Hunter-Gatherer Language Database

thatch/roof

Semantic Field: culture-material
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish: crisneja
Meaning Portuguese: palha, caraná

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Language	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Proto-Form	Proto-Language	Loan Source	Wanderwort Status	Etyma Set	Etymology Notes	Word Structure	Word Structure Notes	General Notes	Source

Language	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Proto-Language	Loan Source	Etymology Notes	Word Structure	Word Structure Notes	General Notes	Source
Achagua	náanimaʃi	náanimaʃi		unknown							See Language page
Aguaruna	duka inumha hɨgamk-amu (IDS)	duka inumha hɨgamk-amu		inheritance							See Language page
Apalai	marariary	marariarɨ		unknown							See Language page
Ashuar	núka najántramu	nuka najantra mu									See Language page
Baniwa	ttíña	t̪íɲa		inheritance				Simplex			See Language page
Bankalachi Toloim	she-nil “arbor, brush roof-canopy” 187			unknown
Baure	čipi	tʃipi		unknown							See Language page
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone	missing			missing
Bora	ajɨ	axɨ		inheritance							See Language page
Cahuilla	kis-vaxat			unique							S&H 1979
Camsa	tsíxnaɲe, bonxanána	tsíxnaɲe, bonxanána									See Language page
Candoshi-Shapra	yarápaya	jaɾápaja		loan		Quechua					See Language page
Canela		po									See Language page
Carapana	mui	mũi									See Language page
Cavineña	noc̷a e-tare; c̷ohi (The former is "thatch"; the latter is "roof")	noča e-tare; čohi		unknown							See Language page
Central Aymara		wičʰu xičʰu									See Language page
Cha'palaa		'haki; ya 'haki									See Language page
Chemehuevi	taka/(a)			inheritance
Chipaya		čoxša								Refers to the 'tola' for the roof. Cf. Quechua 'hut' 07.130. also pʰit, 'straw'.	See Language page
Chiriguano		kapii		inheritance							See Language page
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja		sawo ipyek								Lit. 'house-thatch'.	See Language page
Chumash Barbareno	7ixti/sh			inheritance							Beeler 1978
Chumash Cruzeno	7ulushaw			unknown							JPH
Chumash Ineseno	ixty7sh “roof, thatch”			inheritance							A 80
Chumash Ventureno	7ixty			unknown							JPH
Chácobo	ṣ̌ɨpamɨ ("roof")	ṣ̌ɨpamɨ ("roof")		inheritance							See Language page
Cocopa	xanya:/r, xa:nya/:r “domed roof”, wa ya:l, way wal “roof of a ramada”			unknown
Cofán	ccaqueje	khakyɛhɛ								phonemic transcriptions are ESTIMATIONS	See Language page
Cubeo	chínañʉ	tʃínaɲʉ	thatch palm	unique							See Language page
Cupeño	te:cho	[te:tʃo]		loan
Desano	mujire	muhire		inheritance							See Language page
Djeoromitxi	hi	hi									See Language page
Dâw	poòy	pɔ̂j		unique				Simplex			See Language page
Epena		te 'kʰiru								Lit. 'house leaf'.	See Language page
Ese Ejja		ewisawiʔtaxi		unknown							See Language page
Ese Ejja/Huarayo	#NAME?										See Language page
Eñepa	wana'ipun, echipun, Var. I'chipun (MM)	wanaʔipun, echipun, Var. iʔchipun (MM)		unknown					osae= kind of palm; yan= leaf		See Language page
Gajirrabeng	X			missing
Guayabero	ba-bɨ́t			unknown							See Language page
Gurindji	kantata			unique
Hodï	bãlaya			unique				Simplex			See Language page
Huambisa	shikiri	ʃikiri									See Language page
Hup	tɔ̌p-g'æt	tɔ̌p-g'æt		unique				Compound	house(archaic)=CL:leaf		See Language page
Ignaciano		muihi									See Language page
Iquito	itaári	itaári		unique							See Language page
Kabiyari	t̪íija	t̪íija									See Language page
Kaingang	ẽkrè fòr	ẽkɾɛ fɔɾ									See Language page
Kakataibo		ṣ̌ɨo								See 'weave, hammock, net bag'.	See Language page
Kakua	mɨ̌-nɨ̂w	nɨw [leaf]		unknown			Compare Hup, Tukanoan	Compound	house-palm.leaf(type?)		See Language page
Kariña	ahpei	ahpei	weave roof			Yamada 2010:707
Katukina		pɨʔi								Also means 'feather' 04.393; 'leaf' 08.560.	See Language page
Kawaiisu	chikupu-wa=aka kahni-ja			unknown
Kija	X			missing
Kiliwa	h+say (vb)			unknown							Mixco 1985
Kitanemuk	hama7n (“grass”)			inheritance
Kokama	pinawa	pinawa		inheritance							See Language page
Kotiria	mujiõ (Waltz)	muhiõ (Waltz)		inheritance	Proto-Tukanoan			Simplex			See Language page
Kwazá	hakikanɛxy	hakikanɛxy									See Language page
Lake Miwok	cu/ulculu “one-way roof”			unknown
Lengua		paat ap-pakɬan-ma								paat is 'grass' 08.510.	See Language page
Lokono	ado(-ho)	ado(-ho)	roof								Pet 1987:369
Luiseño	kotla-sh			unknown							Elliott
