Languages of hunter-gatherers and their neighbors

Wunambal

Family
Worrorran
Region
Australia
ISO 639-3
wub
Location
-15.00°, 125.60°
Notes
Features
Basic Vocabulary
Flora Fauna Vocabulary
Cultural Vocabulary
Ethnographic Information
Data Sources
none


Basic Vocabulary (186)
English Spanish Portuguese Semantic Field Part of Speech Orthographic Form Phonemicized Form Gloss as in Source Etymology Code Proto-Form Proto-Language Loan Source Wanderwort Status Etyma Set Etymology Notes Source Created By
1pl.excl nosotros (exclusivo) nós (exclusivo) grammar inheritance Claire Bowern
1pl.incl nosotros (inclusivo) nós (inclusivo) grammar inheritance Claire Bowern
1sg yo eu grammar inheritance Claire Bowern
2pl ustedes vocês grammar inheritance Claire Bowern
2sg xx xx grammar inheritance Claire Bowern
3pl ellos/ellas eles/elas grammar inheritance Claire Bowern
3sg el/ella ele/ela grammar unique Claire Bowern
above encima, arriba acima location inheritance Claire Bowern
again de nuevo, otra vez de novo grammar missing Claire Bowern
all todo todos other missing Claire Bowern
and y e grammar missing Claire Bowern
ankle tobillo tornozelo body inheritance Claire Bowern
armpit axila, sobaco axila body inheritance Claire Bowern
ashamed xx xx mental semantic shift? Claire Bowern
ashes xx xx environment unique Claire Bowern
at en, a em, a location unique Claire Bowern
back espalda costas body inheritance Claire Bowern
bad mal mal quality inheritance Claire Bowern
be alive xx xx body unique Claire Bowern
belly barriga barriga body unique Claire Bowern
below abajo, debajo abaixo location missing Claire Bowern
big grande grande quality unique Claire Bowern
bite morder morder body unique Claire Bowern
black negro preto colour inheritance Claire Bowern
blood sangre sangue body inheritance Claire Bowern
blow soplar soprar body missing Claire Bowern
blunt xx xx quality missing Claire Bowern
bone hueso osso body inheritance Claire Bowern
boomerang xx xx manufacture missing Claire Bowern
breast pecho, seno peito body inheritance Claire Bowern
breathe respirar respirar body inheritance Claire Bowern
burn quemar queimar environment inheritance Claire Bowern
chew masticar, mascar mastigar body missing Claire Bowern
child niño, niña criança human unique Claire Bowern
climb subir subir motion inheritance Claire Bowern
cloud nube nuvem environment inheritance Claire Bowern
cold frío frio quality unique Claire Bowern
come venir vir motion inheritance Claire Bowern
cook cocinar cozinhar impact missing Claire Bowern
count contar contar mental missing Claire Bowern
cry llorar chorar mental inheritance Claire Bowern
cut xx xx impact inheritance Claire Bowern
die/be dead morir morrer state inheritance Claire Bowern
dig cavar cavar impact inheritance Claire Bowern
dingo/wolf fauna missing Claire Bowern
dirty sucio sujo quality missing Claire Bowern
dream soñar sonhar mental missing Claire Bowern
drink beber, tomar beber body inheritance Claire Bowern
dry seco seco quality missing Claire Bowern
dust polvo poeira environment judu (V) judu (V) loan Claire Bowern
ear oreja orelha body inheritance Claire Bowern
earth/soil tierra terra environment inheritance Claire Bowern
eat comer comer body inheritance Claire Bowern
egg huevo ovo fauna kumbe: kumbe: loan into proto-language Claire Bowern
eye ojo olho body inheritance Claire Bowern
faeces heces, mierda, excremento, estiércol fezes body missing Claire Bowern
fall caer cair motion inheritance Claire Bowern
far lejos longe quality inheritance Claire Bowern
fat/grease grasa gordura body unique Claire Bowern
father padre, papá pai kinship unique Claire Bowern
fear miedo medo mental missing Claire Bowern
feather pluma pena fauna inheritance Claire Bowern
fire fuego fogo environment inheritance Claire Bowern
fish xx xx fauna gawi (V) gawi (V) loan Claire Bowern
