Applicative: other
- Category
- Simple Clauses - Valence and voice - Increasing
- Notes
- Applicative adds some other object argument to the verb
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Languages
| Language | Feature Status | Grammatical Notes | Source | Etymology Notes | General Notes | Phylogenetic Code |
|---|
Language | Feature Status | Grammatical Notes | Source | Etymology Notes | General Notes | Phylogenetic Code |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Achagua | n/a | Wilson & Levinsohn 1992 | ||||
| Aché | no info | |||||
| Adnyamathanha | ||||||
| Aghu-Tharnggala | No | 83 | 0 | |||
| Aguaruna | yes | This same suffix can add a "malefactive" or a "goal" | Overall 2007:306 | The applicative can introduce also a malefactive or goal argument | ||
| Alyawarr | no info | X | ||||
| Andoke | no info | |||||
| Apurinã | no | The only valence-increasing morpheme is a causative. | Facundes, 2000: 505-509 | |||
| Arabana | no | 0 | ||||
| Arrernte | No | 193 | 0 | |||
| Asheninka Apurucayali | yes | Can also add a simple patient. | Payne 1982:56 | |||
| Añun | no info | no info on valence | Patte 1989 | |||
| Bandjalang | No | 86 | 0 | |||
| Baniwa | no | Ramirez 2001 | ||||
| Barasano | no | Jones & Jones 1991, p.68 | ||||
| Bardi | yes | 1 | ||||
| Bare | n/a | Aikhenvald, 1995: 35 | ||||
| Batyala | no info | x | ||||
| Baure | yes | It is a benefactive applicative | Danielsen 2007:252 | |||
| Bidjara-Gungabula | no info | x | ||||
| Bilinarra | no info | x | ||||
| Biri | n/a | 0 | ||||
| Bora | no info | Seifart - 2005 | ||||
| Bularnu | no | 0 | ||||
| Bunuba | no info | x | ||||
| Cabecar | no info | |||||
| Cahuilla | yes | |||||
| Central Aymara | no | Huayhua Pari 2001: 165 to 168 | ||||
| Chemehuevi | yes | |||||
| Comanche | yes | |||||
| Cubeo | yes | authortative | Morse & Maxwell 1999, p. 59 | |||
| Cupeño | no | |||||
| Damana | no | |||||
| Darkinyung | no info | x | ||||
| Desano | yes | possesor ascension and accusative of interest | Miller 1999, p. 117 | |||
| Dharawal | no info | x | ||||
| Dharuk | ||||||
| Diyari | no info | x | ||||
| Djabugay | ||||||
| Djapu | no | 0 | ||||
| Djinang | No | 124 | 0 | |||
| Duungidjawu | no | 86-7 | 0 | |||
| Dyirbal | No | 246 | 0 | |||
| Dâw | no | Martins 2004 | ||||
| Eñepa | no | |||||
| Gabrielino | ||||||
| Garrwa | no info | X | ||||
| Githabul | No | 23 | 0 | |||
| Gooniyandi | no info | x | ||||
| Guaymí | no info | |||||
| Gugu-Badhun | yes | 142 | 1 | |||
| Gumbaynggirr | no | 305-307 | 0 | |||
| Guna | no | Smith texts | ||||
| Gunya | No | 339 | 0 | |||
| Gupapuyngu | ||||||
| Gureng Gureng | no info | x | ||||
| Guugu-Yimidhirr | No | 118 | 0 | |||
| Hunter River and Lake Macquarie | maybe | 87 | 1 | |||
| Hup | no | Epps 2008 | ||||
| Idaho Shoshone | ||||||
| Ika | yes | This suffix allows the verb to take an extra argument which in many case is implicit but cannot appear cross-referenced on the verb. In other cases it adds the possessor of a possessive clause as a verbal argument | Frank 1985:93-96 | |||
| Ingá | no info | |||||
| Jaru | no info | x | ||||
| Jingulu | no | 0 | ||||
| Kaingang | no info | Silva 2011/Goncalves 2011 | ||||
| Kakua | no info | Bolaños fieldnotes | ||||
| Kalkatungu | no | 0 | ||||
| Karajarri | No | 195 | 0 | |||
| Karitiana | no info | |||||
| Katthang | no | 83-90 | 0 | |||
| Kaurna | No info | x | ||||
| Kawaiisu | yes | |||||
| Kinikinau | no info | |||||
| Kitanemuk | ||||||
| Kogi | no info | |||||
| Kokama | no | Vallejos 2010:380 | ||||
| Kokatha | no info | x | ||||
| Koreguaje | no | Cook & Criswell 1993, p.69-73 | ||||
| Kotiria | no | Stenzel 2004 | ||||
| Kugu-Nganhcara | No | 405 | 0 | |||
| Kuku Yalanji | no | 0 | ||||
| Kunjen | No info | x | ||||
| Kurrama | no | 0 | ||||
| Kuuk Thaayorre | Yes | 402-5 | 1 | |||
| Luiseño | yes | |||||
| Macaguan | no info | Buenaventura - 1993 | ||||
| Maipure | no info | Zamponi 2003 | ||||
| Makiritare | no info | Escoriaza 1959 | ||||
| Makuna | no | Smothermon & Smothermon 1993, p.64 | no info/not expected | |||
| Makushi | no | Carson 1982:81 | ||||
| Mapudungun | yes | The new added argument is the person negatively affected by the action (malefactive) | Zúñiga 2006, p. 123-7 | |||
