Clause chaining
- Category
- Simple Clauses - Other
- Notes
- Clauses can be grouped such that only one bears most of the verb morphology, and the others are marked as to whether they share a subject with this reference clause.
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Languages
| Language | Feature Status | Grammatical Notes | Source | Etymology Notes | General Notes | Phylogenetic Code |
|---|
Language | Feature Status | Grammatical Notes | Source | Etymology Notes | General Notes | Phylogenetic Code |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Achagua | no | Wilson & Levinsohn 1992: 154 | ||||
| Aché | no info | |||||
| Adnyamathanha | ||||||
| Aghu-Tharnggala | No | 70 | 0 | |||
| Aguaruna | yes | Overall 2007:483 | ||||
| Alyawarr | no | 134-7 | 0 | |||
| Andoke | no info | |||||
| Apurinã | no | No discussion of clause chaining among description of complex clauses. | Facundes, 2000: 560-612 | |||
| Arabana | yes | 266-82 | 1 | |||
| Arrernte | Yes | 362 | 1 | |||
| Asheninka Apurucayali | yes | Payne 1981:1038; Payne 1983:130140 | ||||
| Añun | no info | Patte 1989 | ||||
| Bandjalang | No | 94 | 0 | |||
| Baniwa | no | Ramirez 2001 | ||||
| Barasano | no | Jones & Jones 1991, p.149-160 | epps - check for same subject vs diff subj | |||
| Bardi | yes | 1 | ||||
| Bare | no | Aikhenvald, 1995 | ||||
| Batyala | no info | x | ||||
| Baure | yes | Danielsen 2007: p412 | ||||
| Bidjara-Gungabula | no info | x | ||||
| Bilinarra | no info | x | ||||
| Biri | no | 61-4 | 0 | |||
| Bora | yes | Seifart - 2005:248-257 | ||||
| Bularnu | no info | x | ||||
| Bunuba | no info | x | ||||
| Cabecar | no info | |||||
| Cahuilla | ||||||
| Central Aymara | no | Huayhua Pari 2001: 302 to 311 | ||||
| Chemehuevi | ||||||
| Comanche | ||||||
| Cubeo | no info | Morse & Maxwell 1999, p. 148 | ||||
| Cupeño | ||||||
| Damana | no info | |||||
| Darkinyung | no info | x | ||||
| Desano | yes | Miller 1999, p. 154 | ||||
| Dharawal | no info | x | ||||
| Dharuk | ||||||
| Diyari | no | 202; 218 | 0 | |||
| Djabugay | ||||||
| Djapu | no | 0 | ||||
| Djinang | No | 167 | 0 | |||
| Duungidjawu | no | 102 | 0 | |||
| Dyirbal | yes | 71 | 1 | |||
| Dâw | no info | Martins 2004 | ||||
| Eñepa | no | not a classic clause-chaining language | Payne 2012:403 | |||
| Gabrielino | ||||||
| Garrwa | no info | X | ||||
| Githabul | No | 24 | 0 | |||
| Gooniyandi | no info | x | ||||
| Guaymí | no | Quesada 2008:99-146 | ||||
| Gugu-Badhun | no | 0 | ||||
| Gumbaynggirr | no | 300 | 0 | |||
| Guna | no | Smith texts | ||||
| Gunya | No | 324 | 0 | |||
| Gupapuyngu | ||||||
| Gureng Gureng | no info | x | ||||
| Guugu-Yimidhirr | No | 80, 128 | 0 | |||
| Hunter River and Lake Macquarie | no | 68 | 0 | |||
| Hup | no | Epps 2008 | ||||
| Idaho Shoshone | ||||||
| Ika | yes | Frank 1990:91 | ||||
| Ingá | no | Levinson 1974, 1976, 1976b | ||||
| Jaru | no info | x | ||||
| Jingulu | no info | x | ||||
| Kaingang | no info | Silva 2011 | ||||
| Kakua | yes | Bolaños fieldnotes | ||||
| Kalkatungu | no | 112-3 | 0 | |||
| Karajarri | Maybe | 147 | 1 | |||
| Karitiana | no info | |||||
| Katthang | no | 101 | 0 | |||
| Kaurna | No info | x | ||||
| Kawaiisu | ||||||
| Kinikinau | no info | |||||
| Kitanemuk | ||||||
| Kogi | no info | |||||
| Kokama | no | Vallejos 2010:567-665 | ||||
| Kokatha | No | 29 | 0 | |||
| Koreguaje | yes | Cook & Criswell 1993, p.89-94 | ||||
| Kotiria | yes | verb sequence constructions, where last one takes inflection but they form separate phonological words (unlike SVCs/compounds) | sect. 11.6 (Neb Press) | |||
| Kugu-Nganhcara | No | 410 | 0 | |||
| Kuku Yalanji | no | 0 | ||||
| Kunjen | No | 108 | 0 | |||
| Kurrama | no | 264-287 | 0 | |||
| Kuuk Thaayorre | No | 442 | 0 | |||
| Luiseño | ||||||
| Macaguan | no info | Buenaventura - 1993 | ||||
| Maipure | yes | Zamponi 2003:54 | ||||
| Makiritare | no info | Hall 1988 | ||||
| Makuna | yes | Smothermon & Smothermon 1993, p.68 | ||||
| Makushi | no | Clausal serialization occurs, but there is no evidence of shared subject marking. | Carson 1982; Abbott 1991 | |||
| Mapudungun | no | Zúñiga 2006, p. 102-94 | ||||
| Marrgany | yes | 318 | 1 | |||
| Martuthunira | no | 240-263 | 0 | |||
| Mathi-Mathi | no | 108 | 0 | |||
| Matses | yes | Fleck:1132 | ||||
| Mayi-Yapi | No info | x | ||||
| Minica Witoto | yes | Minor and Minor 1982. p.78 | ||||
