Noun-Gen
- Category
- Word Order
- Notes
- Possessive phrase composed of a free possessor and its possessum has possessum first (e.g. 'book of John')
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Languages
| Language | Feature Status | Grammatical Notes | Source | Etymology Notes | General Notes | Phylogenetic Code |
|---|
Language | Feature Status | Grammatical Notes | Source | Etymology Notes | General Notes | Phylogenetic Code |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Achagua | no | Wilson & Levinsohn 1992: 5 | ||||
| Aché | no info | |||||
| Adnyamathanha | ||||||
| Aghu-Tharnggala | Yes | 81 | 1 | |||
| Aguaruna | no | Overall 2007:545 | ||||
| Alyawarr | yes | 75, 117 | 1 | |||
| Andoke | yes | for alienable possession; I've only seen this with a free N and pronominal possessor | Landaburu 1979: 160 | |||
| Apurinã | no | Facundes, 2000: 449 | ||||
| Arabana | no info | x | ||||
| Arrernte | Yes | 149 | 1 | |||
| Asheninka Apurucayali | yes | Mihas 2010:122 | ||||
| Añun | no info | Patte 1989 | ||||
| Bandjalang | yes | 31 | 1 | |||
| Baniwa | yes | Ramirez 2001 | ||||
| Barasano | no | Jones & Jones 1991, p.61 | ||||
| Bardi | yes | 1 | ||||
| Bare | no | Aikhenvald, 1995: 14 | ||||
| Batyala | no info | x | ||||
| Baure | yes | Danielsen 2007 | ||||
| Bidjara-Gungabula | no | 53; 54 | 0 | |||
| Bilinarra | yes | 4.7.1 | 1 | |||
| Biri | yes | 55 | 1 | |||
| Bora | no | Seifart - 2005:52 | ||||
| Bularnu | yes | 85 | 1 | |||
| Bunuba | yes | 1 | ||||
| Cabecar | yes | but the possessor is not free since it has the genitive suffix /-tʃa/. | Bourland 1976:57 | |||
| Cahuilla | no | |||||
| Central Aymara | no | Huayhua Pari 2001: 284 | ||||
| Chemehuevi | no | |||||
| Comanche | no | |||||
| Cubeo | no | Morse & Maxwell 1999, p. 91 | ||||
| Cupeño | no | |||||
| Damana | no | |||||
| Darkinyung | yes | 51 | 1 | |||
| Desano | no | Miller 1999, p. 5 | ||||
| Dharawal | no info | x | ||||
| Dharuk | ||||||
| Diyari | yes | 96; 138 | 1 | |||
| Djabugay | ||||||
| Djapu | yes | 123 | 1 | |||
| Djinang | No | 197 | 0 | |||
| Duungidjawu | yes | 36-37 | 1 | |||
| Dyirbal | No | 291 | 0 | |||
| Dâw | yes | genetive marked only on alienable Nouns. Suffixed | Martins 2004 | |||
| Eñepa | no | Payne 1993:134 | ||||
| Gabrielino | ||||||
| Garrwa | yes | 8 | 1 | |||
| Githabul | No | 33 | 0 | |||
| Gooniyandi | yes | 1 | ||||
| Guaymí | yes | Alphonse 1956:50 | ||||
| Gugu-Badhun | no | 123-4 | 0 | |||
| Gumbaynggirr | no | 260 | 0 | |||
| Guna | no | Smith texts | ||||
| Gunya | No | 335 | 0 | |||
| Gupapuyngu | ||||||
| Gureng Gureng | no info | x | ||||
| Guugu-Yimidhirr | yes | 56 | 1 | |||
| Hunter River and Lake Macquarie | no | 26 | 0 | |||
