| Cahuilla |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Cupeño |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Luiseño |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Serrano |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Kitanemuk |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Kawaiisu |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Timbisha |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Western Mono |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Chemehuevi |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Southern Paiute |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Southern Ute |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Shoshone |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Comanche |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Idaho Shoshone |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Northern Paiute |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Gabrielino |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Achagua |
no |
|
Wilson & Levinsohn 1992: 154 |
|
|
|
| Resígaro |
no |
|
Allin, 1976: 370-372 |
|
|
|
| Bare |
no |
|
Aikhenvald, 1995 |
|
|
|
| Piapoco |
no |
|
Galindo, 2002: 287-313 |
|
|
|
| Yukuna |
no |
All of the examples of multiple clauses have person marking on all the verbs. |
Shauer & Shauer, 2000: p. 21-23 |
|
|
|
| Yavitero |
no |
Strings of three or four verbs can be combined, but all carry their own person markers. No mention of whether all verbs get tense/aspect marking. |
Mosonyi, 1987: p. 93 |
|
|
|
| Wapishana |
no |
Each verb bears its own morphology. |
Santos 2006 |
|
|
|
| Wayuu |
yes |
Mansen and Mansen (1976) do not discuss this as clause chaining explicitly, but they describe a "simple sentence" as a nucleus plus one or more temporal, logical, or temporal-logical margins, which are marked with same/different subject particles, while t |
Mansen & Mansen, 1976: p. 166-172, Mansen & Captain 2000: p. 804 |
|
|
|
| Tariana |
yes |
|
Aikhenvald, 2003: 516 |
|
|
|
| Apurinã |
no |
No discussion of clause chaining among description of complex clauses. |
Facundes, 2000: 560-612 |
|
|
|
| Asheninka Apurucayali |
yes |
|
Payne 1981:1038; Payne 1983:130140 |
|
|
|
| Maipure |
yes |
|
Zamponi 2003:54 |
|
|
|
| Yanesha' |
no |
|
Duff-Tripp 1997:188 |
|
|
|
| Kinikinau |
no info |
|
|
|
|
|
| Baure |
yes |
|
Danielsen 2007: p412 |
|
|
|
| Nanti |
no |
There are clause linking strategies, but verbs in both clauses have required morphology. |
Michael, 2008. p. 427-440 |
|
|
|
| Paresi |
no info |
|
Rowan 1978, Rowan and Burgess 1979, Brandão 2010 |
|
|
|
| Palikur |
no info |
|
Launey 2003 |
|
|
|
| Yine |
no info |
|
Matteson 1965 |
|
|
|
| Añun |
no info |
|
Patte 1989 |
|
|
|
| Bora |
yes |
|
Seifart - 2005:248-257 |
|
|
|
| Makiritare |
no info |
|
Hall 1988 |
|
|
|
| Makushi |
no |
Clausal serialization occurs, but there is no evidence of shared subject marking. |
Carson 1982; Abbott 1991 |
|
|
|
| Eñepa |
no |
not a classic clause-chaining language |
Payne 2012:403 |
|
|
|
| Pemon |
no |
Each verb has its own person inflection |
de Armellada 1999: 16-5, 105-226 |
|
|
|
| Guna |
no |
|
Smith texts |
|
|
|
| Naso |
no |
|
Quesada 2000 |
|
|
|
| Ika |
yes |
|
Frank 1990:91 |
|
|
|
| Kogi |
