VS in transitive clauses
- Category
- Word Order
- Notes
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Languages
| Language | Feature Status | Grammatical Notes | Source | Etymology Notes | General Notes | Phylogenetic Code |
|---|
Language | Feature Status | Grammatical Notes | Source | Etymology Notes | General Notes | Phylogenetic Code |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Achagua | no | Wilson & Levinsohn 1992: 2 | ||||
| Aché | no info | |||||
| Adnyamathanha | ||||||
| Aghu-Tharnggala | Yes | 76 | 1 | |||
| Aguaruna | no | Overall 2007:546 | But there may be some variation | |||
| Alyawarr | yes | 129 | 1 | |||
| Andoke | no | Landaburu 1979: 96 | ||||
| Apurinã | no | In corpus, only 15/173 free subjects follow verb. | Aberdour, 1985: 28 | |||
| Arabana | no | 311: cf text 9.2.5, sentence 16 | 0 | |||
| Arrernte | No | 329 | 0 | |||
| Asheninka Apurucayali | no | Payne 1982:1820 | ||||
| Añun | yes | author does not discuss word order, but verb seems to be S initial | Patte 1989:75, 113-119 | |||
| Bandjalang | No | 115 | 0 | |||
| Baniwa | no | Ramirez 2001 | ||||
| Barasano | yes | The subject need not be explicit other than to be indicated by the person and number marking on the main verb. | Jones & Jones 1991, p.108 | |||
| Bardi | yes | 1 | ||||
| Bare | no | Aikhenvald, 1995: 44 | ||||
| Batyala | No | 4 | 0 | |||
| Baure | yes | Danielsen 2007: p333 | ||||
| Bidjara-Gungabula | no | 0 | ||||
| Bilinarra | no info | x | ||||
| Biri | no | 50 | 0 | |||
| Bora | no | Seifart - 2005:63-68 | ||||
| Bularnu | yes | 108 | 1 | |||
| Bunuba | yes | 1 | ||||
| Cabecar | no | Margery 1985:102 | ||||
| Cahuilla | no | |||||
| Central Aymara | no | Huayhua Pari 2001: 289-291 | ||||
| Chemehuevi | ||||||
| Comanche | no | |||||
| Cubeo | yes | Morse & Maxwell 1999, p. 141 | ||||
| Cupeño | no | |||||
| Damana | no | |||||
| Darkinyung | no | 51 | 0 | |||
| Desano | no | Miller 1999, p. 2 | ||||
| Dharawal | yes | 46; 63 | 1 | |||
| Dharuk | ||||||
| Diyari | no | 147 | 0 | |||
| Djabugay | ||||||
| Djapu | yes | 155-6 | 1 | |||
| Djinang | No | 203 | 0 | |||
| Duungidjawu | no | 94 | 0 | |||
| Dyirbal | No | 291 | 0 | |||
| Dâw | no | SV | Martins 2005:521 | |||
| Eñepa | yes | Gildea 1993:44 | ||||
| Gabrielino | ||||||
| Garrwa | yes | 54 | 1 | |||
| Githabul | No | 42 | 0 | |||
| Gooniyandi | yes | 1 | ||||
| Guaymí | no | Alphonse 1956:51 | ||||
| Gugu-Badhun | no | 0 | ||||
| Gumbaynggirr | no | 341 | 0 | |||
| Guna | no | Smith texts | ||||
| Gunya | No | 335 | 0 | |||
| Gupapuyngu | ||||||
| Gureng Gureng | no info | x | ||||
| Guugu-Yimidhirr | NO | 101 | 0 | |||
| Hunter River and Lake Macquarie | n/a | 0 | ||||
| Hup | no | Epps 2008 | ||||
| Idaho Shoshone | no | |||||
| Ika | no | Frank 1990:3 | ||||
