Hunter-Gatherer Language Database

peach palm, pejibaye palm

Semantic Field: flora-fauna
Part of Speech
Meaning Spanish: chontaduro (Col, Ecuador); pipire (Col); pijuayo (Peru), pijiguao (Ven); tembe (Bol)
Meaning Portuguese: pupunha

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Language	Linnean Name	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Proto-Form	Proto-Language	Loan Source	Etymology Notes	Wanderwort Status	Etyma Set	Range of Term	Word Structure	Word Structure Notes	Classifier	Classifier Notes	Hypernym	Source	Association with Social Categories	Ritual/Mythologically Significant	Ritual Notes	Food Source	Food Notes	Medicinal	Medicinal Notes	How Collected	Who Collects	How Prepared	Psychotropic	Psychotropic Notes	Traded	Trade Notes	Distribution	Habitat	Dangerous	Ethnobiology Notes	Species Notes	General Notes

Language	Linnean Name	Orthographic Form	Phonemicized Form	Gloss as in Source	Etymology Code	Proto-Language	Loan Source	Etymology Notes	Word Structure	Classifier	Source	Ritual/Mythologically Significant	Food Source	Food Notes	Medicinal	How Collected	Who Collects	How Prepared	Psychotropic	Traded	Trade Notes	Dangerous	General Notes
A'ɨwa	Bactris gasipaes	ārō	ārō	Bactris gasipaes							Beier & Michael forthcoming, A'ɨwa in HAL, citing Tessman 1930
Aguaruna	Bactris gasipaes	uyái	ujái; takuyám 'sp. of pihuayo without spines' (Wipio p.115)	pijuayo	inheritance			uyaínim 'sp of palm with small, inedible fruit' (Wipio p.135) (Overall 23Sept2019: The -nim appears with a few plant names and seems to be a reflex of numi 'wood, tree', so this would be an old compound that's become a single phonological word); Cognacy u			Wipio 1996:135												Simon Overall, 23Sept2019: I don't have a strong feeling one way or the other regarding cognacy of the Aguaruna term with the others. One possibility is that there was a proto-form like uwii, and pre-Aguaruna added a second element /ai/ giving uwii-ai,
Aikanã	Bactris gasipaes	kemũke	kemũke	pupunha (certa palmeira de fruta comestível, Bactris gasipaes)				Possible loan Kanoê?			Silva 2012:101
Akuntsu	Bactris gasipaes	kɨʔa	kɨʔa	peach palm (pupunha)				not cognate?			GALUCIO, MEIRA, BIRCHALL, MOORE, GABAS JÚNIOR, DRUDE, STORTO, PICANÇO, RODRIGUES 2015: 269
Amarakaeri	Bactris gasipaes	jo	ho	pijuayo (especie de palmera)							Tripp 1995:141
Amawaka	Bactris gasipaes	vánin	wanin, pánan 'tipo de pijuayo' (Hyde p.48)	pijuayo							Hyde 1980:89
Andoa	Bactris gasipaes		amadi[ha]								Lev Michael p.c. 20Sept2019
Andoke	Bactris gasipaes	nõepa	nõepa	palmier chontaduro							Landaburu 1979: 56
Apalai	Bactris gasipaes	epare	epare	pupunha	doubtful loan (into protolg?), direction unknown - WW			Arawak loan - %pipiri?			Koehn 1995: 12												From Konrad Rybka, 12Oct2019: compare fire fan term: marawi (Aruan, Xiriana, Atorada), given terms for wind in e.g. Wapishana, Mawayana: awarï, Wirinia; mawâ, Manao jawâly (all from Ramirez).