flow fluir fluir motion missing Claire Bowern
flower flor flor environment inheritance Claire Bowern
fly volar voar motion inheritance Claire Bowern
fog niebla, neblina nevoeira, bruma, neblina environment inheritance Claire Bowern
foot pie pé body inheritance Claire Bowern
fruit fruta fruta flora missing Claire Bowern
good bueno bom quality unique Claire Bowern
grow crecer crescer state missing Claire Bowern
hair (of head) cabello cabelo body inheritance Claire Bowern
hand mano mão body inheritance Claire Bowern
head cabeza cabeça body inheritance Claire Bowern
hear oír ouvir mental inheritance Claire Bowern
heavy pesado pesado quality inheritance Claire Bowern
hide esconder esconder motion missing Claire Bowern
hit golpear, pegar bater impact unique Claire Bowern
hit (with hand) xx xx impact missing Claire Bowern
hold correr, asegurar, sostener segurar other unique Claire Bowern
how? como como grammar unique Claire Bowern
if si se grammar missing Claire Bowern
in/inside dentro, adentro dentro location missing Claire Bowern
intestines intestinos intestinos body inheritance Claire Bowern
itch hormiguear, sentir comezón coçar body missing Claire Bowern
kill matar matar impact unique Claire Bowern
know/be knowledgeable saber, conecer saber, conhecer mental missing Claire Bowern
lake lago lago environment missing Claire Bowern
laugh reír rir mental inheritance Claire Bowern
leaf hoja folha environment unique Claire Bowern
left/left hand izquierdo esquerdo location/body unique Claire Bowern
leg/foot pierna perna body missing Claire Bowern
lie down acostarse, echarse deitar motion inheritance Claire Bowern
lightning rayo, relámpago relampago environment missing Claire Bowern
liver hígado figado body inheritance Claire Bowern
long largo comprido, longo quality inheritance Claire Bowern
louse piollo, piojo piolho fauna inheritance Claire Bowern
lung pulmón pulmão body unique Claire Bowern
man/male hombre homem human missing Claire Bowern
meat/flesh carne carne fauna inheritance Claire Bowern
moon luna lua environment inheritance Claire Bowern
mother madre, mamá mãe kinship inheritance Claire Bowern
mouth boca boca body inheritance Claire Bowern
name nombre nome human inheritance Claire Bowern
nape base del cuello, nuca nuca body unique Claire Bowern
near/close cerca de perto quality inheritance Claire Bowern
neck cuello pescoço body inheritance Claire Bowern
new nuevo novo quality missing Claire Bowern
night noche noite time unique Claire Bowern
no/not no não grammar malja (V) malja (V) doubtful loan Nyulnyulan Claire Bowern
nose nariz nariz body inheritance Claire Bowern
old viejo velho quality unknown Claire Bowern
one uno um number inheritance Claire Bowern
open/uncover abrir abrir other missing Claire Bowern
other otro outro grammar unique Claire Bowern
person/human being persona pessoa human unique Claire Bowern
pimple xx xx body missing Claire Bowern
rain lluvia chuva environment inheritance Claire Bowern
red rojo vermelho colour inheritance Claire Bowern
right/right hand derecha direita location/body unique Claire Bowern
road/path camino caminho manufacture unique Claire Bowern
roof xx xx manufacture missing Claire Bowern
root raíz raiz flora unique Claire Bowern
rotten podrido podre quality missing Claire Bowern
sand arena areia environment inheritance Claire Bowern
say decir dizer mental unique Claire Bowern
scratch rascar rasgar impact missing Claire Bowern
see ver ver mental inheritance Claire Bowern
sharp afilado, filudo, filoso afiado quality missing Claire Bowern
shoot tirar, disparar, balear atirar impact missing Claire Bowern
short corto curto quality unique Claire Bowern
shoulder hombro ombro body inheritance Claire Bowern
sick xx xx body missing Claire Bowern
sit sentar(se) sentar state inheritance Claire Bowern
