Ditransitive constructions: secondary object
- Category
- Simple Clauses - Valence and voice
- Notes
- In ditransitives, the recipient/beneficiary is treated in the same way as are objects of transitives, while the theme (book) is treated differently
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Languages
| Language | Feature Status | Grammatical Notes | Source | Etymology Notes | General Notes | Phylogenetic Code |
|---|
Language | Feature Status | Grammatical Notes | Source | Etymology Notes | General Notes | Phylogenetic Code |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Achagua | no info | Wilson & Levinsohn 1992 | ||||
| Aché | no info | |||||
| Adnyamathanha | ||||||
| Aghu-Tharnggala | No | 57 | 0 | |||
| Aguaruna | no | Overall 2007:456-7 | ||||
| Alyawarr | no | 73, 80, 125-6 | 0 | |||
| Andoke | no info | |||||
| Apurinã | no | Facundes, 2000: 287 | ||||
| Arabana | no info | x | ||||
| Arrernte | No | 125 | 0 | |||
| Asheninka Apurucayali | no | Payne 1981:3436 | ||||
| Añun | no info | Patte 1989 | ||||
| Bandjalang | No | 60 | 0 | |||
| Baniwa | no | Ramirez 2001 | ||||
| Barasano | no | Jones & Jones 1991, p.109 | ||||
| Bardi | no | 0 | ||||
| Bare | no | Aikhenvald, 1995: 26 | ||||
| Batyala | no info | x | ||||
| Baure | no info | Danielsen 2007:331-6 | ||||
| Bidjara-Gungabula | no info | x | ||||
| Bilinarra | no | 0 | ||||
| Biri | no | 49 | 0 | |||
| Bora | yes | The object/theme recieves an allative case marking. | Seifart - 2005:65 | |||
| Bularnu | no | 94 | 0 | |||
| Bunuba | no info | x | ||||
| Cabecar | no info | |||||
| Cahuilla | ||||||
| Central Aymara | no | Huayhua Pari 2001: 291 to 293 | ||||
| Chemehuevi | ||||||
| Comanche | ||||||
| Cubeo | no | Morse & Maxwell 1999, p. 110 | ||||
| Cupeño | ||||||
| Damana | no info | |||||
| Darkinyung | no | 25 | 0 | |||
| Desano | no | Miller 1999, p. 125 | ||||
| Dharawal | no info | x | ||||
| Dharuk | ||||||
| Diyari | no | 0 | ||||
| Djabugay | ||||||
| Djapu | no | 98 | 0 | |||
| Djinang | No | 55 | 0 | |||
| Duungidjawu | no | 29-30 | 0 | |||
| Dyirbal | yes | 300 | 1 | |||
| Dâw | no | Martins 2005:199 | ||||
| Eñepa | no | recipient is marked dative | Payne 2012 | |||
| Gabrielino | ||||||
| Garrwa | no | 97 | 0 | |||
| Githabul | No | 13 | 0 | |||
| Gooniyandi | yes | 1 | ||||
| Guaymí | no | Quesada 2008:49-96, 155-66 | ||||
| Gugu-Badhun | no info | x | ||||
| Gumbaynggirr | no | 259 | 0 | |||
| Guna | no | Smith texts | ||||
| Gunya | No | 324 | 0 | |||
| Gupapuyngu | ||||||
| Gureng Gureng | no info | x | ||||
| Guugu-Yimidhirr | No | 51 | 0 | |||
| Hunter River and Lake Macquarie | no | 33, 42 | 0 | |||
| Hup | no | Epps 2008 | ||||
| Idaho Shoshone | ||||||
| Ika | yes | But only when the beneficiary/gol NP is human which outranks the object in animacy | Frank 1989:20 | |||
| Ingá | no | Levinson 1974:16 | ||||
| Jaru | no | 144-5 | 0 | |||
| Jingulu | no | 0 | ||||
| Kaingang | no info | Silva 2011 | ||||
| Kakua | no info | Bolaños fieldnotes | ||||
| Kalkatungu | yes | 27, 41 | 1 | |||
| Karajarri | No | 118 | 0 | |||
| Karitiana | no | Everett 2006:304-8 | ||||
| Katthang | no | 38, 75 | 0 | |||
| Kaurna | No | 5 | 0 | |||
| Kawaiisu | ||||||
| Kinikinau | no info | |||||
| Kitanemuk | ||||||
| Kogi | no info | |||||
| Kokama | no | recipient is marked by a dative enclitic | Vallejos 2010:524 | |||
| Kokatha | No | 55 | 0 | |||
| Koreguaje | no | Cook & Criswell 1993, p.69-73 | ||||
| Kotiria | no | Stenzel 2004, p. 226 | ||||
| Kugu-Nganhcara | No | 405 | 0 | |||
| Kuku Yalanji | no | 134 | 0 | |||
| Kunjen | No | 32 | 0 | |||
| Kurrama | no | 190.6.40 | 0 | |||
| Kuuk Thaayorre | No | 177 | 0 | |||
| Luiseño | ||||||
| Macaguan | no info | Buenaventura - 1993 | ||||
| Maipure | no | Zamponi 2003:33-35 | ||||
| Makiritare | no | Escoriaza 1959 | ||||
| Makuna | yes | Smothermon & Smothermon 1993, p.45 | (check this) | |||
| Makushi | no | Carson 1982:166-169 | Can't find any examples of or writing about ditransitive clauses | |||