| Marrgany | No | 339 | 0 | |||
| Martuthunira | n/a | 0 | ||||
| Mathi-Mathi | no | 99-101 | 0 | |||
| Matses | no | Fleck:900-3 | ||||
| Mayi-Yapi | No info | x | ||||
| Minica Witoto | no info | Minor and Minor 1982. p.22-27, 49-53 | ||||
| Mpakwithi | ||||||
| Muruwari | no | 0 | ||||
| Nadëb/Roçado dialect | no info | Weir 1984 | ||||
| Nanti | yes | There are four other applicative constructions in Nanti: | Michael, 2008. p. 285-289 | |||
| Narungga | No info | 79 | x | |||
| Naso | no | Quesada 2000 | ||||
| Ngaatjatjara | No | 71 | 0 | |||
| Ngarinyeri | No info | x | ||||
| Ngarinyin | ||||||
| Ngayawang | No info | x | ||||
| Ngiyambaa | n/a | 0 | ||||
| Nhanta | no info | x | ||||
| Nheengatu | no | Cruz 2011 | ||||
| Ninam | no info | |||||
| Northern Emberá | no info | |||||
| Northern Paiute | yes | |||||
| Nyangumarta | no | 0 | ||||
| Nyikina | yes | 1 | ||||
| Nyulnyul | no info | x | ||||
| Nyungar | no info | x | ||||
| Paakantyi | no info | X | ||||
| Palikur | no | Launey 2003 | ||||
| Panyjima | n/a | 0 | ||||
| Paraguayan Guaraní | no info | |||||
| Paresi | no info | Rowan 1978, Rowan and Burgess 1979, Brandão 2010 | ||||
| Pemon | no info | |||||
| Piapoco | no | Galindo, 2002: 252-262 | ||||
| Pintupi | no info | x | ||||
| Pitjantjatjara | No | G 230 | 0 | |||
| Pitta-Pitta | No | 205 | 0 | |||
| Puinave | no info | |||||
| Páez | yes | There are two other applicatives: one which adds a malefactive and other which adds an instrument | Jung:108 | |||
| Quechua Ayacuchano | no info | |||||
| Resígaro | no | No applicative is discussed as part of the verb stem. | Allin, 1976: 105 | |||
| Ritharrngu | No | 61 | 0 | |||
| Sanumá | no info | |||||
| Serrano | no | |||||
| Shoshone | yes | |||||
| Sikuani | no | de Kondo (Vol.1,2) - 1985; Queixalós - 2000:122 | ||||
| Siona | yes | Can also add simple recipient, place of reference, or object/person of reference. | Wheeler - 1987:127-130 | |||
| Southern Paiute | yes | |||||
| Southern Ute | yes | |||||
| Surui | no info | |||||
| Tanimuca | no | Strom 1992, p.65 | ||||
| Tariana | no | Aikhenvald, 2003: 258 | ||||
| Thanggati | no | 52-60 | 0 | |||
| Tharrkari | No | 31 | 0 | |||
| Tikuna | no info | |||||
| Timbisha | no | |||||
| Tukano | yes | suffix/ bound verb -duti "to send/order" someone to do something | Ramirez 1997: 184-5 | |||
| Uradhi | No | 376 | 0 | |||
| Urarina | no info | |||||
| Wajarri | No | 108 | 0 | |||
| Wakaya | no | 0 | ||||
| Walmajarri | no info | x | ||||
| Wambaya | yes | 1 | ||||
| Wangkumara | no info | X | ||||
| Waorani | no info | |||||
| Wapishana | yes | Santos 2006 | ||||
| Warlpiri | no info | 0 | ||||
| Warluwarra | no info | x | ||||
| Warnman | no info | x | ||||
| Warrgamay | Yes | 79 | 1 | |||
| Warrwa | yes | 1 | ||||
| Warumungu | No info | x | ||||
| Warungu | yes | 576 | 1 | |||
| Wathawurrung | no info | x | ||||
| Waunana | no info | |||||
| Wayuu | yes | Not mentioned in Mansen & Captain (2000), but Mansen & Mansen (1984) mention a suffix that derives 'flee' from 'to go,' and 'drink x' from 'drink.' There are some verbs that seem to have this morpheme, but no corresponding simple verb, so it may be some s | Mansen & Mansen (1984), p. 17; Mansen & Captain, 2000: p. 801 | |||
| Wemba-Wemba | no | H 47-50 | 0 | |||
| Western Mono | yes | |||||
| WesternTorres | no | 0 | ||||
| Wiradjuri | no info | x | ||||
| Wirangu | No | 103-4 | 0 | |||
| Woiwurrung | no info | x | ||||
| Worrorra | no info | X | ||||
| Yagua | no | Payne and Payne 1990 | ||||
| Yalarnnga | yes | 47-9 | 1 | |||
| Yan-nhangu | ||||||
| Yandruwandha | yes | 178-9 | 1 | |||
| Yanesha' | yes | Notice that the consonants have a tilde on them | Duff-Tripp 1997:97 | |||
| Yanomami | no | Ramirez 1994 | ||||
| Yanyuwa | no info | x | ||||
| Yavitero | no | Mosonyi, 1987: p. 66-69 | ||||
| Yawuru | ||||||
| Yidiny | no | 0 | ||||
| Yindjibarndi | yes | 89 | 1 | |||
| Yindjilindji | no info | x | ||||
| Yine | no | Matteson 1965 | ||||
| Yingkarta | no info | x | ||||
| Yir Yoront | ||||||
| Yorta Yorta | no info | x | ||||
| Yugambeh | ||||||
| Yukuna | no | Shauer & Shauer, 2000: p. 521 | ||||
| Yulparija | no info | x | ||||
| Yuwaalaraay | No | 85 | 0 |
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