Hunter-Gatherer Language Database

sniff/smell

Semantic Field: body
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish: olfatear, oler
Meaning Portuguese: cheirar

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Language	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Loan Source	General Notes	Source
Achagua	miédéda	miédéda		inheritance		primarily transitive	See Language page
Aché		weno		unique		primarily transitive	See Language page
Aguaruna	kugkúut	kungku:t		unique		primarily transitive	See Language page
Akawaio	iigöknuumba	igöʔnumba		unknown		primarily transitive	See Language page
Andoke	-fã	-ɸã		unique		primarily transitive	See Language page
Apalai	ipohnõko	ipohnõko		inheritance		primarily transitive	See Language page
Ashuar	nekápratin	nɨkaprati				primarily transitive	See Language page
Ayoreo		o'hareʔ				primarily transitive	See Language page
Baniwa	eémia	eémia		inheritance		primarily transitive	See Language page
Barasano	wĩdĩ́-	wĩdĩ́-				primarily transitive	See Language page
Bará		wĩ'dĩ́				primarily transitive	See Language page
Baure	hišhik-	hiʃhik-		inheritance		primarily transitive	See Language page
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone	missing			missing
Bora	árahjúcu (trans), cuva (intrans) (T98)	áraʔxɯ́kɯ́ (trans), kʰɯβa (intrans)		unknown		primarily transitive	See Language page
Cahuilla	-huvi-			inheritance			S&H 1979
Camsa	xongɨtsetɕiána	xongɨtsetɕiána				primarily transitive	See Language page
Carapana	'wĩ́dĩ́-	'wĩ́dĩ́-				primarily transitive	See Language page
Carijona	hoci (SM)			inheritance		primarily transitive	See Language page
Cavineña	wani; hiro-ya; wani-da; hiro- (G71) (wani is the transitive verb, hiro-ya is intransitive; wani-da is specifically "sniff"; wani also means "smoke")	wani; hiro-ya; wani-da; hiro- (G71)		unknown		primarily transitive	See Language page
Cayuvava		mɨrɨ				primarily transitive	See Language page
Central Aymara	mukt´aña	muktʔaɲa				primarily transitive	See Language page
Central Sierra Miwok	huka:/-j-			inheritance
Cha'palaa		'iš-'ka-nu				Lit. 'wind-get'.	See Language page
Chemehuevi	ugwi/-ka(i), ugwi/			loan into protolanguage, direction unknown
Chipaya		mukš				primarily transitive	See Language page
Chiriguano		(a)ẽtu		inheritance		primarily transitive	See Language page
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja		-xnewene ~ -xniwene				primarily transitive	See Language page
Chumash Barbareno	jul'uksh			inheritance			Wash 2001:311
Chumash Obispeno	tYiLhi			unknown			JPH
Chumash Ventureno	jut'uxsh			unknown			JPH
Chácobo	čopiši (intransitive "smell"); ṣ̌ɨtɨ- (transitive "smell"); ṣ̌ɨta- ("sniff")	čopiši (intransitive "smell"); ṣ̌ɨtɨ- (transitive "smell"); ṣ̌ɨta- ("sniff")		inheritance		primarily transitive	See Language page
Cocopa	xwi			inheritance
Cofán	shonchañe, tssu'juye	ʃõtʃaɲɛ, tshɯʔhɯjɛ				phonemic transcriptions are ESTIMATIONS primarily transitive	See Language page
Comanche	ykwihkaty, ykwIsy7ninity			loan into protolanguage
Cubeo	vĩñʉ	vĩjɨ		inheritance		primarily transitive	See Language page
