Languages of hunter-gatherers and their neighbors

stick/wood

Semantic Field
flora
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish
palo
Meaning Portuguese
pau, vara

Languages

Language Orthographic Form Phonemicized Form Gloss as in Source Etymology Code Proto-Form Proto-Language Loan Source Wanderwort Status Etyma Set Etymology Notes General Notes Source
Bankalachi Toloim o-oot' “any stick” inheritance
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone huu”-pin “tree, stick, wood, club” inheritance
Cahuilla kelaw-at inheritance S&H 1979
Central Sierra Miwok chiki/l:a- inheritance
Chemehuevi kukwa/p(i) inheritance
Chumash Barbareno pon' inheritance Klar 1977:115
Chumash Cruzeno pon' “stick, wood, tree” inheritance Klar 1977:116
Chumash Ineseno pon' inheritance Klar 1977:115
Chumash Obispeno pono7 inheritance Klar 1977:115
Chumash Ventureno pon' inheritance Klar 1977:115
Cocopa 7i: inheritance
Comanche huupI inheritance
Cupeño kelawa-t [kəˈlawət] inheritance
Esselen i7i inheritance Shaul 1995:199
Gabrielino kuta:/kota: inheritance
Iipay 'Aa ily [Ɂɪʎ] inheritance
Kawaiisu kuko-pi inheritance
Kiliwa 7-ipa7 “palo” 433 inheritance
Kitanemuk kuchat inheritance
Lake Miwok tu/maj inheritance
Luiseño kula:wu-t inheritance
Maidu c'a/ inheritance
Mojave 7a'ii inheritance
Mutsun tappur “wood” unknown O77:60
Nisenan c'a, c'a: inheritance
Northern Paiute huupi inheritance Thornes 03 early page
Northern Sierra Miwok le:ka- unknown
Plains Miwok tumaj inheritance
Salinan A Ta:/ka7ATh (A), unknown
Salinan M Ta:/kATa 'wood' unknown Mason 1918:130
Seri (Comcaac) hehe unknown
Serrano kuTa:-t inheritance
Southern Paiute quq:wa-G inheritance
Southern Sierra Miwok hyh:y-tki- loan into protolanguage, direction unknown
Southern Ute ivichI “stick” inheritance
Tübatulabal uu7u-t inheritance
Tümpisa Shoshone huuppin inheritance
Wappo ho/l loan into protolanguage
Washo ma7ag unknown J290
Western Mono kudu/' “stick” inheritance
Wintu k'ok loan into protolanguage
Yavapai ??i /: “wood, tree” inheritance
Yokuts Palewyami wechit unknown JPH Berman 2002
Yokuts Yawdanchi hUtac “wood” loan into protolanguage K07:243
Yokuts Yowlumne hit'es loan into protolanguage, direction unknown K 1963
Yuki 7al loan into protolanguage S&S 1984
Yuma 7a7i:/ “wood, tree” H3:209 inheritance
Baniwa háiko háiko inheritance See Language page
Carijona tikuetɨ inheritance See Language page
Cubeo aboðo; buraitʉcarʉ; jocʉjarave aboðo; buɾaitɨkaɾɨ; xokɨxaɾave unique; unknown See Language page
Dâw beedur bæduh inheritance See Language page
Desano yucʉgʉ jukɨgɨ inheritance See Language page
Eñepa iye (IDS) ije (IDS) inheritance See Language page
Waorani õgõ-to unique See Language page
Hup těg těg inheritance See Language page
Kakua mâ [tree], --naɁ [cl.tree.like/stick], tõp [vein] unique See Language page
Makushi meʔsipu (IDS) meʔsipu (IDS) unique See Language page
Nheengatu mirá mira inheritance See Language page
Nukak tɨ4naʔ4 unique See Language page
Maihiki masoyo ja masojo xã inheritance See Language page
Pemon yei, taikapu (A1981); dök, yök, yöi (M2000) dʒei, taikapu (A1981) inheritance See Language page
Resígaro aváanaí aváanaí inheritance See Language page
Sanumá hi ti (stick CL) hi ti (stick CL) unique See Language page
Sikuani náe-hawa, náe-bo inheritance See Language page