Apurinã	Bactris gasipaes	kawy	kawɨ[rɨ], kawɨ-rɨ [rɨ 'unpossessed'; Freitas p.210)	pupunha							Freitas 2017: 210
Arabela	Bactris gasipaes	mari-	mari[jaha], (Rich 1999:589) nanakatukua 'pijuayo aceitoso', coorniaha 'pijuayo amarillo'	pijuayo				coorniaha (yellow variety) is likely Arawak loan, cf. %kɨri			Lev Michael p.c. 20Sept2019, Rich 1999:589
Arikapu	Bactris gasipaes	onǝ̃	onǝ̃	pupunha							Van der Voort 2007:166
Aruá	Bactris gasipaes	jobat	jobat	peach palm (pupunha)							Galucio, Meira, Birchall, Moore, Gabas Júnior, Drude, Storto, Picanḉo, Rodrigues 2015:269
Asheninka Apurucayali	Bactris gasipaes	quiri	kiri	pifayo, pijuayo							Payne 1989: 459
Ashuar	Bactris gasipaes	uwíi	uwíi	pifayo, pijuayo (esp. de palmera), Bactris gasipaes, B. speciosa.							Fast, Gehard, Warkentin de Fast 1996: 307
Asháninka	Bactris gasipaes	panataroqui	panataroki	pijuayo (especie de palmera)				kiriki 'chonta' (Kindberg 1980:231, <quiriqui>)			Kindberg 1980:219
Awa Pit	Bactris gasipaes	nul	nul	chontaduro							Curnow 1997:168
Bahuana	Bactris gasipaes	ɸiɸici	ɸiɸici	Giulielma speciosa							Ramirez 1992:117												'Wapishana subgroup has r > c/ʃ, likely source of TG loan
Banawa	Bactris gasipaes	jawida	jawida	peach palm							Dixon 2004:57
Baniwa	Bactris gasipaes	píipiɻi	píipiɻi	pupunha	doubtful loan (into protolg?), direction unknown - WW	Central North Arawak	%pipiri		uncoded		(A) Ramirez 2001:137	2	1		0				0	0		no
Barasano	Bactris gasipaes	~ɨde	~ɨde	pupunha palm							Chacon 2014: Appendix A
Bará	Bactris gasipaes		ɨ̃'dé-jõ								See Language page
Bora	Bactris gasipaes	meéme	meéme	pijuayo	inheritance			mééméuwa 'species of red butterfly' (Thiesen p.180) - but seems likely that this is built on peach-palm rather than the reverse			Thiesen 1998: 180
Boruca	Bactris gasipaes	súbaʔ	súbaʔ	peachpalm (Bactris Gasipaes HBK, Guilielma utilis Oerst.							Constenla 1981:405
Cabecar	Bactris gasipaes	/diká/	diká	peachpalm							Constenla 1981: 101
Candoshi-Shapra	Bactris gasipaes	másĩ	másĩ	pifayo (palmera)							Tuggy 2008: 44
Caquinte	Bactris gasipaes	kiri	kiri	pijuayo (palmera)							Swift 1988:114
Carapana	Bactris gasipaes	ʉ̃ne, 'ɨ̃dẽ-jõ '(H&R)	ɨ̃nɛ̃; 'ɨ̃dẽ-jõ '(H&R), ʉ̃ nea (FS)								See Language page
Carijona	Bactris gasipaes	jarejo; ‘hɯrɯwai’mɯ hɯrɯ’wa	harejo	chontaduro palm	doubtful loan (into protolg?), direction unknown - WW			cf. Lokono, Palikur; Arawak loan - %pipiri?			Durbin & Seijas 1973: 30; Huber & Reed 1992: 175	2	1		0				0	0		no
Cayuvava	Bactris gasipaes	papaho	papaho	palmier chonta				Arawak loan - %pipiri?			Créqui-Montfort 1920: 261
Cha'palaa	Bactris gasipaes	kaimbi; kamuči	kaimbi	G. gasipaes; chonta (Bactrix iriartea)							Simeon Floyd p.c. (30Sept2019); Patiño 1960, citing Acosta Solis (1944), 477:41, 47; Beuchat & Rivet 1907:63
Chácobo	Bactris gasipaes	mako, wani(ma)	wani; wani(ma), mako (Tallman)	chima, chonta fina, chonta de loro; peach palm							Oliveira 2014: 483; Tallman 2018: 178, 490
Cofán	Bactris gasipaes	o'ma	o'ma	1) chontaduro 2) año, tiempo de una estación de chontaduro a otra				cf. oma'ndo 'macaw' (Borman1976:29)			Borman 1976: 29
Cubeo	Bactris gasipaes	~ɨde	~ɨde	pupunha palm					uncoded		Chacon 2014: Appendix A	2	1		0				0	0		no
Cuiva	Bactris gasipaes	miʃi-bot	miʃi-bot								See Language page
Dení	Bactris gasipaes	zavida	dzavida, jawida [Dixon 2004]	pupunha							Koop and Koop 2008:137
Desano	Bactris gasipaes	~ɨdi	~ɨdi	pupunha palm					uncoded		Chacon 2014: Appendix A	2	1		0				0	0		no
Djeoromitxi	Bactris gasipaes	ʉnĩ	ʉnĩ	pupunha							Van der Voort 2007: 166
Dorasque	Bactris gasipaes	supá	supá	peachpalm (Bactris Gasipaes HBK, Guilielma utilis Oerst.							Constenla 1981:405
Dâw	Bactris gasipaes	çʉʉ̀w	cɨ̂w	peach palm	inheritance				underived		Epps 2013	2	1		0				0	0		no
