Antipassive
- Category
- Simple Clauses - Valence and voice - Decreasing
- Notes
- Like passive, but deletes or demotes the object of a transitive verb; usually found in ergative languages
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Languages
| Language | Feature Status | Grammatical Notes | Source | Etymology Notes | General Notes | Phylogenetic Code |
|---|
Language | Feature Status | Grammatical Notes | Source | Etymology Notes | General Notes | Phylogenetic Code |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Achagua | n/a | Wilson & Levinsohn 1992 | ||||
| Aché | no info | |||||
| Adnyamathanha | ||||||
| Aghu-Tharnggala | No | 90 | 0 | |||
| Aguaruna | no info | Overall 2007:305 | More likely no | |||
| Alyawarr | no info | X | ||||
| Andoke | no info | |||||
| Apurinã | no | Not discussed in Facundes (2000). | ||||
| Arabana | no | 0 | ||||
| Arrernte | No | 332 | 0 | |||
| Asheninka Apurucayali | no | Payne 1981; Payne 1982; Payne 1983 | ||||
| Añun | no info | no info on valence | Patte 1989 | |||
| Bandjalang | yes | 92 | 1 | |||
| Baniwa | no | Ramirez 2001 | ||||
| Barasano | no | Jones & Jones 1991, p.65-72 | ||||
| Bardi | no | 0 | ||||
| Bare | no | reflexive/reciprocal are the only intransitivizing morphology listed | Aikhenvald, 1995: 38 | |||
| Batyala | no info | x | ||||
| Baure | no info | Danielsen 2007 | ||||
| Bidjara-Gungabula | no info | x | ||||
| Bilinarra | no info | x | ||||
| Biri | no info | x | ||||
| Bora | no | Seifart - 2005:58-73 | ||||
| Bularnu | no info | x | ||||
| Bunuba | no info | x | ||||
| Cabecar | no info | |||||
| Cahuilla | yes | |||||
| Central Aymara | no | Huayhua Pari 2001: 295 | ||||
| Chemehuevi | no | |||||
| Comanche | yes | |||||
| Cubeo | no | agent is never made explicit in inamite passives | Morse & Maxwell 1999, p. 56 | |||
| Cupeño | no | |||||
| Damana | no info | |||||
| Darkinyung | no info | x | ||||
| Desano | no | Miller 1999, p.121 | ||||
| Dharawal | no info | x | ||||
| Dharuk | ||||||
| Diyari | yes | 75-76 | 1 | |||
| Djabugay | ||||||
| Djapu | no | xxii | 0 | |||
| Djinang | No | 125 | 0 | |||
| Duungidjawu | no | 85-88 | 0 | |||
| Dyirbal | yes | 65-6 | 1 | |||
| Dâw | no | Martins 2004 | ||||
| Eñepa | no | Payne 2012 | ||||
| Gabrielino | ||||||
| Garrwa | no info | X | ||||
| Githabul | No | 23 | 0 | |||
| Gooniyandi | no info | x | ||||
| Guaymí | no info | more likely not | ||||
| Gugu-Badhun | no | 145 | 0 | |||
| Gumbaynggirr | yes | 371 | 1 | |||
| Guna | no | Smith texts | ||||
| Gunya | No | 339 | 0 | |||
| Gupapuyngu | ||||||
| Gureng Gureng | no info | x | ||||
| Guugu-Yimidhirr | Maybe | 128 | 1 | |||
| Hunter River and Lake Macquarie | no | 81-82 | 0 | |||
| Hup | no | Epps 2008 | ||||
| Idaho Shoshone | ||||||
| Ika | no | |||||
| Ingá | no info | |||||
| Jaru | no info | x | ||||
| Jingulu | yes | 1 | ||||
| Kaingang | no info | Silva 2011/Goncalves 2011 | ||||
| Kakua | no info | Bolaños fieldnotes | ||||
| Kalkatungu | yes | 3, 27-8 | 1 | |||
| Karajarri | No | 8 | 0 | |||
| Karitiana | no | There is no an antipassive morpheme. However, the author argues that there is antipassivization in the language since an object can be demoted. | Everett 2006:438 | |||
| Katthang | no | 83-90 | 0 | |||
| Kaurna | No info | x | ||||
| Kawaiisu | no | |||||
| Kinikinau | no info | |||||
| Kitanemuk | no | |||||
| Kogi | no info | |||||
| Kokama | no | Vallejos 2010:372 | ||||
| Kokatha | no info | x | ||||
| Koreguaje | no | Cook & Criswell 1993, p.71-72 | ||||
| Kotiria | no info | Stenzel 2004 | ||||
| Kugu-Nganhcara | No | 405 | 0 | |||
| Kuku Yalanji | yes | 151 | 1 | |||
| Kunjen | No info | x | ||||
| Kurrama | no | 0 | ||||
| Kuuk Thaayorre | No | 513 | 0 | |||
| Luiseño | no | |||||
| Macaguan | no info | Buenaventura - 1993 | ||||
| Maipure | no info | Zamponi 2003:37-47 | ||||
| Makiritare | no | Escoriaza 1959:15 | ||||