| Hup | no | Epps 2008 | ||||
| Idaho Shoshone | no | |||||
| Ika | yes | Frank 1990:4 | ||||
| Ingá | no | Levinson 1974:19 | ||||
| Jaru | no info | x | ||||
| Jingulu | yes | 1 | ||||
| Kaingang | no info | Silva 2011/Goncalves 2011 | ||||
| Kakua | yes | Bolaños fieldnotes | ||||
| Kalkatungu | no | cf 50, (3.78), e.g. | 0 | |||
| Karajarri | Yes | 293 | 1 | |||
| Karitiana | no | Everett 2006:303-4 | ||||
| Katthang | no | 103 | 0 | |||
| Kaurna | No info | x | ||||
| Kawaiisu | ||||||
| Kinikinau | yes | Souza 2008:115-6 | ||||
| Kitanemuk | yes | |||||
| Kogi | no info | |||||
| Kokama | no | Vallejos 2010:251 | ||||
| Kokatha | No | 55 | 0 | |||
| Koreguaje | no | Cook & Criswell 1993, iii | ||||
| Kotiria | no | Stenzel 2004, p. 183 | ||||
| Kugu-Nganhcara | yes | 389 | 1 | |||
| Kuku Yalanji | yes | 121 | 1 | |||
| Kunjen | No | 42 | 0 | |||
| Kurrama | yes | 38 | 1 | |||
| Kuuk Thaayorre | Yes | 77 | 1 | |||
| Luiseño | no | |||||
| Macaguan | yes | Buenaventura - 1993:50 | ||||
| Maipure | no | Zamponi 2003:32 | ||||
| Makiritare | no | Hall 1988: 42 | ||||
| Makuna | yes | Smothermon & Smothermon 1993, p.40 | ||||
| Makushi | no | Carson 1982: 56 | ||||
| Mapudungun | no info | |||||
| Marrgany | No | 335 | 0 | |||
| Martuthunira | yes | 91-92 | 1 | |||
| Mathi-Mathi | no | 89 | 0 | |||
| Matses | no | Fleck:760-9 | ||||
| Mayi-Yapi | yes | 45, 48 | 1 | |||
| Minica Witoto | yes | Minor and Minor 1982. p.36 | ||||
| Mpakwithi | ||||||
| Muruwari | yes | 67 | 1 | |||
| Nadëb/Roçado dialect | no | Weir 1984 | ||||
| Nanti | no | Michael, 2008. p. 369 | ||||
| Narungga | No | 65 | 0 | |||
| Naso | no | Quesada 2000 | ||||
| Ngaatjatjara | No | 29 | 0 | |||
| Ngarinyeri | No | 11 | 0 | |||
| Ngarinyin | ||||||
| Ngayawang | No info | x | ||||
| Ngiyambaa | no info | x | ||||
| Nhanta | yes | 1 | ||||
| Nheengatu | no | Cruz 2011:259 | ||||
| Ninam | no info | Goodwin-Gomez | no examples with full NPs, pronoun order varies | |||
| Northern Emberá | no | Aguirre 1999:79-80 | Chamí | |||
| Northern Paiute | no | |||||
| Nyangumarta | yes | 1 | ||||
| Nyikina | yes | 1 | ||||
| Nyulnyul | yes | 1 | ||||
| Nyungar | no? | d44 | 0 | |||
| Paakantyi | yes | 103 | 1 | |||
| Palikur | yes | Green and Green 1972:27 | ||||
| Panyjima | no | 144 | 0 | |||
| Paraguayan Guaraní | no | Ayala 1996:85-6 | ||||
| Paresi | no info | Rowan 1978, Rowan and Burgess 1979, Brandão 2010 | ||||
| Pemon | no | de Armellada 1999: 13 | ||||
| Piapoco | no | Galindo, 2002: 96 | ||||
| Pintupi | no info | x | ||||
| Pitjantjatjara | No | Y 17 | 0 | |||
| Pitta-Pitta | No | 214 | 0 | |||
| Puinave | no | Giron 2008: p386 | ||||
