Hunter-Gatherer Language Database

squash

Semantic Field: flora-fauna
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish: calabaza, calabacines, auyamas, zapallos, huingo (Peru)
Meaning Portuguese: abóbora

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Language	Linnean Name	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Proto-Form	Proto-Language	Loan Source	Etymology Notes	Wanderwort Status	Etyma Set	Range of Term	Word Structure	Word Structure Notes	Classifier	Classifier Notes	Hypernym	Source	Association with Social Categories	Ritual/Mythologically Significant	Ritual Notes	Food Source	Food Notes	Medicinal	Medicinal Notes	How Collected	Who Collects	How Prepared	Psychotropic	Psychotropic Notes	Traded	Trade Notes	Distribution	Habitat	Dangerous	Ethnobiology Notes	Species Notes	General Notes

Language	Linnean Name	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Proto-Language	Loan Source	Etymology Notes	Range of Term	Word Structure	Word Structure Notes	Classifier	Source	Ritual/Mythologically Significant	Food Source	Medicinal	How Collected	Who Collects	How Prepared	Psychotropic	Traded	Trade Notes	Dangerous	General Notes
Achagua	Cucurbita sp.	kúiru	kúiru		loan, direction unknown		Maku kuilu						See Language page											plant
Aguaruna	Cucurbita sp.	yuwí ('zapallo')	juwí ('zapallo')		inheritance								See Language page											plant
Araona	Cucurbita sp.		hemi										See Language page											Tacn form is xemi.
Ashuar	Cucurbita sp.	yúmi	júmi										See Language page											plant
Ayoreo	Cucurbita sp.		pu'ruua										See Language page											plant
Baure	Cucurbita sp.	kopitiek	kopitiek		unknown								See Language page											plant
Bora	Cucurbita sp.	doóto	toótʰo		loan into protolanguage, direction unknown		Candoshi; cognate in Muinane (meaning unclear)						See Language page											plant
Candoshi-Shapra	Cucurbita sp.	tódó	tóntó		loan, direction unknown		Boran						See Language page											plant
Cavineña	Cucurbita sp.	kemi	kemi										See Language page											plant
Central Aymara	Cucurbita sp.	lakayuti (P04)	lakajuti										See Language page											plant
Cha'palaa	Cucurbita sp.		ʔu										See Language page											plant
Chiriguano	Cucurbita sp.		gʷiⁿdaka		unknown								See Language page											plant
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja	Cucurbita sp.		kiti-tok										See Language page											plant
Cofán	Cucurbita sp.	ccoa, cco'a (loan Tukanoan? 'calabaza, zapallo')	khoa, khoʔa										See Language page											phonemic transcriptions are ESTIMATIONS plant
Cubeo	Cucurbita sp.	ho'kó-rɨ	ho'kó-rɨ		missing	Proto-Tukanoan			Broader (also means bottle-gourd)	uncoded			See Language page	0	1	0				0	0		no	plant
Desano	Cucurbita sp.	ko'áru	ko'áru		missing	East Tukanoan, Branch I			Broader (also means bottle-gourd)	uncoded			See Language page	0	1	0				0	0		no	plant
Djeoromitxi	Cucurbita sp.	bzirima	bzirima										See Language page											plant
Dâw	Cucurbita sp.	limũù	limũ̂		loan		Tupi-Guarani			missing			See Language page	0	1	0				0	0		no	plant
Epena	Cucurbita sp.		[sa'pʰaya]										See Language page											From Span.