| Makuna | no | Smothermon & Smothermon 1993, p.43-46 | ||||
| Makushi | no info | Carson 1982; Abbott 1991 | ||||
| Mapudungun | no | Zúñiga 2006, p. 102-94 | ||||
| Marrgany | Maybe | 321 | 1 | |||
| Martuthunira | no | 0 | ||||
| Mathi-Mathi | no | 99-101 | 0 | |||
| Matses | yes | Flack:930 | ||||
| Mayi-Yapi | No info | x | ||||
| Minica Witoto | no | Minor and Minor 1982. p.29 | no info/not expected | |||
| Mpakwithi | ||||||
| Muruwari | no info | 57 | 0 | |||
| Nadëb/Roçado dialect | no info | Weir 1984 | ||||
| Nanti | no | Michael, 2008. p. 276-279 | ||||
| Narungga | No info | x | ||||
| Naso | no | Quesada 2000 | ||||
| Ngaatjatjara | No | 71 | 0 | |||
| Ngarinyeri | No info | x | ||||
| Ngarinyin | ||||||
| Ngayawang | No info | x | ||||
| Ngiyambaa | no info | x | ||||
| Nhanta | no info | x | ||||
| Nheengatu | no | Cruz 2011 | ||||
| Ninam | no info | |||||
| Northern Emberá | no info | |||||
| Northern Paiute | yes | |||||
| Nyangumarta | no | 0 | ||||
| Nyikina | no | 0 | ||||
| Nyulnyul | no info | x | ||||
| Nyungar | no info | x | ||||
| Paakantyi | no info | X | ||||
| Palikur | no | Launey 2003 | ||||
| Panyjima | no | 0 | ||||
| Paraguayan Guaraní | no info | |||||
| Paresi | no | Brandão 2010, Rowan and Burgues 1979 | ||||
| Pemon | no info | |||||
| Piapoco | no | Galindo, 2002: 252-262 | ||||
| Pintupi | no info | x | ||||
| Pitjantjatjara | No | G 232 | 0 | |||
| Pitta-Pitta | yes | 207 | 1 | |||
| Puinave | no info | |||||
| Páez | no info | |||||
| Quechua Ayacuchano | no info | |||||
| Resígaro | no | An antipassive derivation is not discussed in the formulation of the verb at any level. | Allin, 1976: 105, 124, 204, 212 | |||
| Ritharrngu | no info | 61 | x | |||
| Sanumá | no | Borgman 1990: 46-47 | ||||
| Serrano | no | |||||
| Shoshone | no | |||||
| Sikuani | no | de Kondo (Vol.1,2) - 1985; Queixalós - 2000 | ||||
| Siona | no | Wheeler - 1970; Wheeler - 1987 | ||||
| Southern Paiute | no | |||||
| Southern Ute | no | |||||
| Surui | no info | |||||
| Tanimuca | no | Strom 1992, p.28 | ||||
| Tariana | no | Aikhenvald, 2003: 258 | ||||
| Thanggati | no | 52-60 | 0 | |||
| Tharrkari | No | 31 | 0 | |||
| Tikuna | no info | |||||
| Timbisha | yes | |||||
| Tukano | no | Ramirez 1997 | no evidence for this | |||
| Uradhi | No | 363 | 0 | |||
| Urarina | no info | |||||
| Wajarri | No | 108 | 0 | |||
| Wakaya | no info | x | ||||
| Walmajarri | no info | x | ||||
| Wambaya | no | 0 | ||||
| Wangkumara | yes? | 50-1 | 1 | |||
| Waorani | no info | |||||
| Wapishana | no | Santos 2006 | ||||
| Warlpiri | no | 0 | ||||
| Warluwarra | no info | x | ||||
| Warnman | no info | x | ||||
| Warrgamay | No | 87 | 0 | |||
| Warrwa | no info | x | ||||
| Warumungu | No info | x | ||||
| Warungu | yes | 427 | 1 | |||
| Wathawurrung | no info | x | ||||
| Waunana | no info | |||||
| Wayuu | no | Mansen & Captain, 2000: p. 801 | ||||
| Wemba-Wemba | no | H 47-50 | 0 | |||
| Western Mono | no | |||||
| WesternTorres | yes | FO 125 | 1 | |||
| Wiradjuri | no info | x | ||||
| Wirangu | No info | x | ||||
| Woiwurrung | no info | x | ||||
| Worrorra | no | ms16.2.2 | 0 | |||
| Yagua | no | Payne and Payne 1990 | ||||
| Yalarnnga | yes | 49 | 1 | |||
| Yan-nhangu | ||||||
| Yandruwandha | no info | x | ||||
| Yanesha' | no | Duff-Tripp 1997:69-124 | ||||
| Yanomami | no | Ramirez 1994 | no evidence of this | |||
| Yanyuwa | no info | x | ||||
| Yavitero | no | Mosonyi, 1987: p. 66-69 | ||||
| Yawuru | ||||||
| Yidiny | yes | 1 | ||||
| Yindjibarndi | no | 0 | ||||
| Yindjilindji | no info | x | ||||
| Yine | no | Matteson 1965 | ||||
| Yingkarta | no info | x | ||||
| Yir Yoront | ||||||
| Yorta Yorta | no info | x | ||||
| Yugambeh | ||||||
| Yukuna | no | No antipassive noted in the verbal template. | Shauer & Shauer, 2000: p. 521 | |||
| Yulparija | no info | x | ||||
| Yuwaalaraay | No | 82 | 0 |
| Language |
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