skin piel pele body inheritance Claire Bowern
sky cielo céu environment inheritance Claire Bowern
sleep dormir dormir body inheritance Claire Bowern
small pequeño pequeno quality inheritance Claire Bowern
smell (tr/intr) xx xx body unique Claire Bowern
smoke humo fumaça environment inheritance Claire Bowern
spit escupir cuspir body unique Claire Bowern
split partir, dividir rachar, dividir, partir impact missing Claire Bowern
squeeze estrujar, exprimir espremer impact missing Claire Bowern
stab/pierce apuñalar, acuchillar apunhalar impact unique Claire Bowern
stand estar de pié ficar em pé state inheritance Claire Bowern
star estrella estrela environment inheritance Claire Bowern
steal robar roubar other missing Claire Bowern
stone piedra pedra environment inheritance Claire Bowern
suck chupar chupar body missing Claire Bowern
sun sol sol time inheritance Claire Bowern
sweat sudar suor, suar body unique Claire Bowern
swell hincharse inchar body missing Claire Bowern
swim nadar nadar motion unique Claire Bowern
tail cola, rabo rabo body inheritance Claire Bowern
that ese/esa esse grammar unique Claire Bowern
thick grueso, gordo, espeso grosso quality missing Claire Bowern
thin delgado fino quality missing Claire Bowern
think pensar pensar mental missing Claire Bowern
this este/esta este grammar inheritance Claire Bowern
three tres tres number unique Claire Bowern
throat garganta garganta body missing Claire Bowern
throw tirar, lanzar atirar, jogar impact inheritance Claire Bowern
thunder truenos trovão environment missing Claire Bowern
tie up/fasten atar, amarrar amarrar impact missing Claire Bowern
tongue lengua lingua body inheritance Claire Bowern
tooth diente dente body inheritance Claire Bowern
true xx xx quality missing Claire Bowern
turn girar, volter, torcer virar other missing Claire Bowern
two dos dois number inheritance Claire Bowern
vomit vomitar vomitar body inheritance Claire Bowern
walk caminar, andar andar motion inheritance Claire Bowern
water agua agua environment ngawa, ja:wal (C40) ngawa, ja:wal (C40) loan into proto-language? Claire Bowern
wet mojado molhado quality missing Claire Bowern
what? que, qué que grammar inheritance Claire Bowern
when? cuando quando grammar inheritance Claire Bowern
where? donde onde grammar inheritance Claire Bowern
white blanco branco colour inheritance Claire Bowern
who? quien, quién quem grammar unique Claire Bowern
wife esposa esposa kinship inheritance Claire Bowern
wind viento vento environment unique Claire Bowern
wing ala asa body missing Claire Bowern
woman/female mujer mulher human inheritance Claire Bowern
work trabajar trabalhar other ˈworuku ˈŋiyɑŋɑ ˈworuku ˈŋiyɑŋɑ loan English Claire Bowern
yawn bostezar bocejar body missing Claire Bowern
yellow amarillo amarelo colour kumbɪḷ kumbɪḷ loan into proto-language Claire Bowern


Flora Fauna Vocabulary (138)
English Spanish Portuguese Semantic Field Part of Speech Linnean Name Orthographic Form Phonemicized Form Gloss as in Source Etymology Code Proto-Form Proto-Language Loan Source Etymology Notes Wanderwort Status Etyma Set Range of Term Word Structure Word Structure Notes Classifier Classifier Notes Hypernym Source Association with Social Categories Ritual/Mythologically Significant Ritual Notes Food Source Food Notes Medicinal Medicinal Notes How Collected Who Collects How Prepared Psychotropic Psychotropic Notes Traded Trade Notes Distribution Habitat Dangerous Ethnobiology Notes Species Notes General Notes Created By
agile wallaby, river wallaby flora-fauna Macropus agilis gundleli unique proto-Worrorran 0 1 0 0 0 no
ant (generic) hormiga formiga flora-fauna Formicidae missing proto-Worrorran missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
Australian pelican flora-fauna Pelecanus conspicillatus gaḍunuŋu gaḍunuŋu unique proto-Worrorran unknown 0 0 0 0 0 no
