Hunter-Gatherer Language Database

policeman

Semantic Field: acculturation
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish: polícia
Meaning Portuguese: policía

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Language	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Proto-Form	Proto-Language	Loan Source	Wanderwort Status	Etyma Set	Etymology Notes	Word Structure	Word Structure Notes	General Notes	Source

Language	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Loan Source	Wanderwort Status	Etyma Set	Etymology Notes	Word Structure	Word Structure Notes	Source
Bankalachi Toloim	missing			missing
Bardi	li:nytya			semantic shift
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone	tyca-ttemah		policeman	unique					compound	temaah 'to obey'	Crapo 1976
Bunuba	limpa			loan	Karajarri	WW	%limpa
Burarra	an-batyirra			unique
Cahuilla	missing			missing
Cavineña	purisha (C&L89)	puriʃa									See Language page
Central Sierra Miwok	missing			missing
Chemehuevi	tapicacI		lawman, police	unknown				same in S. Ute	derived, other complex	tapic 'tie'	Press 1979
Chumash Barbareno	missing			missing
Chumash Ineseno	missing			missing
Chumash Obispeno	missing			missing
Chumash Ventureno	missing			missing
Cocopa	capáy kWaxí:r		policeman	unknown					phrase	person catch	Crawford 1989
Comanche	tyyhtamuh raibo7		policeman, sheriff	unique					phrase	whiteman who ties us up	R
Cupeño	missing			missing
Dhuwal	ḏapman			loan with semantic shift
Djapu	rdapman			loan with semantic shift
Dâw	lêgad	legad		missing							See Language page
Esselen	missing			missing
Eñepa	timinchemënë', wariya (on call) (MM);	timintʃemënëʔ, warija (on call)		unique							See Language page
Gabrielino	missing			missing
Gooniyandi	limpa			loan	Walmajarri	WW	%limpa
Gumatj	biḻityuman			loan
Gurindji	munungku			loan	Jaminjung	WW	%munungku	string, semantic shift
Hup	podiciya (policia)	podicija (policia)		loan	Portuguese			maybe via Tukano	Simplex		See Language page
Iipay 'Aa	kuchutt		boss, leader, ruler, chief, policeman	unknown				also pooliis	derived	agentive ku-	Couro & Hutcheson 1973
Jabirr-Jabirr	widirr			unknown
Jaru	ngarrampalyaka			unknown
Jawi	linja			semantic shift
Jingulu	ngarrampalyaka			unknown
Karajarri	limpa			loan		WW	%limpa
Kariña	typepotyren	tɨpepotɨren	police officer		Courtz 2007:403
Kawaiisu	poro-ga-dy		policeman	unique				poro 'club, nightstick'	derived, other complex	poro 'to walk with a stick'	Zigmond et al. 1990
Kija	mernmertkaliny			inheritance				tie (mert) REDUP AGENT	complex
Kiliwa	ipaa-m=kw+skwaa-y		policeman (lit. people guard)	unknown					compound		Mixco 1985
Kitanemuk	missing			missing
Kotiria	surara	surara		loan		WW			Simplex		See Language page
Lake Miwok	čiríife		police	loan	Spanish	WW	%cherife		simplex		Callaghan 1965
Lokono	bariri	baɾiɾi	police officer (m. or f.)								Pet 1987:368
Luiseño	to$ngukat		policeman, officer, justice of the peace, commander,director, principal (of school), driver	unique					derived, other complex		Elliott 1999
Maidu	missing			missing
Mangala	rlinytyu			loan	Nyulnyulan
Miriwung	tyentupang			inheritance				string (tyentu) HAING	complex
Mojave	pi7pa kuchiir		policeman	unknown					phrase	achhiir 'imprison many people'	Munro et al. 1992
Mudburra	tyikalawurru			derived				tyikala chain <spinifex wax HAVING	derived
Mutsun	missing			missing
Ngarluma	marntamaraŋka			loan direction unknown
Nimanburru	limb			semantic shift
Nisenan	missing			missing
Northern Paiute	tuggwutumadu		police	unique					compound, other complex		Yerington 1987
Northern Sierra Miwok	missing			missing
Nyikina	limpa, linytyu			semantic shift
Nyulnyul	limba			semantic shift
Paresi	sorare	sorare									See Language page
Piaroa	ćura'nau'icah	s'uraɁnauɁisah									See Language page
Plains Miwok	ceri:fe		policeman	loan	Spanish	WW	%cherife		simplex		Callaghan 1984
Rembarrnga	ŋuwahtyirr@h			semantic shift
Salinan A	missing			missing
Salinan M	missing			missing
Seri (Comcaac)	ziix quixáaza		soldier, police (persona con arma)	unknown					phrase		Moser & Marlett 2005
Serrano	wyčy:ka7		police officer	unique				analysis uncertain, root looks like 'man' to me JHH	other complex		K. Hill Dict.
Southern Paiute	missing			missing
Southern Sierra Miwok	missing			missing
Southern Ute	tApi-c7a-cI		sheriff, policeman	unknown				same in Chemehuevi	derived, other complex	tApic7ay 'tie, handcuff'	Givon
Tübatulabal	nahhakkannan		sheriff, police, agent	unique					derived, other complex		K. Hill Tub>Eng
Tümpisa Shoshone	potongkwantyn		policeman, cop (one characterized by a club)	unique					compound		Dayley 1989
Walmajarri	limpa			loan direction unknown
Wappo	číri:fa7		policeman, sheriff	loan	Spanish	WW	%cherife		simplex		Sawyer 1965
Wardaman	yinyikpan			inheritance				<nyik ?tie [not listed]	complex
Warrwa	li:mba, li:nyju			loan		WW	%limpa
Washo	missing			missing
Western Mono	missing			missing
Wintu	činitopi		sheriff (lit. one who catches)	semantic shift					derived		Schlichter 1981
Yagua	podiciya	podisiya									See Language page
Yavapai	missing			missing
Yawuru	linju			semantic shift
Yokuts Palewyami	missing			missing
Yokuts Yawdanchi	missing			missing
Yokuts Yawelmani	missing			missing
Yuki	missing			missing
Yukpa	kurip sené, porihia, porisia										See Language page
Yulparija	kaluŋarnarra			semantic shift