Embera	Bactris gasipaes	xẽárã	xẽárã	chontaduros							Aguirre Licht 1999:18
Emerillon	Bactris gasipaes		palepɨ					Arawak loan - %pipiri, see Lokono, Palikur			Rose 2000:188
Epena	Bactris gasipaes	jẽe	hẽe	chontaduro							Harms 1993: 41
Gavião	Bactris gasipaes	jobat	jobat	peach palm (pupunha)							GALUCIO, MEIRA, BIRCHALL, MOORE, GABAS JÚNIOR, DRUDE, STORTO, PICANÇO, RODRIGUES 2015: 269
Guarayu	Bactris gasipaes	sɨrɨ	sɨrɨ	Bactris gasipaes							Ramirez and Victorino de França 2017:40
Guatuso	Bactris gasipaes	łu:ma	peac	peachpalm (Bactris Gasipaes HBK, Guilielma utilis Oerst.							Constenla 1981:405												Constenla notes that /m/ of this form is irregular
Guayabero	Bactris gasipaes	wibúx-tot	wibúx-tot		unknown				missing		See Language page	2	1		0				0	0		no
Hodï	Bactris gasipaes	jnema	hnema	pijiguao	unique				uncoded		Quatra 2008: 140	2	1		0				0	0		no
Huachapaeri	Bactris gasipaes		tapori					Loan, e.g. Mekens? cf. %pipiri			Peck 1979:51												other list includes witpi 'pona', but this is a different palm (paxiuba/Socratea)
Huambisa	Bactris gasipaes	uwii, uwiin	uwii; uwiin	pifayo							Jakway 1987: 197
Hup	Bactris gasipaes	s'ɨ́w	ɟ'ɨ́w	peach palm	inheritance				underived		Epps 2013	2	1	fruit - cultivated	0	cultivated, gathered	women, men	fruit boiled	0	0	in 'dabacuri' exhange rituals with other Hup groups (clans, villages, etc.)	no
Iquito	Bactris gasipaes	amariyaája	amari[jaaha]	pihuajo			inheritance				Lev Michael p.c. 20Sept2019; Michael et al 2019:36
Iñapari	Bactris gasipaes	awɨ́rɨ	awɨ́rɨ	pijuayo							Parker 1995:59												This may be Astrocaryum? see Wapishana 'awara palm'
Jarawara	Bactris gasipaes	yawita	jawita, (other variants involve jawita + added lexical material)	peach palm				Possible relationship to 'tanager'			Vogel 2006:202
Jebero	Bactris gasipaes	u'dapi	uʔð̞api	pijuayo, chontaduro, pupunha (Brasil); especie de palmera de fruto comestible. Tambien se aprovechan su su madera y su cogollo tierno que se cosecha para extraer palmito.							Valenzuela 2011/2014:300
Kabiyari	Bactris gasipaes	pípiri	pípiri	pupunha (Guilielma speciosa)							Ramirez 2001: 709
Kakataibo	Bactris gasipaes	binun [βi.ˈnun]	binun	peach-palm tree							Valle 2017: 28
Kakua	Bactris gasipaes	mɨ	mɨ	chontaduro (Bactris gasipaes sp.)	unique			chontaduro-cl.treelike	underived	naʔ = tree.like	Bolaños 2016: 153	2	1		0				0	0		no
Kanamarí	Bactris gasipaes	tso	ʧoː	pupunha				Compare Naduhup, esp Nadeb			Magalhães 2018:355
Kanoê	Bactris gasipaes	muko-ko	muko	pupunha, pupunheira (Guilielma speciosa), palmeira				Possible loan Aikanã?			Bacelar 2004:122												The suffix -ko (classifier?) indicates palms
Kapanawa	Bactris gasipaes		wanín	pupunha							Oliveira 2014:483
Kariña	Bactris gasipaes	amana, wiri, muruki, kurupiriwai	amana, wiri (Bactris sp.), muruku (Bactris sp.), kurupiriwai (Bactris sp.)	peach nut, peach palm [Bactris gasipaes (Palmae)]							Courtz 2007:222, 458-9											no	amana also refers to 'Amana river' and spirit related to river. Possible relationship to Arawak WW 'dolphin'?
Karitiana	Bactris gasipaes	ɲõɲ mɨt [bɨt]	ɲõɲ mɨt [bɨt]	peach palm (pupunha)	unknown						Galucio et al. 2015: 269
Karo	Bactris gasipaes	jomĩt	jomĩt	peach palm (pupunha)							GALUCIO, MEIRA, BIRCHALL, MOORE, GABAS JÚNIOR, DRUDE, STORTO, PICANÇO, RODRIGUES 2015: 269
Kashibo	Bactris gasipaes		βanĩ́	pupunha							Oliveira 2014:483
Katukina	Bactris gasipaes		wanin	pupunha							Oliveira 2014: 483
Kaxarari	Bactris gasipaes		wanima	pupunha							Oliveira 2014:483
Kitemoka	Bactris gasipaes	popo	popo	palmier chonta				cf. opapaho term in Tapakura			de Créqui-Montfort & Rivet 1913:161												possibly Astrocaryum chonta?