Tariana háiku, héku háiku, héku inheritance See Language page
Tukano jukɨ́ jukɨ́ inheritance E Tuk See Language page
Kotiria yucʉcʉ (Waltz) jukʉkʉ (Waltz) inheritance E Tuk See Language page
Yanomami kõã ãsho kõã ãʃo unique See Language page
Yukuna a'awaná aʔawaná inheritance See Language page
Yuhup tég tég inheritance See Language page
Gajirrabeng goolbeng inheritance
Gurindji karnti loan Miriwung
Kija kuwulu- inheritance
Miriwung gooleng inheritance
Walmajarri mana inheritance
Achagua áikuba áikuba inheritance See Language page
Piapoco àicu àiku See Language page
Yavitero ata ata See Language page
Wapishana atʰamɨnɨ atʰamɨnɨ inheritance Proto North Arawak See Language page
Wayuu wunuʔu See Language page
Yine hah-mɨna; mɨna See Language page
Paresi atyalihose atyalihotse inheritance See Language page
Ignaciano yukuki See Language page
Trinitario wkuɣi; ykuɣi See Language page
Baure yakis jakis inheritance See Language page
Waurá ata ata inheritance See Language page
Cha'palaa či See Language page
Bora ḯméʔe-i(tree?), ḯméʔe-kʰo, ḯmé-ne-pa ɯ́mέʔɛ-i(trɛɛ?), ɯ́mέʔɛ-kʰo, ɯ́mέ-nɛ-pa inheritance See Language page
Muinane ɨ́meeʔ-i, dʒári-ga ɨ́mɛɛʔ-i, dʒári-ga See Language page
Akawaio yöi jöi inheritance Venezuelan See Language page
Akawaio/Ingariko dialect yëi jɤi See Language page
Apalai nonoaty, wewe nonoatɨ, wewe unknown; inheritance See Language page
Wayana wewe wewe inheritance See Language page
Makiritare dēɨ (IDS) dēɨ (IDS) inheritance See Language page
Mapoyo yëhE (stick and wood, same as tree) jɛhə (stick and wood, same as tree) See Language page
Wai Wai weewe weewe inheritance See Language page
Waimiri Atroari wiwe wiwi See Language page
Yukpa ué, vean, vi See Language page
Kalapalo i i inheritance See Language page
Barí kaa Colombia: kãtunə, means 'stick'. See Language page
Northern Emberá hʉwáte hʉwáte See Language page
Epena pa'kʰuru See Language page
Guayabero ne, nae inheritance Proto-Guahiban See Language page
Macaguan nehá inheritance Proto-Guahiban See Language page
Cuiva náe-to palo, stick Huber & Reed 1992:160
Playero né-hewa See Language page
Cofán quini'cco, ttemba kiniʔkho, thɛmba phonemic transcriptions are ESTIMATIONS See Language page
Candoshi-Shapra yasina jasina unique See Language page
Páez vitó vito See Language page
Tikuna nái (Alv44) nái unique See Language page
Urarina enïa enʉa unique See Language page
Camsa niɲɨ-ɕe niɲɨ-ɕe See Language page
Andoke -kẽ́ -kẽ́ unique See Language page
Pumé tó See Language page
Puinave [-pun] pun unique See Language page
Ashuar númi, yúmi numi, jumi See Language page
Huambisa numi numi See Language page
Aguaruna númi numi inheritance See Language page
Nadëb/Roçado dialect tǝ:g, ba̱:h inheritance; inheritance See Language page
Matses cueste kueste unknown See Language page
Kakataibo ii *Panoan *tara with related meanings 'driftwood, rotten log, fallen tree'. *Panoan *taṣ̌a with related meanings 'driftwood, log jam in river, trees partly submerged'. See Language page
Katukina hiwi kaškɨ See Language page
Shipibo-Konibo hiwi See Language page
Yaminahua koṣ̌a See Language page
Chácobo hiwi hiwi inheritance See Language page
Yagua jipu xipu unique See Language page
Southern Pastaza Quechua caspi kaspi See Language page
Ingá kaspi kaspi See Language page
Napo Lowland Quichua caspi kaspi See Language page
