Verbal frustrative
- Category
- Verbal Categories - Mood
- Notes
- Modal expressing frustration ("in vain")
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Languages
| Language | Feature Status | Grammatical Notes | Source | Etymology Notes | General Notes | Phylogenetic Code |
|---|
Language | Feature Status | Grammatical Notes | Source | Etymology Notes | General Notes | Phylogenetic Code |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Achagua | no info | Wilson & Levinsohn 1992 | ||||
| Aché | yes | It seeems to be a verbal suffix | Susnik 1974:79 | |||
| Adnyamathanha | ||||||
| Aghu-Tharnggala | No | 70 | 0 | |||
| Aguaruna | yes | Overall 2007:384 | ||||
| Alyawarr | no info | X | ||||
| Andoke | no info | |||||
| Apurinã | yes | Facundes calls this anti-perfective/"almost" marking, to indicate that some event almost happened. | Facundes, 2000: 315 | |||
| Arabana | yes | 238 | 1 | |||
| Arrernte | No | 397 | 0 | |||
| Asheninka Apurucayali | yes | Payne 1983:12 | ||||
| Añun | no info | no discussion of mood | Patte 1989 | |||
| Bandjalang | No | 94 | 0 | |||
| Baniwa | yes | =tha | Ramirez 2001 | |||
| Barasano | no | Jones & Jones 1991, p.91 | The tenses of conjecture with -boo (subjunctive) to express the subj. mood, i.e., that which would have occurred but did not for some reason. | |||
| Bardi | no | 0 | ||||
| Bare | no | Aikhenvald, 1995: 33 | ||||
| Batyala | no info | x | ||||
| Baure | no info | Danielsen 2007 | ||||
| Bidjara-Gungabula | no info | x | ||||
| Bilinarra | no | 0 | ||||
| Biri | no info | x | ||||
| Bora | yes | Seifart - 2005:61; Thiesen - 1996:71 | ||||
| Bularnu | no | 0 | ||||
| Bunuba | no info | x | ||||
| Cabecar | no info | |||||
| Cahuilla | ||||||
| Central Aymara | no | Huayhua Pari 2001: 135 to 140 | ||||
| Chemehuevi | ||||||
| Comanche | ||||||
| Cubeo | yes | also an optative frustrative | Morse & Maxwell 1999, p. 28 | |||
| Cupeño | ||||||
| Damana | no | |||||
| Darkinyung | no | 47 | 0 | |||
| Desano | yes | Miller 1999, p. 81 | ||||
| Dharawal | no info | x | ||||
| Dharuk | ||||||
| Diyari | no info | x | ||||
| Djabugay | ||||||
| Djapu | no info | x | ||||
| Djinang | No | 167 | 0 | |||
| Duungidjawu | no | 70 | 0 | |||
| Dyirbal | No | 119 | 0 | |||
| Dâw | yes | Martins 2004 | ||||
| Eñepa | no | Payne 2012 | ||||
| Gabrielino | ||||||
| Garrwa | no info | X | ||||
| Githabul | No | 24 | 0 | |||
| Gooniyandi | no info | x | ||||
| Guaymí | no | Quesada 2008:99-146 | ||||
| Gugu-Badhun | no info | x | ||||
| Gumbaynggirr | no | 300, 314-5 | 0 | |||
| Guna | no | Smith texts | ||||
| Gunya | No | 329 | 0 | |||
| Gupapuyngu | ||||||
| Gureng Gureng | no info | x | ||||
| Guugu-Yimidhirr | No | 80 | 0 | |||
| Hunter River and Lake Macquarie | maybe | 76 | 1 | |||
| Hup | yes | Epps 2008 | ||||
| Idaho Shoshone | ||||||
| Ika | no | Frank 1985:60-104 | ||||
| Ingá | no info | |||||
| Jaru | yes | 205 | 1 | |||
| Jingulu | no info | x | ||||
| Kaingang | no | not likely | Silva 2011/Goncalves 2011 | |||
| Kakua | yes | Bolaños fieldnotes | ||||
| Kalkatungu | yes | 97 | 1 | |||
| Karajarri | Yes | 282 | 1 | |||
| Karitiana | no | Everett 2006:223-95 | ||||
| Katthang | no | 80-81 | 0 | |||
| Kaurna | No info | x | ||||
| Kawaiisu | ||||||
| Kinikinau | no info | |||||
| Kitanemuk | ||||||
| Kogi | no info | |||||
| Kokama | no | Vallejos 2010 | ||||
| Kokatha | No | 28 | 0 | |||
| Koreguaje | yes | Cook & Criswell 1993, p.77 | ||||
| Kotiria | yes | Stenzel 2004, p. 313 | ||||
| Kugu-Nganhcara | No | 406 | 0 | |||
| Kuku Yalanji | no | 0 | ||||
| Kunjen | No | 113 | 0 | |||
| Kurrama | no info | x | ||||
| Kuuk Thaayorre | No | 66 | 0 | |||
| Luiseño | ||||||
| Macaguan | no info | Buenaventura 1993 | ||||
| Maipure | no | Zamponi 2003:37-47 | ||||
| Makiritare | no | Hall 1988: 336 | ||||
| Makuna | yes | Smothermon & Smothermon 1993, p.64 | ||||
| Makushi | no | Abbott 1991: 117-122 | ||||
| Mapudungun | no | Zúñiga 2006, p.102-94 | ||||
