Epistemic possibility: verbal construction

Category
Verbal Categories - Mood
Notes

Languages

Language Feature Status Grammatical Notes Source Etymology Notes General Notes Phylogenetic Code
Cahuilla
Cupeño
Luiseño
Serrano
Kitanemuk
Kawaiisu
Timbisha yes
Western Mono
Chemehuevi
Southern Paiute
Southern Ute
Shoshone
Comanche
Idaho Shoshone
Northern Paiute
Gabrielino
Achagua no Wilson & Levinsohn 1992: 102
Resígaro no No indication of such a construction in the discussion of verb group, verb piece, or verb phrase. Allin, 1976: 204, 212, 219
Bare no info Aikhenvald, 1995
Piapoco yes Galindo, 2002: 301
Yukuna no info Shauer & Shauer, 1978; Shauer & Shauer, 2000
Yavitero no Mosonyi, 1987: p. 68
Wapishana no Santos 2006
Wayuu no info
Tariana yes The verb is repeated to experss epistemic possibility. Aikhenvald, 2003: 449
Apurinã no info Facundes, 2000
Asheninka Apurucayali no Payne 1981; Payne 1983
Maipure no Zamponi 2003:41
Yanesha' no info Duff-Tripp
Kinikinau no info
Baure no info Danielsen 2007
Nanti no info Michael, 2008
Paresi yes Rowan and Burgess 1979:44-5
Palikur yes Launey 2003:211
Yine no info Matteson 1965:70-81
Añun no info no discussion of mood Patte 1989
Bora no info Seifart - 2005
Makiritare no Hall 1988: 336
Makushi no info Abbott 1991: 117-122
Eñepa no Payne 2012
Pemon yes de Armellada 1999: 201, 202
Guna no Smith texts
Naso no Quesada 2000
Ika no info
Kogi no info
Cabecar no info
Guaymí no info
Damana yes
Sikuani no de Kondo (Vol.1) - 1985:18; Queixalós - 2000:348-349
Macaguan no info Buenaventura 1993
Aguaruna no Overall 2007:371
Northern Emberá no info
Waorani no info
Ingá no info
Matses no info
Mapudungun no info
Páez no info
Quechua Ayacuchano no Parker 1965:95
Tikuna no info
Urarina no Olawsky:459-92
Waunana no info
Andoke no info
Puinave no Giron 2008: p287
Central Aymara no Huayhua Pari 2001: 138
Kakua no Bolaños fieldnotes
Kaingang yes particle Goncalves 2011:156
Minica Witoto no Minor and Minor 1982. p.53
Hup no Epps 2008
Nadëb/Roçado dialect no info Weir 1984
Dâw no Martins 2004
Desano no Miller 1999, p. 81
Cubeo yes desiderative Morse & Maxwell 1999, p.27
Kotiria yes verb 'know' in compound can mean possibility, suggestion, or ability to do V. Stenzel 2004
Makuna no Smothermon & Smothermon 1993, p.64
Koreguaje no Cook & Criswell 1993, p.55-65
Barasano no Jones & Jones 1991, p.97-98
Tanimuca no Strom 1992, p.82
Siona yes Requires two sets of suffixes: one very similar to the subjunctive form, and one negation. Wheeler - 1987:173-174
Tukano no above all expresses uncertainty West and Welch 2004: 25: Ramirez 1997: 159
Yanomami no Ramirez 1994
Ninam no Goodwin-Gomez, p.98
Sanumá no Borgman 1990: 172, 195-197
Surui no
Karitiana no info
Nheengatu yes particle Cruz 2011:349
Paraguayan Guaraní no Krivoshein and Acosta 2001:101
Aché no info
Kokama yes marked by enclitic/particle Vallejos 2010:500
Nyangumarta no 0
Jingulu no 0
Wambaya no 0
Bunuba no info x
Walmajarri no 0
Nyulnyul no 0
Warrwa no info x
Worrorra no 0
Garrwa no info X
Gooniyandi no 0
Warlpiri no info 0
Bardi no 0
Yugambeh
Yorta Yorta no 87 0
Yir Yoront
Yindjibarndi no info x
Yidiny not done yet X
Yanyuwa no info x
Yandruwandha no info x
Yan-nhangu
Yalarnnga no info x
Woiwurrung no info x
Wirangu No 121, 125 0
Wemba-Wemba no H 46 0
Warumungu No 34 0
Wangkumara no info X
Uradhi No info 364, 381-6 x
Paakantyi no info X
Pitta-Pitta No 220 0
Pintupi no info x
Nyungar no info x
Nhanta no info x
Ngiyambaa no 0
Ngayawang No info x
Muruwari no info x
Mpakwithi
Mayi-Yapi No 59 0
Martuthunira no info x
Marrgany No 317 0
Kuuk Thaayorre No 390 0
Kuku Yalanji no 0
Kugu-Nganhcara No 435 0
Kaurna No 19 0
Kalkatungu no info x
Jaru yes 204 1
Guugu-Yimidhirr No 93 0
Gureng Gureng no info x
Gupapuyngu
Gumbaynggirr no 335 0
Gugu-Badhun no 155 0
Yuwaalaraay No 46 0
Dyirbal No 123 0
Duungidjawu no 103, 111-112 0
Djinang No 193 0
Djabugay
Diyari no 0
Dharuk
Dharawal yes 55-56 1
Darkinyung no info x
Bularnu no info x
Biri no info x
Bidjara-Gungabula no info x
Batyala no info x
Arabana no 0
Alyawarr no info X
Nyikina yes 1
Yawuru
Ngarinyin
Yulparija no info x
Wathawurrung no info x
Mathi-Mathi no info x
Hunter River and Lake Macquarie no 77 0
Thanggati yes 67 1
Katthang no info x
Panyjima no info x
Ngarinyeri No info x
Kurrama no info x
Yingkarta no 0
Githabul No 24 0
Gunya No 327 0
Kunjen No 105 0
WesternTorres no info x
Wakaya no 0
Yindjilindji no info x
Bandjalang No Sharpe 78 0
Ngaatjatjara No 119 0
Arrernte No 174 0
Kokatha No 38 0
Karajarri Yes 186 1
Pitjantjatjara No G 287 0
Ritharrngu No 111 0
Warrgamay No 82 0
Warluwarra no info x
Warnman no info x
Djapu no info x
Bilinarra no info x
Wiradjuri no info x
Aghu-Tharnggala No 72 0
Narungga No info 74 x
Tharrkari No 43 0
Wajarri No 99 0
Warungu no info X
Adnyamathanha
Yagua no info Payne and Payne 1990
Baniwa no Ramirez 2001