Ese Ejja	Cucurbita sp.		xemi										See Language page											plant
Ese Ejja/Huarayo	Cucurbita sp.	tepe	tepe										See Language page											plant
Eñepa	Cucurbita sp.	kayama; këtëm (MM)	kayama; kǝtǝm (MM)		inheritance	Attested Makushi, Eñepa	North Arawak	Wapishana: kʰauwiam					See Language page	0	1	0				0	0		no	plant
Guayabero	Cucurbita sp.	haʔ-t	haʔ-t		unknown			same as 'bottle-gourd'		uncoded			See Language page	0	1	0				0	0		no	plant
Hodï	Cucurbita sp.	jnuñejtu, jkujte (Cucurbita moschata) (Zent 08)			unknown			cf. jkujte (Cucurbita moschata), jnuñejtu (Zent 08)		uncoded			See Language page	0	1	0				0	0		no	plant
Huambisa	Cucurbita sp.	namuk, yuwi	namuk, juwi										See Language page											plant
Hup	Cucurbita sp.	b'ɔʔ-wæ̌d	b'ɔʔ-wæ̌d		semantic shift		cuia/Crescentia-eat'	eating gourd'		compound	gourd-eat		See Language page	0	1	0	cultivated	women	boiled and eaten; little used	0	0	attained through exchange with Tukanoans	no	plant
Ignaciano	Cucurbita sp.		makure										See Language page											plant
Ingá	Cucurbita sp.	sapallu											See Language page											plant
Iquito	Cucurbita sp.	sapáaya (MC: from Sp. zapallo); see also bottle-gourd	sapáaja (MC: from Sp. zapallo); see also bottle-gourd		loan		Quechua (via Spanish?)						See Language page											plant
Itonama	Cucurbita sp.		nikɨlɨpɨ										See Language page											plant
Kaingang	Cucurbita sp.	peho	pɛho; pɛhu										See Language page											plant
Kakataibo	Cucurbita sp.		βa'rã										See Language page											Panoan wara[n/mV].
Kakua	Cucurbita sp.		jujǔ-daɁ		unknown					missing			See Language page	0	1	0				0	0		no	plant
Kalapalo	Cucurbita sp.	itopui; topu	itopui; topu		unknown								See Language page											plant
Karajá	Cucurbita sp.		tɔera										See Language page											plant
Kariña	Cucurbita sp.	awỳjama	awɨɁjama	pumpkin, squash, vegetable marrow									Courtz 2007:250										no
Karitiana	Cucurbita sp.	pasi	pasi		unknown								See Language page											plant
Katukina	Cucurbita sp.		warã										See Language page											plant
Kotiria	Cucurbita sp.	wa'ha-ka	wa'ha-ka		missing	East Tukanoan		Also means 'bottle-gourd' in other ET languages		uncoded			See Language page	0	1	0				0	0		no	plant
Lengua	Cucurbita sp.		yan-siŋheyi; yakteba										See Language page											plant
Lokono	Cucurbita sp.	auyama	aujama	pumpkin									Fanshawe 1949:59										no
Maca	Cucurbita sp.		lekituk (f.)										See Language page											Cucurbita maxima. sac̷uk (f.) is 'zapallo caspi'.
Macaguan	Cucurbita sp.	aimút	rerbɨ		unknown					uncoded			See Language page	0	1	0				0	0		no	plant
Makiritare	Cucurbita sp.	weyama (KH) (means 'large gourd or pumpkin')	wejama (KH)		inheritance								See Language page											plant
Makuna	Cucurbita sp.	coa [?]	koa [?]		unknown		prob. Crescentia						See Language page											plant
Makushi	Cucurbita sp.	kaiyuma (SM)	kaiyuma (SM)		inheritance	Attested Makushi, Eñepa	North Arawak	Wapishana: kʰauwiam					See Language page	0	1	0				0	0		no	plant
Mapoyo	Cucurbita sp.	kaha'ra ('calabaza')	kaha'ra										See Language page											plant
Mapudungun	Cucurbita sp.		peŋka										See Language page											From Augusta 1915.