| Mpakwithi | ||||||
| Muruwari | no? | 222-5 | 0 | |||
| Nadëb/Roçado dialect | no info | Weir 1984 | ||||
| Nanti | no | There are clause linking strategies, but verbs in both clauses have required morphology. | Michael, 2008. p. 427-440 | |||
| Narungga | No info | x | ||||
| Naso | no | Quesada 2000 | ||||
| Ngaatjatjara | No | 108 | 0 | |||
| Ngarinyeri | No info | x | ||||
| Ngarinyin | ||||||
| Ngayawang | No info | x | ||||
| Ngiyambaa | no | 0 | ||||
| Nhanta | no info | x | ||||
| Nheengatu | no | Cruz 2011 | ||||
| Ninam | no info | |||||
| Northern Emberá | yes | There is verb serialization | Mortensen 1999:59-60 | Catío | ||
| Northern Paiute | ||||||
| Nyangumarta | no info | x | ||||
| Nyikina | yes | 1 | ||||
| Nyulnyul | no info | x | ||||
| Nyungar | no info | x | ||||
| Paakantyi | no info | X | ||||
| Palikur | no info | Launey 2003 | ||||
| Panyjima | no | 0 | ||||
| Paraguayan Guaraní | no info | |||||
| Paresi | no info | Rowan 1978, Rowan and Burgess 1979, Brandão 2010 | ||||
| Pemon | no | Each verb has its own person inflection | de Armellada 1999: 16-5, 105-226 | |||
| Piapoco | no | Galindo, 2002: 287-313 | ||||
| Pintupi | no | 0 | ||||
| Pitjantjatjara | No | G 199 | 0 | |||
| Pitta-Pitta | No | 201 | 0 | |||
| Puinave | no | Giron 2008: p411-413 | ||||
| Páez | no info | |||||
| Quechua Ayacuchano | yes | These suffixes also mark switch referene a temporal relation | Parker 1965:53 | |||
| Resígaro | no | Allin, 1976: 370-372 | ||||
| Ritharrngu | Yes | 74 | 1 | |||
| Sanumá | yes | he calls this "chaining" but I'm not sure that it fits the description in this template | Borgman 1990: 102 | |||
| Serrano | ||||||
| Shoshone | ||||||
| Sikuani | yes | de Kondo (Vol.1,2) - 1985; Queixalós - 2000; 49-206 | ||||
| Siona | yes | Wheeler - 1987:138-178 | ||||
| Southern Paiute | ||||||
| Southern Ute | ||||||
| Surui | no info | |||||
| Tanimuca | no | Strom 1992,p.151-158 | ||||
| Tariana | yes | Aikhenvald, 2003: 516 | ||||
| Thanggati | no | 89 | 0 | |||
| Tharrkari | No | 31 | 0 | |||
| Tikuna | no info | |||||
| Timbisha | ||||||
| Tukano | no | each of clauses with switch reference appears to have the same amount of verbal morphology | Ramirez 1997: 256-8 | |||
| Uradhi | No | 363 | 0 | |||
| Urarina | yes | Olawsky:847 | ||||
| Wajarri | No | 92 | 0 | |||
| Wakaya | no info | x | ||||
| Walmajarri | yes | 1 | ||||
| Wambaya | no info | x | ||||
| Wangkumara | no info | X | ||||
| Waorani | no info | |||||
| Wapishana | no | Each verb bears its own morphology. | Santos 2006 | |||
| Warlpiri | no info | 0 | ||||
| Warluwarra | no info | x | ||||
| Warnman | no info | x | ||||
| Warrgamay | No | 45 | 0 | |||
| Warrwa | no info | x | ||||
| Warumungu | yes | 51 | 1 | |||
| Warungu | no | 0 | ||||
| Wathawurrung | no info | x | ||||
| Waunana | no info | |||||
| Wayuu | yes | Mansen and Mansen (1976) do not discuss this as clause chaining explicitly, but they describe a "simple sentence" as a nucleus plus one or more temporal, logical, or temporal-logical margins, which are marked with same/different subject particles, while t | Mansen & Mansen, 1976: p. 166-172, Mansen & Captain 2000: p. 804 | |||
| Wemba-Wemba | no | H 50 | 0 | |||
| Western Mono | ||||||
| WesternTorres | no info | x | ||||
| Wiradjuri | no info | x | ||||
| Wirangu | yes | 122-4 | 1 | |||
| Woiwurrung | no info | x | ||||
| Worrorra | no | 0 | ||||
| Yagua | no info | Payne and Payne 1990 | ||||
| Yalarnnga | no | 0 | ||||
| Yan-nhangu | ||||||
| Yandruwandha | no | 197-206 | 0 | |||
| Yanesha' | no | Duff-Tripp 1997:188 | ||||
| Yanomami | no info | Ramirez 1994 | ||||
| Yanyuwa | no info | x | ||||
| Yavitero | no | Strings of three or four verbs can be combined, but all carry their own person markers. No mention of whether all verbs get tense/aspect marking. | Mosonyi, 1987: p. 93 | |||
| Yawuru | ||||||
| Yidiny | not done yet | X | ||||
| Yindjibarndi | no | 0 | ||||
| Yindjilindji | no info | x | ||||
| Yine | no info | Matteson 1965 | ||||
| Yingkarta | yes? | 1 | ||||
| Yir Yoront | ||||||
| Yorta Yorta | no | 83 | 0 | |||
| Yugambeh | ||||||
| Yukuna | no | All of the examples of multiple clauses have person marking on all the verbs. | Shauer & Shauer, 2000: p. 21-23 | |||
| Yulparija | No | 35 | 0 | |||
| Yuwaalaraay | No | 74 | 0 |
| Language |
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