Bankalachi Toloim
Bardi
Big Smokey Valley Shoshone
Bunuba
Burarra
Cahuilla
Cavineña
Central Sierra Miwok
Chemehuevi
Chumash Barbareno
Chumash Ineseno
Chumash Obispeno
Chumash Ventureno
Cocopa
Comanche
Cupeño
Dhuwal
Djapu
Dâw
Esselen
Eñepa
Gabrielino
Gooniyandi
Gumatj
Gurindji
Hup
Iipay 'Aa
Jabirr-Jabirr
Jaru
Jawi
Jingulu
Karajarri
Kariña
Kawaiisu
Kija
Kiliwa
Kitanemuk
Kotiria
Lake Miwok
Lokono
Luiseño
Maidu
Mangala
Miriwung
Mojave
Mudburra
Mutsun
Ngarluma
Nimanburru
Nisenan
Northern Paiute
Northern Sierra Miwok
Nyikina
Nyulnyul
Paresi
Piaroa
Plains Miwok
Rembarrnga
Salinan A
Salinan M
Seri (Comcaac)
Serrano
Southern Paiute
Southern Sierra Miwok
Southern Ute
Tübatulabal
Tümpisa Shoshone
Walmajarri
Wappo
Wardaman
Warrwa
Washo
Western Mono
Wintu
Yagua
Yavapai
Yawuru
Yokuts Palewyami
Yokuts Yawdanchi
Yokuts Yawelmani
Yuki
Yukpa
Yulparija

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