Cuiva		tuxúba	oler, smell			primarily transitive	Huber & Reed 1992:362
Cupeño	huva'-0	[huˈvaɁ]		inheritance
Desano	wĩjĩriñe (transitive)	wĩhĩɾije		inheritance		primarily transitive	See Language page
Djeoromitxi	ĩ	ĩ				primarily transitive	See Language page
Dâw	ʉ̃ʉ́k	ʔɨ̃̌k		inheritance		primarily transitive	See Language page
Epena		ɨ̃-				primarily transitive	See Language page
Ese Ejja/Huarayo	šiye-ʔaxa- (Girard 1971)	šiye-ʔaxa-				primarily transitive	See Language page
Eñepa	e'muku, e'mu	eʔmuku, eʔmu		unknown		primarily transitive	See Language page
Gajirrabeng	ngooyi			unique	NJ
Guayabero		xatúka		inheritance	Proto-Guahiban	primarily transitive	See Language page
Gurindji	ngapuk ma-			loan	Jaminjung
Hodï		bĩkĩwe		unique		primarily transitive	See Language page
Huambisa	nekapratsa	nɨkapratsa				primarily transitive	See Language page
Hup	cĩh-wɨʔ-	~cih-wɨʔ-		unique		primarily transitive	See Language page
Ignaciano		-hiuka; -hiukaʔaka				primarily transitive	See Language page
Iipay 'Aa	wehwii	[wəˈxʷiˑ]		inheritance
Ingá	asnai	asnai				primarily transitive	See Language page
Iquito	apiraani (used for things that smell, not the action of smelling/sniffing)	apiraani (used for things that smell, not the action of smelling/sniffing)		unknown		primarily transitive	See Language page
Kabiyari	meʔa	meʔa				primarily transitive	See Language page
Kaingang	kã´ĩ	kãʔĩ; mɛ̃ŋ; mɛ̃ŋ-mɛ̃ŋ				primarily transitive	See Language page
Kakataibo		ṣ̌ɨ-ti				βɨ'ṣ̌ɨ-ti 'to smell the face (loved ones)'.	See Language page
Kakua		hũj		unknown	Nadahup	primarily transitive	See Language page
Kamayurá	etun	etun		inheritance		primarily transitive	See Language page
Kariña	y'nory	ɨʔnorɨ	raw smell; smell				Yamada 2010:831
Karitiana	hĩn, hynnãnã	hĩn, hɨnnãnã		unknown		primarily transitive	See Language page
Katukina		šɨtɨ-				primarily transitive	See Language page
Kawaiisu	7ugwi-			loan into protolanguage, direction unknown
Kija	ngart			unique
Kiliwa	khwisu			inheritance
Kitanemuk	hukum			loan direction unknown
Kokama	tsetuni	tsetuni		inheritance		primarily transitive	See Language page
Koreguaje	sʉmʉ, vʉomʉ	sʉmʉ, vʉomʉ		inheritance		primarily transitive	See Language page
Kotiria	~wihi	w˜ĩh˜ĩ		inheritance	E Tuk	primarily transitive	See Language page
Kwazá	hẽu-, nũ?ỹhỹ, ĩ-	hẽu-, nũ?ỹhỹ, ĩ-				primarily transitive	See Language page
Lake Miwok	hu/kSu			inheritance
Lengua		#NAME?				Other senses are incorporated in this word; see 'feel' 15.720. Also tikhan-či.	See Language page
Lokono	kiadoma	kiadoma	sniff at				Pet 1987:371
Luiseño	huSi-			unknown
Maca		#NAME?				primarily transitive	See Language page
Macaguan		túk		inheritance	Proto-Guahiban	primarily transitive	See Language page
Maidu	hi/			inheritance
Maihiki	yieyi	jieji		inheritance		primarily transitive	See Language page
Makiritare	hyoʔhōdɨɨ (IDS)	hyoʔhōdɨɨ (IDS)		unique		primarily transitive	See Language page
Makuna	sᵾti-rise (intransitive); wĩji-re (intransitive); ʉ̃ñi-re (probably intransitive)	sɨti-ɾise; wĩxi-ɾe; ɨ̃ji-ɾe		unknown; inheritance		primarily transitive	See Language page