Australian snubfin dolphin flora-fauna Orcaella heinsohnii missing proto-Worrorran missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
baler shell flora-fauna Melo amphora tyalamari unique proto-Worrorran 0 0 0 0 0 no
bandicoot flora-fauna Peramelemorphia missing 0 0 0 0 0
barn owl flora-fauna Tyto alba je.warr unknown proto-Worrorran 0 0 0 0 0 no
barramundi flora-fauna Lates calcarifer dew unique proto-Worrorran 1 1 0 0 0 no
bat murciélago morcego flora-fauna Chiroptera spp wamalurru unique proto-Worrorran 0 1 0 0 0 no
bindii, caltrop flora-fauna Tribulus terrestris missing proto-Worrorran missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
bird pajaro, ave passaro flora-fauna lo:ya (V) unique proto-Worrorran 0 0 0 0 0 no
black-breasted buzzard flora-fauna Hamirostra melanosternon warrana unique proto-Worrorran 0 0 0 0 0 no
black-faced cuckoo-shrike flora-fauna Coracina novaehollandiae missing proto-Worrorran missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
black-headed python flora-fauna Aspidites melanocephalus wunanŋarri unique proto-Worrorran 0 2 0 0 0 no
black-soil yam flora-fauna Ipomoea diamantinensis lau ula lau ula unknown proto-Worrorran underived 0 1 0 0 0 no
bloodwood flora-fauna Eucalyptus (Corymbia) bleeseri aŋguru unknown proto-Worrorran 0 1 1 0 0 no
blowfly maggots flora-fauna Diptera, Sarcophagidae wirŋa unique proto-Worrorran 0 0 0 0 0 no
blue-tongue lizard flora-fauna Tiliqua species mulu, lirri (V) inheritance proto-Worrorran 0 1 0 0 0 no
blue-winged kookaburra flora-fauna Dacelo leachii garlmburr (V) unique proto-Worrorran 0 0 0 0 0 no
bluebone flora-fauna Choerodon cyanodus missing proto-Worrorran missing 0 1 0 0 0 no
brolga flora-fauna Grus rubicunda guraŋguli inheritance proto-Worrorran 1 0 0 0 0 no
brown goshawk flora-fauna Accipiter fasciatus missing proto-Worrorran missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
brush-tailed possum flora-fauna Trichosurus vulpecula burgumba (C40), garimba (C40) inheritance proto-Worrorran 0 1 0 0 0 no
bush cockroach flora-fauna (many species) baŋgubaŋgun unique proto-Worrorran 0 0 0 0 0 no
bush stone-curlew flora-fauna Burhinus grallarius pilimpili inheritance proto-Worrorran 1 0 0 0 0 no
bush tobacco flora-fauna Lobelia quadrangularis bindji-windjil bindji-windjil unknown proto-Worrorran reduplication reduplicated 0 0 0 1 0 no
bush turkey, Australian bustard flora-fauna Ardeotis australis banar banar inheritance *panarr proto-Worrorran underived 0 1 0 0 0 no
bush yam flora-fauna Vigna lanceolata var. lanceolata wanggalu wanggalu unique proto-Worrorran underived 0 1 2 0 1 no
butterfly, moth mariposa borboleta flora-fauna Lepidoptera ngulwana ngulwana unknown proto-Worrorran Ngarinyin? (metathesis?) underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
carpet snake flora-fauna Morelia spilota missing 0 1 0 0 0
caterpillar flora-fauna Lepidoptera missing proto-Worrorran missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
catfish flora-fauna (many species) gunala inheritance proto-Worrorran 0 1 0 0 0 no
centipede ciempiés centopéia flora-fauna Chilopoda, Myriapoda nyamangarri inheritance proto-Worrorran 0 0 0 0 0 no
channel-billed cuckoo flora-fauna Scythops novaehollandiae missing proto-Worrorran missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
crested pigeon flora-fauna Ocyphaps lophotes missing proto-Worrorran missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
darter/cormorant flora-fauna Anhinga melanogaster, Phalacrocorax species ŋulurrurru unique proto-Worrorran 0 1 0 0 0 no
death adder, five-minute snake flora-fauna Acanthophis praelongus ŋotorr unique proto-Worrorran 0 0 0 0 0 yes
dingo flora-fauna Canis familiaris dingo bo:muruŋu unique proto-Worrorran 0 0 0 0 0 no
