Distinct negative form for 'NP does not exist'
- Category
- Simple Clauses - Negation
- Notes
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Languages
| Language | Feature Status | Grammatical Notes | Source | Etymology Notes | General Notes | Phylogenetic Code |
|---|
Language | Feature Status | Grammatical Notes | Source | Etymology Notes | General Notes | Phylogenetic Code |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Achagua | yes | Wilson & Levinsohn 1992: 140 | ||||
| Aché | no info | |||||
| Adnyamathanha | ||||||
| Aghu-Tharnggala | No info | 83 | x | |||
| Aguaruna | no info | There is a verb which means "it does not exist" | ||||
| Alyawarr | no info | X | ||||
| Andoke | no info | |||||
| Apurinã | no | Facundes, 2000: 530-533 | ||||
| Arabana | no | 0 | ||||
| Arrernte | No | 84 | 0 | |||
| Asheninka Apurucayali | no info | Payne 1981; Payne 1982; Payne 1983 | ||||
| Añun | no info | Patte 1989 | ||||
| Bandjalang | No info | x | ||||
| Baniwa | yes | ɲáme néenika | Ramirez 2001 | |||
| Barasano | no | Jones & Jones 1991, p.127 | ||||
| Bardi | yes | 1 | ||||
| Bare | yes | Aikhenvald, 1995: 44 | ||||
| Batyala | no info | x | ||||
| Baure | no info | Danielsen 2007 | ||||
| Bidjara-Gungabula | no info | x | ||||
| Bilinarra | no info | x | ||||
| Biri | no info | x | ||||
| Bora | no info | Seifart - 2005 | ||||
| Bularnu | no info | x | ||||
| Bunuba | no info | x | ||||
| Cabecar | no info | |||||
| Cahuilla | ||||||
| Central Aymara | no info | |||||
| Chemehuevi | ||||||
| Comanche | ||||||
| Cubeo | no | Morse & Maxwell 1999, p. 90-96 | ||||
| Cupeño | ||||||
| Damana | no | It seems that the same negative suffix may negate a NP | Williams 1993:90-93 | |||
| Darkinyung | no | 45-7 | 0 | |||
| Desano | yes | Miller 1999, p. 7 | ||||
| Dharawal | no info | x | ||||
| Dharuk | ||||||
| Diyari | no | 0 | ||||
| Djabugay | ||||||
| Djapu | no info | x | ||||
| Djinang | No | 146 | 0 | |||
| Duungidjawu | no | 93 | 0 | |||
| Dyirbal | No info | x | ||||
| Dâw | yes | Martins 2004 | ||||
| Eñepa | yes | Thomas Payne 1989:36 | ||||
| Gabrielino | ||||||
| Garrwa | no info | X | ||||
| Githabul | No | 30 | 0 | |||
| Gooniyandi | no info | x | ||||
| Guaymí | no info | |||||
| Gugu-Badhun | no info | x | ||||
| Gumbaynggirr | no | 334-5 | 0 | |||
| Guna | no | Smith texts | ||||
| Gunya | No | 343 | 0 | |||
| Gupapuyngu | ||||||
| Gureng Gureng | no info | x | ||||
| Guugu-Yimidhirr | yes | 151 | 1 | |||
| Hunter River and Lake Macquarie | no | 56 | 0 | |||
| Hup | yes | Epps 2008 | ||||
| Idaho Shoshone | ||||||
| Ika | no info | |||||
| Ingá | no info | |||||
| Jaru | no info | x | ||||
| Jingulu | no info | x | ||||
| Kaingang | no info | Silva 2011 | ||||
| Kakua | yes | Bolaños fieldnotes | ||||
| Kalkatungu | no info | x | ||||
| Karajarri | No | 348 | 0 | |||
| Karitiana | no info | |||||
| Katthang | no | 287 | 0 | |||
| Kaurna | No info | x | ||||
| Kawaiisu | ||||||
| Kinikinau | no info | |||||
| Kitanemuk | ||||||
| Kogi | no info | |||||
| Kokama | no | tɨma emete 'NEG exist' | Vallejos 2010:446 | |||
| Kokatha | No | 36 | 0 | |||
| Koreguaje | no | Cook & Criswell 1993, p.61-62 | Koreguaje has some verbs that are inherently negative. | |||
| Kotiria | yes | Stenzel 2004, p. 265 | ||||
| Kugu-Nganhcara | No | 419 | 0 | |||
| Kuku Yalanji | no | 0 | ||||
| Kunjen | Maybe | 70 | 1 | |||
| Kurrama | no info | x | ||||
| Kuuk Thaayorre | No | 124 | 0 | |||
| Luiseño | ||||||
| Macaguan | no info | Buenaventura - 1993 | ||||
| Maipure | no info | Zamponi 2003 | ||||
| Makiritare | yes | *Word for zero is a sentence level negation marker | Hall 1988: 303 | |||
| Makuna | no | Smothermon & Smothermon 1993, p.60 | scarce info. | |||
| Makushi | no info | Carson 1982; Abbott 1991 | ||||
| Mapudungun | no info | Zúñiga 2006, 87-9 | ||||
| Marrgany | No | 343 | 0 | |||
| Martuthunira | no info | x | ||||
| Mathi-Mathi | no | 103 | 0 | |||
| Matses | no info | |||||
| Mayi-Yapi | No info | x | ||||
| Minica Witoto | no | Minor and Minor 1982. p.16, 72-75 | ||||
| Mpakwithi | ||||||
| Muruwari | no info | x | ||||