Kokama	Bactris gasipaes	pɨpɨchɨ	pɨpɨtʃɨ	pijuayo (fruto de esp. palmera)				Arawak loan - %pipiri into Proto-Tupinamba-Omagua-Kokama?			Vallejos 2007: 23												Probably comes from Wapishana branch (r > ȥ); see Bahuana
Koreguaje	Bactris gasipaes	ɨne	ɨne	pupunha palm							Chacon 2014: Appendix A
Kotiria	Bactris gasipaes	~ɨde	~ɨde	pupunha palm	inheritence				missing		Chacon 2014: Appendix A	2	1		0				0	0		no
Kueretu	Bactris gasipaes	ɨ’ne	ɨ’ne	pupunha palm							Chacon 2014:Appendix A
Kulina	Bactris gasipaes	ja'ida	ja'ida	peach palm							Dixon 2004:57
Kwazá	Bactris gasipaes	hakuku	hakuku	pupunha Guglielma speciosa (perhaps also Bactris gasipaes), type of black tropical hardwood, used for bows and clubs				haku (hog-plum tree, Spondias lutea, cajá); Voort 2004:857. Edible fruits resemble those of Bactris gasipaes.			van der Voort 2004: 857
Lokono	Bactris gasipaes	paripi	paripi	spiny palm with orange fruit (Bactris minor), (Bactris minor, Arecaceae), palmier à piquants qui porte des grappes d'un fruit comestible.							Fanshawe 1949:70, Patte 2011:182											no
Macaguan	Bactris gasipaes	kuájan	kuáhan	chontaduro (fruta)					missing		Buenaventura 1993: 63	2	1		0				0	0		no	Cf. other palm names with kua, e.g. kuá 'palm similar to milpeso' (kuája fruit of this palm); kuát 'moriche palm'
Machiguenga	Bactris gasipaes	kúiri	kɨiri	pifayo, pihuayo, pijuayo (especie de palmera con muchas espinas en el tronco, cogollo comestible y madera muy dura y negra que se utiliza en la confección de arcos, puntas para flechas, etc.)							Snell 1998:134
Maihiki	Bactris gasipaes	ɨ́nè	ɨ́nè	pijuayo	inheritance	Proto-Tukanoan			uncoded		Proyecto Máíjɨ̀k̀i 2012: 101	2	1		0				0	0		no
Mako	Bactris gasipaes	bãhãlã	bãhãlã	pijiguao palm				Arawak loan - %pipiri?			Roses Labrada 2015:530
Makuna	Bactris gasipaes	~ɨde	~ɨde	pupunha palm							Chacon 2014: Appendix A
Makuráp	Bactris gasipaes	tɨ(ɨ)t	tɨ(ɨ)t	peach palm (pupunha)							GALUCIO, MEIRA, BIRCHALL, MOORE, GABAS JÚNIOR, DRUDE, STORTO, PICANÇO, RODRIGUES 2015: 269
Manxineri	Bactris gasipaes	kõ‘nɾeçi	kõ‘nɾeçi	pupunha				kõ‘nɾe 'seringueira' (Silva 2008:27)			Silva 2008:27
Mapoyo	Bactris gasipaes	pïpïri	pʊpʊri								See Language page
Maquiritari	Bactris gasipaes	hihi:ri, hihi:di, xihi:di (241), fihi:di (241), ɸihi:di (241)	hihiːri	peach palm				Arawak loan - %pipiri?			Hall 1988:235
Marubo	Bactris gasipaes		wanĩ́	pupunha							Oliveira 2014:483
Matis	Bactris gasipaes		wanin	pupunha, Bactris gasipaes							Oliveira 2014:483
Matses	Bactris gasipaes	titado, uanin, idi, teue	titado,wanin, idi (synonyms); tewe (variant), uanin	palmera espinosa cultivada. Bactris (Guilielma) gasipaes (Fam. Palmae).							Fleck & Jiménez 2012: 216, Oliveira 2014:483
Mawé	Bactris gasipaes	mɨɾawe	mɨɾawe	peach palm (pupunha)							GALUCIO, MEIRA, BIRCHALL, MOORE, GABAS JÚNIOR, DRUDE, STORTO, PICANÇO, RODRIGUES 2015: 269
Mekéns	Bactris gasipaes	taapiɾo	taapiɾo	peach palm (pupunha)				Loan, e.g. Harakmbut? cf. %pipiri?			GALUCIO, MEIRA, BIRCHALL, MOORE, GABAS JÚNIOR, DRUDE, STORTO, PICANÇO, RODRIGUES 2015: 269
Minica Witoto	Bactris gasipaes	jime; óɸɛgo-	hime, óɸɛgo-	chontaduro; chonta							Minor & Minor 1982: 49; Aschmann 1993: 141
Miskitu	Bactris gasipaes		súpa								Patiño 1960:55
Moré	Bactris gasipaes	mwitjik [superscript w and j, connecting arc over mw], tikano	mwitjik	arbre fruitier-'pequizeiro'; palmier-‘pupunha’, palmier chonta							Angenot de Lima 2002:518, de Créqui-Montfort and Rivet 1913:161
Mosetén-Chimané	Bactris gasipaes	buey	buej	Guglielma insignis							Patiño 1960: 40