dog (camp, domestic) perro cachorro flora-fauna Canis familiaris dila dila unique proto-Worrorran cf Jarragan tyula underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
duck pato pato, marreco flora-fauna Anatidae missing proto-Worrorran missing 0 1 0 0 0 no
dugong flora-fauna Dugon dugong balguja inheritance proto-Worrorran 1 1 0 0 0 no
earthworm flora-fauna Annelida, Oligochaeta wuŋkurrwuŋkurr unique proto-Worrorran 0 0 0 0 0 no
emu flora-fauna Dromaius novaehollandiae jiibarra inheritance proto-Worrorran 2 1 2 0 0 no
fish (generic) pez peixe flora-fauna gawi (V) gawi (V) loan proto-Worrorran WW %kapi 0 1 0 0 0 N/A
flower flora-fauna (NA) ˈyu:lu unique proto-Worrorran 0 0 0 0 0 no
blowfly/housefly mosca mosca flora-fauna Diptera gaualyera (C40), wur.nga (V) unique proto-Worrorran 0 0 0 0 0 no
flying-fox (generic) flora-fauna (many species) jariŋu inheritance proto-Worrorran 0 0 0 0 0 no
freshwater crocodile flora-fauna Crocodylus johnstoni jewarr jewarr doubtful loan proto-Worrorran Ngarinyin 0 0 0 0 0 no
freshwater mussel flora-fauna Velesunio wilsoni la:rru unique proto-Worrorran 0 1 0 0 0 no
freshwater prawn flora-fauna Macrobrachium rosenbergii missing proto-Worrorran missing 0 1 0 0 0 no
frill-necked lizard flora-fauna Chlamydosaurus kingii degolan unique proto-Worrorran 0 1 0 0 0 no
frog (generic) flora-fauna (many species) tyarru unique proto-Worrorran 0 0 0 0 0 no
galah flora-fauna Eolophus roseicapilla missing 0 0 0 0 0
turtle (generic) flora-fauna (many species) man.guru (V) unique proto-Worrorran 0 1 0 0 0 no
ghost gum flora-fauna Eucalyptus papuana (Corymbia bella) kwiyili unique proto-Worrorran 2 0 1 0 0 no
goanna (generic) or sand goanna flora-fauna Varanus spp baniw baniw loan direction unknown proto-Worrorran WW WW %paarni 0 1 2 0 0 no
grass hierba, pasto capim, grama flora-fauna (NA) mangulu unique proto-Worrorran 0 0 0 0 0 no
grasshopper flora-fauna Orthoptera ˈwɑŋɡuˈwɑŋɡɑḷ unique proto-Worrorran 0 0 0 0 0 no
great bowerbird flora-fauna Chlamydera nuchalis missing proto-Worrorran missing 1 0 0 0 0 no
green ant flora-fauna Oecophylla smaragdina yu:lway unique proto-Worrorran 0 2 2 0 0 no
green sea turtle flora-fauna Chelonia mydas missing proto-Worrorran missing 1 1 0 0 0 no
green tree snake flora-fauna Dendrelaphis punctulata missing proto-Worrorran missing 0 2 0 0 0 no
head/body lice flora-fauna Pediculus capitis, Pediculus humanus ˈlɛṇɡɑ, lɛnɡɑ ˈlɛṇɡɑ, lɛnɡɑ loan direction unknown proto-Worrorran 0 0 0 0 0 no
horse caballo cavalho flora-fauna Equus caballus yowada yowada loan proto-Worrorran WW WW %yawarta 0 0 0 0 0 no
hummingbird colibrí, picaflor (Peru) beija-flor flora-fauna Trochilidae missing proto-Worrorran missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
humpback whale flora-fauna Megaptera novaeangliae missing proto-Worrorran missing 1 1 0 0 0 no
insect (generic) insecto insecto flora-fauna generic missing proto-Worrorran missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
jabiru flora-fauna Ephippiorhynchus asiaticus missing 0 0 0 0 0
jungle-fowl (scrub-fowl) flora-fauna Megapodius freycinet missing proto-Worrorran missing 0 1 0 0 0 no
kangaroo (generic) flora-fauna Macropodidae a.mba a.mba unknown proto-Worrorran Bunuban? underived 2 1 0 0 0 no
land snail flora-fauna Gastropoda yapuli unique proto-Worrorran 0 0 0 0 0 no
magpie goose flora-fauna Anseranas semipalmata ŋulukŋe: unique proto-Worrorran 0 1 0 0 0 no
military dragon flora-fauna Ctenophorus isolepis, Diporiphora spp., Lophognathus spp. missing proto-Worrorran missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
mosquito mosquito, zancudo mosquito, carapana flora-fauna Anopheles spp, Isoptera gurlngul (V) unique proto-Worrorran 0 0 0 0 0 no
mud wasp, hornet flora-fauna (many species) missing proto-Worrorran 0 0 0 0 0 no
native bee flora-fauna (many species) missing proto-Worrorran missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