| Ingá | no | Levinson 1978:25 | ||||
| Jaru | no info | x | ||||
| Jingulu | yes | 1 | ||||
| Kaingang | no | Silva 2011/Goncalves 2011 | ||||
| Kakua | no | Bolaños fieldnotes | ||||
| Kalkatungu | yes | 159 | 1 | |||
| Karajarri | No | 319 | 0 | |||
| Karitiana | no | Everett 2006:320-1 | ||||
| Katthang | no | 106 | 0 | |||
| Kaurna | No info | x | ||||
| Kawaiisu | ||||||
| Kinikinau | yes | Couto 2005:54 | ||||
| Kitanemuk | ||||||
| Kogi | no | Stendal 1976:3 | ||||
| Kokama | no | Vallejos 2010:466 | ||||
| Kokatha | No | 66 | 0 | |||
| Koreguaje | yes | Cook & Criswell 1993, iii | ||||
| Kotiria | no | Stenzel 2004, p. 220 | ||||
| Kugu-Nganhcara | No | 415 | 0 | |||
| Kuku Yalanji | yes | 140 | 1 | |||
| Kunjen | yes | 30 | 1 | |||
| Kurrama | yes | 191 | 1 | |||
| Kuuk Thaayorre | No | 450 | 0 | |||
| Luiseño | ||||||
| Macaguan | no | Buenaventura - 1993 | ||||
| Maipure | no | Zamponi 2003:40-42 | ||||
| Makiritare | no | Hall 1988: 46 | ||||
| Makuna | yes | Smotheron 1993, p.31 | subject may appear clause initial also; focus | |||
| Makushi | yes | Abbott 1991: 24 | ||||
| Mapudungun | no | Zúñiga 2006, p. 240-1 | ||||
| Marrgany | No | 335 | 0 | |||
| Martuthunira | no | 238-239 | 0 | |||
| Mathi-Mathi | yes | 109 | 1 | |||
| Matses | yes | Fleck:814 | ||||
| Mayi-Yapi | No | 64 | 0 | |||
| Minica Witoto | no | Minor and Minor 1982. p.40 | ||||
| Mpakwithi | ||||||
| Muruwari | yes | 219 | 1 | |||
| Nadëb/Roçado dialect | yes | OSV preferred, SVO also common | Weir 1984:24 | |||
| Nanti | no | Non-focused, referential NPs are found before the verb when they are subjects and after the verb when they are objects, but these are uncommon. There are no examples of a transitive clause with two free referential NPs. | Michael, 2008. p. 345 | |||
| Narungga | No | 86 | 0 | |||
| Naso | no | Quesada 2000 | ||||
| Ngaatjatjara | No | 28 | 0 | |||
| Ngarinyeri | No info | x | ||||
| Ngarinyin | ||||||
| Ngayawang | No info | x | ||||
| Ngiyambaa | yes | 222 | 1 | |||
| Nhanta | yes | 1 | ||||
| Nheengatu | yes | Cruz 2011:417 | ||||
| Ninam | no | Goodwin-Gomez: 125 | ||||
| Northern Emberá | no | Mortensen 1999:89 | Catío | |||
| Northern Paiute | no | |||||
| Nyangumarta | yes | 1 | ||||
| Nyikina | yes | 1 | ||||
| Nyulnyul | yes | 1 | ||||
| Nyungar | no info | x | ||||
| Paakantyi | no | 236-237 | 0 | |||
| Palikur | no | SV | Green and Green 1972:57 | |||
| Panyjima | no | 181-183 | 0 | |||
| Paraguayan Guaraní | no | Krivoshein and Acosta 2001:136-7 | ||||
| Paresi | no | Rowan and Burgess 1979:31 | ||||
| Pemon | yes | de Armellada 1999: 23 | ||||
| Piapoco | no | See examples on pages 251-252. | Galindo, 2002: 251-252 | |||
| Pintupi | no info | x | ||||
| Pitjantjatjara | No | G 40 | 0 | |||
| Pitta-Pitta | No | 213 | 0 | |||