Movima	Bactris gasipaes	nijnaihua	nihnaiwa	chonta (palmera)							Judy 1962: 52
Muinane	Bactris gasipaes	móomo	móomo	chonta palm (chonta)							Aschmann 1993: 141
Mundurukú	Bactris gasipaes	wesəda̤-ʔá	wesəda̤-ʔá	peach palm (pupunha)				not cognate?			GALUCIO, MEIRA, BIRCHALL, MOORE, GABAS JÚNIOR, DRUDE, STORTO, PICANÇO, RODRIGUES 2015: 269
Muniche	Bactris gasipaes	instǘ'ü	instɨ́'ɨ	pijuayo							Proyecto de Documentación del Idioma Muniche 2009:15
Murui Witoto	Bactris gasipaes	jime; óɸɛgo-	hime	pijuayo; chonta	unique						Burtch 1983: 135; Aschmann 1993: 141												Burtch 1983:203 glosses <ofego-> as 'chonta (cogollo de palmera)', i.e. new leaves sprouting at top of palm (regardless of type)
Máku	Bactris gasipaes	[to.'ko]	to:'ko	pupunha				Possible relationship to wild Bastris sp.			Maciel 1991: 8
Nadëb/Rio Negro dialect	Bactris gasipaes		jɯːh								See Language page
Nadëb/Roçado dialect	Bactris gasipaes	jëë	ɟǝ:	peach palm				Cognacy unclear; this vowel in Nadëb normally corresponds to /e/ or /ǝ/ in other lgs, and word-final /w/ normally is regular across all 4. Possible loan Katukinan?			Epps Fieldnotes												vowel quality unclear (mystery vowel)
Nanti	Bactris gasipaes	kuri	kuri	Bactris gasipaes							Michael 2008: 337
Napo Lowland Quichua	Bactris gasipaes	chunda, piguanu	chunda, piguanu								See Language page
Naso	Bactris gasipaes	šúp	šúp	peachpalm (Bactris Gasipaes HBK, Guilielma utilis Oerst.							Constenla 1981:405
Nheengatu	Bactris gasipaes	pupuya	pupuya	pupunha	inheritance			Arawak loan - %pipiri into Proto-Tupinamba-Omagua-Kokama?	underived		Grenand and Ferreira 1989: 266	2	1		0				0	0		no
Ninam	Bactris gasipaes	rasas; raša	rasas	pupunheira (Guilielma speciosa), the spiny peachpalm; peach palm	inheritance				uncoded		Gómez 1990: 171; Migliazza 1972: 313	2	1		0				0	0		no
Nomatsigenga	Bactris gasipaes	quë́rí, quë́irí	kɨ́rí, kɨ́irí	pijuayo (especie de palma y su fruto). Guilielma ciliata.							Shaver 1996:178
Northern Emberá	Bactris gasipaes	memé		chonta				[??] memé			Stansel 1973: 182												Cognate in Epena Pedee means 'ualte chonta'. Astrocaryum? Dept Chocó, western Colombia
Nukak	Bactris gasipaes	münü, juñuni (dialectal variants: Meu Muno and Wayari Muno groups); ürê ('used by ancestors', also present in Tukanoan); búyup, juyuni	mɨnɨ, huɲuni (dialectal), ɨre ('used by ancestors')	Bactris gasipaes; Bactris gasipaes Humb. & Bonpl. ex Kunth; chontaduro	unique			ɨre term is Tukanoan loan	uncoded		Calvo, Eduardo 2011: 226, 241; Politis 2007: 247	2	1		0				0	0		no
Nɨpode Witoto	Bactris gasipaes	jime; né.egoï	hime	pijuayo; chonta							Minor & Minor 1971:32; Aschmann 1993: 141
Ocaina	Bactris gasipaes	jamii; hamiiña	hamii	chontadura, pijuayo; chonta	unique						Leach 1969: 105; Aschmann 1993: 141												Leach 1969 clarifies that this is the 'tree' form
Omurano	Bactris gasipaes	api	api [?]	Bactris gasipaes							Patiño 1960:40												I do not see peach-palm in Tessman 1930 for Omurano; unclear where this data comes from
Palikur	Bactris gasipaes	parip	parip	parépou (sorte de palmier)							Launey 2003: 239
Panare	Bactris gasipaes	achama, kachama, ka'chama, kajchama	atʃama, katʃama, ka'tʃama, kahtʃama; pinki (Aracaceae: Bactris guineensis; MM p. 173)	pijiguao (Guilielma gasipaes)							Mattei Muller 1994:2
Paraguayan Guaraní	Bactris gasipaes	(t)sɨ́rɨ						(t)sɨ́rɨ [guarani antigo, Ruiz de Montoya (1639: 115v): ‘palmeira com que fazem pontas de flechas’ & guarani boliviano antigo, Santiago de León (1791: 87): ‘certo gênero de palmeiras com as quais se fazem flechas’; no entanto, essa palavra não é mencionad			Ramirez and Victorino de França 2017:40
