Language | Feature Status | Grammatical Notes | Source | Etymology Notes | General Notes | Phylogenetic Code |
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Language | Feature Status | Grammatical Notes | Source | Etymology Notes | General Notes | Phylogenetic Code |
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Achagua | no info | Wilson & Levinsohn 1992 | ||||
Aché | no info | |||||
Adnyamathanha | ||||||
Aghu-Tharnggala | No | 90 | 0 | |||
Aguaruna | yes | Detransitivizer in which the O argument becomes S of the ntransitive | ||||
Alyawarr | no | 0 | ||||
Andoke | no info | |||||
Apurinã | yes | Gives the meaning "to do X" | Facundes, 2000: 310-311 | |||
Arabana | no | 0 | ||||
Arrernte | No | 332 | 0 | |||
Asheninka Apurucayali | no | Payne 1981; Payne 1982; Payne 1983 | ||||
Añun | no info | no info on valence | Patte 1989 | |||
Bandjalang | No | 92 | 0 | |||
Baniwa | yes | generic intrans suffix -kawa/-wa | Ramirez 2001 | |||
Barasano | yes | The suffix -ya/-sa 'stative', may also indicate intransitivity. | Jones & Jones 1991, p.45 | |||
Bardi | yes | 1 | ||||
Bare | no | reflexive/reciprocal are the only intransitivizing morphology listed | Aikhenvald, 1995: 38 | |||
Batyala | no info | x | ||||
Baure | no info | Danielsen 2007 | ||||
Bidjara-Gungabula | yes | 145-7 | 1 | |||
Bilinarra | no info | x | ||||
Biri | no info | x | ||||
Bora | no | Seifart - 2005:58-73 | ||||
Bularnu | no info | x | ||||
Bunuba | no info | x | ||||
Cabecar | no info | |||||
Cahuilla | ||||||
Central Aymara | no info | |||||
Chemehuevi | ||||||
Comanche | ||||||
Cubeo | no | Morse & Maxwell 1999, p.55-60 | ||||
Cupeño | ||||||
Damana | no | |||||
Darkinyung | no info | x | ||||
Desano | no | Miller 1999, p.121 | ||||
Dharawal | no info | x | ||||
Dharuk | ||||||
Diyari | no | 76; 154 | 0 | |||
Djabugay | ||||||
Djapu | no info | x | ||||
Djinang | No | 125 | 0 | |||
Duungidjawu | no | 87 | 0 | |||
Dyirbal | yes | 246 | 1 | |||
Dâw | yes | Martins 2005:517 | ||||
Eñepa | no info | |||||
Gabrielino | ||||||
Garrwa | no info | X | ||||
Githabul | No | 23 | 0 | |||
Gooniyandi | no info | x | ||||
Guaymí | yes | The verbal prefix /xƆn-/ attached to a verb of movement derives a transitive verb. | Quesada 2008:108 | |||
Gugu-Badhun | no | 143 | 0 | |||
Gumbaynggirr | yes | 311 | 1 | |||
Guna | no | Smith texts | ||||
Gunya | No | 339 | 0 | |||
Gupapuyngu | ||||||
Gureng Gureng | no info | x | ||||
Guugu-Yimidhirr | No | 128 | 0 | |||
Hunter River and Lake Macquarie | maybe | 83 | 1 | |||
Hup | no | Epps 2008 | ||||
Idaho Shoshone | ||||||
Ika | no info | |||||
Ingá | no info | |||||
Jaru | no info | x | ||||
Jingulu | no | 0 | ||||
Kaingang | no info | Silva 2011/Goncalves 2011 | ||||
Kakua | no info | Bolaños fieldnotes | ||||
Kalkatungu | no? | 0 | ||||
Karajarri | No | 8 | 0 | |||
Karitiana | yes | middle voice whch is marked by a construction in which the transitive verb takes the intransitive prefix /ɨ-/ | Everett 2006:445-51 | |||
Katthang | no | 83-90 | 0 | |||
Kaurna | No info | x | ||||
Kawaiisu | ||||||
Kinikinau | no info | |||||
Kitanemuk | ||||||
Kogi | no info | |||||
Kokama | no | Vallejos 2010 | ||||
Kokatha | no info | x | ||||
Koreguaje | no | Cook & Criswell 1993, p.69 | ||||
Kotiria | no | Stenzel 2004 | ||||
Kugu-Nganhcara | No | 405 | 0 | |||
Kuku Yalanji | yes | 140, 145 | 1 | |||
Kunjen | No info | x | ||||
Kurrama | no info | x | ||||
Kuuk Thaayorre | No | 402 | 0 | |||
Luiseño | ||||||
Macaguan | no info | Buenaventura - 1993 | ||||
Maipure | no info | Zamponi 2003:37-47 | ||||
Makiritare | no | Escoriaza 1959:15-18 | ||||
Makuna | no info | Smothermon & Smothermon 1993, p.43-44 | no info/not expected | |||
Makushi | yes | Reflexives, reciprocals, and unspecified arguments are all expressed by means of the detransitivizer verb prefix at-/es-/e'- | Abbott 1991: 37 | |||