| Mapudungun | no info | |||||
| Marrgany | No | 315 | 0 | |||
| Martuthunira | no | 230-231 | 0 | |||
| Mathi-Mathi | no | 79 | 0 | |||
| Matses | no | Fleck:866 | ||||
| Mayi-Yapi | No | 44 | 0 | |||
| Minica Witoto | no | Minor and Minor 1982. p.39 | ||||
| Mpakwithi | ||||||
| Muruwari | no | 64 | 0 | |||
| Nadëb/Roçado dialect | no | Weir 1984 | ||||
| Nanti | yes | With ditransitives, only one non-subject argument is marked on the verb--the recipient or beneficiary. If both the recipient and the beneficiary are third-person, then both can be marked on the verb, but the theme/patient gets a different marker and the r | Michael, 2008. p. 367-368 | |||
| Narungga | No info | x | ||||
| Naso | no | Quesada 2000 | ||||
| Ngaatjatjara | No | 42 | 0 | |||
| Ngarinyeri | No | 11 | 0 | |||
| Ngarinyin | ||||||
| Ngayawang | No | 6 | 0 | |||
| Ngiyambaa | no | 131-134 | 0 | |||
| Nhanta | no | 0 | ||||
| Nheengatu | no info | Cruz 2011 | ||||
| Ninam | no info | |||||
| Northern Emberá | no | Mortensen 1999:17 | Catío | |||
| Northern Paiute | ||||||
| Nyangumarta | yes | 1 | ||||
| Nyikina | no | 0 | ||||
| Nyulnyul | yes | 1 | ||||
| Nyungar | no info | x | ||||
| Paakantyi | no | 0 | ||||
| Palikur | no info | Launey 2003 | ||||
| Panyjima | no | 137-138 | 0 | |||
| Paraguayan Guaraní | no info | |||||
| Paresi | no info | Rowan 1978, Rowan and Burgess 1979, Brandão 2010 | ||||
| Pemon | no info | |||||
| Piapoco | no | Galindo, 2002: 209-210 | ||||
| Pintupi | no | 0 | ||||
| Pitjantjatjara | No | Y 15 | 0 | |||
| Pitta-Pitta | No | 193 | 0 | |||
| Puinave | no info | |||||
| Páez | no | Jung:118 | ||||
| Quechua Ayacuchano | no | Parker 1965:26-7 | ||||
| Resígaro | no | Allin, 1976: 294 | ||||
| Ritharrngu | No | 37 | 0 | |||
| Sanumá | no | Borgman 1990: 32 | ||||
| Serrano | ||||||
| Shoshone | ||||||
| Sikuani | no | de Kondo (Vol.1,2) - 1985; Queixalós - 2000:136-137 | ||||
| Siona | no | Wheeler - 1970:49 | ||||
| Southern Paiute | ||||||
| Southern Ute | ||||||
| Surui | no info | |||||
| Tanimuca | no | Strom 1992, p.118 | ||||
| Tariana | no | Aikhenvald, 2003: 236 | ||||
| Thanggati | no | 14, 24 | 0 | |||
| Tharrkari | No | 27 | 0 | |||
| Tikuna | no | Montes 2004b:105 | ||||
| Timbisha | ||||||
| Tukano | no | Ramirez 1997: 108 | ||||
| Uradhi | No | 346 | 0 | |||
| Urarina | no | Olawsky:386 | ||||
| Wajarri | No | 45 | 0 | |||
| Wakaya | no info | x | ||||
| Walmajarri | yes | 1 | ||||
| Wambaya | yes | 1 | ||||
| Wangkumara | yes | 42 | 1 | |||
| Waorani | no info | |||||
| Wapishana | no | Santos 2006 | ||||
| Warlpiri | no | s339 | 0 | |||
| Warluwarra | yes | 867 | 1 | |||
| Warnman | No | 18 | 0 | |||
| Warrgamay | Yes | 76 | 1 | |||
| Warrwa | yes | 1 | ||||
| Warumungu | No | 20 | 0 | |||
| Warungu | yes | 328-9 | 1 | |||
| Wathawurrung | no | 72 | 0 | |||
| Waunana | no | Mejía 2000:89 | ||||
| Wayuu | no | Mansen & Captain, 2000: p. 800 | ||||
| Wemba-Wemba | no info | x | ||||
| Western Mono | ||||||
| WesternTorres | no? | FO 133 7.5.3.3, second example (also cf 134 7.5.3.3, last example and 7.5.1?) | 0 | |||
| Wiradjuri | no info | x | ||||
| Wirangu | No | 50 | 0 | |||
| Woiwurrung | no | 76 | 0 | |||
| Worrorra | yes | 97 | 1 | |||
| Yagua | no | Payne and Payne 1990 | ||||
| Yalarnnga | no | 19: cf ex3-7 | 0 | |||
| Yan-nhangu | ||||||
| Yandruwandha | yes | 195-6 | 1 | |||
| Yanesha' | no info | Duff-Tripp | ||||
| Yanomami | no | Ramirez 1994 | evidenced by examples | |||
| Yanyuwa | no | 17 | 0 | |||
| Yavitero | no | Mosonyi, 1987: p. 53 | ||||
| Yawuru | ||||||
| Yidiny | not done yet | X | ||||
| Yindjibarndi | no info | x | ||||
| Yindjilindji | yes | 505 | 1 | |||
| Yine | no | Matteson 1965 | ||||
| Yingkarta | no info | x | ||||
| Yir Yoront | ||||||
| Yorta Yorta | no | 79 | 0 | |||
| Yugambeh | ||||||
| Yukuna | no | Shauer & Shauer, 2000: p. 524 | ||||
| Yulparija | No | 21 | 0 | |||
| Yuwaalaraay | No | 59 | 0 |
| Language |
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