Paresi	Bactris gasipaes		ðaˈlajtse		unknown						Brandão
Parintintin	Bactris gasipaes	hɨɾɨʔßa, hyry'va	hɨɾɨʔ-ßa	peach palm (pupunha), pupunha palm tree: tall, bears yellow or red round fruit in a bunch, which fruit has to be cooked before eaten.				Betts: cf. hyryva s. big green bird with long beak.			GALUCIO, MEIRA, BIRCHALL, MOORE, GABAS JÚNIOR, DRUDE, STORTO, PICANÇO, RODRIGUES 2015: 269, Betts 2012:107
Paumarí	Bactris gasipaes	kaviri	kawiri	pupunha				<kavi> /kawi/ 'alcoholic drink, caxiri', loan Apurinã? possible source of word for alcoholic drink?			Salzer & Chapman 1998:112
Pauserna	Bactris gasipaes	híri	híri	pupunheira, siriba, chonta de comer (Bactris gasipaes)							Ramirez and Victorino de França 2017:40
Pech	Bactris gasipaes	supá	supá	peachpalm (Bactris Gasipaes HBK, Guilielma utilis Oerst.							Constenla 1981:405
Pemon	Bactris gasipaes	təpiɾi [təˈpəːˈɾi]	təpəːɾi	pupunha	doubtful loan (into protolg?), direction unknown - WW			Arawak loan - %pipiri?			Pessoa 2006: Anexo 7, p. 144 of PDF	2	1		0				0	0		no
Piapoco	Bactris gasipaes	pipìri	pipìri	palma de chonta; Bactris gasipaes		Central North Arawak	%pipiri				Klumpp 1995: 88
Piaroa	Bactris gasipaes	pæhæri	pæ̃hæ̃rẽ	Bactris gasipaes				Arawak loan - %pipiri?			Labrada 2019: 96; Zent 1995												Jorge E. Roses Labrada (4Ost2019): There's something (I'm still thinking through this) about the onset of second syllables in Piaroa that weakens the consonant (kʰ > h; p > ʔ; h > ∅, etc.); this is a phonological process and comparing uninflected verbs or
Puinave	Bactris gasipaes	mõ̂n	mõ̂n	chontaduro							Girón 2008: 54
Puruborá	Bactris gasipaes	jupikap	jupikap	peach palm (pupunha)				not cognate?			GALUCIO, MEIRA, BIRCHALL, MOORE, GABAS JÚNIOR, DRUDE, STORTO, PICANÇO, RODRIGUES 2015: 269
Páez	Bactris gasipaes	chunda	tʃunda	chonta (especia de palmera)				Loan Quechua/Spanish?			Slocum & Gerdel 1983: 94												S&G identify as Spanish loan (possibly also Quechua)
Rama	Bactris gasipaes	sūpa	sūpa	peachpalm (Bactris Gasipaes HBK, Guilielma utilis Oerst.							Constenla 1981:405
Resígaro	Bactris gasipaes	pipíigíú, pipíigí?é, pipíigí?í	pipíːgí	pijuayo (el fruto)	doubtful loan (into protolg?), direction unknown - WW	Central North Arawak	%pipiri	pipíːgíʔé 'palmera de pijuayo'; pipíːgíʔí 'un racimo de pijuayo'	uncoded		Allin 1976: 440-1	2	1		0				0	0		no
Rikbaktsa	Bactris gasipaes		iðikba					Ramirez & França 2017 comment that this is a possible Tupi loan, presumably from e.g. Surui jobara			Ramirez & França 2017:40
Sabane	Bactris gasipaes	ota	ota	peach palm, Guilielma speciosa							Antunes de Araujo 2004:345
Sanumá	Bactris gasipaes	lasa	lasa	peach palm					missing		Migliazza 1972: 313	2	1		0				0	0		no
Secoya	Bactris gasipaes		ɨ̃ne								Bruil 2014: 137
Shawi	Bactris gasipaes	o'yapi, i'yapi	uʔjapi	pijuayo							Hart 2008:160
Shipibo-Konibo	Bactris gasipaes		wanĩ́	pupunha							Oliveira 2014: 483
Shiwiar	Bactris gasipaes		uwíi								Kohlberger p.c. 21Sept2019
Shuar	Bactris gasipaes	uwí	uwí	chonta (palmera guilielma), año, árbol de la vida							Pellizaro, P. Siro M. and Fausto O. Náwech. 2005:470
Sikuani	Bactris gasipaes	jipiriboto	hipiri-boto	palmera sp. (chontaduro); [prestamo arawak]				Arawak loan - %pipiri?	uncoded		Queixalos 1990: 73	2	1		0				0	0		no	Entries in Huber & Reed for 'chonta' mostly relate to Irartea palm; no info found for Cuiva or Guayabero
Siona	Bactris gasipaes	ɨne	ɨne	pupunha palm	inheritence						Chacon 2014: Appendix A
Siriano	Bactris gasipaes	~ɨdi	~ɨdi	pupunha palm							Chacon 2014: Appendix A