| Páez | no | Jung:122 | ||||
| Quechua Ayacuchano | no | Parker 1965:41 | ||||
| Resígaro | no | Allin, 1976: 223 | ||||
| Ritharrngu | Yes | 24 | 1 | |||
| Sanumá | no | Borgman 1990: 127 | ||||
| Serrano | no | |||||
| Shoshone | no | |||||
| Sikuani | no | de Kondo (Vol.2) - 1985:4; Queixalós - 2000:49-206 | ||||
| Siona | no | Wheeler - 1987:121-125 | ||||
| Southern Paiute | no | |||||
| Southern Ute | no | |||||
| Surui | no | Van der Meer (?):1 | ||||
| Tanimuca | no | Strom 1992, p.131 | ||||
| Tariana | no | From the examples, it looks as though the possessor precedes the possessum, except when the possessor is mentioned as an afterthought. | Aikhenvald, 2003: 123 | |||
| Thanggati | no | 20-21 | 0 | |||
| Tharrkari | Yes | 13 | 1 | |||
| Tikuna | yes | It is only possible when a topic particle occurs in the sentence | Faco Soares 1990:86; 1992:109 | |||
| Timbisha | no | |||||
| Tukano | no | Ramirez 1997: 324 | ||||
| Uradhi | No | 371 | 0 | |||
| Urarina | no | Olawsky:331-40 | ||||
| Wajarri | Yes | 138 | 1 | |||
| Wakaya | yes | 126 | 1 | |||
| Walmajarri | yes | 1 | ||||
| Wambaya | yes | 1 | ||||
| Wangkumara | no info | X | ||||
| Waorani | no | Orr et all. 1991:21 | ||||
| Wapishana | yes | Santos, 2006: 222 | ||||
| Warlpiri | no? | L50 | 0 | |||
| Warluwarra | yes | 876 | 1 | |||
| Warnman | No | 23 | 0 | |||
| Warrgamay | Yes | 63 | 1 | |||
| Warrwa | yes | 1 | ||||
| Warumungu | yes | 55 | 1 | |||
| Warungu | yes | 639 | 1 | |||
| Wathawurrung | no | 74 | 0 | |||
| Waunana | no | Mejía 2000:90 | ||||
| Wayuu | yes | Mansen & Captain, 2000: p. 799 | ||||
| Wemba-Wemba | no | H 32 | 0 | |||
| Western Mono | no | |||||
| WesternTorres | no | FO 125, 129 | 0 | |||
| Wiradjuri | no info | x | ||||
| Wirangu | No | 51 | 0 | |||
| Woiwurrung | no | 68 | 0 | |||
| Worrorra | yes | ms13.1.2 | 1 | |||
| Yagua | no | Payne and Payne 1990 | ||||
| Yalarnnga | n/a | 0 | ||||
| Yan-nhangu | ||||||
| Yandruwandha | yes | 79 | 1 | |||
| Yanesha' | no | Duff-Tripp 1997:29-30 | ||||
| Yanomami | no | Ramirez 1994: 179 | ||||
| Yanyuwa | n/a | 0 | ||||
| Yavitero | yes | All examples of possessive noun phrases show a noun-gen pattern. | Mosonyi, 1987: p. 37 | |||
| Yawuru | ||||||
| Yidiny | no | 0 | ||||
| Yindjibarndi | yes | cf text 52, line 3, p226 | 1 | |||
| Yindjilindji | yes | 502 | 1 | |||
| Yine | no | Matteson 1965:65 | ||||
| Yingkarta | yes | 1 | ||||
| Yir Yoront | ||||||
| Yorta Yorta | yes | 57 | 1 | |||
| Yugambeh | ||||||
| Yukuna | no | Shauer & Shauer, 1978: p. 28, Shauer and Shauer 2000: p. 518 | ||||
| Yulparija | Yes | 28 | 1 | |||
| Yuwaalaraay | Yes | 96 | 1 |
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