native cat flora-fauna Dasyurus widjiŋari unique proto-Worrorran 0 0 0 0 0 no
northern brown bandicoot flora-fauna Isoodon macrourus gurinbu inheritance proto-Worrorran 0 1 0 0 0 no
northern kurrajong flora-fauna Brachychiton diversifolius djalad djalad inheritance *tyalarr proto-Worrorran underived 0 1 no? 0 0 no
nut tree flora-fauna Terminalia grandifolia lang anda lang anda unknown proto-Worrorran underived 0 1 0 0 0 no
octopus flora-fauna Octopus australis yalu yalu unknown proto-Worrorran underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
pandanus palm flora-fauna Pandanus spiralis gandjandjal gandjandjal unknown proto-Worrorran reduplicated partial 1 1 0 0 1 no
paperbark flora-fauna Melaleuca sericea, Melaleuca stenostachya bandaran bandaran doubtful loan proto-Worrorran Jaru underived 0 0 1 0 0 no
peaceful dove flora-fauna Geopelia placida missing proto-Worrorran missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
pearlshell flora-fauna Pinctada spp djaguli inheritance proto-Worrorran 1 1 0 0 1 no
peewee flora-fauna Gryllina cyanoleuca dʉrɑˈmɑlɑ inheritance proto-Worrorran 0 0 0 0 0 no
pied butcherbird flora-fauna Cracticus nigrogularis missing proto-Worrorran missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
pike eel flora-fauna Muraenesox arabicus tyanpiri unique proto-Worrorran missing 0 1 0 0 0 no
praying mantis, stick insects mantis religiosa louva-a-deus flora-fauna Mantodea missing proto-Worrorran missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
prickle bush flora-fauna Sclerolaena bicornis missing proto-Worrorran missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
quail (generic) flora-fauna Coturnix species, Turnix species missing proto-Worrorran missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
red river gum flora-fauna Eucalyptus camaldulensis galal galal unknown proto-Worrorran underived 2 0 1 0 1 no
red-tailed black-cockatoo flora-fauna Calyptorhynchus banksi durramala durramala inheritance *tarran proto-Worrorran unknown 0 0 0 0 0 no
riflefish, archerfish flora-fauna Toxotes chatareus missing proto-Worrorran missing 0 1 0 0 0 no
river mangrove flora-fauna Aegicera corniculatum danba danba unknown proto-Worrorran underived 0 0 2 0 1 no
rock fig flora-fauna Ficus brachypoda bindjili bindjili doubtful loan *bintjiC- proto-Worrorran underived 0 1 0 0 0 no
sacred kingfisher flora-fauna Todiramphus sancta missing proto-Worrorran missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
saltwater crocodile flora-fauna Crocodylus porosus bolnga (V) unique proto-Worrorran 2 2 0 0 0 yes
saltwater mussel flora-fauna Mytilidae missing proto-Worrorran missing 0 1 0 0 0 no
sawfish flora-fauna Pristis pectinata missing proto-Worrorran missing 1 0 0 0 0 yes
scorpion escorpión; alacran escorpião flora-fauna Arachnida, Scorpiones marimari unique proto-Worrorran 0 0 0 0 0 no
shark (generic) flora-fauna Selachimorpha gundleli unique proto-Worrorran 0 0 0 0 0 variable
shell (generic) flora-fauna missing proto-Worrorran missing 0 1 0 0 1 no
short-beaked echidna flora-fauna Tachyglossus aculeatus gunanji gunanji loan direction unknown proto-Worrorran WW %kinanytyi 0 2 0 0 0 no
snake (generic) culebra, serpiente cobra flora-fauna missing proto-Worrorran missing 0 1 0 0 0 N/A
snappy gum flora-fauna Eucalyptus brevifolia missing proto-Worrorran missing 0 0 1 0 0 no
spider araña aranha flora-fauna Arachnida, Araneae gurri (V) inheritance proto-Worrorran 0 0 0 0 0 no
spinifex flora-fauna Triodia species matyal unique proto-Worrorran 0 0 2 0 0 no
spoonbills (yellow-billed spoonbill, black-billed spoonbill) flora-fauna Platalea flavipes, Platalea regia missing proto-Worrorran missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