Sirionó	Bactris gasipaes	siriba	siriba	tembé – peach-palm; Bactris gasipaes				siri 'chonta que sirve para hacer arco y flecha – palm used to make bow and arrows, Astrocaryum gratum'; cf. e-siri (v.) 'to grow'			Gasparini et al. 2015: 61
Soruahá	Bactris gasipaes	[ma:'sa]	ma:sa	pupunha							Suzuki 1997:27
Southern Pastaza Quechua	Bactris gasipaes	chunda	tʃunda								See Language page
Surui	Bactris gasipaes	jobára(a)	jobára(a)	peach palm (pupunha)							GALUCIO, MEIRA, BIRCHALL, MOORE, GABAS JÚNIOR, DRUDE, STORTO, PICANÇO, RODRIGUES 2015: 269
Sáliva	Bactris gasipaes	nen		chonta	missing			Huber & Reed 1992: nen; unclear whether this is actually Bactris			Huber & Reed 1992: 175												From Hortensia Estrada, p.c. via Jorge E. Roses Labrada (4Sept2019): En cuanto al término "chontaduro", lo que puedo decirle es que esa palma no lo conocen ni lo cultivan los sálibas, por lo que no tienen un nombre para esa palma en la lengua. Conocen la
Tanimuca	Bactris gasipaes	~ire	~ire	pupunha palm							Chacon 2014: Appendix A
Tapakura	Bactris gasipaes	onei, opapaho	onei	palmier chonta, G. insignis (Patiño); palmier épineux (C-M & Rivet)							de Créqui-Montfort & Rivet 1913:161, Patiño 1960:49												possibly Astrocaryum chonta?
Tariana	Bactris gasipaes	pípiɾi	pípiɾi	pupunha	doubtful loan (into protolg?), direction unknown - WW	Central North Arawak	%pipiri	Broader (also black palm)	uncoded		Aikhenvald 2001: 105	2	1		0				0	0		no
Tatuyo	Bactris gasipaes	~ɨde	~ɨde	pupunha palm							Chacon 2014: Appendix A
Taushiro	Bactris gasipaes	avante'; àwànté	awante'	pifayo							Alicea Ortiz 1975: 29; O'Hagen forthcoming, Taushiro in HAL
Tikuna	Bactris gasipaes	itü	ĩtɨ	pijuayo (Bactris gassipaes)							Goulard 1994: 356
Tinigua	Bactris gasipaes		jahó								Katherine Bolaños p.c. 26Sept2019
Trió	Bactris gasipaes	pupunja	pupunja	pupunja (in sample sentence)				TG loan, cf. %pipiri			Meira 1999:676
Tsafiki	Bactris gasipaes	aḥue	awe	chonta (Bactris et Irartea sp.)							Beuchat & Rivet 1907:49
Tukano	Bactris gasipaes	~ɨde	~ɨde	pupunha palm	inheritance	Proto-Tukanoan			uncoded		Chacon 2014: Appendix A	2	1		0				0	0		no
Tunebo	Bactris gasipaes		bíbora, bíbira	Bactris				Arawak loan - %pipiri?			Patiño 1960:40
Tupari	Bactris gasipaes	sɨt	sɨt	peach palm (pupunha)							GALUCIO, MEIRA, BIRCHALL, MOORE, GABAS JÚNIOR, DRUDE, STORTO, PICANÇO, RODRIGUES 2015: 269
Tupinamba	Bactris gasipaes	sere-[ɨβa]						sere-[ɨβa] 'mangue-siriúba (Avicennia spp.), boa madeira'			Ramirez and Victorino de França 2017:40
Tuyuka	Bactris gasipaes	ʉ̃ne	~ɨde; túu 'chontaduro verde-amarillo (más seca y más dura que chontaduro rojo; comestible), pupuña verde-amarillo' (309)	chontaduro (término genérico; la fruta)							Barnes 2012: 329
Urarina	Bactris gasipaes	ohaḑzi	uhatçi	chonta							Jakway 1975: 305
Urubu-Ka'apor	Bactris gasipaes	pupũj	pupũj	pupunha; fruto, Bactris gasipaes				Arawak loan - %pipiri			Caldas 2009:274
Wai Wai	Bactris gasipaes	aparpu	aparpu	pupunha, Bactris gasipaes Kunth	missing			cf. Lokono, Palikur; Arawak loan - %pipiri?			Cardozo 2012:110
Waikhana	Bactris gasipaes	~ɨde	~ɨde	pupunha palm							Chacon 2014: Appendix A
Waimaja	Bactris gasipaes	ɨ̃'dẽ-jõ	ɨ̃'dẽ-jõ								See Language page
Waimiri Atroari	Bactris gasipaes	merepy	merepɨ	palm fruit, Bactris gaspaes, palmae				Arawak loan - %pipiri?			Bruno 2003: 179
