Languages of hunter-gatherers and their neighbors

achiote, anatto

Semantic Field
flora-fauna
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish
achiote
Meaning Portuguese
urucum

Languages

Language Linnean Name Orthographic Form Phonemicized Form Gloss as in Source Etymology Code Proto-Form Proto-Language Loan Source Etymology Notes Wanderwort Status Etyma Set Range of Term Word Structure Word Structure Notes Classifier Classifier Notes Hypernym Source Association with Social Categories Ritual/Mythologically Significant Ritual Notes Food Source Food Notes Medicinal Medicinal Notes How Collected Who Collects How Prepared Psychotropic Psychotropic Notes Traded Trade Notes Distribution Habitat Dangerous Ethnobiology Notes Species Notes General Notes
Akawaio Bixa orellana anondö anɔndö inheritance Proto-Carib See Language page 1 0 0 0 1 secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens no shrub
Baniwa Bixa orellana phiɾimáapa pʰiɾimáːpa, phiɻi[máapa] (FS) inheritance Central North Arawak uncoded See Language page 1 0 0 0 1 secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens no shrub
Carijona Bixa orellana ihu’se(H&R) ihu’se(H&R) inheritance See Language page 1 0 0 0 1 secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens no shrub
Cubeo Bixa orellana mujariyo muhalijo, bũ'hã́ inheritance Proto-Tukanoan uncoded See Language page 1 0 0 0 1 secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens no shrub
Dâw Bixa orellana râàw hə̂w inheritance underived See Language page 1 0 0 0 1 secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens no shrub
Desano Bixa orellana mosã mosã inheritance Proto-Tukanoan uncoded See Language page 1 0 0 0 1 secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens no shrub
Eñepa Bixa orellana wachiyo' (arbol), wache (fruta) (MM) watʃiyoʔ (arbol), watʃe (fruta) (MM) inheritance Unknown bixa is Carib loan into European languages, origin of scientific name See Language page 1 0 0 0 1 secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens no shrub
Guayabero Bixa orellana jois hoes-t inheritance uncoded See Language page 1 0 0 0 1 secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens no shrub
Hodï Bixa orellana jkulilu (Zent 08) unique uncoded See Language page 1 0 0 0 1 secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens no shrub
Waorani Bixa orellana kaka unique cf. Yagua kikã; see also ičoa-ka (Urarina) uncoded See Language page 1 0 0 0 1 secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens no shrub
Hup Bixa orellana hǝ́w hǝ́w inheritance underived See Language page 1 decorative paint 0 0 cultivated seeds mashed and used for paint 0 1 attained through exchange with Tukanoans secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens no shrub
Kakua Bixa orellana ~běʔ ~běʔ inheritance underived See Language page 1 0 0 0 1 secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens no shrub
Macaguan Bixa orellana jochíja hotʃíha inheritance uncoded See Language page 1 0 0 0 1 secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens no shrub
Nheengatu Bixa orellana uruku uɾuku inheritance Proto-Tupi-Guarani Reconstructed PTG Mello 2000 underived See Language page 1 0 0 0 1 secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens no shrub
Nukak Bixa orellana mée; mɛkũnde (H&R) inheritance uncoded See Language page 1 0 0 0 1 secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens no shrub
Maihiki Bixa orellana bosa ja (ja marks neuter gender) bosa xa inheritance Proto-Tukanoan uncoded xã xã (orth. ja) = inanimate See Language page 1 0 0 0 1 secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens no shrub
Pemon Bixa orellana anonte (A1981); anontö (E1980) anonte (A1981); anɔntö (E1980) inheritance Proto-Carib See Language page 1 0 0 0 1 secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens no shrub
Resígaro Bixa orellana phiigí pʰiigí inheritance Central North Arawak uncoded See Language page 1 0 0 0 1 secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens no shrub
Sikuani Bixa orellana jotsi (2) hótsi inheritance uncoded See Language page 1 0 0 0 1 secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens no shrub
Tariana Bixa orellana pi'ɾina, pi'ɾida, piɾimaphána pi'ɾina, pi'ɾida, piɾimapʰána inheritance Central North Arawak Also piɾimapʰána uncoded See Language page 1 0 0 0 1 secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens no shrub
Tukano Bixa orellana mosâ mosâ, bũsã́ inheritance Proto-Tukanoan uncoded See Language page 1 0 0 0 1 secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens no shrub
Kotiria Bixa orellana bã'sĩ sõʔ'ã bã'sĩ sõʔ'ã inheritance May be inherited uncoded See Language page 1 0 0 0 1 secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens no shrub
Yanomam Bixa orellana nana (WS76); manokorima (bold), ɨrepërima (white-haired)(both WM99, nom. Class: si) nana (WS76); manokoɾima (bold), ɨɾepəɾima (white-haired inheritance cf. Witoto Witoto nonó-; see also Yan manokorima (bold), ɨrepërima (white-haired) uncoded si See Language page 1 0 0 0 1 secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens no shrub
Yanomami Bixa orellana nara, nana, nara shi hi, yamaro si hi, jono mosi naɾa, nana, naɾa ʃi hi, jã̃mãɾo si hi, jono mosi inheritance cf. Witoto Witoto nonó-, hi= CLF "tree", ʃi = CLF associated with gnats and cypress-type tubers serving as magical plants underived N+CLF hi= CLF "tree" (Ramirez 94), ʃi = CLF associated with gnats and cypress-type tubers serving as magical plants (Ramirez 94) See Language page 1 0 0 0 1 secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens no shrub
Yukuna Bixa orellana phirí pʰiɾí inheritance Central North Arawak uncoded See Language page 1 0 0 0 1 secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens no shrub
Yuhup Bixa orellana hɤ̂w hɤ̂w inheritance underived See Language page 1 0 0 0 1 secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens no shrub