| Marrgany | No | 319 | 0 | |||
| Martuthunira | yes | 151-152 | 1 | |||
| Mathi-Mathi | no | 99 | 0 | |||
| Matses | no info | |||||
| Mayi-Yapi | No | 55-60 | 0 | |||
| Minica Witoto | no | not indicated/expected | Minor and Minor 1982. p.101-102 | |||
| Mpakwithi | ||||||
| Muruwari | no info | x | ||||
| Nadëb/Roçado dialect | yes | Weir 1984 | ||||
| Nanti | yes | Michael, 2008. p. 275 | ||||
| Narungga | No info | 74 | x | |||
| Naso | yes | particle | Quesada 2000 | |||
| Ngaatjatjara | No | 80 | 0 | |||
| Ngarinyeri | No info | x | ||||
| Ngarinyin | ||||||
| Ngayawang | No info | x | ||||
| Ngiyambaa | no | 0 | ||||
| Nhanta | no info | x | ||||
| Nheengatu | no info | Cruz 2011:358 | ||||
| Ninam | no info | Goodwin-Gomez | ||||
| Northern Emberá | no | Mortensen 1999:59-88 | Catío | |||
| Northern Paiute | ||||||
| Nyangumarta | no | 0 | ||||
| Nyikina | no | 0 | ||||
| Nyulnyul | no info | x | ||||
| Nyungar | no info | x | ||||
| Paakantyi | no info | X | ||||
| Palikur | no | Launey 2003 | ||||
| Panyjima | no | 0 | ||||
| Paraguayan Guaraní | no | There is a verbal suffix marking "frustration" | Krivoshein and Acosta 2001:97 | |||
| Paresi | yes | Brandão 2010:48 | ||||
| Pemon | no | de Armellada 1999: 121 to 136 | ||||
| Piapoco | yes | Galindo, 2002: 321 | ||||
| Pintupi | no info | x | ||||
| Pitjantjatjara | No | Y 8 | 0 | |||
| Pitta-Pitta | No | 201 | 0 | |||
| Puinave | yes | person marker-FRUS-Verb | Giron 2008: p271 | |||
| Páez | no info | |||||
| Quechua Ayacuchano | no info | |||||
| Resígaro | yes | Allin, 1976: 337 | ||||
| Ritharrngu | Yes | 94 | 1 | |||
| Sanumá | no info | |||||
| Serrano | ||||||
| Shoshone | ||||||
| Sikuani | yes | Not an affix. | Queixalós - 2000:20 | |||
| Siona | yes | Wheeler - 1970:93 | ||||
| Southern Paiute | ||||||
| Southern Ute | ||||||
| Surui | no info | |||||
| Tanimuca | yes | The modal -kope(contra-expectation) indicates a situation where the expected result of some proposition is frustrated and does not occur. | Strom 1992, p.82-83 | |||
| Tariana | yes | Clitic, usually on main verb. | Aikhenvald, 2003: 380 | |||
| Thanggati | no | 42-50 | 0 | |||
| Tharrkari | No | 31 | 0 | |||
| Tikuna | no info | |||||
| Timbisha | ||||||
| Tukano | yes | Ramirez 1997: 156-157 | ||||
| Uradhi | No | 363 | 0 | |||
| Urarina | no | There is a clitc marking frustration | Olawsky:509 | |||
| Wajarri | No | 96 | 0 | |||
| Wakaya | no | 0 | ||||
| Walmajarri | no info | x | ||||
| Wambaya | no info | x | ||||
| Wangkumara | no | 39 | 0 | |||
| Waorani | yes | Peeke 1973:18, 39 | ||||
| Wapishana | no | Santos 2006: 169 | ||||
| Warlpiri | no info | 0 | ||||
| Warluwarra | no info | x | ||||
| Warnman | no info | x | ||||
| Warrgamay | Yes | 82 | 1 | |||
| Warrwa | no info | x | ||||
| Warumungu | No info | x | ||||
| Warungu | no | 271 | 0 | |||
| Wathawurrung | no info | x | ||||
| Waunana | no info | |||||
| Wayuu | no | Mansen & Captain, 2000: p. 800 | ||||
| Wemba-Wemba | no info | x | ||||
| Western Mono | ||||||
| WesternTorres | no | 0 | ||||
| Wiradjuri | no info | x | ||||
| Wirangu | No info | x | ||||
| Woiwurrung | no info | x | ||||
| Worrorra | yes | 74 | 1 | |||
| Yagua | yes | Payne and Payne 1990:403 | ||||
| Yalarnnga | no | 0 | ||||
| Yan-nhangu | ||||||
| Yandruwandha | no | 74 | 0 | |||
| Yanesha' | no | Duff-Tripp 1997:69-124 | ||||
| Yanomami | yes | occurs directly before the verb root | Ramirez 1994: 160 | |||
| Yanyuwa | no info | x | ||||
| Yavitero | no | Mosonyi, 1987: p. 66-69 | ||||
| Yawuru | ||||||
| Yidiny | no | 0 | ||||
| Yindjibarndi | no | 0 | ||||
| Yindjilindji | no info | x | ||||
| Yine | yes | Matteson 1965:70-81 | ||||
| Yingkarta | no | 0 | ||||
| Yir Yoront | ||||||
| Yorta Yorta | no | 83 | 0 | |||
| Yugambeh | ||||||
| Yukuna | no | Shauer & Shauer, 1978: p. 42 | ||||
| Yulparija | No | 39 | 0 | |||
| Yuwaalaraay | No info | 59 | x |
| Language |
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