no info |
|
|
|
|
|
| Cabecar |
no info |
|
|
|
|
|
| Guaymí |
no |
|
Quesada 2008:99-146 |
|
|
|
| Damana |
no info |
|
|
|
|
|
| Sikuani |
yes |
|
de Kondo (Vol.1,2) - 1985; Queixalós - 2000; 49-206 |
|
|
|
| Macaguan |
no info |
|
Buenaventura - 1993 |
|
|
|
| Aguaruna |
yes |
|
Overall 2007:483 |
|
|
|
| Northern Emberá |
yes |
There is verb serialization |
Mortensen 1999:59-60 |
|
Catío |
|
| Waorani |
no info |
|
|
|
|
|
| Ingá |
no |
|
Levinson 1974, 1976, 1976b |
|
|
|
| Matses |
yes |
|
Fleck:1132 |
|
|
|
| Mapudungun |
no |
|
Zúñiga 2006, p. 102-94 |
|
|
|
| Páez |
no info |
|
|
|
|
|
| Quechua Ayacuchano |
yes |
These suffixes also mark switch referene a temporal relation |
Parker 1965:53 |
|
|
|
| Tikuna |
no info |
|
|
|
|
|
| Urarina |
yes |
|
Olawsky:847 |
|
|
|
| Waunana |
no info |
|
|
|
|
|
| Andoke |
no info |
|
|
|
|
|
| Puinave |
no |
|
Giron 2008: p411-413 |
|
|
|
| Central Aymara |
no |
|
Huayhua Pari 2001: 302 to 311 |
|
|
|
| Kakua |
yes |
|
Bolaños fieldnotes |
|
|
|
| Kaingang |
no info |
|
Silva 2011 |
|
|
|
| Minica Witoto |
yes |
|
Minor and Minor 1982. p.78 |
|
|
|
| Hup |
no |
|
Epps 2008 |
|
|
|
| Nadëb/Roçado dialect |
no info |
|
Weir 1984 |
|
|
|
| Dâw |
no info |
|
Martins 2004 |
|
|
|
| Desano |
yes |
|
Miller 1999, p. 154 |
|
|
|
| Cubeo |
no info |
|
Morse & Maxwell 1999, p. 148 |
|
|
|
| Kotiria |
yes |
verb sequence constructions, where last one takes inflection but they form separate phonological words (unlike SVCs/compounds) |
sect. 11.6 (Neb Press) |
|
|
|
| Makuna |
yes |
|
Smothermon & Smothermon 1993, p.68 |
|
|
|
| Koreguaje |
yes |
|
Cook & Criswell 1993, p.89-94 |
|
|
|
| Barasano |
no |
|
Jones & Jones 1991, p.149-160 |
|
epps - check for same subject vs diff subj |
|
| Tanimuca |
no |
|
Strom 1992,p.151-158 |
|
|
|
| Siona |
yes |
|
Wheeler - 1987:138-178 |
|
|
|
| Tukano |
no |
each of clauses with switch reference appears to have the same amount of verbal morphology |
Ramirez 1997: 256-8 |
|
|
|
| Yanomami |
no info |
|
Ramirez 1994 |
|
|
|
| Ninam |
no info |
|
|
|
|
|
| Sanumá |
yes |
he calls this "chaining" but I'm not sure that it fits the description in this template |
Borgman 1990: 102 |
|
|
|
| Surui |
no info |
|
|
|
|
|
| Karitiana |
no info |
|
|
|
|
|
| Nheengatu |
no |
|
Cruz 2011 |
|
|
|
| Paraguayan Guaraní |
no info |
|
|
|
|
|
| Aché |
no info |
|
|
|
|
|
| Kokama |
no |
|
Vallejos 2010:567-665 |
|
|
|
| Nyangumarta |
no info |
|
|
|
|
x |
| Jingulu |
no info |
|
|
|
|
x |
| Wambaya |
no info |
|
|
|
|
x |
| Bunuba |
no info |
|
|
|
|
x |
| Walmajarri |
yes |
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Nyulnyul |
no info |
|
|
|
|
x |
| Warrwa |
no info |
|
|
|
|
x |
| Worrorra |
no |
|
|
|
|
0 |
| Garrwa |
no info |
|
|
|
|
X |
| Gooniyandi |
no info |
|
|
|
|
x |
| Warlpiri |
no info |
|
|
|
|
0 |
| Bardi |
yes |
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Yugambeh |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Yorta Yorta |
no |
|
83 |
|
|
0 |
| Yir Yoront |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Yindjibarndi |
no |
|
|
|
|
0 |
| Yidiny |
not done yet |
|
|
|
|
X |
| Yanyuwa |
no info |
|
|
|
|
x |
| Yandruwandha |
no |
|
197-206 |
|
|
0 |
| Yan-nhangu |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Yalarnnga |