Macaguan	ja-korchít	pe-jakatarabia		unknown				Complex			See Language page
Maihiki	edi ñi ja	edi ɲi xã		unknown		Murui Witoto					See Language page
Makushi	kuwai jare	kuwai jare		unknown				Other complex	kuwai=??; yare= leaf		See Language page
Mapudungun		kɨna ruka									See Language page
Matses	cacho 'roof'	katʃo 'roof'		unknown							See Language page
Miriwung	X			missing
Mojave	7amayly			inheritance
Mosetén-Chimané		kaʔtap'haʔ								Also means 'roof' 07.510, made of 'palma jatata'.	See Language page
Movima	ɗi-mas	ɗi-mas									See Language page
Muinane	jáje (W97)	xáxe									See Language page
Murui Witoto	ereji, erei	ɛrɛhi, ɛrɛi (B83)		unique							See Language page
Nadëb/Roçado dialect		kapɔːɲ, tapɔːɲ		unique		possibly cognate Dâw					See Language page
Napo Lowland Quichua	irapai	iɾapai									See Language page
Nheengatu	apé, karanã, kawayá	apé, karanã, kawayá		unknown				Simplex			See Language page
Ninam	yaa-hena-k (ids)	yaa-hena-k (ids)		inheritance	Proto Ninam/Yanomami/Yanomam			Compound	a kind of plant-leaf-plural		See Language page
Nivaclé		#NAME?									See Language page
Northern Emberá	ho'a- 'thatch' (IDS)	ho'a- 'thatch' (IDS)									See Language page
Nukak		nɛɛʔ3at1		unknown							See Language page
Ocaina	ayíívi (thatched roof)	ajííβi (thatched roof)		unique							See Language page
Paraguayan Guaraní		'oɣa-hoʔi-kapiʔi									See Language page
Paresi	kaˈlana; malamala	kaˈlana; malamala		loan, unknown		Tupi-Guarani					See Language page
Piaroa	wE'módeh 'roof' (K76)	wæʔmódeh 'roof'		unknown							See Language page
Pilagá		ʔawaḳa-pi								Lit. 'grass-plm'.	See Language page
Plains Miwok	hi:ni- “thick roof”			unknown
Puinave	soyõn	sojõn		unique							See Language page
Pumé	udi (thatch); čʰoã-reã (roof)										See Language page
Resígaro	kaádó	kaádó		inheritance							See Language page
Salinan A	tex			unknown							Pinart (Heizer)
Salinan M	missing			missing
Sanapaná/Dialect Angaité		ao-aok								Also apkilanaia paat apɬankok.	See Language page
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet		paʔat; awʔaok									See Language page
Seri (Comcaac)	haaco isxa/p			unknown
Sikuani	malenae (31)	malénaé		unknown							See Language page
Sirionó	kiata; tai ~ tei; tai kiite (the former is "thatch", the other two are "roof")	kiata; tai ~ tei; tai kiite		unknown							See Language page
Southern Sierra Miwok	lil:e-m:-t:Y-7-hY:			inheritance
Southern Ute	kani7Uvwa7aag'atY			unique
Tariana	yépu, pune-pína	jépu, pune-pína		unknown		cf. Cocama (Tupi) pinawa	Alternate: jépu, pune-pína	Simplex			See Language page
Taushiro	ahan	ahan									See Language page
Tikuna	tchú-ná (Alv44)	tʃúʔná		unknown							See Language page
Tiriyó	pakoro (roof of a house)	pakoro		unknown							See Language page
Toba		ʔawaḳ-pi								Lit. 'grass-plural many'.	See Language page
Trumai	damok	damok		unique							See Language page
Tukano	muhî	muhî		inheritance	Proto-Tukanoan			Simplex			See Language page
Tübatulabal	wattangaa-n hanniiling “the top of the house”			unique
Wai Wai	mɨɨmo Φo-či	mɨɨmo Φo-či		unknown							See Language page
Walmajarri	?			missing
Waorani	õõ-ba-kõ			unique				Compound	õõ-ba=fan (n.); õ-kõ= house		See Language page
Wapishana	dyɨwɨẓɨadaʔɨ	dyɨwɨẓɨadaʔɨ		unknown			Also: anabaj (Santos 2006)				See Language page
Wappo	wi/l'ukh			unknown
Wari	torot (Sousa2009)	torot (Sousa2009)									See Language page
Washo	dáŋal gumʔuʔwá:dap			unknown							Washo Project
Waurá	ažata; ikic̷i	ažata; iki¢i		unknown							See Language page
Wayampi	ɔwi	ɔwi		unknown							See Language page
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay		hep								Also means 'grass'.	See Language page
Wintu	tis (on brush hut),			unknown
Yagua	saru	sarũ		unique							See Language page
Yaminahua		ṣ̌ɨpa pɨšɨ									See Language page
Yanomam	yaasfenak, kuai si (palm for thatch; WM99)	yaasfenak, kuai si (palm for thatch; WM99)	roofing leaves	inheritance	Proto Ninam/Yanomami/Yanomam			Simplex			See Language page
Yanomami	kohere, ikiyare	koheɾe, ikijaɾe		unknown							See Language page
Yavapai	cha/:he “top, roof”			unknown
Yavitero	hu'ne¢i (thatch roof)	huʔnetsi (thatch roof)									See Language page
Yuhup	mɔy-k'ǽt	~bɔy-k'ǽt									See Language page
Yukpa	kuamo, kubamo, karana	kuamo, kubamo, karana									See Language page
Yukuna	karu	kaɾu		inheritance							See Language page
Yuma	cape/T “to thatch” H5:102			inheritance
Záparo	pasaicha	pasaitʃa									See Language page