Waorani	Bactris gasipaes	[tíwæ̧], [dagǽ̧ŋka]; Daguencawe, tewe	dagæ̃-, tiwæ̃-	chonta (palmera), chontaruro (fruta); Bactris gasipaes	unique				uncoded		Peeke 1979: 113; Macía 2004: 9	2	1		0				0	0		no	Macía also lists daguemuwe 'Bactris maraja'; -uwe is associated with various tree names. Clement et al. 2009:123, "Tehue refers to the young growing palm, whose wood is preferred for the manufacture of blowpipes, while daguenka(hue) refers to the mature p
Wapishana	Bactris gasipaes	wazii		pupunha	missing						Oliveira et al. 2011: 170	2	1		0				0	0		no	'<wazi> is glossed as 'awara palm' [Astrocaryum vulgare; tucuma] in Ati'o et al. 2000. Scholar's Dictionary and Grammar of the Wapishana Language. p.93. From Konrad Rybka: I am not sure if the Wapishana term is correct. I think Henfrey’s work is pretty re
Warekena do Xié	Bactris gasipaes	pipili	pipili	pupunha (Guilielma speciosa)				we:pi 'pupunha' (Aikhenvald, Alexandra Y. 2012. Dicionário preliminar da língua Warekena do Rio Xiê, p.36; Aikh says to NOT CITE this dict.)			Ramirez 2001:709
Wari	Bactris gasipaes	temem'	temem'	pupunha (certo tipo de planta da família das arecáceas, Bactris gasipaes).				temem' 'bow (for shooting)'			Sousa 2009: 101												cf. Bolivian regional term tembe
Waunana	Bactris gasipaes	hʌ̈rr(ʌ̈)	hɨr(ɨ)	chontaduro, pijiguá, pixbaí							Binder 1977: 164
Wayampi	Bactris gasipaes	pypyi	pɨpɨi	pupunha				Arawak loan - %pipiri			Olson 1978:10
Wayana	Bactris gasipaes	palepï	palepɨ	parépou (Bactrys Gasipaes, palmacées)				cf. Lokono, Palikur; Arawak loan - %pipiri?			Camargo 2010: 102
Wayoro	Bactris gasipaes	tɨt	tɨt	peach palm (pupunha)							GALUCIO, MEIRA, BIRCHALL, MOORE, GABAS JÚNIOR, DRUDE, STORTO, PICANÇO, RODRIGUES 2015: 269
Yabarana	Bactris gasipaes	pɨpɨri	pɨpɨri	pijiguao				Arawak loan - %pipiri?			Wordlist, Sergio Meira p.c.
Yagua	Bactris gasipaes	pṵriy	pũrji	pijuayo, pifayo				Arawak loan - %pipiri?			Powlison 1995: 456
Yaminahua	Bactris gasipaes	nena	nena	pijuayo							Faust, Norma and Eugene E. Loos. 2002: 154
Yanesha'	Bactris gasipaes	poporr, cororr	popoʐ , coroʐ 'especie de pijuayo de color amarillo' (Duff-Tripp 1998:145)	fruto de pijuayo (una palmera), fruto de chonta.							Duff-Tripp 1998: 300												IPA equivalent of grapheme <rr> not fully clear
Yanomam	Bactris gasipaes	rasa; raša	rasa	peach-palm (pupunha); peach palm	inheritance				uncoded		Ferreira 2017: 117; Migliazza 1972: 313	2	1		0				0	0		no
Yanomami	Bactris gasipaes	rasha; raša	raʃa	peach palm	inheritance			rashapɨ 'extremidad inferior de la espina dorsal de algunos animales' (M-M 262) i.e. endpoint of backbone	underived		Mattei-Müller 2007: 262; Migliazza 1972: 313	2	1		0				0	0		no
Yine	Bactris gasipaes	kiru	kiru; polta-kirne [polta 'parrot'] 'pijuayo amarillo, pijuayo de papagayo (especie de palmera de fruto grasoso)'	pijuayo, pifayo (palmera de frutos comstibles cuyo tallo sirve para hacer flechas y balistas)				konreji 'pijuaillo (palmera pequeña parecida al pijuayo. Tiene fruto comestible)' (Nies 124)			Nies 1986: 116
Yuhup	Bactris gasipaes	sɨɨ́w	ɟ'ɨ̌w	pupunha, Bactris gasipaes	inheritance				underived		Silva 2012: 265	2	1		0				0	0		no
Yukuna	Bactris gasipaes	pipirí	pipiɾí	pupunha	doubtful loan (into protolg?), direction unknown	Central North Arawak	%pipiri		uncoded		Schauer et al. 2005: 135	2	1		0				0	0		no	chontaduro and pupunha interchangeable per dict.
Yurakare	Bactris gasipaes	tembe, tembé	tembe	Guglielma insignis and gasipaes				Possible loan (cf. regional Spanish tembe). Compare Wari'			Patiño 1960:56
Yuruti	Bactris gasipaes	ɨ̃́dẽ-wõ	ɨ̃́dẽ-wõ								See Language page
Záparo	Bactris gasipaes	amarihya	amari[hʲa]	chonta, pifayo, pihuayo							Lev Michael p.c. 20Sept2019; Beier et al. 2011:10


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