no |
|
|
|
|
0 |
| Woiwurrung |
no info |
|
|
|
|
x |
| Wirangu |
yes |
|
122-4 |
|
|
1 |
| Wemba-Wemba |
no |
|
H 50 |
|
|
0 |
| Warumungu |
yes |
|
51 |
|
|
1 |
| Wangkumara |
no info |
|
|
|
|
X |
| Uradhi |
No |
|
363 |
|
|
0 |
| Paakantyi |
no info |
|
|
|
|
X |
| Pitta-Pitta |
No |
|
201 |
|
|
0 |
| Pintupi |
no |
|
|
|
|
0 |
| Nyungar |
no info |
|
|
|
|
x |
| Nhanta |
no info |
|
|
|
|
x |
| Ngiyambaa |
no |
|
|
|
|
0 |
| Ngayawang |
No info |
|
|
|
|
x |
| Muruwari |
no? |
|
222-5 |
|
|
0 |
| Mpakwithi |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Mayi-Yapi |
No info |
|
|
|
|
x |
| Martuthunira |
no |
|
240-263 |
|
|
0 |
| Marrgany |
yes |
|
318 |
|
|
1 |
| Kuuk Thaayorre |
No |
|
442 |
|
|
0 |
| Kuku Yalanji |
no |
|
|
|
|
0 |
| Kugu-Nganhcara |
No |
|
410 |
|
|
0 |
| Kaurna |
No info |
|
|
|
|
x |
| Kalkatungu |
no |
|
112-3 |
|
|
0 |
| Jaru |
no info |
|
|
|
|
x |
| Guugu-Yimidhirr |
No |
|
80, 128 |
|
|
0 |
| Gureng Gureng |
no info |
|
|
|
|
x |
| Gupapuyngu |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Gumbaynggirr |
no |
|
300 |
|
|
0 |
| Gugu-Badhun |
no |
|
|
|
|
0 |
| Yuwaalaraay |
No |
|
74 |
|
|
0 |
| Dyirbal |
yes |
|
71 |
|
|
1 |
| Duungidjawu |
no |
|
102 |
|
|
0 |
| Djinang |
No |
|
167 |
|
|
0 |
| Djabugay |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Diyari |
no |
|
202; 218 |
|
|
0 |
| Dharuk |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Dharawal |
no info |
|
|
|
|
x |
| Darkinyung |
no info |
|
|
|
|
x |
| Bularnu |
no info |
|
|
|
|
x |
| Biri |
no |
|
61-4 |
|
|
0 |
| Bidjara-Gungabula |
no info |
|
|
|
|
x |
| Batyala |
no info |
|
|
|
|
x |
| Arabana |
yes |
|
266-82 |
|
|
1 |
| Alyawarr |
no |
|
134-7 |
|
|
0 |
| Nyikina |
yes |
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Yawuru |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Ngarinyin |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Yulparija |
No |
|
35 |
|
|
0 |
| Wathawurrung |
no info |
|
|
|
|
x |
| Mathi-Mathi |
no |
|
108 |
|
|
0 |
| Hunter River and Lake Macquarie |
no |
|
68 |
|
|
0 |
| Thanggati |
no |
|
89 |
|
|
0 |
| Katthang |
no |
|
101 |
|
|
0 |
| Panyjima |
no |
|
|
|
|
0 |
| Ngarinyeri |
No info |
|
|
|
|
x |
| Kurrama |
no |
|
264-287 |
|
|
0 |
| Yingkarta |
yes? |
|
|
|
|
1 |
| Githabul |
No |
|
24 |
|
|
0 |
| Gunya |
No |
|
324 |
|
|
0 |
| Kunjen |
No |
|
108 |
|
|
0 |
| WesternTorres |
no info |
|
|
|
|
x |
| Wakaya |
no info |
|
|
|
|
x |
| Yindjilindji |
no info |
|
|
|
|
x |
| Bandjalang |
No |
|
94 |
|
|
0 |
| Ngaatjatjara |
No |
|
108 |
|
|
0 |
| Arrernte |
Yes |
|
362 |
|
|
1 |
| Kokatha |
No |
|
29 |
|
|
0 |
| Karajarri |
Maybe |
|
147 |
|
|
1 |
| Pitjantjatjara |
No |
|
G 199 |
|
|
0 |
| Ritharrngu |
Yes |
|
74 |
|
|
1 |
| Warrgamay |
No |
|
45 |
|
|
0 |
| Warluwarra |
no info |
|
|
|
|
x |
| Warnman |
no info |
|
|
|
|
x |
| Djapu |
no |
|
|
|
|
0 |
| Bilinarra |
no info |
|
|
|
|
x |
| Wiradjuri |
no info |
|
|
|
|
x |
| Aghu-Tharnggala |
No |
|
70 |
|
|
0 |
| Narungga |
No info |
|
|
|
|
x |
| Tharrkari |
No |
|
31 |
|
|
0 |
| Wajarri |
No |
|
92 |
|
|
0 |
| Warungu |
no |
|
|
|
|
0 |
| Adnyamathanha |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Yagua |
no info |
|
Payne and Payne 1990 |
|
|
|
| Baniwa |
no |
|
Ramirez 2001 |
|
|
|