Achagua Bixa orellana tʃáawihiri (lit. 'ripe tiger') píiri (H&R) inheritance See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Piapoco Bixa orellana piirí (H&R) piirí (H&R) See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Kabiyari Bixa orellana 'pʰiri 'pʰiɾi See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Paresi Bixa orellana aˈhite aˈhitɛ inheritance See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Waurá Bixa orellana yuku (R73) juku (R73) doubtful loan Tupi-Guarani uruku See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Bora Bixa orellana néépapa nέέpapa inheritance but cf. Witotoan See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Muinane Bixa orellana nóobaba nóobaba See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Apalai Bixa orellana xipo xipo unknown See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Wayana Bixa orellana onot onot inheritance See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Tiriyó Bixa orellana (w)ɨpuce (w)ɨpuce inheritance See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Makiritare Bixa orellana wiʃu wiʃu inheritance See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Mapoyo Bixa orellana anoto anoto See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Wai Wai Bixa orellana onomto (SM) onomto (SM) inheritance See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Waimiri Atroari Bixa orellana kiswe (M1992) kiswe (M1992) See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Yukpa Bixa orellana onóto(H&R) See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens Phon only in source shrub
Northern Emberá Bixa orellana kʰãtʃí(H&R) See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Cuiva Bixa orellana hótsi, kajári See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Playero Bixa orellana hotʃí-wa See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Cofán Bixa orellana cuña kɯɲa See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens phonemic transcriptions are ESTIMATIONS shrub
Candoshi-Shapra Bixa orellana yobsa jompsa unique See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Taushiro Bixa orellana ava'a hi' awaʔa hiʔ See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Páez Bixa orellana co ko See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Tikuna Bixa orellana é-tá, ô-tá (Alv44) éʔtá, oʔtá unique See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Urarina Bixa orellana hjaane, ičoa-ka hjaane, itʃoa-ka unique See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Camsa Bixa orellana mandorɨ́-ʃa [loan Quechua] mandorɨ́-ʃa See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Andoke Bixa orellana akosi akoçi unique See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Puinave Bixa orellana suamka swamka doubtful loan unusual form See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Ashuar Bixa orellana ipiák, shiipiak ipiak, ʃĩ:piak See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Huambisa Bixa orellana ipak ipak See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Aguaruna Bixa orellana ipák ipák inheritance See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Nadëb/Roçado dialect Bixa orellana hɤːw inheritance See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Nadëb/Rio Negro dialect Bixa orellana hɤːw See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Matses Bixa orellana piute piute unknown See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Yagua Bixa orellana quica kikã unique See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Southern Pastaza Quechua Bixa orellana mandru mandru See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Ingá Bixa orellana mandur mandúr(H&R) See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Napo Lowland Quichua Bixa orellana manduru manduɾu See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Quechua Ayacuchano Bixa orellana achiwti atʃiwti See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Piaroa Bixa orellana muɨñɨh muɨñɨh inheritance See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Sáliva Bixa orellana muuñu muːɲu inheritance See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Bará Bixa orellana bũ'hã́ See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Barasano Bixa orellana bũsã́ bũsã́ See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Carapana Bixa orellana musã mũsã See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Makuna Bixa orellana abujumujariyocʉ (tree), musa bũsã (H&R), abuxumuxaɾiyokɨ (tɾee), musa inheritance See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Yuruti Bixa orellana bũũsã bũũsã See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Waikhana Bixa orellana ba'sisõʔ'ã ba'sisõʔ'ã See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Siriano Bixa orellana musã́ musã́, bũ'sã́ See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Tanimuca Bixa orellana bũ'ha bũ'ha inheritance See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Tuyuka Bixa orellana bũ'sã́ bũ'sã́ See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Waimaja Bixa orellana bũ'hã́ bũ'hã́ See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Koreguaje Bixa orellana pũsañʉ pũsaɲʉ, pũsa inheritance See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Siona Bixa orellana bonsa bonsa inheritance See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Secoya Bixa orellana posa põ'sa See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Kokama Bixa orellana ruku ruku inheritance See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Wayampi Bixa orellana uluku (G78) uluku (G78) inheritance See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Ocaina Bixa orellana ñon̵ṍṍya ñon:ṍṍja inheritance cf. Bora See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Nɨpode Witoto Bixa orellana nonó-kï nonó-kɯ See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Minica Witoto Bixa orellana nonó-kï nonó-kɯ See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Murui Witoto Bixa orellana nono-kï nono-kɯ inheritance cf. Bora, Yanomami See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Iquito Bixa orellana carásiica karásiika unknown See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Záparo Bixa orellana inyawhwa injawhʷa See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Wari Bixa orellana nawin (Sousa2009) nawin (Sousa2009) See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Cavineña Bixa orellana e-mace (G71) e-mace (G71) See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Central Aymara Bixa orellana achiwiti (loan) atʃiwiti See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Suyá Bixa orellana ywɨ jwɨ See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Djeoromitxi Bixa orellana kurabi kurabi See Language page secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens shrub
Lokono Bixa orellana shirabuli ʃirabuli anatto-dye tree Fanshawe 1949:71 secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens no
Kariña Bixa orellana kusewe kusewe anatto Yamada 2010:756 secondary scrub vegetation and indigenous gardens no