Achagua
Aguaruna
Apalai
Ashuar
Baniwa
Bankalachi Toloim
Baure
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone
Bora
Cahuilla
Camsa
Candoshi-Shapra
Canela
Carapana
Cavineña
Central Aymara
Cha'palaa
Chemehuevi
Chipaya
Chiriguano
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja
Chumash Barbareno
Chumash Cruzeno
Chumash Ineseno
Chumash Ventureno
Chácobo
Cocopa
Cofán
Cubeo
Cupeño
Desano
Djeoromitxi
Dâw
Epena
Ese Ejja
Ese Ejja/Huarayo
Eñepa
Gajirrabeng
Guayabero
Gurindji
Hodï
Huambisa
Hup
Ignaciano
Iquito
Kabiyari
Kaingang
Kakataibo
Kakua
Kariña
Katukina
Kawaiisu
Kija
Kiliwa
Kitanemuk
Kokama
Kotiria
Kwazá
Lake Miwok
Lengua
Lokono
Luiseño
Macaguan
Maihiki
Makushi
Mapudungun
Matses
Miriwung
Mojave
Mosetén-Chimané
Movima
Muinane
Murui Witoto
Nadëb/Roçado dialect
Napo Lowland Quichua
Nheengatu
Ninam
Nivaclé
Northern Emberá
Nukak
Ocaina
Paraguayan Guaraní
Paresi
Piaroa
Pilagá
Plains Miwok
Puinave
Pumé
Resígaro
Salinan A
Salinan M
Sanapaná/Dialect Angaité
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet
Seri (Comcaac)
Sikuani
Sirionó
Southern Sierra Miwok
Southern Ute
Tariana
Taushiro
Tikuna
Tiriyó
Toba
Trumai
Tukano
Tübatulabal
Wai Wai
Walmajarri
Waorani
Wapishana
Wappo
Wari
Washo
Waurá
Wayampi
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay
Wintu
Yagua
Yaminahua
Yanomam
Yanomami
Yavapai
Yavitero
Yuhup
Yukpa
Yukuna
Yuma
Záparo

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