Mapudungun | no | Salas 1992, p.185-95 | ||||
Marrgany | No | 339 | 0 | |||
Martuthunira | no | 152-154 | 0 | |||
Mathi-Mathi | no | 99-101 | 0 | |||
Matses | no | Fleck:908-41 | ||||
Mayi-Yapi | No info | x | ||||
Minica Witoto | no info | Minor and Minor 1982. p.83-87 | ||||
Mpakwithi | ||||||
Muruwari | no | 0 | ||||
Nadëb/Roçado dialect | no info | Weir 1984 | ||||
Nanti | yes | There is a “characteristic” suffix that reduces the valency of transitives, but not intransitives. It carries the meaning that the action is habitual or characteristic of the subject. | Michael, 2008. p. 277-278 | |||
Narungga | No info | x | ||||
Naso | no | Quesada 2000 | ||||
Ngaatjatjara | No | 71 | 0 | |||
Ngarinyeri | No info | x | ||||
Ngarinyin | ||||||
Ngayawang | No info | x | ||||
Ngiyambaa | yes | 151 | 1 | |||
Nhanta | no info | x | ||||
Nheengatu | no info | Cruz 2011 | ||||
Ninam | no info | |||||
Northern Emberá | no info | |||||
Northern Paiute | ||||||
Nyangumarta | no | 0 | ||||
Nyikina | no | 0 | ||||
Nyulnyul | no info | x | ||||
Nyungar | no info | x | ||||
Paakantyi | yes | 191 | 1 | |||
Palikur | no | Launey 2003 | ||||
Panyjima | no | 191 | 0 | |||
Paraguayan Guaraní | no info | |||||
Paresi | yes | Brandão 2010:29 | ||||
Pemon | no info | |||||
Piapoco | no | Galindo, 2002: 252-262 | ||||
Pintupi | no info | x | ||||
Pitjantjatjara | Yes | G 232 | 1 | |||
Pitta-Pitta | No | 204 | 0 | |||
Puinave | no info | |||||
Páez | no info | |||||
Quechua Ayacuchano | no info | |||||
Resígaro | no | No intransitivizing derivation is discussed as part of the verb stem. | Allin, 1976: 105 | |||
Ritharrngu | no info | 61 | x | |||
Sanumá | no info | |||||
Serrano | ||||||
Shoshone | ||||||
Sikuani | no | de Kondo (Vol.1,2) - 1985; Queixalós - 2000 | ||||
Siona | no info | Wheeler - 1970; Wheeler - 1987 | ||||
Southern Paiute | ||||||
Southern Ute | ||||||
Surui | no info | |||||
Tanimuca | no | Some intransitive verbs are the product of object incorporation which reduces the valence of transitive verbs. | Strom 1992, p.31 | |||
Tariana | no | Aikhenvald, 2003: 258 | ||||
Thanggati | yes | 52-60 | 1 | |||
Tharrkari | No | 31 | 0 | |||
Tikuna | no info | |||||
Timbisha | ||||||
Tukano | yes | middle voice verbal suffix -ti | Ramirez 1997: 350 | |||
Uradhi | No | 363 | 0 | |||
Urarina | yes | There is an intransitivizer morpheme | Olawsky:601 | |||
Wajarri | No | 108 | 0 | |||
Wakaya | no info | x | ||||
Walmajarri | no info | x | ||||
Wambaya | no | 0 | ||||
Wangkumara | no info | X | ||||
Waorani | no info | |||||
Wapishana | no | Santos 2006 | ||||
Warlpiri | no info | 0 | ||||
Warluwarra | no info | x | ||||
Warnman | no info | x | ||||
Warrgamay | No | 87 | 0 | |||
Warrwa | no info | x | ||||
Warumungu | No info | x | ||||
Warungu | no | 548-560 | 0 | |||
Wathawurrung | no info | x | ||||
Waunana | no info | |||||
Wayuu | no | Mansen & Captain, 2000: p. 801 | ||||
Wemba-Wemba | no | H 47-50 | 0 | |||
Western Mono | ||||||
WesternTorres | no info | x | ||||
Wiradjuri | no info | x | ||||
Wirangu | No info | x | ||||
Woiwurrung | no info | x | ||||
Worrorra | no | ms16 | 0 | |||
Yagua | no info | Payne and Payne 1990 | ||||
Yalarnnga | no | 0 | ||||
Yan-nhangu | ||||||
Yandruwandha | no info | x | ||||
Yanesha' | yes | object incorporation | Duff-Tripp 1997:171 | |||
Yanomami | yes | Ramirez 1994: 247-249 | ||||
Yanyuwa | no info | x | ||||
Yavitero | no | Mosonyi, 1987: p. 66-69 | ||||
Yawuru | ||||||
Yidiny | not done yet | X | ||||
Yindjibarndi | no info | x | ||||
Yindjilindji | no info | x | ||||
Yine | no | Matteson 1965 | ||||
Yingkarta | no info | x | ||||
Yir Yoront | ||||||
Yorta Yorta | no info | x | ||||
Yugambeh | ||||||
Yukuna | no | Shauer & Shauer, 2000: p. 521 | ||||
Yulparija | no info | x | ||||
Yuwaalaraay | No | 82 | 0 |
Language |
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