Matses	Cucurbita sp.	sapayu	sapaju		loan		Spanish						See Language page											plant
Mocoví	Cucurbita sp.		loʔgilʸi										See Language page											plant
Mosetén-Chimané	Cucurbita sp.		'sobo ~ 'šobo										See Language page											plant
Movima	Cucurbita sp.	sawam-po	sawam-po										See Language page											plant
Máku	Cucurbita sp.	kuílu											See Language page											plant
Napo Lowland Quichua	Cucurbita sp.	puru	puɾu										See Language page											plant
Nheengatu	Cucurbita sp.	jirimũ	ʒirimũ		inheritance	Proto-Tupi-Guarani		Reconstructed PTG Mello 2000		underived			See Language page	0	1	0				0	0		no	plant
Ninam	Cucurbita sp.	šelimuk	ʃelimuk		loan		Tupi-Guarani			uncoded			See Language page	0	1	0				0	0		no	plant
Nivaclé	Cucurbita sp.		kˀasus										See Language page											plant
Northern Emberá	Cucurbita sp.	sa'paya (loan zapallo, IDS)	sa'paya (loan zapallo, IDS)										See Language page											plant
Paraguayan Guaraní	Cucurbita sp.		kurapepẽ										See Language page											plant
Paresi	Cucurbita sp.	aboala	abuala		loan		Port abobora						See Language page											plant
Pemon	Cucurbita sp.	kawǝyuma (Pessoa2006)	kawǝjuma (Pessoa2006)		inheritance								See Language page	0	1	0				0	0		no	plant
Piapoco	Cucurbita sp.	áya	ája										See Language page											plant
Piaroa	Cucurbita sp.	wayá'keh	wajáɁkeh		doubtful loan		Carib						See Language page											plant
Pilagá	Cucurbita sp.		'taɲi; loli'aʁai										See Language page											plant
Puinave	Cucurbita sp.	uyamá (Sp. loan)	ujamá		loan		Spanish (origin Carib)						See Language page											plant
Pumé	Cucurbita sp.	ede											See Language page											plant
Páez	Cucurbita sp.	apeté	apete										See Language page											plant
Quechua Ayacuchano	Cucurbita sp.	sapallu (CP94)	sapaʎu										See Language page											plant
Sanapaná/Dialect Angaité	Cucurbita sp.		yaktipa										See Language page											plant
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet	Cucurbita sp.		yaʔteepa										See Language page											plant
Secoya	Cucurbita sp.	zapayo (Quechua)	sapayɔ										See Language page											plant
Shipibo-Konibo	Cucurbita sp.		warã										See Language page											plant
Sikuani	Cucurbita sp.	derebü (21)	derébǘ, dére-bɨː		semantic shift		from Crescentia?	from 'calabash'?		uncoded			See Language page	0	1	0				0	0		no	plant
Sirionó	Cucurbita sp.	ibamo	ibamo		unknown								See Language page											plant
Southern Pastaza Quechua	Cucurbita sp.	puru	puɾu										See Language page											plant
Sáliva	Cucurbita sp.	alle	aʤe		unknown								See Language page											plant
Tacana	Cucurbita sp.		hemi; ebotoď̶o										See Language page											plant
Taushiro	Cucurbita sp.	a´jonti	aʔxonti										See Language page											plant
Tikuna	Cucurbita sp.	cha3pa2yu5 (A58)	tʃapaju		loan		Quechua (via Spanish?)						See Language page											plant
Toba	Cucurbita sp.		ltaɲi; ʔaadai; lalʸiyaʁai										See Language page											plant
Trinitario	Cucurbita sp.		mkure										See Language page											plant
Trumai	Cucurbita sp.	uaruta	uaruta										See Language page											plant
Tukano	Cucurbita sp.	wahá-ro	wahá-ro		missing	East Tukanoan			Broader (also means bottle-gourd)	uncoded			See Language page	0	1	0				0	0		no	plant
Wai Wai	Cucurbita sp.	awayama (SM)	awayama (SM)		inheritance								See Language page											plant
Waimiri Atroari	Cucurbita sp.	xiriba (M1992)											See Language page											plant
Waorani	Cucurbita sp.	tapayo			loan		Quechua (via Spanish?)	Zapallos; see also Iquito		uncoded			See Language page	0	1	0				0	0		no	plant
Wapishana	Cucurbita sp.	kʰauwiam	kʰauwiam		loan		Carib	e.g. Wai wai awayama; Makushi kaiyuma					See Language page	0	1	0				0	0		no	plant
Waurá	Cucurbita sp.	mɨmɨmɨžu	mɨmɨmɨžu		unknown								See Language page											plant
Wayampi	Cucurbita sp.	[asikala] ( from Wayana 'asikala')	[asikala] ( from Wajana 'asikala')		loan		Wayana						See Language page											plant
Wayana	Cucurbita sp.	asikala	asikala		unknown								See Language page											plant
Wayuu	Cucurbita sp.		amuľu										See Language page											plant
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay	Cucurbita sp.		wuc̷o'tah										See Language page											Also [ahʷ'ula], from Span. 'angola', a variety of gourd.