| Puinave | yes | Giron 2008: 336 | ||||
| Páez | no | Rojas:463 | ||||
| Quechua Ayacuchano | no | Soto 1976:59 | ||||
| Resígaro | no | Allin says that SOV order is "quite rigid" in transitive clauses. | Allin, 1976: 318 | |||
| Ritharrngu | Yes | 103 | 1 | |||
| Sanumá | no | Borgman 1990: 19 | ||||
| Serrano | ||||||
| Shoshone | no | |||||
| Sikuani | no | Queixalós 2000 | ||||
| Siona | no | Wheeler - 1987:140 | ||||
| Southern Paiute | no | |||||
| Southern Ute | ||||||
| Surui | no | Van der Meer (?):1 | ||||
| Tanimuca | no | Strom 1992, p.114 | The basic order of a transitive clause is SOV. | |||
| Tariana | no | Aikhenvald, 2003: 507 | ||||
| Thanggati | no | 88 | 0 | |||
| Tharrkari | Yes | 13 | 1 | |||
| Tikuna | yes | In the order OVS | Soares Faco 1993:96 | |||
| Timbisha | ||||||
| Tukano | no | West and Welch 2004; Ramirez 1997: 109, 367-9 | inferred from examples | |||
| Uradhi | No | 368 | 0 | |||
| Urarina | yes | Olawsky:652 | ||||
| Wajarri | No | 138 | 0 | |||
| Wakaya | yes | 102 | 1 | |||
| Walmajarri | yes | 1 | ||||
| Wambaya | yes | 1 | ||||
| Wangkumara | yes | r26 | 1 | |||
| Waorani | no info | |||||
| Wapishana | no | Santos, 2006: 217 | ||||
| Warlpiri | yes | h5-6 | 1 | |||
| Warluwarra | no | 0 | ||||
| Warnman | Yes | 12 | 1 | |||
| Warrgamay | Yes | 63 | 1 | |||
| Warrwa | yes | 1 | ||||
| Warumungu | No | 42 | 0 | |||
| Warungu | yes | 376 | 1 | |||
| Wathawurrung | yes | 84 | 1 | |||
| Waunana | no | It is only possible in derived passive sentences | Mejía 2000:90 | |||
| Wayuu | yes | Mansen & Captain, 2000: p. 803 | ||||
| Wemba-Wemba | yes | H 51 | 1 | |||
| Western Mono | no | |||||
| WesternTorres | no info | x | ||||
| Wiradjuri | no info | x | ||||
| Wirangu | No | 49 | 0 | |||
| Woiwurrung | no | 67, 72 | 0 | |||
| Worrorra | yes | 1 | ||||
| Yagua | yes | Payne and Payne 1990:254 | ||||
| Yalarnnga | yes | 54, cf 39: ex 3-125 | 1 | |||
| Yan-nhangu | ||||||
| Yandruwandha | yes | cf Breen dictionary 176, text A, line 15 | 1 | |||
| Yanesha' | yes | Duff-Tripp 1997:158 | ||||
| Yanomami | no | Ramirez 1994 | based on a frequency count of basic declarative clauses with full NPs | |||
| Yanyuwa | yes | 106 | 1 | |||
| Yavitero | yes | The verb must be at the beginning and either of the orders are accepted VOS or VSO | Mosonyi, 1987: p. 67, 90 | |||
| Yawuru | ||||||
| Yidiny | no | 0 | ||||
| Yindjibarndi | yes | cf 203, text 7; 238, text 62 | 1 | |||
| Yindjilindji | yes | 503 | 1 | |||
| Yine | no | Matteson 1965:39 | ||||
| Yingkarta | yes | 1 | ||||
| Yir Yoront | ||||||
| Yorta Yorta | no | 104 | 0 | |||
| Yugambeh | ||||||
| Yukuna | no | Shauer & Shauer, 2000: p. 518 | ||||
| Yulparija | No | 44 | 0 | |||
| Yuwaalaraay | No | 93 | 0 |
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