Quechua Ayacuchano kaspi kaspi See Language page
Piaroa ra'uh, dáuh (palo, tree) raɁuh, dáuh unknown See Language page
Bará ju'kɨ See Language page
Barasano jukɨ́ jukɨ́ See Language page
Carapana 'júkɨ́ 'júkɨ́ See Language page
Makuna gũmu; 'wacʉ (used for dancing) gũmu; 'wakɨ loan; unknown WW kumu log, signal drum, canoe See Language page
Yuruti ju'kɨ́-gɨ ju'kɨ́-gɨ See Language page
Waikhana ju'kɨ sɨ ju'kɨ sɨ See Language page
Siriano ju'kɨ́-gɨ ju'kɨ́-gɨ See Language page
Tanimuca ja'pu-a ja'pu-a unknown See Language page
Tatuyo 'júkɨ 'júkɨ See Language page
Tuyuka ju'kɨ ju'kɨ See Language page
Waimaja jú'kɨ́-gɨ jú'kɨ́-gɨ See Language page
Koreguaje vãsocho bãsodʒo inheritance See Language page
Siona huanso, tëca wanso, tɨka inheritance See Language page
Secoya tarapë ta'řapɨ See Language page
Kokama ɨwɨra ɨwɨra inheritance See Language page
Wayampi wɨla wɨla inheritance See Language page
Aché wɨra inheritance See Language page
Chiriguano ɨwɨra inheritance See Language page
Paraguayan Guaraní ɨvɨra See Language page
Sirionó ira ira inheritance See Language page
Ocaina dyáátya; am̈uunñ..a dʲáátʲa; am:ɯ̃ɯ̃ɲa inheritance See Language page
Nɨpode Witoto ráda, radóti ráda, radóti See Language page
Minica Witoto ráda, radóθi, aména ráda, radóθi, amέna See Language page
Murui Witoto amena, rada, radoθi amɛna, rada, radoθi inheritance See Language page
Iquito náana náana unique See Language page
Záparo amaka, nakuna amaka, nakuna See Language page
Wari pana pana Also means 'tree'; wiyimain pana means 'stick', lit. 'small wood'. See Language page
Araona amaha Refers to a type of w., heart wood, which is hard. Cf. 'molartooth' 04.272. See Language page
Ese Ejja/Huarayo akwi (Girard 1971) akwi See Language page
Cavineña taora; akʷi taora; akʷi loan; inheritance Spanish See Language page
Central Aymara lawa kˀulʸu See Language page
Cayuvava 'naare ~ nãræ ~ nare See Language page
Kwazá ywynwỹ, ywynwỹtsu, tsu, tsĩrjẽ-, -kanɛ ywynwỹ, ywynwỹtsu, tsu, tsĩrjẽ-, -kanɛ See Language page
Mosetén-Chimané ['tabra] From Span. 'tabla'. See Language page
Movima koʔo koʔo See Language page
Trumai ɨuɨr ɨuɨr doubtful loan, direction unknown Suyá See Language page
Kaingang ka ka See Language page
Canela ha-ppɨ *Jê form is *mɨ. See Language page
Suyá ywɨrɔ jwɨrɔ See Language page
Djeoromitxi ku ku See Language page
Chipaya para Refers to a small stick used for weaving or measuring. See Language page
Mocoví ḳoʔpaḳ Masc. form; cf. previous entry. See Language page
Pilagá naʔ ʔipaḳ; diʔ ʔepaḳ Lit. 'the (masc)-wood'. See Language page
Toba ʔipaḳ See Language page
Lengua yantesiksik See Language page
Sanapaná/Dialect Angaité yamit aisiksik See Language page
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet yaamet; yaamet ayseksek See Language page
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja alaʔ See Language page
Maca naxak (m.) See Language page
Nivaclé yeklɔʔ wood https://ids.clld.org/
Ayoreo eero-'godeʔ Also means 'firewood'. See Language page
Mapudungun mamɨlʸ Same form in Ranquel. See Language page
Selknam winči See Language page
Tehuelche 'bewln Also 'kˀāk, 'mata, leña'; 'kˀāk 'aškˀn, lit. 'firewood inside, ' or 'matorral'. See Language page
Lokono ada ada stick Pet 1987:372
Kariña epy epɨ stick; stem; tree Yamada 2010:732