Makushi	puʔnɨkɨ (IDS)	puʔnɨkɨ (IDS)		inheritance		primarily transitive	See Language page
Mapoyo	#NAME?	#NAME?				primarily transitive	See Language page
Mapudungun		n̯ɨmɨ-tu				Ranquel form is nɨmɨ-.	See Language page
Matses	shëd	ʃɨd		inheritance		primarily transitive	See Language page
Minica Witoto	hadʒé-de	hadʒέ-dɛ				primarily transitive	See Language page
Miriwung	ngooyi			unique	NJ
Mocoví		i-ta				primarily transitive	See Language page
Mojave	ahwee= (tr),			unknown
Mosetén-Chimané		hœʔ'seʔ				primarily transitive	See Language page
Movima	pa-yes-na	pa-jes-na				primarily transitive	See Language page
Muinane	xɨ́gíkku-ʔi (sniff), úsu-ʔi, nɨ́nɨɨkkɨ-ʔi	xɨ́gíkku-ʔi (sniff), úsu-ʔi, nɨ́nɨɨkkɨ-ʔi				primarily transitive	See Language page
Muisca	zmuysquysuca	tʂmuɨskuɨsuka				primarily transitive	See Language page
Murui Witoto	hadʒe-de (intr)	hadʒɛ-dɛ (intr)		inheritance/Witoto		primarily transitive	See Language page
Mutsun	hussen			inheritance			O77:172
Nadëb/Rio Negro dialect		hã:k				primarily transitive	See Language page
Nadëb/Roçado dialect		hɨ̃:k, hʌ̃g		inheritance		primarily transitive	See Language page
Napo Lowland Quichua	muctina	muktina				primarily transitive	See Language page
Nheengatu	uçetúna	usetuna		inheritance		primarily transitive	See Language page
Ninam	rĩša, ɨkɨka (EM72)	ɾĩʃa, ɨkɨka		inheritance		primarily transitive	See Language page
Nisenan	hi:			inheritance
Nivaclé		-nsiȼˀaʔ	sniff			primarily transitive	https://ids.clld.org/
Northern Emberá	nẽʉ̃́ĩn	nẽʉ̃́ĩn				primarily transitive	See Language page
Northern Paiute	igwi			loan into protolanguage			Thornes 03:55
Northern Sierra Miwok	huka-			inheritance
Nukak		wĩĩh3		loan	Tukanoan: e.g. Desano, Wanano, Macuna wĩhĩ	primarily transitive	See Language page
Nɨpode Witoto	hadʒé-de	hadʒέ-dɛ				primarily transitive	See Language page
Ocaina	dyooro (verb 'oler')	dʲooro (verb 'oler')		unique		primarily transitive	See Language page
Paraguayan Guaraní		aⁿdu; h-etũ				primarily transitive	See Language page
Paresi	aexetya	aeʃetya		unknown		primarily transitive	See Language page
Pemon	transitive: kuika, intransitive: kenuma, ikenuma, keneta (A1981); ikui'ka (M2000)	kuika, kenuma, ikenuma, keneta (A1981)		unique		primarily transitive	See Language page
Piapoco	sàni	sàni				primarily transitive	See Language page
Piaroa	kɨrɨ'puɨh	kɨrɨɁpuɨh		unknown		primarily transitive	See Language page
Pilagá		yi-ta				Lit. '3pa-smell (trans.)'.	See Language page
Plains Miwok	hukju-			inheritance
Playero		tuxúba, tuxúne, 'está oliena' - 'he is smelling'				primarily transitive	See Language page
Puinave	[-'ha-si + hik]	ha-si + hik		unique		primarily transitive	See Language page
Pumé	pjĩdö					primarily transitive	See Language page
Páez	putáa	putáa				primarily transitive	See Language page
Qawasqar		xanḳstas				Fi, Hy record oks for South QWS. Cf. 'fragrant' 15.250 and 'stinking' 15.260.	See Language page
Quechua Ayacuchano	muskiy	muskij				primarily transitive	See Language page
Resígaro	mókhó	mókʰó		inheritance		primarily transitive	See Language page