| Nadëb/Roçado dialect | no | use of the verb form ba-doh 'be.inexistent' | Weir 1984 | |||
| Nanti | yes | Negative existential, can also be used with a clausal complement to indicate negation of the complement in a specific location. | Michael, 2008. p. 382-383 | |||
| Narungga | No info | 57 | x | |||
| Naso | yes | Quesada 2000 | ||||
| Ngaatjatjara | No | 28 | 0 | |||
| Ngarinyeri | No info | x | ||||
| Ngarinyin | ||||||
| Ngayawang | No info | x | ||||
| Ngiyambaa | no info | x | ||||
| Nhanta | no info | x | ||||
| Nheengatu | no info | Cruz 2011 | ||||
| Ninam | no | uses same form | Goodwin-Gomez, p.102 | |||
| Northern Emberá | no | There is a change in the order of the negator to negate an NP. Not sure if this different semantics counts as "distintict negative form" | Mortensen 1999:98-102 | Catío | ||
| Northern Paiute | ||||||
| Nyangumarta | no info | x | ||||
| Nyikina | yes | 1 | ||||
| Nyulnyul | no info | x | ||||
| Nyungar | no info | x | ||||
| Paakantyi | no info | X | ||||
| Palikur | no info | Launey 2003 | ||||
| Panyjima | no info | x | ||||
| Paraguayan Guaraní | no info | |||||
| Paresi | no | Brandão 2010:54 | ||||
| Pemon | no | de Armellada 1999: 237 to 240 | ||||
| Piapoco | yes | Galindo, 2002: 241 | ||||
| Pintupi | no info | x | ||||
| Pitjantjatjara | No | G 242 | 0 | |||
| Pitta-Pitta | No | 222 | 0 | |||
| Puinave | no | There is a distinct negative marker for NPs | Giron 2008: p293 | |||
| Páez | no info | |||||
| Quechua Ayacuchano | no info | |||||
| Resígaro | no | No indication that there is a separate strategy for negating an NP. | Allin, 1976: 109, 150, 223 | |||
| Ritharrngu | Yes | 102 | 1 | |||
| Sanumá | no | Borgman 1990: 81-82 | ||||
| Serrano | ||||||
| Shoshone | ||||||
| Sikuani | no info | Queixalós 2000 | ||||
| Siona | no info | Wheeler - 1970; Wheeler - 1987 | ||||
| Southern Paiute | ||||||
| Southern Ute | ||||||
| Surui | no info | |||||
| Tanimuca | no | Strom 1992, p.145 | ||||
| Tariana | no | The prefix ma- (see predicate negation marker ma-…-kade) can be used to express lack of body part/kinship relation (seemingly only with inalienable nouns). | Aikhenvald, 2003: 400, 410 | |||
| Thanggati | no | 175 | 0 | |||
| Tharrkari | No | 20 | 0 | |||
| Tikuna | no info | |||||
| Timbisha | ||||||
| Tukano | yes | West and Welch 2004: 14 | ||||
| Uradhi | No | 381 | 0 | |||
| Urarina | no info | |||||
| Wajarri | No info | 132 | x | |||
| Wakaya | no info | x | ||||
| Walmajarri | no info | x | ||||
| Wambaya | yes | 1 | ||||
| Wangkumara | no info | X | ||||
| Waorani | yes | There is a negative particle for "there is not" {dae} | Peeke 1991:19, 38 | |||
| Wapishana | no | Santos 2006 | ||||
| Warlpiri | no info | 0 | ||||
| Warluwarra | no info | x | ||||
| Warnman | no info | x | ||||
| Warrgamay | No | 82 | 0 | |||
| Warrwa | no info | x | ||||
| Warumungu | yes | 57 | 1 | |||
| Warungu | no | 324 | 0 | |||
| Wathawurrung | no info | 81 | x | |||
| Waunana | no info | |||||
| Wayuu | no | The regular negative verb can have the meaning 'no haber,' as well as 'no ser' or 'no estar.' | Mansen & Captain, 2000: p. 804 | |||
| Wemba-Wemba | no | H Dictionary 61 | 0 | |||
| Western Mono | ||||||
| WesternTorres | no info | x | ||||
| Wiradjuri | no info | x | ||||
| Wirangu | No info | x | ||||
| Woiwurrung | no info | x | ||||
| Worrorra | no info | X | ||||
| Yagua | no | Payne and Payne 1990 | ||||
| Yalarnnga | no info | x | ||||
| Yan-nhangu | ||||||
| Yandruwandha | no info | x | ||||
| Yanesha' | no | Duff-Tripp 1997:179-81 | ||||
| Yanomami | no | Ramirez 1994 | evidenced by examples | |||
| Yanyuwa | no | 135 | 0 | |||
| Yavitero | no | Mosonyi, 1987: p. 64 | ||||
| Yawuru | ||||||
| Yidiny | no | 0 | ||||
| Yindjibarndi | no info | x | ||||
| Yindjilindji | no info | x | ||||
| Yine | no info | no discussion on negation | Matteson 1965 | |||
| Yingkarta | no info | x | ||||
| Yir Yoront | ||||||
| Yorta Yorta | no | 168 | 0 | |||
| Yugambeh | ||||||
| Yukuna | no | Shauer & Shauer, 1978: p. 523, Shauer 1978: 39 | ||||
| Yulparija | no info | x | ||||
| Yuwaalaraay | Yes | 92 | 1 |
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