown primarily transitive See Language page
Cha'palaa 'iš-'ka-nu Lit. 'wind-get'. See Language page
Bora árahjúcu (trans), cuva (intrans) (T98) áraʔxɯ́kɯ́ (trans), kʰɯβa (intrans) unknown primarily transitive See Language page
Muinane xɨ́gíkku-ʔi (sniff), úsu-ʔi, nɨ́nɨɨkkɨ-ʔi xɨ́gíkku-ʔi (sniff), úsu-ʔi, nɨ́nɨɨkkɨ-ʔi primarily transitive See Language page
Akawaio iigöknuumba igöʔnumba unknown primarily transitive See Language page
Apalai ipohnõko ipohnõko inheritance primarily transitive See Language page
Wayana pok pok inheritance primarily transitive See Language page
Makiritare hyoʔhōdɨɨ (IDS) hyoʔhōdɨɨ (IDS) unique primarily transitive See Language page
Mapoyo #NAME? #NAME? primarily transitive See Language page
Wai Wai w-esunku-∅ / ∅-koto-wa-sɨ w-esunku-∅ / ∅-koto-wa-sɨ unknown primarily transitive See Language page
Yabarana potihie primarily transitive See Language page
Yukpa jümujke, sumuske, turakie, türakümak primarily transitive See Language page
Muisca zmuysquysuca tʂmuɨskuɨsuka primarily transitive See Language page
Northern Emberá nẽʉ̃́ĩn nẽʉ̃́ĩn primarily transitive See Language page
Epena ɨ̃- primarily transitive See Language page
Guayabero xatúka inheritance Proto-Guahiban primarily transitive See Language page
Macaguan túk inheritance Proto-Guahiban primarily transitive See Language page
Cuiva tuxúba oler, smell primarily transitive Huber & Reed 1992:362
Playero tuxúba, tuxúne, 'está oliena' - 'he is smelling' primarily transitive See Language page
Cofán shonchañe, tssu'juye ʃõtʃaɲɛ, tshɯʔhɯjɛ phonemic transcriptions are ESTIMATIONS primarily transitive See Language page
Taushiro a´tohon aʔtohon primarily transitive See Language page
Páez putáa putáa primarily transitive See Language page
Tikuna naʔpaʔáka (Alv44) naʔpaʔáka unique primarily transitive See Language page
Urarina aona aona unique primarily transitive See Language page
Camsa xongɨtsetɕiána xongɨtsetɕiána primarily transitive See Language page
Andoke -fã -ɸã unique primarily transitive See Language page
Pumé pjĩdö primarily transitive See Language page
Puinave [-'ha-si + hik] ha-si + hik unique primarily transitive See Language page
Ashuar nekápratin nɨkaprati primarily transitive See Language page
Huambisa nekapratsa nɨkapratsa primarily transitive See Language page
Aguaruna kugkúut kungku:t unique primarily transitive See Language page
Nadëb/Roçado dialect hɨ̃:k, hʌ̃g inheritance primarily transitive See Language page
Nadëb/Rio Negro dialect hã:k primarily transitive See Language page
Matses shëd ʃɨd inheritance primarily transitive See Language page
Kakataibo ṣ̌ɨ-ti βɨ'ṣ̌ɨ-ti 'to smell the face (loved ones)'. See Language page
Katukina šɨtɨ- primarily transitive See Language page
Yaminahua ṣ̌ɨtɨ a-ki primarily transitive See Language page
Chácobo čopiši (intransitive "smell"); ṣ̌ɨtɨ- (transitive "smell"); ṣ̌ɨta- ("sniff") čopiši (intransitive "smell"); ṣ̌ɨtɨ- (transitive "smell"); ṣ̌ɨta- ("sniff") inheritance primarily transitive See Language page
Yagua baya (int.); nari (trans.) baja:; nari unique primarily transitive See Language page
Southern Pastaza Quechua muctina muktina primarily transitive See Language page
Ingá asnai asnai primarily transitive See Language page
Napo Lowland Quichua muctina muktina primarily transitive See Language page
Quechua Ayacuchano muskiy muskij primarily transitive See Language page
Piaroa kɨrɨ'puɨh kɨrɨɁpuɨh unknown primarily transitive See Language page
Sáliva ñoajaha ɲoahaʔa unknown primarily transitive See Language page
Bará wĩ'dĩ́ primarily transitive See Language page
Barasano wĩdĩ́- wĩdĩ́- primarily transitive See Language page
Carapana 'wĩ́dĩ́- 'wĩ́dĩ́- primarily transitive See Language page
Makuna sᵾti-rise (intransitive); wĩji-re (intransitive); ʉ̃ñi-re (probably intransitive) sɨti-ɾise; wĩxi-ɾe; ɨ̃ji-ɾe unknown; inheritance primarily transitive See Language page
Yuruti 'wɨ̃́dĩĩ- 'wɨ̃́dĩĩ- primarily transitive See Language page
Waikhana wĩ'hĩ- wĩ'hĩ- primarily transitive See Language page