Salinan A	me:/s (A),			unknown
Salinan M	mi/slip			unknown			Mason 1918:144
Sanapaná/Dialect Angaité		antikhanki				primarily transitive	See Language page
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet		nentekhaneem; neŋleŋayˀ				primarily transitive	See Language page
Sanumá	niša, ususa (EM72)	niʃa, ususa		inheritance		primarily transitive	See Language page
Secoya	sëñe	sɨ̃ñɛ̃				primarily transitive	See Language page
Selknam		ṣ-we				primarily transitive	See Language page
Seri (Comcaac)	cosi/i			unknown
Serrano	hukim (-a-)			loan direction unknown
Sikuani	itaboxo (3)	tuxúne, tuxúba(pl)		inheritance		primarily transitive	See Language page
Siona	yi'eji	jiʔehi		inheritance		primarily transitive	See Language page
Siriano	wĩ'hĩ́-	wĩ'hĩ́-				primarily transitive	See Language page
Sirionó	setõ (P85)	setõ		inheritance		primarily transitive	See Language page
Southern Paiute	ugwi-			loan into protolanguage
Southern Pastaza Quechua	muctina	muktina				primarily transitive	See Language page
Southern Sierra Miwok	huka:-j-			inheritance
Southern Ute	ugwi			loan into protolanguage
Suyá	kupã	kupã				primarily transitive	See Language page
Sáliva	ñoajaha	ɲoahaʔa		unknown		primarily transitive	See Language page
Tacana		waniba-				primarily transitive	See Language page
Tanimuca	wĩʔ'ĩ ri'ka; hĩ'ã ri'ka	wĩʔ'ĩ ri'ka; hĩ'ã ri'ka		inheritance		primarily transitive	See Language page
Tariana	emé	emé		inheritance		primarily transitive	See Language page
Tatuyo	'wĩdĩ-	'wĩdĩ-				primarily transitive	See Language page
Taushiro	a´tohon	aʔtohon				primarily transitive	See Language page
Tehuelche		'hēl-				primarily transitive	See Language page
Tikuna	naʔpaʔáka (Alv44)	naʔpaʔáka		unique		primarily transitive	See Language page
Toba		i-ta				primarily transitive	See Language page
Trinitario		#NAME?				primarily transitive	See Language page
Tukano	wĩhî	wĩhî		inheritance	E Tuk	primarily transitive	See Language page
Tuyuka	wĩ'dĩ	wĩ'dĩ				primarily transitive	See Language page
Tümpisa Shoshone	ykwikkan			loan into protolanguage
Urarina	aona	aona		unique		primarily transitive	See Language page
Wai Wai	w-esunku-∅ / ∅-koto-wa-sɨ	w-esunku-∅ / ∅-koto-wa-sɨ		unknown		primarily transitive	See Language page
Waikhana	wĩ'hĩ-	wĩ'hĩ-				primarily transitive	See Language page
Waimaja	wĩnĩ́ñã	wĩnĩ́ɲã				primarily transitive	See Language page
Walmajarri	parntima-			inheritance
Waorani	we õgõ			unique		primarily transitive	See Language page
Wapishana	dama-n	dama-n		inheritance	Proto-Arawak	primarily transitive	See Language page
Wappo	k'u/hsha7			unknown
Wari	nac (E&K97)	nak (E&K97)				primarily transitive	See Language page
Washo	pa/lal			unknown			J457
Waurá	kã-iyãla (intransitive verb); ãɨta; eteme ĩyãla (transitive verb); ãɨta ("sniff")	kã-ijãla; ãɨta; eteme ĩjãla; ãɨta		unknown		primarily transitive	See Language page
Wayampi	-ɛ̃tɔ̃; -tũ	-ɛ̃tɔ̃; -tũ		inheritance		primarily transitive	See Language page
Wayana	pok	pok		inheritance		primarily transitive	See Language page
Wayuu		aaľa ehu				primarily transitive	See Language page