Yagua	Cucurbita sp.	sucay	sukãj		unknown								See Language page											plant
Yaminahua	Cucurbita sp.		βãra										See Language page											plant
Yanomami	Cucurbita sp.	hishima thotho, horokoto thotho, kõa hesi thotho, orakama thotho	hiʃima tʰotʰo, hoɾokoto tʰotʰo, kõa hesi tʰotʰo, oɾakama tʰotʰo		semantic shift		from Crescentia?	also kõa hesi tʰotʰo, oɾakama tʰotʰo; tʰotʰo= CLF "climbing plant/vine"		underived	N+CLF	tʰotʰo= CLF "climbing plant/vine" (Ramirez 94)	See Language page	0	1	0				0	0		no	plant
Yavitero	Cucurbita sp.	u'wiyama 'pumpkin, squash' (Carib loan?)	u'wijama 'pumpkin, squash'										See Language page											plant
Yine	Cucurbita sp.		c̷oľya										See Language page											plant
Yuhup	Cucurbita sp.	bɔʔ-wǽd	bɔʔ-wǽd		semantic shift			'eating gourd'		compound			See Language page	0	1	0				0	0		no	plant
Yukuna	Cucurbita sp.	yurumá	jurumá		loan		Tupi-Guarani			missing			See Language page	0	1	0				0	0		no	plant


Achagua
Aguaruna
Araona
Ashuar
Ayoreo
Baure
Bora
Candoshi-Shapra
Cavineña
Central Aymara
Cha'palaa
Chiriguano
Chorote, Iyojwa'ja
Cofán
Cubeo
Desano
Djeoromitxi
Dâw
Epena
Ese Ejja
Ese Ejja/Huarayo
Eñepa
Guayabero
Hodï
Huambisa
Hup
Ignaciano
Ingá
Iquito
Itonama
Kaingang
Kakataibo
Kakua
Kalapalo
Karajá
Kariña
Karitiana
Katukina
Kotiria
Lengua
Lokono
Maca
Macaguan
Makiritare
Makuna
Makushi
Mapoyo
Mapudungun
Matses
Mocoví
Mosetén-Chimané
Movima
Máku
Napo Lowland Quichua
Nheengatu
Ninam
Nivaclé
Northern Emberá
Paraguayan Guaraní
Paresi
Pemon
Piapoco
Piaroa
Pilagá
Puinave
Pumé
Páez
Quechua Ayacuchano
Sanapaná/Dialect Angaité
Sanapaná/Dialect Enlhet
Secoya
Shipibo-Konibo
Sikuani
Sirionó
Southern Pastaza Quechua
Sáliva
Tacana
Taushiro
Tikuna
Toba
Trinitario
Trumai
Tukano
Wai Wai
Waimiri Atroari
Waorani
Wapishana
Waurá
Wayampi
Wayana
Wayuu
Wichí Lhamtés Güisnay
Yagua
Yaminahua
Yanomami
Yavitero
Yine
Yuhup
Yukuna

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