Siriano wĩ'hĩ́- wĩ'hĩ́- primarily transitive See Language page
Tanimuca wĩʔ'ĩ ri'ka; hĩ'ã ri'ka wĩʔ'ĩ ri'ka; hĩ'ã ri'ka inheritance primarily transitive See Language page
Tatuyo 'wĩdĩ- 'wĩdĩ- primarily transitive See Language page
Tuyuka wĩ'dĩ wĩ'dĩ primarily transitive See Language page
Waimaja wĩnĩ́ñã wĩnĩ́ɲã primarily transitive See Language page
Koreguaje sʉmʉ, vʉomʉ sʉmʉ, vʉomʉ inheritance primarily transitive See Language page
Siona yi'eji jiʔehi inheritance primarily transitive See Language page
Secoya sëñe sɨ̃ñɛ̃ primarily transitive See Language page
Karitiana hĩn, hynnãnã hĩn, hɨnnãnã unknown primarily transitive See Language page
Kokama tsetuni tsetuni inheritance primarily transitive See Language page
Wayampi -ɛ̃tɔ̃; -tũ -ɛ̃tɔ̃; -tũ inheritance primarily transitive See Language page
Aché weno unique primarily transitive See Language page
Chiriguano (a)ẽtu inheritance primarily transitive See Language page
Paraguayan Guaraní aⁿdu; h-etũ primarily transitive See Language page
Sirionó setõ (P85) setõ inheritance primarily transitive See Language page
Kamayurá etun etun inheritance primarily transitive See Language page
Ocaina dyooro (verb 'oler') dʲooro (verb 'oler') unique primarily transitive See Language page
Nɨpode Witoto hadʒé-de hadʒέ-dɛ primarily transitive See Language page
Minica Witoto hadʒé-de hadʒέ-dɛ primarily transitive See Language page
Murui Witoto hadʒe-de (intr) hadʒɛ-dɛ (intr) inheritance/Witoto primarily transitive See Language page
Iquito apiraani (used for things that smell, not the action of smelling/sniffing) apiraani (used for things that smell, not the action of smelling/sniffing) unknown primarily transitive See Language page
Záparo nahuunu nahuːnu primarily transitive See Language page
Wari nac (E&K97) nak (E&K97) primarily transitive See Language page
Ese Ejja/Huarayo šiye-ʔaxa- (Girard 1971) šiye-ʔaxa- primarily transitive See Language page
Tacana waniba- primarily transitive See Language page
Cavineña wani; hiro-ya; wani-da; hiro- (G71) (wani is the transitive verb, hiro-ya is intransitive; wani-da is specifically "sniff"; wani also means "smoke") wani; hiro-ya; wani-da; hiro- (G71) unknown primarily transitive See Language page
Central Aymara mukt´aña muktʔaɲa primarily transitive See Language page
Cayuvava mɨrɨ primarily transitive See Language page
Kwazá hẽu-, nũ?ỹhỹ, ĩ- hẽu-, nũ?ỹhỹ, ĩ- primarily transitive See Language page
Mosetén-Chimané hœʔ'seʔ primarily transitive See Language page
Movima pa-yes-na pa-jes-na primarily transitive See Language page
Kaingang kã´ĩ kãʔĩ; mɛ̃ŋ; mɛ̃ŋ-mɛ̃ŋ primarily transitive See Language page
Suyá kupã kupã primarily transitive See Language page
Djeoromitxi ĩ ĩ primarily transitive See Language page
Chipaya mukš primarily transitive See Language page
Mocoví i-ta primarily transitive See Language page
Pilagá yi-ta Lit. '3pa-smell (trans.)'. See Language page
Toba i-ta primarily transitive See Language page
Lengua #NAME? Other senses are incorporated in this word; see 'feel' 15.720. Also tikhan-či. See Language page
Sanapaná/Dialect Angaité antikhanki primarily transitive See Language page
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet nentekhaneem; neŋleŋayˀ primarily transitive See Language page
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay la-'nih Noun form. See Language page
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja -xnewene ~ -xniwene primarily transitive See Language page
Maca #NAME? primarily transitive See Language page
Nivaclé -nsiȼˀaʔ sniff primarily transitive https://ids.clld.org/
Ayoreo o'hareʔ primarily transitive See Language page
Mapudungun n̯ɨmɨ-tu Ranquel form is nɨmɨ-. See Language page
Qawasqar xanḳstas Fi, Hy record oks for South QWS. Cf. 'fragrant' 15.250 and 'stinking' 15.260. See Language page
Selknam ṣ-we primarily transitive See Language page
Tehuelche 'hēl- primarily transitive See Language page
Lokono kiadoma kiadoma sniff at Pet 1987:371
Kariña y'nory ɨʔnorɨ raw smell; smell Yamada 2010:831