Western Mono	egwi-			loan into protolanguage, direction unknown
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay		la-'nih				Noun form.	See Language page
Wintu	sube:			inheritance
Yabarana		potihie				primarily transitive	See Language page
Yagua	baya (int.); nari (trans.)	baja:; nari		unique		primarily transitive	See Language page
Yaminahua		ṣ̌ɨtɨ a-ki				primarily transitive	See Language page
Yanomam	rĩša, rĩarišipra (EM72)	ɾĩʃa, ɾĩaɾiʃipɾa		inheritance		primarily transitive	See Language page
Yanomami	ũkũkaɨ, ũkũkũaɨ, ũkũkũmaɨ	ũkũkaɨ, ũkũkũaɨ, ũkũkũmaɨ		inheritance		primarily transitive	See Language page
Yavapai	hWi/			inheritance
Yavitero	ľ̥imeta	ľ̥imeta				primarily transitive	See Language page
Yokuts Yawdanchi	hOng 236; 249	O is w/ umlaut		inheritance			K07:236,49
Yokuts Yowlumne	*Se:niT'			inheritance			N1944:39
Yukpa	jümujke, sumuske, turakie, türakümak					primarily transitive	See Language page
Yukuna	ama'akaje	amaʔakahe		inheritance		primarily transitive	See Language page
Yuruti	'wɨ̃́dĩĩ-	'wɨ̃́dĩĩ-				primarily transitive	See Language page
Záparo	nahuunu	nahuːnu				primarily transitive	See Language page


Achagua
Aché
Aguaruna
Akawaio
Andoke
Apalai
Ashuar
Ayoreo
Baniwa
Barasano
Bará
Baure
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone
Bora
Cahuilla
Camsa
Carapana
Carijona
Cavineña
Cayuvava
Central Aymara
Central Sierra Miwok
Cha'palaa
Chemehuevi
Chipaya
Chiriguano
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja
Chumash Barbareno
Chumash Obispeno
Chumash Ventureno
Chácobo
Cocopa
Cofán
Comanche
Cubeo
Cuiva
Cupeño
Desano
Djeoromitxi
Dâw
Epena
Ese Ejja/Huarayo
Eñepa
Gajirrabeng
Guayabero
Gurindji
Hodï
Huambisa
Hup
Ignaciano
Iipay 'Aa
Ingá
Iquito
Kabiyari
Kaingang
Kakataibo
Kakua
Kamayurá
Kariña
Karitiana
Katukina
Kawaiisu
Kija
Kiliwa
Kitanemuk
Kokama
Koreguaje
Kotiria
Kwazá
Lake Miwok
Lengua
Lokono
Luiseño
Maca
Macaguan
Maidu
Maihiki
Makiritare
Makuna
Makushi
Mapoyo
Mapudungun
Matses
Minica Witoto
Miriwung
Mocoví
Mojave
Mosetén-Chimané
Movima
Muinane
Muisca
Murui Witoto
Mutsun
Nadëb/Rio Negro dialect
Nadëb/Roçado dialect
Napo Lowland Quichua
Nheengatu
Ninam
Nisenan
Nivaclé
Northern Emberá
Northern Paiute
Northern Sierra Miwok
Nukak
Nɨpode Witoto
Ocaina
Paraguayan Guaraní
Paresi
Pemon
Piapoco
Piaroa
Pilagá
Plains Miwok
Playero
Puinave
Pumé
Páez
Qawasqar
Quechua Ayacuchano
Resígaro
Salinan A
Salinan M
Sanapaná/Dialect Angaité
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet
Sanumá
Secoya
Selknam
Seri (Comcaac)
Serrano
Sikuani
Siona
Siriano
Sirionó
Southern Paiute
Southern Pastaza Quechua
Southern Sierra Miwok
Southern Ute
Suyá
Sáliva
Tacana
Tanimuca
Tariana
Tatuyo
Taushiro
Tehuelche
Tikuna
Toba
Trinitario
Tukano
Tuyuka
Tümpisa Shoshone
Urarina
Wai Wai
Waikhana
Waimaja
Walmajarri
Waorani
Wapishana
Wappo
Wari
Washo
Waurá
Wayampi
Wayana
Wayuu
Western Mono
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay
Wintu
Yabarana
Yagua
Yaminahua
Yanomam
Yanomami
Yavapai
Yavitero
Yokuts Yawdanchi
Yokuts Yowlumne
Yukpa
Yukuna
Yuruti
Záparo

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