stingray (generic) rayas látigo, raya arraia flora-fauna Dasyatidae balguja inheritance proto-Worrorran 0 1 0 0 0 variable
stripe-faced dunnart flora-fauna Sminthopsis macroura missing proto-Worrorran missing 0 0 0 0 0 no
sugarbag wax flora-fauna missing proto-Worrorran missing 1 1 0 0 0 no
sulphur-crested cockatoo flora-fauna Cacatua galerita balŋer inheritance proto-Worrorran 0 0 0 0 0 no
swamp eel flora-fauna Ophisternon gutturale missing proto-Worrorran missing 0 1 0 0 0 no
swamp leech flora-fauna Annelida, Hirudinea tyilki unique proto-Worrorran 0 0 0 0 0 no
tawny frogmouth flora-fauna Podargus strigoides borra (V) inheritance proto-Worrorran 0 0 0 0 0 no
termite mounds, ant hills flora-fauna Isoptera dilgaj dilgaj doubtful loan proto-Worrorran Nyulnyulan 0 0 0 0 0 no
termites, white-ants comején (Peru), termitas cupim flora-fauna (many species) gojgude unique proto-Worrorran 0 0 0 0 0 no
ti-tree flora-fauna Melaleuca bracteata missing proto-Worrorran missing 0 0 1 0 0 no
tick garrapata carrapato flora-fauna Arachnida, Acarina mirntil inheritance proto-Worrorran 0 0 0 0 0 no
tiger shark flora-fauna Galeocerdo cuvier burgumba (C40), garimba (C40) inheritance proto-Worrorran 0 0 0 0 0 yes
torresian crow flora-fauna Corvus orru waŋgada (Crow) waŋgada (Crow) loan *wangkura proto-Worrorran Nyulnyulan WW %wangkurri underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
tree árbol arvore flora-fauna (NA) laŋgi laŋgi unknown proto-Worrorran Jaminjung? cf. Jaminjung langiny 'tree' ?loan from Wunambal underived 0 0 0 0 0 no
waterlily flora-fauna Nymphaea macrosperma ŋulindja ŋulindja unknown proto-Worrorran underived 0 1 2 0 0 no
wattle flora-fauna Acacia difficilis bale bale unknown proto-Worrorran underived 0 0 1 0 1 no
wedge-tailed eagle flora-fauna Aquila audax ˈwuṇmuř unique proto-Worrorran 1 0 0 0 0 no
willie wagtail flora-fauna Rhipidura leucophrys dalal unique proto-Worrorran 1 0 0 0 0 no
witchetty grub flora-fauna (many species) la:tyi loan proto-Worrorran Bunuba/Kajirrabeng/Wardaman underived 0 1 2 0 0 no
woma flora-fauna Aspidites ramsayii missing proto-Worrorran missing 0 1 0 0 0 no
tree árbol arvore flora-fauna unique Claire Bowern
ant (generic) hormiga formiga flora-fauna missing Claire Bowern
bird pajaro, ave passaro flora-fauna unique Claire Bowern
blowfly/housefly mosca mosca flora-fauna missing Claire Bowern
dog (camp, domestic) perro cachorro flora-fauna inheritance Claire Bowern
grass hierba, pasto capim, grama flora-fauna unique Claire Bowern
kangaroo (generic) flora-fauna missing Claire Bowern
snake (generic) culebra, serpiente cobra flora-fauna inheritance Claire Bowern
spider araña aranha flora-fauna inheritance Claire Bowern


Cultural Vocabulary (8)
English Spanish Portuguese Semantic Field Part of Speech Orthographic Form Phonemicized Form Gloss as in Source Etymology Code Proto-Form Proto-Language Loan Source Etymology Notes Wanderwort Status Etyma Set Word Structure Word Structure Notes General Notes Source Created By
rope/string mecate, cuerda, soga corda culture missing Claire Bowern
bottom grinding stone manufacture unknown Claire Bowern
digging stick subsistence tool inheritance Claire Bowern
winnow aventar, tirar (sementes) joeirar manufacture missing Claire Bowern
top grinding stone metate, mano; piedra de moler metate, mano manufacture missing Claire Bowern
spearthrower subsistence tool missing Claire Bowern
spear lanza lança subsistence tool unique Claire Bowern
house other missing Claire Bowern


Ethnographic Information
Current population (ethnicity) Current population (speakers) Former population estimate Subsistence preference Subsistence notes Density Sedentism Ecotome (riverine/interfluvial/coastal/desert/savannah/etc.) Social hierarchies Multilingualism (rare/occasional/common) Contact languages Marriage pattern Notes Source Created By
small HG low mobile yes